19高考一轮复习高考英语语法综合训练8

2019年高考一轮复习语法综合训练（八）

一语法填空

A 篇

【2019届河北省衡水中学高三上学期七调考试】

Recent months have seen a return of bikes across China. With an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of 41．(drive) to schools, to workplaces or to go sightseeing. The introduction of bike-sharing programs has brought the trend to a new level.

The bikes 42．(equip) with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user. They’re popular among many Chinese people as they provide 43．effective solution in places 44．it’s difficult to change from one kind of transport to another. Bike-sharing is a 45．(green) method of transportation and 46．(provide) a more friendly experience.

However, the programs have also led to problems such as 47．(legal) parking, deliberate damaging and theft. To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people 48．(return) the bikes to stations 49．rewarding free time for their next rides. Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems, too. For example, Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with 50．(point) taken in the case of bad behaviour. Once a score drops below 80, bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0.5 — 1 yuan.

【解析】本文讲述了共享单车的事情。共享单车的出现收到的大众的欢迎，但是随着共享单车的迅速普及，也出现了很多问题。为了解决这些问题，经营共享单车的公司也提出了一些方法。

41．句意：越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是驾车到学校，到工作场所或观光。本句中“choosing”表示本句是正在进行时。故填driving。

42．句意：自行车装配了GPS，可以在公共场合留给下一个用户。自行车的配件都是被装配上的，本句是被动句，故填are equipped。

43．effective是以元音字母开头的单词，故填an。

44．句意：它们在许多中国人中受到欢迎，因为它们在难以从一种运输转变到另一种运输的地方提供有效的解决方案。本句是地点状语从句，从句对places进行补充说明。故填where。

45．句意：自行车分享是一种绿色的交通方式。本句后半句中more friendly采用比较级，前后一致，本空也应用比较级。故填greener。

46．句意：自行车分享是一种绿色的运输方式并且提供更友好的体验。提供的主语是Bike-sharing，要用单数，故填provides。

47．句意：然而，这些方案也导致了……（法律）停车，蓄意的破坏和盗窃等问题。本句讲的都是一些问题，所以不可能是合法停车，只能是非法停车。故填illegal。

48．encourage sb to do sth固定搭配，意为鼓励某人做某事。故填to return。

49．句意：为了解决这些问题，公司提出了通过奖励他们下一次乘车的空闲时间将自行车返回车站。结合句意可知要填一个介词。by又通过的意思。故填by。

50．句意：例如，摩拜为每个用户设置了100分的信用评分，在不良行为的情况下采取了积分。100分的信用评分是复数，故填points。

B篇

【2019届河北省曲周县第一中学高三4月模拟考试】

To breed snails (蜗牛) well, you need to spray water to the container every morning and evening, change soil every two weeks, and feed them with cabbages and sweet fruits—this is what Sun Youxiang, a fourth-grade primary school student in Hangzhou, 41．(conclude) after breeding snails for one year.

From three small white snails at the very beginning 42．more than 60 snails of four generations now, he has done a great job in his assignment for his science class, 43．(witness) the reproduction of animals is a precious experience for kids. Their 44．(create), patience, and respect for life will be stimulated (激发) as they learn to take care of animals on their own.

Sun’s teacher said the assignment served as a . good example of life education. Practice 45．(be) an essential step in leaning, which will benefit the kids for 46．life time. Life education allows kids to know how to live with nature and creatures in a friendly way.

Starting from this year, Science will become an. 47．(equal) important subject as Chinese and Math in primary schools, 48．aims to improve students’ knowledge about the surroundings. 49．(draw) by curiosity, more kids will be willing to observe and think through practicing, which will add to 50．(they) recognition of the world in the long run.

【解析】本文通过一个学生饲养蜗牛的例子告诉我们，从今年起，科学课在小学的课程中已经与语文和数学课同等重要了，这有助于孩子们对世界的认知。

41．考查动词。句意：这就是孙有祥在饲养蜗牛一年后得出的结论。得出结论是过去的事情，所以谓语动词conclude要用一般过去时态，故填concluded.

42．考查介词。句意：从一开始的三个小小的白色蜗牛到现在四代60多个蜗牛，他在科学课的作业中已经做得很好。固定搭配：from…to…（从……到……），故填to.

43．考查现在分词。现在分词witnessing作状语，与主语he是主动关系，故填witnessing.

44．考查名词。三个名词creativity（创造性）、patience（耐心）和respect for life（对生命的尊重）并列作主语，故填creativity.

45．考查动词。句意：练习是学习的必要的一步。主语名词practice是不可数名词，说的是一般现在时态，所以要用is，故填is.

46．考查冠词。固定短语：for a life time（一生的时间），需要加冠词a，故填a.

47．考查副词。此处用副词equally（相同地）修饰形容词important，故填equally.

48．考查关系代词。此处用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个一个句子，在从句中作主语，故填which.

49．考查过去分词。用过去分词Drawn（被吸引）作状语，与主语more kids是被动关系，故填Drawn.

50．考查代词。此处用物主代词their作定语修饰名词recognition（认识），故填their.

C篇

【2019届河北省石家庄市第二中学高三最后一卷】

As you know, science plays 41．very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up 42．the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites 43．you can check out the latest in the science world.

One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news 44．(cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site 45．(suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day, 46．(call) Science Daily. The site is 47．(constant) updated with news, often about exciting 48．(finding) that change how we view the world.

These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they 49．(post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that 50．(be) related to the science fields you are interested in.

【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了一些报道最新科学研究发现的网站。

41．考查固定用法。play a very important role in起着非常重要的作用,是固定用法，所以填a。

42．考查固定短语。你想赶得上最新的科学研究发现吗？keep up with赶得上，是固定用法，所以填with。43．考查定语从句。___3___ you can check out the latest in the science world.是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。

44．考查非谓语动词。cover与其逻辑主语This site之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填covering。

45．考查固定结构。find + sb. / sth. + adj. 意为“发现某人(物)……”。形容词作find的宾语补足语，所以填suitable。

46．one与call之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，综上所述，用一般现在时的被动语态，填is called。

47．考查副词。修饰动词updated，用副词，所以填constantly。

48．考查名词单复数。经常是关于一些令人激动的发现。“令人激动的发现”是复数意义，所以填findings。49．考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填posted。

50．考查主谓一致。that ___10___ (be) related to the science fields you are interested in.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词anything，先行词anything在从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数，且表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，所以填is。

二短文改错

A篇

【2019届河北省衡水中学高三上学期七调考试】

My classmates and I decide to do something for our coming graduation. After the heated discussion,

we agreed on making a video to record their school life experiences.

Material collecting took us a whole week—we interviewed our teachers or took pictures of almost every aspect of our school life. Edit the interview videos and pictures were tough. We debated about what to put into the video. Some compromises and arguments were unavoidable, but the video turned out to be perfectly. Several days later, when the video played at the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers had a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievements.

【解析】1.纵观全文，可知整篇文章在讲一件过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态，故把decide---decided。

2.句意：经过激烈的讨论，我们同意制作一段录像来记录我们学校的生活经历。根据句意可知把the---a。

3.句意：经过激烈的讨论，我们同意制作一段录像来记录我们学校的生活经历。根据句意可知把their---our。

4.句意：收集材料花了我们整整一个星期——我们采访了我们的老师，并且几乎把我们学校生活的方方面面都拍了出来。根据句意可知此处表示递进的并列关系，故把or---and。

5.此句没有主语，所以用动名词做主语，故把Edit--- Editing。

6.动名词做主语后面的谓语动词用单数形式，故把were---was。

7.句意：我们讨论了在视频里放什么。句中debate是及物动词，故把about去掉。

8.be动词后面用形容词做表语，故把perfectly--- perfect。

9.句意：当这段视频在毕业典礼上播放时，反响很好。根据句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故在the video后面加was。

10.句意：这无疑给了我们很大的成就感。根据句意可知名词用单数形式，故把achievements--- achievement。

B篇

【2019届河北省曲周县第一中学高三4月模拟考试】

Last Friday, the evening fell, but my parents hadn’t come back home yet. I stopped doing my homework but decided to make a meal for my family instead of just wait. It was my the first cooking. I went online to find information on how cook home-style dishes. With the step-by-step direction, I managed to make a dish. Then I tried to cook other. When my Parents got home, they were amazing to see the tasty dishes I made. Immediately my mum took pictures for them and my dad gave me a big hug.

I real enjoyed the meal that evening.

【解析】1.考查动词。本句有时间状语Last Friday，说的是过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时态。故将hadn’t改为didn’t.

2.考查连词。句意：我停止做我的家庭作业，并且决定为家人做一顿饭，而不是只是等待。前后两句应该用and（并且）连接，故将but改为and.

3.考查动词。介词of后要加名词或动名词，故将wait改为waiting.

4.考查冠词。句意：这是我第一次做饭。名词cooking前面已有物主代词my修饰，不再用定冠词the，故将the去掉.

5.考查不定式。此处要用疑问词how加不定式to cook home-style dishes作介词on的宾语，不能用动词原形作介词的宾语，故加to.

6.考查名词。名词direction（用法说明）是可数名词，此处指“一步一步的方法说明”，所以要用复数形式，故将direction改为directions.

7.考查代词。形容词other（其它的）不能单独作宾语，要用代词another（另一个）作宾语，故将other 改为anthor.

8.考查形容词。形容词amazing（令人吃惊的）修饰物，与物有关；而形容词amazed（吃惊的）修饰人，与人有关，故将amazing改为amazed.

9.考查介词。固定短语take pictures of（给……照照片），故将for改为of.

10.考查副词。此处要用副词really（真正地）作状语，修饰动词enjoyed，故将real改为really.

【名师点睛】

短文改错是考试必考题型，也是学生的难点之所在，只要总结规律，多做多积累，一定可以做好它。

1.在长期的积累中总结了以下短文改错口诀：

动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾。

2.本题的难点主要在以下几方面：

（1）动词形：主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。这类题也往往是解题的难点之所在。例如1.考查动词。本句有时间状语Last Friday，说的是过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时态。故将hadn’t改为didn’t.

（2）非谓语，细辨别。非谓动词是改错题中的一个难点。学生不会辨别动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，所以要仔细辨别。例如5.考查不定式。此处要用疑问词how加不定式to cook home-style dishes作介词on的宾语，不能用动词原形作介词的宾语，故加to.

（3）习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如9.考查介词。固定短语take pictures of（给……照照片），故将for改为of.

C篇

【2019届河北省石家庄市第二中学高三最后一卷】

A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a lo ud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened.” Soldiers came to rescue

those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless. 【答案】1. 去掉last Friday前面的on 2. death→deaths3. last→lasted4. while→when

5. late→later

6. shocking→shock

7. were→was

8. them→him

9. burying→buried

10. homeless前面加the

【解析】试题分析：这是一篇新闻报道。一场大暴风雨摧毁了南非的两个村庄，造成四人死亡，200多人无家可归。当地的一个农民讲述了暴风雪发生情况。士兵们展开了救援，挽救那些被埋在废墟下的人，政府为灾民们提供了食物、衣服和帐篷。

第一处：考查介词。last Friday作时间状语无需加介词。故去掉last Friday前的on。

第二处：考查名词。此处表示“……导致四人死亡”，death是可数名词，前面有four修饰，故用复数。故将death 改为deaths。

第三处：考查动词的时态。暴风雨发生在过去，用一般过去时描述，故“持续了一个小时”表示过去的事情，用一般过去时。故将last改为lasted。

第四处：考查连词。句意：我与我的妻子和孩子们正在厨房里，这时候我们听到一声巨响。此处表示一个动作发生时突然出现了另外一个动作，而while表示两个动作同时进行，故将while改为when。

第五处：考查副词。late表示“迟的；晚的”，是形容词；later表示“以后；后来”，此处表示“几分钟以后”。故将late改为later。

第六处：考查固定短语。to one’s shock是固定短语，表示“令某人震惊的是”。故将shocking改为shock。第七处：考查主谓一致。one of ...结构作主语，谓语动词都是用单数。结合语境，句子讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故将were改为was。

第八处：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指上文提到的“one of my boys”，是单数，故将them改为him。

第九处：考查非谓语动词。bury作定语修饰those，those与bury是被动关系，表示“被埋在废墟下的那些人”，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故将burying改为buried。

第十处：考查冠词。“the +形容词”表示一类人，the homeless表示“无家可归的人”。故在homeless前加the。

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[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。 全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016· (be) often acceptable. [剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。 (二)词性转换类 词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名 词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其 解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony [典例1][2016· in London. [剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。 全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016· real sense of __62__ (achieve)． [剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。 特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! [剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。 2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river. [剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处 应用复数形式changes。 3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相 反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根

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