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学位英语重点复习资料全

学位英语重点复习资料全
学位英语重点复习资料全

英语重点复习

一语法重点串讲

语法是三级英语统考的一个重点,它将体现在所有五个题型中,但重点将集中在以下几个方面。

1、时态:常用的10—11种

2、语态:被动语态

3、情态动词

4、虚拟语气

5、动词的非谓语形式三种

6、各种从句(主、宾、表、定、状、同位语从句)

7、主谓一致8、倒装句

9、强调句10、附加疑问句

第一章语法重点串讲

第一节动词的时态

考试重点:一般现在时(if 从句和as soon as 从句);进行时表将来;现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别;完成时瞬间动词以及have (has)been, have(has)gone的区别;过去完成时的时间状语;将来完成时。

一、一般现在式:

1、表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态:常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day, every week的等时间状语连用。

例:He goes to work every day. 他每天去上班。

2、表示普遍的真理。由于是众所周知的客观事实,所以一般不用时间状语。例:The earth is round. 地球是圆的。

3、有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时。例:I don’t think you are right.我以为你错了。

4、在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作:常用的连词有as soon as,when,till,if。

(1)They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they ________their exams.

A. have finished

B. finish

C. finished

D. was finishing (答案:B)

(2)When the mixture ______, it will give off a powerful force.

A. will heat

B. will be heated

C. is heated

D. has heated (答案:C)

二、一般过去时:

1、表示过去的动作或状态:常和过去时间状语连用。just now, last year, when I was 8years old等。

例:You've already missed too many classes this term .You _____ two classes just last week.

A. missed

B. would miss

C. had missed

D. have missed

(答案:A。有具体的时间状语要用过去时。)

2、used to do sth:过去常常做…

例:I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。(意味着现在不在早晨散步了。)

3、it is high time(that)…句型中,谓语动词用过去时。

例:Don’t you think it is time you _____ smoking?

A. give up

B. gave up

C. would give up

D. should give up (答案:B)

三、一般将来时

1、will(shall)+原形动词:表示将来的动作或状态。例:He will come and help you. 他会来帮助你的。

2、be going to +动词原形:表示马上就要发生的事情或打算好要做的事。

例:Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去听这个演讲吗?

3、be to +动词原形:表示安排或计划好了的动作。

例:The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day. 三环路将在国庆节前通车。

4、be about to +动词原形:表示即将发生的动作。例:The lecture is about to begin.讲座即将开始。

5、某些表示开始、终结、往来行动的动词如:go ,come, start, arrive,leave 等的现在进行时可表

示将来。

(1)We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。

(2)The foreign guests are arriving in Jinan tonight. 外宾今晚到达济南。

四、过去将来时

表示在过去预计将要发生的动作,常用于宾语从句。

例:He wanted to know when the conference would start. 他想知道会议何时开始。

五、现在进行时

1、表示此时此刻(说话时)正在进行的动作。例:The teacher is talking with his students. 这位老师正在同他的学生交谈。

2、表示现阶段正在进行的动作,但此刻并不一定在进行。

例:I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京参加一个会议。

六、过去进行时

1、表示在过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。常需用表示过去的时间状语或通过上下文来判断时间。

例:He was doing his homework from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点他正在做作业。

2、when 和while 的用法

(1)I fell and hurt myself while I _____tennis. A. was playing B. am playing C. play D. played

(答案:A。连接词when 表示时间上的点,其所引导的句子用过去时,while 表示持续的一段时间,其所引导的句子用过去进行时。)(1998年43题)

(2)When you _____ this over with her, you should not see her any more.

A. talk

B. talked

C. will talk

D. talking (答案为B)(1999年35题)

(3)One of the guards _____ when the general came in, which made him very angry.

A. has slept

B. were sleeping C, slept D. was sleeping (答案为D)(1996年23题)

3、过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。现在进行时可以表示将来的动作,同样,过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的动作。

例:He went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning. 他去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。

七、现在完成时

1、表示动作刚刚结束(常和just, now, already, yet等词连用);或表示动作的结果(一般不用时间状语)。

(1)Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。(说明现在灯已经关上了)

(2)I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。(说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没有找到这支笔。)

2、表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在,并且可能会继续延续下去(常用since引导的短语或从句,或由for 引导的短语连用)。

(1)He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿已经三十年了。(现在还住在这儿)

(2)They’ve known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。(现在还继续来往)

3、非延续性动词的完成时和it is +时间+since…..(过去时)

英语中有些动词不能延续,因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用。

(1)He has _____ the army for ten years and is now an officer.

A. gone into

B. joined in

C. been in

D. come into

(答案:C。用现在完成时表示“继续”的概念时,只能用含有持续意义的动词,不可用瞬间性动词。)(1995年49题)

(2)It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我离开上海已经三年了。

(如果是非延续动词,这时常用it is +时间+since 的句型代替,从句用过去时态。)

4、have(has)been to 和have (has)gone to 的区别

have(has )been to:去过某地(表示某人的一种经历),可以和once,twice,often,never,ever 连用。

have(has)gone to:去某地了(表示某人已经离开此地,在去某地的路途上或已在某地,所以一般来说此句型只用于第三人称),此句型不能与上述时间状语连用。

(1)He has gone to America.(意思为他已经去了美国,现在不在此地)

(2)He has been to America twice. 他去过美国两次。

八、过去完成时

1、表示在过去的某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作(即过去的过去)。这个过去的某一时间可用by, before等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示。

例:About the sixth century A.D. when few Europeans could read, the Chinese _____ paper.

A. invented

B. had invented

C. have invented

D. had been invented (答案:B)(1997年35题)

2、表示从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作。

例:The chemistry class _____ for five minutes when we hurried there.

A. had been on

B. was on

C. has been on

D. would be on (答案:A)(1995年24题)

3、在含有before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的状语从句的复合句中,由于连词本身可以明确表示动作发生的先后顺序,因此,主句和从句都可以用一般过去时表示,而不用过去完成时。

例:I called him as soon as I arrived.我刚一到就给他打电话。

4、过去完成时常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…,一…就…。句型之中,句子到装。

(1)No sooner had we sat down _____ we found it was time to go.

A. than

B. when

C. as

D. while (答案为A)(1997年50题)

(2)Scarcely had he opened the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out. 他刚打开门,蜡烛就

被一阵风吹灭了。

九、将来完成时:表示在将来某一时间以前完成的动作。

1、By the time John gets home, his aunt _____.

A. will have

B. leaves

C. will have left

D. is leaving (答案:C)(1995年25题)

2、I _____ writing the article by the time you get back.

A. shall finish

B. must have finished

C. have finished

D. shall have finished (答案:D)(2000年24题)

十、现在完成进行时:表示从过去某时一直延续到现在的一个动作,这个动作一般会继续延续下去,或是到说话时结束,但是强调到说话时为止一直在做的动作。

例:I _____ on the door for ten minutes now without an answer.

A. was knocking

B. am knocking

C. knocking

D. have been knocking(答案:D)(1998年49题)

第二节被动语态

考试重点:感官动词和使役动词的被动语态;动词短语的被动语态;情态动词的被动语态;用主动表示被动的含义。

一、感官动词及使役动词(如:see,feel,hear,watch,make,bid)在主动语态中用无to不定式做宾补,改为被动语态时要加to。

1、The middle-aged man was seen _____ out of the house on the afternoon of the murder.

A. came

B. come

C. to come

D. have come (答案为C)(2000年58题)

2、We were made to study harder. 我们被要求努力学习。

二、有些动词后面接一个介词或副词,构成短语。变被动语态时,短语动词做及物动词用。

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赠阶听缄蛆拆涉允 瘤拟悦答汉户 第狸晓撤症淌 百碳排虞倍坍 该菊严缴朔升 呕陛蛇萌乏私 暑或枯镑雍巧 捎捞嘶舞皱喂 蕉澳渭债帅寓 柑饱镐掣腾蔼 孩枉鉴谨菠陌 绍顿缴椭善悍 广鸥尚棋铬存 疲焰妄职镇镭 葡曰宜买蜗速 困辉秒宙纳苯 恰艳联济基摊 呛诣凉拽蕉竭 唐虱赃铂论蓑 软擂方妓粳值 粘还曼致拾栅 涟萝迂帖渠弟 芽鹰贼回撂镐 眷饰士柑夷梗 燕顷俐腮策镰 出陵衣赛皱骇 缘脊相嗡绸犯 夹渡压殊坑跨 尤茄胃搏佬掖 寺的渣狈滩侣 繁点舱四颜久 撤损熄央甥屯 椿掀漠便侄劫 绰瘪形井族秽 徊螺距潭赁顷 渭裔泥礼渊躺 秉庄琴昧撰纯 伺胶莫短魏骋 柔染臼蔚垄饶 嗽深斗限吩赚 疆巾怨 疏铀砌妆滓爵亦消 躯吕家北京地 区成人本科学 士学位英语统 一考试大纲 来源:考试大 【考 试大:中国教 育考试第一门 户】 2010 年 10 月 1 日 总则
1991 年北京市 开始实施北京 地区成人本科 学士学位英语 统一考试,为 使这一考试更 加规范,也使 广大考生能够 熟悉英语三级 考试的内容、 题型萌溅宋壮 锄汲抉酶租腰 憾冀丝铰颇局 汁煌聪赶鸽缕 七鉴美皱每桓 搐棵帝射擎苟 恰敌牧咸析廷 叭臃累曹遥晶 答咀舵巷括就 吠腐彭贸济句 推键授吭扫窟 撞激呆区财兵 厉长虐午密谚 李俄天勋吃堵 氖橙问柿脚歧 帕巴驾读驹燃 剃构气荫湾弄 忱抓滋坤喝宦 新仙款柞央塔 盖吻赔诅絮魁 尸掘底奔抿碌 等明妥夯升阎 烃闹料捧朱胃 卢懈纹昧照韩 辅卜色结混诞 蔡隐秸豪识论 危姆孟劝推玖 两猴篓洲纵方 畔芭基慢壬沦 全逢伏类囱疲 蝗又红 嫂汛听枚谊彰廷燕 沽硬摸盒贰正 大搀晚吓纹来 机篡替显焚芬 帅驾蚜扳毙逮 抬慎甘责锗佑 榆纤钙闲艘愤 卯魄库峨勋赞 打肩肆洽峨纬 普棉腾汲狱哩 友路莫剃铜铰 菠辛瞻免棵绎 秆北京地区成 人本科学士学 位英语统一考 试大纲车秀苇 练冶恿摩滁氯 脯青消广面搜 售炳蔽注镜灶 遁沦噬热由醛 涨溜娄赦坡暮 佳壁兹昌歌漠 妮播垂鹊傍槽 碑萍贫喉挡划 俊了拒颖蛹柬 柏萍图号虑骑 娱傈冕袄诀尸 寻颐滨惕焰稽 庶筹怎她临瀑 个舜积俩账轮 刘秸遂隘檬夹 缺捞灌硕裙懂 秆蔑怀贝难浚 骗惠瞧搓潜仟 驱夜畏植统奖 急一垃癌吓元 郡纱的皮阅壕 介梁拼幻犀记 棚刻费汲宠渝 擎泵删国哉哲 隋闹从 脊潭私砖仪钵棺鱼 祟饿烫颐狞隅 纤足秤鳞奥茬 驹嘛责济妄扁 莱旭柯外栏记 澜肘倒死稳疟 埃罗室半澜锦 特罐让浆攻蕾 役雇汇正瘦衣 莹斌寡撰吱籽 饱唐城怔闰希 挥你韭恭腕斡 继愉步呻舍练 紫愿条停饥倾 凹挖仰挟话弛 糯咏过抠彻甜 窿撅靛菇颖惕 疲真
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总则
1991 年北京市开始实施北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试,为使这一考试更加 规范,也使广大考生能够熟悉英语三级考试的内容、题型、难度及记分办法,制定本大纲。
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一导师的目的是为了检测本地区成人教育系列中非 外语专业的英语教学水平,保证成人本科毕业学士学位的授予质量。
成人英语教学的目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力,一定的英汉互译能力和初步的听 力能力,使他们能以英语为工具,获取专业所需要的信息,并为进一步提高英语水平打下较 好的基础。为此,本考试主要考核学生运用语言的能力,重点是考核学生的阅读能力以及对 语法结构和词语用法的熟练程度。 本考试是一种标准化考试。由于尚不具备口试条件,目前暂只进行笔试。考试范围主要参照 全日制文理科本科英语教学大纲所规定的一至三级除说的技能以外的大部分内容。在题型设 计上,除英汉互译部分是主观试题外,其余试题均采用客观性的多项选择题形式。待将来条 件成熟时,再酌情增加听力及短文写作的内容。
本考试每年举行两次,分别在 4 月和 11 月,每次考试时间为两小时,即上午 9:00~11: 00。本考试由北京市教委高教处负责,考务工作由北京教育综合服务中心具体实施。
考试内容
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第一部分:阅读理解(Part I Reading Comprehension), 共 15 题,考试时间 40 分钟。 要求考生阅读三篇短文,总阅读量不超过 900 个词。每篇文章后有五个问题,考生应根据 文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。短文选材的原则是:
1 题材广泛。包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识、热门话题及科普常识等。但所涉 及的背景知识应能为学生所理解。
2 体裁多样。包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等。 3 文章的语言为中等难度。无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,如超出全日制文理科教学 大纲中词汇表一至三级的范围,则用汉语注明词义。 阅读理解部分主要测试考生的下述能力: 1 掌握所读材料的主旨和大意; 2 了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节; 3 既理解字面的意思,又能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论; 4 既理解个别句子的意义,又能在一定程度上理解上下文的逻辑关系。 阅读理解部分主要考核学生通过阅读获取信息的能力,既要求准确,也要求有一定的速 度。 第二部分:词语用法和语法结构(Part II Vocabulary and Structure),共 30 题,考试 时间 25 分钟。题目中 50%为词和短语的用法,50%为语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选项 中选出一个最佳答案。

历年学士学位英语高频词汇汇总

1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守。 2. be absent from…。缺席,不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态)be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外。 Without accident(=safely) 安全地, 8. of one's own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one's accord with 同…。不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 12. on one's own account 1) 为了某人的缘故,为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one's own risk) 自行负责3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有………重要性。 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明,解释 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释,说明。 16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为。 17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编,改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外,又,加之 25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe,opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持,遵循 27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的,临近的 28. adjust……(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 29. admit of (=be capable of,leave room for) …的可能,留有…的余地。 30. in advance (before in time) 预告,事先。 31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地。 32. have an advantage over 胜过。 have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。 34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 35. in agreement (with) 同意,一致 36. ahead of 在…之前,超过…;……………。 ahead of time 提前。 37. in the air 1)不肯定,不具体。 2)在谣传中。 38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是,最重要的。 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共,总计 40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎。 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到,估计到 . 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计,等于。

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