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2012海淀二模(试题分析)

2012海淀二模试卷分析

第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. Reading books，_______ takes the reader to other worlds，is a wonderful way to enjoy life.

A. that

B. what

C. as

D. which

D. 定语从句修饰books，从句缺少主语，补充关系代词which。

22. ---What makes you a history major？

---Interest. I _____ it because my high school history teacher influenced me a lot.

A. loved

B. had loved

C. love

D. have loved

C. 一般现在时。Love表示现在的状态或者可以理解为过去、现在和将来都发生的动作。

23. The average Facebook user in the United States has 245 friends，according to a study ______ in February.

A. publishing

B. published

C. publish

D. to publish

C. 非谓语动词。Study和publish之间呈被动关系，选择过去分词。

24. As the intelligence of robots increases to match ________ of humans，we may use them to expand our frontiers.

A. it

B. that

C. which

D. them

B. 代词。that指代上文提到的同类事物，但不是同一事物。it指代上文提到的同一事物。

25. ---Have you received your new shoes？

---Yes. And at the same time I got the jacket I _____.

A. had ordered

B. ordered

C. have ordered

D. order

A. 过去完成时。Order发生在got之前，属于过去的过去，使用过去完成时。

26. A mistake _____ have been made on our bill. We didn’t order any fish today.

A. should

B. would

C. must

D. could

C. 情态动词表示推测的用法。后半句说明账单肯定有错，所以选择must。

27. One doesn’t have to look far to realize the direct connection smoking and cancer. A. of B. with C. to D. between

D. 介词。smoking和cancer用and连接，使用搭配between…and…

28. She came to Beijing on April 28，_____ Mayday's concert in the Bird’s Nest.

A. to expect

B. expecting

C. expected

D. expect

B. 非谓语动词。She和expect之间呈主动关系，选择现在分词。to do表示目的，不放在逗号之后，且此处意思不通，故不对。

29. ---Is dinner ready？

---Not yet. The main course ______. It needs another ten minutes.

A. was not done

B. had not done

C. is not done

D. has not done

C. 一般现在时的被动语态。main course和do之间呈被动关系，且为现在存在的状态。

30. House prices vary from place to place and are usually high _____ there are famous schools.

A. where

B. since

C. when

D. whether

D. 状语从句。

31. You don’t need to make fancy foods to impress guests—it is something simple but good _____ will do.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. who

B. 强调句。去掉it is 和that之后句子结构完整。

32. More than ten people _____ in their own homes during the first 3 months of this year.

A. were gassed

B. had been gassed

C. are gassed

D. have been gassed

A. 一般过去时的被动语态。gas动词意思为煤气中毒，people与gas之间呈被动关系，根据时间状语during the first 3 months of this year判断动作发生在过去。

33. I act ually believe that we _____ in Xi’an now if you hadn’t been caught drunk driving last month.

A. would be

B. would have been

C. were

D. had been

A. 虚拟语气。主句部分与现在事实相反，使用would do。

34. At no time I would blame you for your being slow in your English study.

A. I said

B. said I

C. I did say

D. did I say

D. 倒装句。At no time可以看做否定词提前，使用部分倒装结构，即一般疑问句语序。

35. One of the glorious moments in my school life was I was awarded the Mayor’s Award.

A. why

B. how

C. that

D. when

D. 名词性从句。when在从句中理解为“…的时候”。

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Education from My Father

My memories of my father are slim because he was so sick in the last years of his life. But there are 36 （some相当于some memories）that I am often reminded of and which may have had some bearing on my love of 37 （文章最后一句暗示）.

When I was small I was somewhat 38 （害怕，因为对科学的热爱是父亲培养的，所以从小并不是很喜欢科学，而是之后

慢慢形成的。）of lightning and thunder. My father explained it. The explanation was in 39 （父亲的解释是语言形式的。）that a child could understand but was basically correct. I gained a better 40 （对科学更好的理解）later，but I didn’t have to unlearn anything.

What he said was that there was electricity in the clouds 41 （and表示顺承）it travelled to the ground like a spark. When it travelled 42 （through表示通过立体的事物）the air it made the air so hot that it 43 .（因果关系，因为太热所以燃烧，而且

下文暗示nothing，表明此处有消失的含义。）Then there was nothing where the air had been and the air all around rushed in

to 44 （周围的空气填满空间）the space. He clapped his hands together very loud，45 （父亲的动作在模拟打雷，所以用pretend）to be the air rushing in，and said that makes the thunder. When I hear thunder，I can still hear that 46 . （上文中出现过clap）

He explained why if it was cloudy in the winter the night was warmer than if it was 47 .（下文中有clear night）It was one of those nights when the sky was full of stars：no moon，no town lights. But there were more stars than you could 48 （比你想象的多）and they had color too. He said that if there were no clouds，we had no blankets and were 49 （下文中出现exposed）to the universe. Our warmth was going to 50 （我们的温度加热）the whole universe. When there were clouds，they were like blankets and we were not exposed to the universe. I 51 （与上一段结尾处相似的写作手法，选择still）feel on the edge of space on a very clear night.

I am sure there were many other lessons that I 52 （学习过）but no longer remember. What I did 53 （领悟），in general，was that there were explanations and that the more I understood them，the more comfortable the world was to live in. I was not taught that there were 54 （神秘）but that there was understanding if you looked for it. This may be why I have always been 55 （感兴趣）in science.

36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. A 41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D

46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. D 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. B

第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Until last spring，Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood went to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose，the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school’s busing company redrew its route map，canceling Nia’s bus. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a “walking school bus”—a group of kids，supervised (监护) by an adult or two，who make the walk together.

Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school，partly because many did so themselves. According to a 1979 survey，nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school，compared with only 16 percent in 2011. Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic，crime or simple bullying (56. In regards to walking to school，modern parents seem much concerned with the _____. A. safety of their kids)，but with organized adult supervision，those concerns have reduced.

Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must，some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks (57. To save money，some schools choose to _____. A. shorten the school week). Busing companies instruct drivers to cancel extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling(挂空挡). They are also using computer software

to determine the most fuel-efficient routes，which aren’t always the shortest ones.

There could be disadvantages，however，to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school，it’s an environmental win—but if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead，the overall carbon footprint can grow (58. Busing cutbacks may lead to _____ C. an increase in carbon dioxide emissions.) Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks. A 2011 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car，since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes，particularly when the route contains a really big hill.？

56. In regards to walking to school，modern parents seem much concerned with the _____. A

A. safety of their kids？

B. kids’ physical strength

C. time spent on the way

D. changes in the route

57. To save money，some schools choose to _____. A

A. shorten the school week？

B. take the shortest routes

C. stop using school buses

D. use fuel-efficient buses

58. Busing cutbacks may lead to _____. C

A. fewer complaints about long morning hikes

B.？more？students？taking？public？transportation

C. an increase in carbon dioxide emissions

D. a decrease in the safety of school buses

A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison.(62. The main idea of this passage is that ________. C. a metaphor is a great poetic device，此题A和B项为举例，不能选。D项主语为诗人，不属于主题词汇，不能选。) It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. (59. According to the passage，a metaphor is a ________. D. comparison between two different objects with similar features ) With a simple metaphor，one object becomes the other：Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image，a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently，what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our understanding of love. Therefore，the poet’s job is to enable us to experience it，to feel it the same way as the poet does.

Let’s analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose，first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is impressive in its beauty，its petals（花瓣）are nicely soft，and its smell is pleasing. It’s possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight，touch，and smell. The rose’s appearance seems to border on perfection，each petal seemingly equal in form. Isn’t this the way one’s love should be？A loved one should be a delight to one’s senses and seem perfect.

However，there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. (60. As is meant by the author，thorns of a rose ________. A. add a new element to the image of love) The poet wants to convey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love，the metaphor tells us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection，ouch，a thorn can cause great harm！“Be careful，” the metaphor warns，“Love is a feast to the senses，but it can overwhelm us，and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering.” This is the poet’s understanding of love—an admonition (劝诫). What is the point？Just this：It took

almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words！(61. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is _______ B. rich in meaning) That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.

59. According to the passage， a metaphor is a ________. D

A. description of two similar objects in a poetic way

B. literary device specially employed in poetry writing

C. contrast between two different things to create a vivid image

D. comparison between two different objects with similar features

60. As is meant by the author，thorns of a rose ________. A

A. add a new element to the image of love

B. protect the rose from harm

C. symbolize reduced love

D. cause acute suffering

61. It can be inferred from the passage that a metaphor is _______. B

A. difficult to understand

B. rich in meaning

C. simple to use

D. perfect in form

62. The main idea of this passage is that ________. C

A. love is a rose in metaphor

B. a rose is a good image in poetry

C. a metaphor is a great poetic device

D. a poet should be careful to use a metaphor

On my first job as a sports editor for the Montpelier Leader Enterprise，I didn’t get a lot of fan mail，so I was intrigued by a letter plopped on my desk one morning.( 63. On seeing the letter on the desk，the author felt _____. B. curious) The envelope bore the logo of the closest big-city paper，the Toledo Blade.

When I opened it，I read：

“Sweet piece of writing on the Tigers. Keep up the good work.”

It was signed by Don Wolfe，the sports editor. Because I was a teenager (being paid the grand total of 15 cents a column inch)，his words could not have been more exciting. I kept the letter in my desk drawer until it got rag-eared. Whenever I doubted I had the right stuff to be a writer，I would reread Don’s note and walk on air again.

Later，when I got to know him，I learned that Don made a habit of writing a quick，encouraging word to people in all walks of life. “When I make others feel good about themselves，” he told me，“I feel good，too.”

Why are upbeat note writers in such short supply？My guess is that many who shy away from the practice are too self-conscious. They are afraid they will be misunderstood，sound old-fashioned or flattering.( 64. According to the author，many people don’t write upbeat notes mainly because they are _____. D. too concerned about what others think) Also，writing takes time and it is far easier to pick up the phone. The drawback with phone calls，of course，is that they do not last. A note attaches more importance to our

well-wishing. It is a matter of record，and our words can be read more than once，appreciated，and treasured.

What does it take to write notes that lift spirits and warm hearts？Perhaps just a desire and a willingness to express our appreciation. The most successful people write notes that are short on words and long on feeling，sincere，short，specific，and usually spontaneous in nature.

It is difficult to be spontaneous，however，when you have to hunt for letter writing materials；so，keep paper，envelopes，and stamps close at hand，even when you travel. Fancy stationery is not necessary；it’s the thought that counts.

So，who around you deserves a note of thanks or approval？ A neighbor，your librarian，a relative，your mate，a teacher，or your doctor？You do not need to be poetic. If you need a reason，look for a milestone，the anniversary of a special event you shared，a birthday，or holiday，and do not hold back your praise. Such words as：“greatest，” “smartest，” “prettiest” make us all

feel good. Even if your praises run a little ahead of reality，remember that expectations are often the parents of dreams fulfilled. (65. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______. B. praises help in pursuing a dream)

63. On seeing the letter on the desk，the author felt _____. B

A. annoyed

B. curious

C. doubtful

D. shocked

64. According to the author，many people don’t write upbeat notes mainly because they are _____.

A. afraid of being out of date

B. too shy to flatter others D

C. prepared to make phone calls

D. too concerned about what others think

65. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______. B

A. praises often run ahead of reality

B. praises help in pursuing a dream

C. parents often write upbeat notes

D. parents expect children’s success

66. What might be the suitable title for the passage？ A

A. The Power of a Positive Note

B. Notes Help to Fulfill Dreams

C. The Necessity of Writing Notes

D. Note or Phone，Your Own Choice

Homeownership has let us down. For generations，Americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good. Our political leaders hammered home the point. Franklin Roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was “unconquerable.” Homeownership coul d even save babies，save children，save families and sav e America. A house with a lawn and a fence wasn’t just a nice place to live in or a risk-free investment；it was a way to transform a nation. No wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy. (67. Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because ______. D. homeownership could shape a country)

But the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent：Indeed，easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis. Housing remains a drag on the economy. Existing-home sales in April dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a double-dip. And all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped. ( 68. The underlined sentence in Para. 2 means ______ D. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears) The real story is deeper and darker still.

For the better part of a century，politics，industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house. Homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades；it has provided stability to tens of millions of families. Yet by idealizing the act of buying a home，we have ignored the downsides. In the bubble years，lending standards slipped dramatically，allowing many Americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing. And we ignored longer-term phenomena too. Homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods.( 69. It can be inferred from Para. 3 that ______ C. many Americans choose to live out of urban areas) It fed America’s overuse of energy and oil. It made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another. Perhaps worst of all，it helped us become casually self-deceiving：By telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores，we avoided dealing with these frightening issues head-on.

Now，as the U.S. recovers from the biggest housing bust（破产）since the Great Depression，it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership are—and how much money we want to spend chasing them. Many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs.

67. Political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because ______.

A. owning a home was undoubtedly good D

B. homeownership was unconquerable

C. houses could save families and America

D. homeownership could shape a country

68. The underlined sentence in Para. 2 means ______. D

A. homeownership has quite a lot of bad effects

B. there might be another housing breakdown in the U.S.

C. the existing-home sales will keep decreasing in the U.S.

D. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears

69. It can be inferred from Para. 3 that ______. C

A. it is hard for Americans to get a home loan [来源：学。科。网Z。X。X。K]

B. it is the way to wealth to have one’s own house

C. many Americans choose to live out of urban areas

D. homeownership has made many people out of work

70. What is the author’s attitude towards homeownership？ C

A. Favorable.

B. Ambiguous.

C. Cautious.

D. Optimistic.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。

“Look it up in the dictionary” is the usual comment when people are in doubt about the meaning or spelling of a word. Diction aries are considered the final authority on these matters as well as on pronunciations and other facts about a word.

Until a few hundred years ago，however，people could not “look it up” because there were no English dictionaries. The ancient Greeks and Romans and the scholars of the Middle Ages had made lists of Latin and Greek words. 71 (因为上下句为过去时，所以此处必填过去时，在F和G选项中选择。下句中出现了年代，所以此处选择有年代的选项。G. But it was not until 1604 that a book of uncommon English words appeared.) The first great English dictionary listing both common and uncommon words was written by Samuel Johnson in 1755.

In America，the most famous name in dictionary writing is that of Noah Webster. He stressed American rather than British ways of speaking. His great dictionary，which first appeared in 1828，has been republished many times. 72 (A. Each time，it has been updated.) The latest edition is still considered “the” dictionary. It defines over 450，000 words，including radar，television and many others undreamed of by Webster.

73 (根据下文综合字典的含义可以得知E项正确。E. Dictionaries that list all kinds of words are known as general dictionaries.) The huge ones that rest on stands in libraries are called unabridged，meaning “not shortened.” They tell not only a word’s meaning and spelling but also its pronunciation，origin，history，part of speech，grammatical forms，and ways of use. The smaller ones do not provide all this information.

74 (根据下文介绍多种字典，可知B项正确。B. General dictionaries are not the only kind) A bilingual dictionary，such as a Spanish-English dictionary，translates words from one language into another. A thesaurus lists other words that mean the same as each listed word. A gazetteer lists place names，and a glossary is a small dictionary in a book defining technical words in that book. There are also dictionaries of scientific terms and ones on many other topics. There is even a dictionary of slang. 75 (C. Thus there are many kinds of special dictionaries) The dictionary is one of our most valuable language tools.

A. Each time，it has been updated.

B. General dictionaries are not the only kind.

C. Thus there are many kinds of special dictionaries.

D. In a general dictionary，each word may have multiple meanings.

E. Dictionaries that list all kinds of words are known as general dictionaries.

F. Over the previous 150？years more than 20 dictionaries had been published.

G. But it was not until 1604 that a book of uncommon English words appeared.

第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

情景作文（20分）

假设你是某校高二(1)班学生李华。下面是你校布告栏里张贴的“征集接待家庭”的通知，请根据其内容用英语写一封申请信。词数不少于60。

注意：信的开头和结尾已经给出（不计入词数）。

Dear Sir/ Madam，

I am Li Hua from Class One，Senior Two. _________________________________________

I would appreciate it if my application is taken into account.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

（15分版）

Dear Sir/ Madam，

I am Li Hua from Class One，Senior Two. I’m writing in reply to the notice for host families. I think I have several reasons to accommodate one foreign friend. First，I believe my English is good enough to communicate with foreigners. Also，my good communication skills enable me to keep a good relationship with others. As for accommodation，my family live in a 4-room apartment and there is always a spare room for the guest. In addition，my home is very convenient in transportation. Its location makes it easy to take either subways or buses to most places. I have also got support from my parents，who said yes without hesitation when informed of my wish.

I would appreciate it if my application is taken into account.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

(请务必将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内)

第二节开放作文（15分）

请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。

In your spoken English class，your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.

可以接受的立意：

以第二、三小孩立意：积极、坚持、有毅力、有决心、努力才会成功

以第一个小孩立意：心态决定成功、放松才能成功、自信才能成功

重在参与、享受过程等

三、Possible Version 1

In the picture，along the tracks come three runners. The one who takes the lead wears a smile on his face，despite the great distance he has covered. The other two，with sweat streaming down their faces，are clearly tired from running.

What the picture tries to convey is that success belongs to those who can keep up a good state of mind faced with life challenges. The smile on the face of the runner in the lead suggests that he enjoys the race，regardless of the hard work he has to devote. This definitely makes him stand out among the other competitors，who wear serious and painted expressions on their faces. Life is sometimes like a race with tracks stretching long. A good state of mind can actually bring out our best.

Possible Version 2

In the picture，three boys are running along the tracks. The first boy is running with ease and confidence. The last boy falls far behind，but he is still going all out for the race，with his teeth clenched.

It dawns on me that whatever situation we find ourselves in，never should we lose hope but press ahead. Standing a slim chance of catching up with the other two ahead of him，the persistent boy in the last place shows no sign of giving up and works even harder. His perseverance demonstrates a profound meaning in life. It often happens that hard as we may try，our efforts do not yield satisfying results. However，as long as we persevere in our determination and efforts，we are the champion of our own life “race”.

2017年北京市海淀区高三二模文综地理(高清版含答案).docx

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