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when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前

when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。

①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to 后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。

3．①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

②When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，

I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。

3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。① As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之

意）② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as th e height increases．随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。

③As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

④The little girls sang as they went句子如下：

That day, I was doing my homework ___ my younger bro ther was watching TV. Suddenly the doorbell rang. A.wh en

B.while

C.before

D.after

when 和while都可以表示“两个动作同时发生”的含义，此时它们的不同之处在于while 有表示“对比”的含义，

如题目中一人在做作业，一人在看电视，强调两人做不同的事情，有对比的含义

when和while都可以用在多种行为或情况同时发生。具体情况有下面四种：

1.我们经常用when和while引导时间状语从句引出一个大的背景，而在这个背景之下发生发生了主句所描述的行为。

i.e.Somebody broke into the house when/while they wer

e playing cards. 他们在打牌的时候有人闯进了房子。

2.当表示两个长时行为与情况同时发生时，用while 而不用when.

i.e.While you were reading the paper, I was working.你在读报时，我在工作。 3.when引导的从句表示在主句中描述的大背景下发生了另一行为。这时不能用while. i.e.I was asleep in my chair when Dora rang to say she wasn't coming home.我睡觉的时候，多利给我打电话说她不会回家。

4.当表示年龄或是生命中的一段时间时，用when而不用while. i.e.When I was a child we lived in London. 我小时候住在伦敦

(专题精选)初中英语语法知识—非谓语动词的经典测试题及答案解析

一、选择题 1．We should try our best to prevent the air pollution________. A．from living a better life B．to live a better life C．live a better life D．lives a better life 2．—Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV. A．play;stay B．to play;to stay C．play;to stay D．to play;stay 3．—I didn't hear you come in just now. —That's good. We tried________any noise, for you were sleeping. A．not make B．not to make C．to make D．making 4．If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me. A．who will you talk with B．who to talk C．who to talk to D．who you will talk 5．Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor. A．running B．run C．runs 6．She couldn’t help ________ when she heard the death of her grandmother. A．cry B．to cry C．crying D．to crying 7．—What do you think is the most important rule for a drive? —He or she must avoid_______ after drinking. A．driving B．no driving C．not to drive D．to drive 8．Young people enjoy ________ pop music. A．to listen to B．listen C．listening to D．to listen 9．We should do what we can _________ animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 10．（2016天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. A．took B．takes C．to take D．taking 11．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 12．I used to . But now I get used to doing everything. I’m successful at last. A．give up; keeping B．giving up; keeping C．giving up; keep D．give up; keep 13．We should do sports _________ us ________ fit. So I play basketball every day. A．to help; keep B．help; keeps C．help; keep D．to help; keeping 14．---I think you should stop ______ him in English. ---I see. He ca n’t understand English at all. Let me try in French.

定语从句与非谓语动词的转换

定语从句和非谓语动词是高中阶段重要的两大语法项目。定语从句的应用可以使语言表达更精确更生动，显得使用者具有较高的英语文化底蕴，但也是中学英语的难点语法项目，许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时，感到很难理解。若将其简化，理解起来就比较简单了。而非谓语动词的正确使用，就可以使定语从句的理解容易化，简单化，而且使语句简练、更有文采。掌握二者的转换，有助于我们更好的理解其用法，并能够自如地运用。下面我就着重谈谈如何将定语从句转换成非谓语动词以及转换时应注意的事项。 1定语从句转换成不定式“to do”。定语从句的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词或含有序数词the next，the last等时，该定语从句转换为不定式“to do”. （1）The plane which will arrive is from Hubei. →The plane to arrive is from Hubei。（2）The students will go to a party that will be held in our class at 7：45. →The students will go to a p arty to be held in our class at 7：45. （3）He was the first boy who came to school. →He was the first boy to come to school. .2定语从句可转换成为“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句和“介词+关系代词或副词+不定式”充当的定语，可以相互转换。被这种定语修饰的名词往往在逻辑上充当不定式动作的地点、时间或工具。例：（1）She wanted a room in which she could do her homework. →She wanted a room in which to do her homework. （2）She had only a pen with which she can write. →She had only a pen to write with.或She had only a pen with which to write. 注：定语从句转换成“介词+ 关系代词+不定式”时，此时的不定式一定是及物动词，如是不及物动词，则需在动词后面加上相应的介词。这个介词可提前到关系代词前面，也可留在句尾。前者是正式说法后者是非正式说法。而且上例中动词不定式与句子主语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，否则就不能简单地把作定语的不定式都变成此结构。 “He is looking for a place for his friend to live in”这句话。我们就不能将句中的a place for his friend to live in改为a place to live in或a place in which to live。 3.1定语从句可以转换为现在分词（短语）如果定语从句的谓语是主动语态，且发生的时间与主句的谓语所表示的动作所发生的时间同时，此时可以将定语从句转换成现在分词短语）。（1）Have you ever talked to the girl who is dancing to music over there？→Have you ever talked to the girl dancing to music over there？（2）The question that is being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. →The question being discussed is about how to improve living conditions. .2定语从句可以转化为过去分词（短语）如定语从句的谓语是被动语态，或是“系动词+过去分词（表语）”结构，且从句的谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是在主句的谓语之前发生或无明确的时间。此时，我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。有时定语从句谓语虽然是主动语态.但它表示的动作在主句谓语之前就已经完成，这时我们可以将定语从句转换成过去分词（短语）。（1）The report that was made yesterday will be discussed today. →The report made yesterday will be discussed today. （2）The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful.

非谓语动词和从句的转换

非谓语动词和从句的转换---- 一.不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor.(=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way.(=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.) 2.不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句 (1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补)(=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语)(=That he hadn’t invited her.) 3不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句 (1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible.(=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding) 4.不定式（短语）在句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句 (1).The question will be discussed at the conference shortly to open in Beijing. (=that is shortly to open in Beijing) (2).All dead, I was the only one to grow up. (=that grew up) 5.不定式（短语）在句中作目的．结果状语.，相当于一个目的．结果状语从句 (１).He came to the area in order/so as to study the folk music there.(=in order/so that) (2).The lady was so excited as not to say a word.(=so excited that she couldn’t…)

初中非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）【考点概述】非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性，但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的，在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的，在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。【考点释义】考点一：不定式（1）构成：to+动词原形（do）如： I like to swim. 注意：不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类，但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如：I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。（2）句法功能： 1. 作主语在英语中为了避免头重脚轻，当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”，将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如： ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下：当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”，反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.（不成立）由于不能构成主谓关系，所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系，所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。（表想，希望） ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。（表打算，决定）【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下： want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系，宾补成立的条件唯此一条。接不定式作宾补的动词有：“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、

定语从句与非谓语动词

二．定语从句：定语从句三步：第一找出先行词（被修饰的那个名词或代词）；第二看从句缺少什么成份（如主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的引导词。注意：引导词在介词后，指人只能用whom 指物只能用which 高考对定语从句的考查常涉及以下几个方面：【考点6】正确区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的结构；理解关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的作用；特别注意指代整个主句内容的关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句，从意义上来说，是对主语的补充说明，从结构上来看，先行词和定语从句之间用逗号隔开，He makes great progress in his English learning, which makes his mother very happy. ⑧I shall never forget the day _____ Shenzhou V was launched, _____ has a great effect on my life. A. when; which B. that; which C. which; that D. when; that (2004北京东城) 【考点7】关系代词that，who，which以及as的用法区别。指人时常只用who不用that的情况；指物时只用which不用that的情况；只用that不用which的情况；关系代词as与which的用法区别； the same … that … 与the same … as …的区别: 1 其中that, who(whom)，都可以指人，那么他们在指人时有什么区别呢。[本条记忆技巧：用who 不用that 的情况 “there be” “one，ones，anyone，nobody, those ” 被分割。那里有(there)很多万(one)被那些人(those)分割。] <1>先行词为those, one, anyone, nobody 等词时，用who不用that,例如：The one who knows me well is Tom. <2>在分隔型定语从句中，若先行词是人，用who不用that, 例： A new teacher will come who will teach you German. 在本句中，先行词“teacher”和修饰限定它的从句“who will teach you German ”分离，所以我们用who 不用that。 <3>先行词为“there be”结构的主语时，例如 There is a man who wants to see you. 在本句子当中a man是There is a man 这句当中的主语，所以用who不用that 2其中，that 和which 都可以指物，它们在指物时的区别：用that不用which <1>先行词前有形容词最高级,序数词,all, every, little, no, any, much, the only, the very, the last 等修饰时，例如： I have read all the books that you gave me. <2>先行词为all, few, nothing, everything, little, much等不定代词时： He did all that he could do to help us. <3>主语以who或which开头时 Who is the man that just called you just now? <4>关系代词在从句中做表语时 China is not the country that is was. <5>既指人又指物时 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 2, 先行词表示物时, 用which不用that 的情况 <1> 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如: She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth. <2>当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:

非谓语动词于从句的相互关系及转换

一、非谓语动词转换成从句 1. Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That _________ helps him in learning English. 2. Her being out of work was unexpected. ____________ was unexpected. 3. I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that___________________. 4. He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests _________________________. 5. Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that ___________________ 6. The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is _______________________. 7. We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which____________ 8. The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man __________________ is my father. 9. On arriving there, I will telephone you. __________________, I will telephone you. 10. While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. __________, I caught sight of her. 11. He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) __________________. He died, with__________（With短语） 12. The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which ______is very important. 13. The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy _______________is my brother. 14. I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) ___________ and ____________ 15. (If) heated, water will turn into steam. ________________, water will turn into steam. 16. Don't speak until spoken to. Don't speak _____________________ 17. When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where _________ is unknown yet. 18. They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed ______________________ 19. I don't know what to do with the matter. I don't know ______________

初中非谓语动词最全总结

初中非谓语动词最全总结 1、动词： finish doing sth、完成做某事；enjoy doing sth、喜欢做某事；practice doing sth、练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth、避免做某事；consider doing sth、考虑做某事；suggest doing sth、建议做某事；mind doing sth、介意做某事； keep doing sth、持续做某事 allow 允许resist抵抗miss错过advise建议stand(忍受)risk冒险forgive escape admit 2、固定短语： feel like doing sth、喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth、忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth、花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing或have a good/great time doing做某事高兴prevent…from d oing阻止be busy doing忙着做help sb with doingkeep on持续 put off推迟feel like想要 3、介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth、；thank you for doing sth、；give up doing sth、；stop sb、 from doing sth、；do well in doing sth、；be afraid of doing sth、；

(完整版)非谓语动词与从句的转换

知识讲解知识点1：不定式（短语）与从句的关系 1.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。 (1).To be able to help you is really an honor. (=That I’m able to help you) (2).He seemed to know the way. (=It seemed that he knew the way.) (3).Bush is said to have decided to attack North Korea. (= It is said that Bush has decided to attack North Korea.)

2.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句(1).We still don’t know when and where to build a school.(宾语) (=when and where we should build a school) (2).I advised him to go and see the doctor.(宾补) (=that he should go and see) (3).He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. .(宾语) (=That he hadn’t invited her.)

3.【考查点】：不定式（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).My suggestion is for them to leave as soon as possible. (=that they should leave) (2).My chief purpose has been for them to get a good understanding. (=that they can get a good understanding)

初中非谓语动词最全总结

非谓语动词总结一．后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况 1.动词：finishdoingsth.完成做某事；enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事；practicedoingsth.练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；considerdoingsth.考虑做某事；suggestdoingsth.建议做某事；minddoingsth.介意做某事；keepdoing sth.持续做某事 doing值得做某事；spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事；havedifficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴 3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等) 如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb.from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested indoing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of 4.to作介词的情况lookforwardtodoingsth期望做某事； preferdoingsth.todoingsth与…相比较更喜欢…；pay attention to doing注意做某事；be/get used to doingsth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为…做贡献二．后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况 1.动词：agree todo同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide todo决定去做某事；hopeto do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失败去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做；refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do 想要去做；want todo想要去做某事；learntodo学做；prefertodosth.喜欢（爱）做某事；sb.seemtodo sth好像做某事；want/would like to do sth.想做……；used to do sth.过去常做某事 2.句型. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人去做某事 asked sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）

定语从句和非谓语做定语的转换

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