虚拟语气试题1精讲

1. She might have been in time for the train, but she _____ late.

A. started

B. has started

C. was to start

D. had started

might have done表示与过去事实相反，but后用一般过去时态表示实际发生的事。

2. I lost your cell phone number, otherwise, I _______ you long before.

A. had called

B. have called

C. would have called

D. should call

时间状语long before，告诉这是对过去的假设，要是知道你的手机号码，我早就给你打电话了。

3.—It’s so near! We should have walked there.

—Yes, a taxi _______ necessary at all.

A. wasn’t

B. isn’t

C. hadn’t been

D. won’t be

根据情态动词+have done判断时态的题目。我们知道这个结构只可能有两种时态：过去时和现在完成时，对话内容是恍然发现目的地离得很近，所以本没必要打车，是对过去的虚拟，表示后悔的心情。真实的过去是坐了出租车的。

4. ________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.

A. Would

B. Should

C. Might

D. If

if...should/were to do...,...would do...这个句式可以倒装，也可理解为省略if和从句主语的省略句，变成：were...to do/should ...do...,...would do...。

5.________ the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier.

A. In spite of

B. Because of

C. But for

D. Due to

这是一个含蓄的if虚拟条件句，相当于:If it hadn’t been f or the traffic jam, we would have arrived earlier. but for=without,要不是。

6. Without your timely help, we _______ in big trouble that day.

A. had been

B. would be

C. would have been

D. were

本题同第五题。相当于if it hadn’t been for your timely help, we would have been in trouble that day.

7. It’s high time you _______ to make the decision yourself.

A. shall learn

B. learn

C. learnt

D. have learnt

It’s high time+从句表建议时要用were式虚拟语气，从句中用过去式。

8. If you ______ me earlier, you ________ sorry now.

A. had l istened to; wouldn’t have been

B. were to listen to; shouldn’t have been

C. had listened to; wouldn’t be

D. listened to; wouldn’t be

此题是一个混合虚拟语气题，从句是对过去的假设，所以根据if虚拟条件句的规则，要用过去完成时，而主句部分讲的是目前的情况所以要用would + do。

9.—I’m feeling terribly drunk now.

—Well, I’d rather you _______ like a fish in the party.

A. didn’t drink

B. hadn’t drunk

C. weren’t drinking

D. not drink

10. The man insisted that he______ nothing wrong and _______ free.

A. did; set

B. had done; should be set

C. do; be set

D. had done; must be set

insist只有表示在建议和坚持别人的意见的时候才用虚拟语气，自己坚持自己的意见时为陈述事实的话就不用虚拟语气。所以他说he had done nothing是事实。后面的句子才是要求，所以后面用“should do”式虚拟语气结构。

11. If only I ______ an umbrella! I was wet through.

A. took

B. should take

C. had taken

D. take

if only引导were式主观愿望虚拟语气句，“如果……就好了”，对过去虚拟用过去完成时。

12. If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t

B.shouldn’t

C. can’t

D. might not

与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分，if + should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。

13. If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.

A. rained

B. rains

C. has rained

D. is raining

if句式对过去虚拟，所以陈述句用过去时。

14. If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d l ike to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A. would

B. could

C. had to

D. ought to

与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分，if + should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。

15. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

A. can manage

B. could have managed

C. could managed

D. can have managed

这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟，所以要用could have done。

16. It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen

B. had not fallen

C. should fall

D. were to fall

如果不是我在七岁时爱上家乡的Melinda Cox图书馆的话，很难想象今天的我会是什么样子。主句描述的是与现在事实相反的事情，从句描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。

17. —Don’t you think it ne cessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？

—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent；that

B. not be sent；that(should) not be sent

C. should not be sent；what

D. should not send；what

18. Look at the troub le I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！

A. followed

B. would follow

C. had followed

D. should follow

wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反，其中be动词用were）/动词过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）/would+动词原型（表示与将来事实相反）。

19．His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence．should do A．will take B．would take C．take D．took

20．The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning．

A．he will be at the factory B．he be at the factory

C．he was at the factory D．he has been at the factory

21．Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable．

A．will wait B．is going to wait C．waits D. wait

22．The housemaster was strict．He requested that we ______ television on week nights．

A．not watch B．must not to watch

C．not be watching D．have not watched

23．It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time．

A．accomplishes B．can accomplish

C．accomplish D．has accomplished

24．It is important that he ____ his decision before Friday．

A．will make B．makes C．make D．must make

25．You look so tired. It's time you ______ ．

A．go to sleep B．went to sleep

C．go to bed D．went to bed

26．I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being．

A．do B．didn't do C．don't D．didn't

27．But for water，it ______ impossible to live in the desert．

A．is B．was C．were D．wouldn't be

28．______ it______ for your help，I couldn't have made any progress．A．Had；not bee n B．Should；not been

C．Did；not been D．Not；be

29．Long ______ the Party！

A．lives B．live C．will live D．should live

30．Mary insisted that Tom ______ her the ring back．

A．gives B．give C．given D．have given

31．My suggestion was that the meeting ______ off till next week．

A．to put B．be put should be put

C．should put D．be putting

32．Mother suggested that I ______ my homework first before watching TV．A．did B．do C．shall do D．have done

33．He insisted that nothing ______ till he arrived.

A．must be started B．ought to be started

C．could be started D．should be started

34．Tom suggests that Ann ______ the house.

A．can sell B．sells

C．sell D．sold

35．It's better that he ______ it from you.

A．will hear B．hears C．should hear D．heard

在It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that...结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）。

36．It was necessary that he ______ about what had happened.

A．be told B．was told C．should tell D．tell

37．It's astonishing that she ______ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her.

A．felt B．should feel C．'ll feel D．would feel

38．It was strange that we ______ short of water in the country where it was always raining.

A．are B．be C．should be D．both B and C

39．It is strange that she ______ marry such an ugly man.

A．would B．should C．shall D．must should带有感情色彩40．It's not right that the meeting ______ off till tomorrow.

A．must be put B．must put C．will be put D．be put 本句带有要求之意，故从句谓语用should型虚拟语气。D项中的should被省略。41．It was impossible that he ______ the train, for he had started out very early.

A．could have missed B．must have missed

C．should have missed D．should miss

本句带有惊讶之意，故从句须用should型虚拟语气。但由于是过去的事情所产生的惊讶，所以用should+不定式完成式。

42．It's a pity that he ______ such a good chance.

A．should miss B．should have missed C．has missed D．all the above

如选A，这表达了说话人对将来的事所发出的感叹，选B则是对已经过去的事情的感叹。选C则是一个直陈语气，即说话人对此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是对此事的陈述。

43．He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.

A．must pay B．ought to pay C．paid D．pay

44．Mr. Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.

A．should do B．should have done C．had done D．did 45．His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.

A．should be told B．should have been told

C．was told D．had been told

suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气。

46．He suggested that we ______ here at once.

A．should leave B．must leave C．left D．ought to leave 47．My order is that everyone ______ their own work in time.

A．must complete B．completed C．completes D．complete 48．We've made the decision that we ______ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.

A．will gather B．are about to gather C．would gather

D．should gather

49．----I'll be waiting for you at home.

---- ______ I were busy and couldn't come?

A．What if B．What when C．How if D．How when What if…？常用于省略疑问句，既可以用于虚拟语气，也可用于直陈语气。本句不省略的形式为What would you do if。

50．After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I ______ even better under harder conditions. ”

A．would do B．would have done C．did D．had done

本句的under引出一个非真实的条件，当然也可以是真实条件。根据上下文，应理解为与过去事实相反，故其谓语动词用would have done。

51．It has been raining for a day, but even though it ______ , we ______ there by tomorrow.

A．hadn't rained, couldn't get B．hadn't rained, can't get

C．didn't rain, couldn't get D．didn't rain, can't get

even though=even if 意为“即使”。它同if一样可以引出一个真实的让步从句，也可以引出一个非真实的让步从句。根据上文，even though是一个非真实的与过去事实相反的让步从句。而主句we can't get there却是一个真实的情况。52．We could not have succeeded ______ your help.

A．but for B．without

C．if it had not been for D．all the above

53．I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend ______ differently when you were in trouble.

A．acted B．had acted

C．would act D．would have acted

从全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently实际上是指一种假设，而when引导的从句又告诉我们，这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have acted。

高考真题

1.（2010高考英语江苏卷）George is going to talk about the geography of his country,

but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

A. focus

B. focused

C. would focus

D. had focused would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式。

2.（2010高考英语上海卷）---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment

yesterday.

---Oh, you _____ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must

B. mustn't

C. should

D. shouldn't

与过去事实相反的虚拟

3.（2010高考英语浙江卷）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount

of time and energy .

虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.

虚拟语气高考历年真题汇总

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