被动语态辅导学案(无答案

专题精讲

【本讲主要内容】

被动语态

【知识总结归纳】

一. 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。

二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换

We Visited that factory last summer →主动语态

主语谓语宾语状语

That factory was visited by us last summer →被动语态

主语谓语宾语状语

三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比

时态主动语态被动语态

一般现在时（1）Do they speak French ? Is French spoken by them ?

p.p. play the next week . A play was going to be put by them the next

week .

情态动词

can / may / must / should + be + p.p. （1）We should hand in our

homework .

（2）You must answer the question

in English .

Our homework should be handed in by us .

The question must be answered in English

by you .

注意：中考被动语态只涉及一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时和情态动词。

四.如何将主动语态变成被动语态

1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。

例1.

主动语态：人们说英语。People speak English in many countries.

被动语态：英语被说。English is spoken in many countries.

例2.

主动语态：我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year.

被动语态：这座桥被建造。This bridge was built last year.

2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。

例1.

主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.

被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.

例2.

主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.

被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.

例3.

主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.

被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.

被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.

【练习】把下列主动语态改为被动语态

1.We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.

2.Has anybody fed the birds?

3.People will never forget the accident.

4.They repair the car in the garage.

5.Someone must turn on the light without your notice.

6.They have found ways to make waste water clean.

7.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.

8.They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.

9.You may write this letter in pencil.

10.They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.（两种）

【题型展示】

1. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week .

A. be given

B. has been given

C. will be given

D. will give

9. You to the meeting , why didn’t you go ?

A. be invited

B. will be invited

C. were invited

D. are invited

10. A lot of trees along the river last year .

A. planted

B. are planted

C. were planted

特殊用法

五、被动语态的特殊结构形式

1) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，如buy,send,pass,show,bring,take,tell等，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结

构中的任意一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.

可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

也可改为 A present was given to him by his mother for his birthday.

2) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

3）在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

4）有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The phone isn’t replied to by t he man.

2．“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置信)，beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及），beyond one’s control（无法控制），beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及。

例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．

3.“above+名词”结构, 表示“(品质、行为、能力等) 超过……、高于……”。

例His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough． 4．“for+名词”结构，表示“适于……、为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等。

例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).

5．“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。

例The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)

6．“on+名词”结构, 表示“在从事…… 中”。常见的有：on sale(出售)，on show（展出）, on trial（受审）。

例Today some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).

7．“o ut of+名词”结构；表示“超出…… 之外“，常见的有：out of control (控制不了)，out of sight （超出视线之外），out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。

例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)．。

8．“within+名词”结构，“在……内、不超过……”。

例He took two days off within the teacher's permission.

建议15min

【实战演练】

一、选择题

( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built

B. Was; built

C. Does; build

D. Did ; build

( )2. An accident ____ on this road last week.

A. has been happened

B. was happened

C. is happened

D. happened

7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)

I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him.

8.They are watching the football match.

The football match _______ _______ _______ by them.

9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)

__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago?

10.They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)

The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out.

11.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态)

The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.

四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。

①The new bike ______ ______ _____ _____ （买给我）by my parents as a present last week．

②_______ your mobile phone _______ _______ ________（是国产的吗）？

③The whole mountain is _________ _________ (覆盖) the snow.

建议15min

什么是被动语态？

被动语态的常见考点有哪些？

错误题目梳理

一. 选择填空

1. The rivers smells terrible People must dirty things into it .

A. be stopped to throw

B. be stopped from throwing

C. stop to throw

D. stop form throwing

2. Paper first invented in China .

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

3. — Do you like the flower ? — Yes , it sweet .

A. is smelling

B. smelt

C. is smelt

D. smells

4. It snowed heavily last night . The ground thick snow .

A. was covered with

B. was filled with

C. was made of

D. covered with

5. The light in the room before you leave .

A. must turn of

B. will turn off

C. are turned

D. must be turned off

6. the kind of question often in your class , Ann ?

A. Does , ask

B. Is , asked

C. Has , asked

D. Will , ask

7. The bridge in three weeks .

A. will build

B. is built

C. will be built

D. builds

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