法律英语重要词汇

法律英语重要词汇Torts

1、Intentional torts:

（1）Intentional torts against person ：

①Assault and battery

②False imprisonment

③Infliction of mental distress

④Defamation (libel and slander)

⑤Invasion of the right of privacy

⑥Misrepresentation

（2）Intentional torts against property ：

①Trespass to land

②Trespass to personal property

③Nuisance

④Conversion

2、Unintentional torts ---Negligence

3、Strict liability.

Quiz 1

1.诽谤，损毁他人名誉n. defamation / adj. defamatory

2.公布，公开n. publication

3.挪用，盗用（公款）v. embezzle / n. embezzlement

4.恶意malice

5.不动产realty ; 动产personalty

6.虚假陈述misrepresentation

7.扣押，拘留v. detain / n. detention

8.留置lien

9.因果关系causation

10.诉讼费用costs

11.特权privilege

12.口头诽谤slander 13.

（对他人不动产的）滋扰或妨害nuisance

14.侵占（他人动产）conversion

15.不可预见的unforeseeable / unforeseeablility

16 可预见性foreseeability

17.跟单买卖documentary sale

18.适当的理由，充分的根据probable cause

19.重新审判的动议motion for new trial

20.公众人物public figure

21.未经他人允许将他人的姓名或肖像擅自用于商业用途

The appropriation of a person’s name or picture for commercial purposes without permission

22.法定（为法律所认定或认可）的损害

Legally recognizable damage (injuries)

23.事实上的原因actual cause (causation in fact)

24.对财产的绝对占有权（排它性的财产占有权）

The right to excusive possession of the property

25.分摊过失，共同过失contributory negligence

26.最后无危险机会原则the last clear chance doctrine

27.提单和保单bill of lading & insurance policy

28.陪审团审判the jury trial

29.不顾陪审团裁决而由法官直接判决的动议

Motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict

30.诋毁性的，诽谤性的表述defamatory statements

31.为要丑化某人将信息公布公开

Publication of information that places a person in a false light

32.公共事务matters of public concern

33.近因proximate cause

34.替代性原因superseding cause

35.风险自负assumption of risk

36.相对过失，比较过失comparative negligence

Quiz 2

1.租赁，出租；租期v. / n. lease

2.显失公平，不正当n. unconscionability

3.确定，识别；辨认，鉴定v. identify / n. identification

4.收回，取回，重新获得v. repossess

5.存款，保证金；使沉积，存放n. / v. deposit

6.破产者，无力偿还者；破产的，无力偿还的n. / adj. insolvent

7.信托，委托n. entrustment

8.商销性，适销性n. merchantability

9.免责声明n. disclaimer

10.（合同）相对性n. privity (of contract)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf19152932.html,st clear chance 最后清楚机会，最后明显机会

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/bf19152932.html,parative defenses 相对抗辩，比较抗辩

13.the statute of frauds 反欺诈条款

14.tender of delivery 指示交付

15.fungible goods 可替代货物

16.warehouse receipt 仓单，仓库收据

17.sale-on- approval contract 试用买卖合同

18.sale-or-return contract 准许退货合同

19.insurable interests 保险权益，可保权益

20.product liability 产品责任

1、Battery is the intentiona h l,armfu l or offensive touching or contact of another without his consent.

2、Assault is a n attempt to cause a harmful oroffensive contact with another i fitcauses a reasonable apprehension or fear of immediate threat to his or her physical safety.

3、False imprisonment isthe i ntentional confinementofa person

for a period of time without his consent.

4 、Confinement may result from physical barrier to the plaintiff ’s freedom ofmovement, ortheuse o fphysical force o r

the threat to use physical force against the plaintiff.

5、Defamation refers to unprivileged publication offalse and defamatory statements that injures a person ’s reputation or character.

6、Libel is written defamation and may also be in print, picture,

or in any other permanent, visual f orm.

Libel is actionable without any proof of special damage to the plaintiff (due to its more permanent nature and the

seriousness).

7、Slander is oral or spoken defamation.

Slander is generally notactionable withoutproofofspecial damage (unless the nature ofthe statementis so serious thatit

can be classified as slander per se).

8、Actual malice --- either k nowledge offalsity ora reckless disregard of the truth

9、Compensatory damages

Punitive damages

Nominal damages

10、Invasion ofprivacy is the tort of intentional intrusion into the private affairs of a person.

11、Individual ’s affairs

Matters of public concern

12、False light in the p ublic eyes a rises w hen onepublishes false materials designed to make a person look bad.

13、Public disclosure of private facts about an individual arises when information private in character is exposed to the public.

14、Appropriation occur s whe n a pe r s on’s name,pict ur e o rot he r likeness is used for commercial advantage without his consent.

15、Commercial exploitation

16、Any t ime a p erson,withoutpermission, enters o nto, above,or

below the surface of land that i s owned by another or causes anything to enter onto the land, or remains on the land or permits anything to remain on it, such action constitutes the civil tort called a “Trespass to land ”.

Trespass is thatthere must be an actual (physical), tangible interferences .

No actual harm to the land is required for liability of “Trespass to land ”.

17 、Nuisance is theunreasonable andunlawful interference with another person ’s right to the use or enjoyment of his land. Nuisance does not necessarily involve any physical

interferences of a perso’sn p roperty. For nuisance liability to exist, the interference must be substantial and unreasonable. Nuisance example: noise, smoke, vibrations, the projection of light, unpleasant smell …

18 、Whenever any individual unlawfully harms the personal property ofanother o rotherwise interferes with the personal

property owner’s rightto exclusive possession and enjoymentof

that property, trespass to personal property (personalty) occurs.

19、Conversion is theintentional and unlawful exercise ofcontrol

or dominion (power) over the personal property of another without his consent.

Conversion is defined as any act depriving an owner of personal property without that owner’s permission and without just cause.

20、Negligence ---the unintentional causing of harm that could have been prevented if the defendant had acted as a reasonable and prudent person .

21、The reasonable person standard --a reasonable person of ordinary prudence in similar circumstances

22、greater reluctance

23、Causation- --a c losecausal connection between Defendant ’s conduct and Plaintiff ’s injury.

24、Actual cause (cause in fact) - - The defendant’ s conductis the actual cause of the plaintiff’s injury if that injury would not

have occurred but for the defendant’s breach of duty.

A but for test :(to determine the existence of actual cause)

25 、This idea of placing some legal limit on a negligent defendant’s liability for the consequences of her actions is called P r oximate cause (legal cause) , which is a question notof fact, but of l aw and social policy.

Although a defendant ’s conduct may have been the actual cause of a particular plaintif’s f injur y,she/he isliable only ifhis/he r conduct was also the proximate (legal) cause of that injury.

26、Superseding/ Intervening forces(cause)--- a superseding or intervening force may break the connection between a wrongful act and injury to another.

27、Actual / proximate / superseding cause

Negligent actual cause Injuries

Conduct But for test(A+B+C…)

Negligent Proximate cause Injuries

Conduct Foreseeablility(A+B)

Negligent Conduct Intervening force Superseding cause

Injuries

(Un f oreseeablility)

28、Assumption of risk---a plaintiffwho voluntarily e nters i nto

a risky situation, knowing the risk involved, will notbe a llowed t o recover.

29 、The doctrine of contributory negligence provides that plaintiffs who fail to exercise reasonable care for their own

safety are totally barred from any recovery if their contributory negligence is a substantial factor in producing their injury; where both parties have been negligence, and their combined negligence has contributed to cause the injury.

30、the doct rine of comparative negligence-t-h-e doctrine enables both the plaintiff ’s and defendant ’s negligence to be computed, and the liability for damages distributed accordingly.

31、L a stclear c hance is a doctrine that can excuse the effect of a plaintiff’s contributory negligence.

32、Strict liability (liability without fault)---liability for injury is imposed for reasons other than f ault.

33、Firm offer - -mustbe made by a merchantin a signed writing

which contains assurances thatthe offer will be held open and

not revoked.

34、Additional terms

35、Any a greementmodifying a contractneeds no consideration

to be binding.

Modifications must be made in g ood faith.

When modification without consideration requires a writing.

36、Statute of fraud--- Ifthe c ontractprice i s $500 ormore,

there must be a writing in order for the contract to be enforceable.

37、Parol Evidence Rule

38、Unconscionability

39 、Identification ---is a designation of goods as the subject matter of the sales contract, which can be made only by separating the contractgoods from the mass.(a few exceptions)

40、fungible foods

41、risk of loss

42、Tender of deliver--y-is the seller’s placing or holding of conforming goods at the buy’s ed r isposition(with any necessary notice), enabling the buyer to take d elivery.

43、A sale on approval is not a sale until the buyer accepts (approves) the offer. Title and risk remains with the seller.

The buyer 44、A sale or return isa sale t hatcan be r escinded b y the b uyer

without liability. Title and risk remains with the buyer.

45、 Insurable interest--- the right to purchase insurance on goods to protect one ’s property rights and interest in the goods.

gains an insurable interest when the goods are identified to the contract.

The seller h asan insurable interestin goodsaslong ashe o r

she retains title to the goods.

46、the v oidabletitle rule-- a person who has a voidable title to goods can pass good title to a bona fide purchaser for value

47、the entrustment rule---a person who buys goods in t he ordinary course ofa dealer ’s business takes fre e ofany claim of a person who entrusted those goods to the dealer.

48 、 Warranty of title -- guarantees the seller’s right to transfer goods to a later buyer.

49 、Warranties of performance are designed to encourage honesty in transactions because they assure the buyer that the goods will conform to certain standards of performance.

50、Good title-- The s ellerwa r ants t hat s he h as good and valid title and the r ightto transfer t he goods. Ifthe seller ’s title proves defective, the buyer has a right to recover damages from the seller.

No liens ---The seller also warrants that she will deliver the goods free from any security interests or liens which the buyer did not know about at the time they contracted.

No infringements --- A merchant also warrants to the buyer thatthe goods do not violate or infringe on a third person ’s patents, copyrights or trademarks .

51、Express warranties are the guarantees which resultfrom

the parties ’expectations, and they arise from the specific words oftheparties and mustbecome p artofthe b asisoftheir bargain.

52、Implied warranties are imposed by Article 2 of the UCC.

A.the warranty of merchantability

B.the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose

53、The foreign-natural tes i t s applied whenever consumers

discover some substance within food or drink that they feel should not be there.

54 、The reasonable-expectation test is the court ’s way of asking what a reasonable person would expect to find in food or drink—even if the substance is not foreign.

55、Implied warranty of merchantability - - An implied wa r anty

of merchantability automatically arises in every sale of goods made by a merchant who deals in goods of the kind sold.

56 、Implied war anty offitnes for a particular purpose --- arises when any seller (merchant or non-merchant) knows the particular purpose for which a buyer will use the goods and knows t hatthe b uyer is r elying on the s eller ’s skill and judgment to select suitable goods.

57、How to make “Express warranty disclaimers ”:

A.in language that is specific, clear and unambiguous

B.in language that is called to a buyer ’s attention

58、How to make “Implied warranty disclaimers ”:

（1）the implied warranty of merchantability

oral .

A. use the word merchantability

B. make the disclaimer conspicuous if it is in writing

（2） the implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose

A. use a writing

B. make the disclaimer conspicuous

The difference between merchantability warranty disclaimer

and fitness warranty disclaimer

A. Unlike t he fitness wa r anty disclaimer, a disclaimer o fthe implied warranty of merchantability can b e

B. Disclaimers of the merchantability must always use the word “merchantability ”. No special words are needed to disclaim the fitness warranty.

59、Privity of contract

60、Product liability ---based on negligence

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm 民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality 自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice 等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith 行为act 作为ac 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act 民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation

法律英语词汇大全

法律英语词汇大全 在法律领域，理解和掌握法律英语词汇是非常重要的。本文将为您提供一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，以帮助您更好地理解和应用法律英语。 一、法律系统与机构 1. Legal system - 法律体系 2. Judiciary - 司法机关 3. Court - 法院 4. Judge - 法官 5. Lawyer/attorney - 律师/律师 6. Prosecutor - 检察官 7. Plaintiff - 原告 8. Defendant - 被告 9. Jury - 陪审团 10. Witness - 证人 二、合同法 1. Contract - 合同 2. Offer - 供应

3. Acceptance - 接受 4. Consideration - 对价 5. Mutual assent - 相互同意 6. Breach of contract - 违约 7. Performance - 履行 8. Termination - 终止 9. Damages - 损害赔偿 三、刑法 1. Crime - 犯罪 2. Offense - 违反 3. Felony - 重罪 4. Misdemeanor - 轻罪 5. Homicide - 杀人罪 6. Robbery - 抢劫罪 7. Theft - 盗窃罪 8. Assault - 袭击罪 9. Burglary - 入室盗窃罪

10. Arson - 纵火罪 四、知识产权 1. Intellectual property - 知识产权 2. Patent - 专利 3. Trademark - 商标 4. Copyright - 版权 5. Infringement - 侵权 6. Royalties - 版权使用费 五、公司法 1. Corporation - 公司 2. Shareholder - 股东 3. Board of directors - 董事会 4. Corporate governance - 公司治理 5. Merger - 合并 6. Acquisition - 收购 7. IPO (Initial Public Offering) - 首次公开发行 六、国际法

法律英语词汇整理

Part One Basis of Legal English 公证人：notary 专门名词；术语：terminology 故意的；蓄意的：deliberate 责任：obligation 对等的，互惠的：reciprocal 分期付款：instalment 上述的；前述的：aforesaid 不当：inappropriate 审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal 否认：negative 诉讼：litigation 赔偿；补偿：compensation 提起（申请等）；提起（诉讼等）；把……登记备案：file 质询（书）：interrogatories 否定：denial 小册子：booklet 常设的；永久的：permanent 调解、调停：mediation 法官；裁判官；法官席：bench 一致的：unanimous 强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory 财产保全；查封；扣押：attachment 赔偿金：damages 泄露：divulge 举证责任：theburdenofproof 宪法的：constitutional 入侵：invasion 租约：lease 成文法：statute 样式条款：boilerplate clause 无效的：null and void 其他以外：inter alia= among others ：abatement 将……遗赠：bequeath 起源：provenance 扣押：seizure 本金：the principal sum 规定，条款：provision 立遗嘱者：testator 承租人：tenant 等同；同价物：equivalent 终止：termination 开端：commencement 制定：formulation 恐吓，威胁：intimidate 议会，国会：parliament 不可撤销的：irrevocable 拆分；分立：split 传唤；传讯：summon 诉讼当事人：litigant 辩解；申诉；事实陈述：allegation 伪证；伪证罪：perjury 庭外采证：deposition 控告（某人）犯罪：impeach （法庭上证人的）证词：testimony 仲裁：arbitration 无陪审团员的审判：bench trail （陪审团的）裁决，判决，结论：verdict 批捕令；搜查令：warrant 留置权，扣押权：lien 欺诈，误导：deceive 侵权：infringement 诉讼案件：lawsuit 控告：prefer 动产：chattel 执行者：executor 诉状：pleading 公司面纱：corporate veil 全部，所有的人：all and sundry 保释：bailment 宣告无效：annul 报酬：emolument 扣押财物：distress 拘押：hold 合适和恰当：fit and proper 争议，纠纷或索赔：dispute ，controversy or claim 承诺, 同意和契约：promise ，agree and 储蓄：deposits covenant

法律英语词汇

法律英语词汇 1.法律职业/律师职业the bar 法官职业the bench 2. 律师协会The Bar Association 3. （律师）执业practice law 4. 执业律师practicing lawyer 5. 出庭辩护/代理诉讼advocacy 6. 法律咨询counselling 7. 法律文件的起草drafting of legal instruments 8. 法律文件legal instruments 9. 单独执业者single/individual practitionre 10. 合伙关系partnership 11. 薪水律师salaried lawyer 12. 律师业务law practice 13. 专职法律顾问house counsel/corporate counsel（公司或团体法律顾问） 14．辩护人/律师advocate 15. 私人开业private practice 16. 州检察官/律师state prosecutor/state attorney 17. 地区检察官/律师district attorney 18. 起诉检察官/公诉律师prosecuting attorney 19. 检察系统prosecutorial system 20. 联邦检察官federal prosecutor 21. 地方检察官local prosecutor 22. 助理检察官assistant prosecutor 23. 检察行业prosecutorial profession 24. 个人尊严the integrity of the individual 25. 机会均等equality of opportunity 26. 职业道德规范ethics codes 27. 听证会hearings

法律常用英语单词

法律常用英语单词

A Ab initio Ab initio是拉丁文，其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”，可以直接翻译为“自始”。在法律英语中，ab initio的使用频率较高，比较常见。如：ab initio mundi（有史以来），void ad initio（自始无效）等。 Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。 Acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger

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采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条 source legal provisions 产权转让 conveyancing 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip 出guo深造 further study abroad 出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena 辩论状 answer; reply 代理词 representation 代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration 代写文书 drafting of legal instruments 待决案件 pending case 当事人陈述 statement of the parties 第三人 third party 撤消执业证 revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录 investigative record

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