高中英语 虚拟语气导学案最终版

虚拟语气

基础知识：

I. 语气的定义和种类

l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

2、语气的种类：(1) 陈述语气：(2) 祈使语气: (3) 虚拟语气

II. 虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法

条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是。If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.

如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是。在这种中的谓语用语气。If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

Ⅲ. 非真实条件句中虚拟语气的三种情况：

Appreciate a poem

If I hadn’t met you, I wouldn’t have realized the sense of my life. ①

If I knew your telephone number, I should call you now . ②

If you were at my side now, I would leave all sorrows behind. ③

May in the future

Only you share joys and sorrows with me.

Only you stay with me on the sad days.

Only you hug me on a dark night.

If you married /should marry me one day, I would make you the happiest woman in the world. ④If I were to set a time limit for this love, it would be 10,000 years. ⑤

以上句子中，虚拟条件句中动词的正确使用为：

即：①与______事实相反，从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与______事实相反，从句中用一般过去时形式表示。

③与______ 事实相反，从句中用过去时/过去将来时形式表示。

Practice 1: Red wolf—Grey wolf:

If you____________(catch) some sheep yesterday, I _____________(not hit) you with the pan.

If I _________(eat) mutton now, I _______(be)so happy.

If I _________(be) you, I ______________ (think) hard to find a perfect method.

If you __________(not catch) any sheep tomorrow, you ____________(not return) home.

1. If省略句：如果条件状语从句的谓语动词包含were、had、should等时，有时可省略if，将were、had、should等放在条件状语从句的的主语之前。

eg: (1) If I were at school again, I would study harder.

Were I at school again, I would study harder.

(2) If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.

_______________________, you would have caught the bus.

(3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

_________________ , we would not go climbing.

(4) If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now.

____________________, I would go abroad now.

2. 若省略的条件句中谓语动词是否定形式，则不能用动词的缩略形式。

. 我们可以用otherwise、or和以with、without或but for开头的短语代替if从句来表示隐含的虚拟语气。

eg: (1) I’m too busy now, otherwise /or I would help you do the work.

I’m too busy now,if l had time now, I would help you do the work.

*** Without your help (If it had not been for your help), we could not have succeed.

(2) With more money, I could help more people in need.

_______________, I could help more people in need.

(3) Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.

_____________________________, people working on the projects would not be encouraged.

(4) But for the help from the UN, those women would not have been able to set up their shop.

_________________________, those women would not have been able to set up their shop.

4. 根据主从句所说明的时间概念，虚拟条件句又可以分为单一虚拟条件句和混合虚拟条件句。

混合虚拟条件句：很多情况下, 从句和主句并不与同一时间的事实相反.

If you my advice, your English much better.

如果当时你听了我的话，现在你的英语就会好多了.

( 从句与相反，主句与相反)

If he a kind-hearted man, he such a man as you that day.

如果不是他这人很好心的话，那天他决不会帮助一个像你这样的人的.

( 从句是与相反的假设，主句表示与相反的假设.) If it for you, I make another trip there tomorrow.

如果不是你的话，我明天还要再走一趟.

( 从句与相反，主句与相反.)

IV、虚拟语气其他要点

（与现在事实相反）wish + 宾语从句的谓语动词用（与过去事实相反）

（与将来事实相反）

eg: (1) I wish that there ___________(be) no wars in the world.

(2) I wish I ______________(meet) that film star yesterday.

(3) W e wish Mr Smith ______________(attend) the meeting tomorrow.

(4) How I wish you _________________(not give) him my telephone number, but you did.

（与现在或将来事实相反）

would rather + 宾语从句谓语动词用（与过去事实相反）

eg: (1) I would rather they __________(leave) here right now.

(2) I would rather you _____________(not tell) me about it last week.

(3) I’d rather you __________(come) next week.

名词性从句中：用于表示建议、要求、命令等词后的宾语从句表语从句或同位语从句中中，

常见动词有：

从句中谓语动词用：should + do，should可以省略。

eg: (1) *He suggested that we ___________(start) off early the next day.

(2) The situation required that everyone _____ _____(be) present.

(3) *They insist that the boy __________(go) with them.

(4) The doctor ordered that the patient ____________(send) to hospital without delay.

注意：(5) *The smile on his face suggested that he _____________(be) satisfied with our work.

(6) *The man insisted that he _____ never __________(steal) the money.

eg: (1) W e all agreed to his suggestion that we __________(go) to Dalian for sightseeing.

(2) The teacher gave the demand that we ___________(finish) the project within this week.

VII、it is (about/high) time that 句型（到了该做某事的时候）

虚拟语气用于句型It is (about/ high) time + that ，从句中谓语动词用：

eg: (1) It is (about) time that you __ ________________(go) to school.

(2) It is (high) time that the government ________ (take) effective measures to protect the environment. VIII、虚拟语气用于as if / as though引导的表语从句或状语从句中

（与现在事实相反）

从句谓语动词用（与过去事实相反）

（与将来事实相反）

eg: (1) He looks as if ________(be) an artist.

(2) She speaks English so fluently as if she ______________(study) English in American.

IX、虚拟语气用于if only 引导的感叹句中（要是 ... 就好了，但愿 ...）

当堂检测：

Ex1：Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in the brackets in their proper forms.

1. Y ou didn’t let me drive. If we (drive) in turn, you (not get) so tired.

2. it (not be) for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.

3. — Has Mr. Smith recovered now?

— Y es. Who (think) that such a serious illness could be cured?

4. it (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.

5. Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she (get) a job, she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.

6. Much labor would have been saved if electronic computer (invent) before.

8. — W ell done, Jack！—Thanks. But given more time, I (do) it better.

9. He __________________ but for his teacher’s timely advice. (fail)

10. W e ___________________ the work better in that case. (do)

造句：

1. 如果我早上出门带钱了，现在就不如此尴尬了。

2. 要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。

3. 她感觉不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。

4. 我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。

虚拟语气导学案及答案

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