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2020上海高考一模英语分类汇编阅读ABC

【一模汇编】2020届高三英语一模16区（15份）阅读理解（ABC篇）汇编

01.黄浦区

( A )

Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures smashed to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were among the first preservationists to operate in China, and by far the best known. Their efforts have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.

Becoming China’s best architectural historians was no easy accomplishment. The buildings they wanted to save were centuries old, located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through dangerous conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them. Exploring China’s remote areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule (骡子)or on foot. Inns were often dirty, food could be polluted, and there was always risk of violence from rebels, soldiers and robbers.

Their greatest discovery was the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time.

Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most forbidding, forgotten areas to determine its age, including one hideaway inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. “In complete darkness and among the awful smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours. When at last we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our bag. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the importance and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”Liang wrote of the experience in an account included in “Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past.”

56. On their way to the ancient buildings in 1930s, Liang and Lin faced following risks EXCEPT ________.

A. accommodations

B. personal security

C. road conditions

D. vehicles

57. Liang and Lin raised public awareness of _____.

A. documenting smashed historical buildings

B. rebuilding historically valuable buildings

C. saving the oldest temples in China

D. protecting historical buildings

58. While exploring the Temple of Buddha’s Light, __________.

A. Liang and Lin caught insects with awful smell

B. Liang and Lin were forbidden to breathe inside

C. Liang and Lin were pleased at something unhoped for

D. Liang and Lin determined its age by studying bedbugs’ hideaway

59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Creativeness results in discovery

B. Difficulty produces achievement

C. Efforts contribute to happiness

D. Responsibilities make development

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60. Which statement is true of this type of printer?

A. It is a portable printer designed for home and office use.

B. It is a multi-function printer producing high-quality photos.

C. It is an easy-operation printer with a two-year free care pack.

D. It is a wireless-connected printer protected by modified containers.

61. Which of the following words best describe its “ink container”?

A. Adaptable.

B. Automatic.

C. Cost-effective.

D. Eco-friendly.

62. If you order this type of printer online today, ___________.

A. you will receive it tomorrow

B. you can return it without being charged

C. you can get a care pack on discount

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①Risk is something we face daily. However, some people are obviously more willing to take risks than others.

②Biologists appear to have discovered a physical reason that explains why some people are risk-takers. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical that spreads signals between nerve cells. It is linked to the brains reward system and is the chemical that makes us feel good, and scientists believe it to be linked to risk-taking. Our nerve cells have dopamine receptors (接收器)which control the amount of dopamine that each cell receives. But not all receptors may be active. When a person has few active receptors to control the amount of dopamine that is received, a cell can become flooded resulting in an extreme feeling of happiness.

③Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Albert Einstein College of Medicine asked 34 men and women to complete a questionnaire about their risk taking to assess whether they seek new opportunities or are cautious in life. The results of the research were consistent with similar studies carried out with rats, and had the same outcome. It concluded that people who are risk-takers have fewer dopamine receptors than people who are not. This suggests that the rush of pleasure a risk taker receives when a cell becomes flooded with dopamine can become addictive for some people. They therefore pursue new and exciting activities in order to try to repeat this feeling, and as a result their concern for risk becomes considerably reduced.

④Dopamine gives us a biological reason for risk-taking, but scientists believe there may be psychological reasons too. Sensation-seeking is a personality characteristic that describes the desire to find activities that bring us pleasure. In 1964, psychologist Marvin Zuckerman created the sensation-seeking scale. His 40-item questionnaire, still used today, was given to people who were active in seeking new activities, and to people who were more satisfied with a quiet life. While risk-taking is not a characteristic in itself, it is very much associated with sensation-seeking, as a high sensation-seeker does not evaluate risk in the same way that a low sensation-seeker does. A desire to achieve pleasure means that there is a greater willingness to take more risks.

⑤There are both biological and psychological explanations as to why some people may choose to take more risks than others. However, none of these explanations are definitive.

63. If a person has fewer active dopamine receptors, __________.

A. he is less likely to feel happy

B. he is more willing to take risks

C. he will eventually become dopamine-addictive

D. he is poorer at controlling the amount of dopamine

64. The underlined phrase “consistent with” is closest to “__________” in meaning.

A. contrary to

B. in agreement with

C. at the cost of

D. persistent in

65. What can be concluded from paragraph 4?

A. The longing for pleasure may lead to risk taking.

B. A willingness to take more risks can be cultivated.

C. The sensation-seeking scale can help to evaluate risk.

D. High sensation-seekers are more common than low ones.

66. This passage mainly talks about __________.

A. when we learn to take risks

B. how risk-taking benefits us

C. what makes risk-takers

D. why we should take risks

答案：56-59DDCB60-62BCD63-66BBAC

02.宝山区

(A)

Wild Track is an organization that aims to protect endangered animals like rhinos. They use a computer program that runs photos of animal tracks through an algorithm (演算法). Then the program makes the same observations as a tracker would, allowing scientists to know where individual animals go. However, the program itself needs “training”.

It starts with collecting good photos of prints from endangered animals in captivity (圈养). As people send in photos of tracks from animals in the wild, the FIT program can compare it to tracks from animals it “knows.” As the program becomes more accurate, Wild Track hopes it will become a major tool for monitoring any endangered species.

Anyone can help Wild Track by taking images of tracks and sending them to a partner organization called https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c7679517.html,. The only tool you need is a digital camera or cellphone. After finding a clear track, place one ruler along the bottom of the footprint and another along the left side. Below the footprint, place a note containing your exact name and the date. Holding the camera or cellphone directly above the track, take a photo showing the footprint, rulers and note. Later, visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c7679517.html, and follow the instructions on the site to send your photo.

Wild Track needs photos of footprints made not only by animals in captivity but also those living in the wild. In wild places, you should take care not to disturb animals in their natural environment. If you intend to photograph in a wild area that is unknown to you, then you should not go there alone. Instead, go with someone who is familiar with the region and experienced at tracking.

56. How does the writer begin this article about WildTrack?

A. By discussing the software that it employs

B. By praising its recent efforts to raise funds

C. By explaining how and when it was founded

D. By summarizing different opinions about it

57. According to this article, which animals are WildTrack mainly interested in?

A. Those which cause a threat to human settlements

B. Those which are now at risk of becoming extinct

C. Those which have been illegally kept as pets

D. Those which disappeared from the Earth long ago

58. What does this article talk about in detail?

A. A list of locations worth exploring

B. A strategy for acquiring equipment

C. A warning not to engage in hunting

D. A technique containing several steps

59. What does the article suggest doing in wild areas?

A. Admiring the wild landscape

B. Preparing well for wild weather

C. Leaving wild creatures alone

D. Consuming a diet of wild plants

Science fiction paints a future where robots play an important part in

everyday life. A technology firm is trying to make that future a reality

today with an affordable robot called Artibo. Artibo is small. Its brain, or

Al block, is a cube (立方体) that fits in your hand. That block connects to

a motor block and two silicon wheels. Assembled, it’s about four inches

tall.

Artibo is much more than just a robot that you program to move

around. Artibo’s designers want it to provide companionship and be a

resource for learning coding. With its camera, microphone and

connection to a cloud-based Al, it can respond to voice commands or

function like a walkie-talkie (对讲机). It talks like a chatbot and can tell

bedtime stories. It can even help you learn other languages!

Artibo isn’t quite ready for stores yet, though. It’s part of a crowdfunding project. Crowdfunding is a program where you put a request online to a crowd of people. Supporters can then pay large or small amounts to help you finish a project. Artibo will first be available to people who have paid to help bring it into production.

Using computer code to program your own toys is nothing new. LEGO first released a robot kit in 1998. Since then, programmable robots have become one of the best-selling units in the LEGC product line. Programming robots might sound comparable to rocket science, but anyone can program one using nothing more than a tablet or a smartphone and code blocks.

Code blocks allow you to program simple or complex commands by assembling visual blocks of code on the canvas (画布) of a computer screen. Just drag and drop a variety of code blocks from a programming menu, link them together, and watch how your robot responds. In Artibo’s case coding doesn’t stop there. Unlike other similar programmable toys, Artibo will also allow you to write your own code. So as your familiarity with coding increases, you won’t lose interest in Artibo.

60.According to the passage, the purpose of developing Artibo is ______.

A.helping people learn anything they want and providing companionship

B.providing a robot that can move, accompany and help people learn coding

C.chatting with people, telling bedtime stories and supplying languages

D.helping people raise money on line and creating programmable robots

61.What can be concluded from the passage?

A.Programming robots is not really complicated.

B.Programming robots is advanced like a rocket.

C.Programming robots can be used in smartphones.

D.Programming robots used in toys is not new at all.

62.The passage implies that ______.

A.People can programme various orders even without code blocks

B.Anyone can control Artibo freely unlike other programming toys

C.The more familiar you’re with coding, the more you’ll like Artibo

D.Artibo is popular in the world especially among young people

5G, the fifth generation of wireless, promises lightning-fast download speeds and could lay the foundation for high-tech advancements like self-driving cars. But like many new technologies, it's causing concern about potential health issues.

The first generation of wireless introduced mobile phones, and 2G brought texting. 3G laid the groundwork for smartphones, and 4G allowed video streaming and more. 5G is expected to download data 20 times faster than its predecessor (前任), and some experts argue it could be much faster.

Too much of a good thing?

It’s not just about streaming data faster, it’s about streaming more of it. On a 5G network, a user can download a movie instantly, and data will flow between connected objects without delay. The amount of data people use on mobile devices has gone up 40 times since 2010 and is only expected to increase. 5G networks are wireless companies’ attempts to satisfy that demand.

Uncertain effects

The untested nature of 5G, and the extensiveness of its infrastructure(基础设施), has some worried that the increased exposure could have serious health effects.

Wireless safety advocates (倡议人士) have called for more studies on the effects of the exposure, and one group is trying to stop the installment of 5G networks in Chicago’s neighborhoods.

The federal government has safety rules that wireless companies must obey that limit human exposure to radio waves, including frequencies used with 5G.

Wireless industry association CTIA says typical exposure to 5G infrastructure is comparable to Bluetooth devices and baby monitors, and there is no scientific evidence of negative health effects.

Still, assurances from government agencies and industry operators are not enough for Chicago resident Judy Blake. Additional studies on 5G’s health impacts likely wouldn’t soothe her either. She said, “People can’t choose whether or not to be exposed to this radiation.”

“I don’t need another test. The only test that’s going to happen now is people’s lives, ”said Blake, 67.

Only time will tell?

Though little is known about the long-term health impact of the millimeter waves that 5G operates on, some research has shown short-term exposure could be problematic, said Joel Moskowitz, a public health expert at the University of California at Berkeley.

The eyes and sweat glands (腺体) are among several body parts studies have shown could be at risk, Moskowitz said. Insects and plant life could also be affected, he added.

The millimeter waves used in 5G are absorbed by the upper layers of skin, potentially causing the temperature of the skin to rise, said Suresh Borkar, senior lecturer in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology. The effects of extended rises in skin temperature “become a big unknown,” he said.

This isn’t the first time people will come into contact with millimeter waves: They’re also used in airport body scanners, said Lav Varshney, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Still, it’s the first time the high-frequency waves will be used on such a scale, and concerns surrounding new technologies are common throughout history.

“When cars first started replacing horse-drawn carriages, people were afraid of what the health impacts of traveling at high speeds would be,” Varshney said. “There has always been occurrence of this fear.”

63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. 5G is faster but not safe to human beings.

B. 5G features faster and more in transferring.

C. 5G can meet people’s any demand in theory.

D. 5G just makes little impact on people’s health.

64.What can be inferred from the passage?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c7679517.html,limeter waves certainly affect people’s health seriously.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c7679517.html,limeter waves will cause the skin’s temperature to rise.

C.It’s obvious that many scientists object to 5G technology.

D.It’s hard to say whether millimeter waves do damage to health.

65.The word soothe in the last but 7 paragraphs most probably means ______.

A.to make somebody feel calm or less worried.

B. to make somebody feel happy or more excited.

C. to make somebody feel disappointed or less satisfactory.

D. to make somebody feel inspired or more energetic.

66.The best title for this passage is ______.

A. 5G’s Advantages and Disadvantages

B. The Development of Wireless

C. 5G Health Concern

D. 5G Future Prediction

答案：56-59 ABDC 60-62 BAC 63-66 BDAC

03.崇明区

(A)

Every year, the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San Francisco International Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.

Each DanceFest has diversity (多样化) of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.

After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance “Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.

It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya, in any introduction to DanceFest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993. Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.

However, Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she started DanceFest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya’s festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.

56. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The creativity of hip hop.

B. The characteristics and the history of DanceFest.

C. The best instructor of hip hop.

D. The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest.

57. Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully but also _____.

A. dance on the outside of the box

B. give up drinking alcohol before dancing

C. handle social problems with their dance

D. show their technical dance skills in theaters

58. By “dubious reputation” in the last paragraph, the author means hip hop _____ back then.

A. was forbidden in public

B. was considered something bad

C. received too much attention

D. lacked creativity and competition

59. What can be concluded about DanceFest?

A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.

B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.

C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.

D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.

60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_____” in a school’s admissions booklet.

A. Application Procedures

B. Terms and Conditions

C. Frequently Asked Questions

D. Acknowledgement and Declaration

61. What can be learned about tuition fees?

A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports.

B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.

C. The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.

D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.

62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written notice

B. the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the school

C. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil’s place in the school

D. the school’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years

(C)

Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School’s Lotfi Belkhir.

At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?” The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’t have an answer.

Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.

The student’s question inspired Belkhir’s latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.

Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT (Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.

Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT, they also found that ICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.

“For every text message, for every phone call, every video you upload or download, there’s a data centre making this happen.” Belkhir explains. “Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”

Among all the devices, trends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones. While smartphones consume little energy to operate, 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.

A smartphone’s chip and motherboard (芯片和主板) require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a high cost. Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste.

Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings.

“Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to run on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow. Also, it’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smartphones.”

63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to _____.

A. explain the importance of software sustainability

B. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir’s latest research

C. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environment

D. show Belkhir’s student’s creativity and critical thinking

64. One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that _____.

A. they are more precious than other devices

B. they drive the greatest consumption of ICT

C. they are frequently replaced by new models

D. they need large amounts of energy to operate

65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _____.

A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centres

B. sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphones

C. policies be established to advocate everlasting smartphones

D. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres

66. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.

B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.

C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.

D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.

答案：56. B57. C58. B59. C60. B 61. D62. C63. B64. C65. D66. A

04.松江区

(A)

For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.

“It’s no secret that China has always been a source of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion shows.

Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.

“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion – they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China, but some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs – and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.

For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says, “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China – its influences, its directions, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”

56. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?

A. It promoted the sales of artworks.

B. It attracted a large number of visitors.

C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.

D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.

57. What does Hill say about Chinese women?

A. They do business all over the world.

B. They admire super models.

C. They start many fashion campaigns.

D. They are setting the fashion.

58. The underlined phrase “taking on” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to __________.

A. competing against

B. learning from

C. working with

D. looking down on

59. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?

A. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York

B. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World

C. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends

D. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics

60. What happened to Anita Lawrence after her husband’s diagnosis?

A. She felt very painful.

B. She gained some life lessons.

C. She paid more attention to her own health.

D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.

61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can we learn about John All?

A. He is an expert in mountaineering.

B. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.

C. Few people could survive in the same situation as he did.

D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.

62. In her letter, Janet Toole quoted two examples of Switzerland and Italy in order to __________.

A. advise chefs to stop cooking live lobsters

B. show how cruel it is to cook lobsters live

C. raise chefs’ awareness of protecting animals

D. share with readers these countries’ laws regarding cooking

The newspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more: it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is a very important assignment facing American journalists – to make clear to the reader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing as “local” news, because any event in the international area has a local reaction in the financial market, political circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life. There is in journalism a widespread view that when you start an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the rushing tides of opinion. This is nonsense.

The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor shall limit themselves to the “facts”. This insistence raises two questions: What are the facts? Are the bare facts enough?

As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual” story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out of these fifty, his space being necessarily restricted, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is Judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall make up the beginning of the article, which is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph. This is Judgment Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.

Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual” or “objective” story, at least three judgments are involved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which reporters and editors, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism”, arrive at a conclusion as to the significance of the news.

The two areas of judgment, presentation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective and subjective processes. If an editor is determined to give a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by the place he gives a story – promoting it to page one or dragging it to page thirty.

63. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. If a reporter makes clear the facts he writes, he will no doubt get into trouble.

B. Journalists must select facts objectively to make current events clear to the readers.

C. The most important task of reporters is to provide unprejudiced facts for the readers.

D. For reporters, interpretation of facts is no less important than presentation of the facts.

64. The beginning of the article should present the most important fact because __________.

A. it will influence the reader to continue

B. most readers read only the first paragraph

C. it details the general attitude of the writer

D. it’s the best way to write according to the schools of journalism

65. Where a story is presented in a newspaper shows __________.

A. the editor’s prejudice

B. the reporter’s background

C. the story’s factual matter

D. the story’s effect on the readers

66. Which of the following can best express the author’s attitude toward objectiveness?

A. Objectiveness is controlled by editors rather than writers.

B. Properly choosing facts prepares a solid ground for objectiveness.

C. He doesn’t think there exists complete objectiveness in news writing.

D. To make clear the news is a way to be objective and responsible for the readers.

答案：(A) 56----59 BDAC (B) 60----62 BCA (C) 63----66 DBDC

05.虹口区

(A)

People worry that developments in Artificial Intelligence, or A.I., will bring about a point in history when A.I. overtakes human intelligence, leading to an unimaginable revolution in human affairs. Or they wonder whether instead of our controlling artificial intelligence, it will control us.

The situation may not arise for hundreds of years to come, but this doesn’t mean we have nothing to worry about. On the contrary, The A.I. products that now exist are improving faster than most people realize and promise to fundamentally transform our world, not always for the better. They are only tools, not a competing form of intelligence. But they will reshape what work means and how wealth is created.

Unlike the Industrial Revolution and the Computer Revolution, the A.I. revolution is not taking certain jobs and replacing them with other jobs. Instead, it is believed to cause a wide-scale elimination of jobs — mostly lower-paying jobs, but some higher-paying ones, too.

This transformation will result in enormous profits for the companies that develop A.I., as well as for the companies that adopt it. We are thus facing two developments that do not sit easily together: enormous wealth concentrated in relatively few hands and enormous numbers of people out of work. What is to be done?

Part of the answer will involve educating or retraining people in tasks A.I. tools aren’t good at. Artificial intelligence is poorly suited for jobs involving creativity, planning and “cross-field” thinking. But these skills are typically required by high-paying jobs that may be hard to retrain displaced workers to do. More promising are lower-paying jobs involving the “people skills” that A.I. lacks: social workers, barmen, doormen — professions requiring human interaction. But how many barmen does a society really need?

The solution to the problem of mass unemployment will involve “service jobs of love.” These are jobs that A.I. cannot do, that society needs and that give people a sense of purpose. Examples include accompanying an older person to visit a doctor, helping at an orphanage and serving as a sponsor at charity organization. The volunteer service jobs of today, in other words, may turn into the real jobs of the future.

Other volunteer jobs may be higher-paying and professional, such as compassionate medical service providers. In all cases, people will be able to choose to work fewer hours than they do now.

56. In what aspect is the A.I. revolution different from the Industrial or the Computer revolution?

A. The A.I. revolution will finally become one beyond human’s control.

B. A.I. is believed to lead to a point in history when it takes over human intelligence.

C. Higher-paying jobs will take the place of lower-paying ones in the A.I. revolution.

D. It may bring about mass unemployment no matter how much employees are paid.

57. The underlined word “promising” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. promotional

B. demanding

C. guaranteed

D. potential

58. What does the author suggest in the face of the A.I. revolution?

A. It is sensible to encourage people to take volunteer jobs.

B. People should be instructed to do less demanding jobs.

C. The problem of job loss can be solved by creating lower-paying jobs.

D. Jobs requiring knowledge in different fields are suitable for displaced workers.

59. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?

A. The A.I. Revolution Creates New Job Opportunities.

B. Challenges the A.I. Revolution Brings to Job Market

C. A Double-edged Sword: the A.I. Revolution

D. Interrelationship between A.I. and Unemployment

60. How much will you pay if you want to buy a pair of HCR3 hearing aids?

A. $229

B. $249

C. $458

D. $498

61. Which of the following features can be added to the section “HCR3 Features”?

①Built-in programs for different listening situations.②Easy access to changing batteries.

③Digital sound processing chip.④Simple adjustments without professional help.

A. ①③

B. ①③④

C. ②③④

D. ①②③

62. One reason why buying a pair of hearing aids is recommended is that ______.

A. the HCR3 guarantees 100% refund if bought in pairs.

B. it will save consumers up to $20 for a pair of hearing aids.

C. humans are pre-programmed to better hear with two ears.

D. people can hear triple better in various situations with two hearing aids.

For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by regulated industries and libertarianthink tanks(自由主义智囊团) whose interests and beliefs are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.

Quoting successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. What is typically declared to be the scientific method—develop a supposition, then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is active so that new methods get invented and old ones get abandoned. The scientific method doesn’t always work. False theories can produce true results, so even if an experiment works, it doesn’t prove that the theory it was designed to test is true.

If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the guarantee for trust in science?

The answer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different: once the paper is ready, it is presented to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewer is to find errors or other inadequacies. We call this process“peer review” because the reviewers are scientific peers but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the obligation to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fixed that the paper is accepted for publication and enters the body of “science.”

Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are human. But if we look carefully at historical cases where science went wrong, typically there was no agreement reached by all. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical(矛盾的): that science produces both novelty(新颖性) and stability. New observations, ideas, interpretations introduce novelty; transformative questioning leads to collective decisions and the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.

63. Distrust in science has been found because ______.

A. scientists’ citing successes isn’t persuasive for many people to some extent

B.most scientists have tended to lay too much emphasis on the success of science

C.a wide-ranging and organized campaign has been founded in some industries and think tanks

D. someone’s benefits and beliefs are endangered by the findings of modern science

64. Which of the following statements will the author agree with about a scientific method?

A. A scientific method doesn’t necessarily take effect because science is changing.

B.A scientific method is not right because it isn’t what scientists actually do.

C.A successful experiment can guarantee the truthfulness of a claim by a scientific method.

D. True theories can produce false results because the scientific method doesn’t work.

65. What purpose does “peer review” in evaluating a scientific claim mainly serve?

A. The scientific claim can be completely accepted by the reviewers in the same field.

B.The scientific peers can draw right conclusions by finding its faults or other inadequacies.

C.The scientific claim can be published and recognized as true in science.

D. The scientific paper can be successfully submitted to a scientific journal.

66. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

A. Not all the claims about the falsehood of well-established science lead to its being overturned

B.It is inevitable that science sometimes goes wrong because it appears paradoxical

C.The beauty of science lies in the paradox of being both novel and stable

D. Science is not trustful because scientists always change their minds

答案：56-59: DDAB 60-62: CBC 63-66: DACA

06.徐汇区

(A)

Agnes de Mille was a dancer and a choreographer (编舞). Early in her career, de Mille had created the choreography for a ballet called Three Virgins and a Devil. She thought it was good work, but nobody made much of it.

A few years later, de Mille choreographed a ballet named Rodeo. Again, she thought her work was solid, but it resulted in little commercial fame.

Then, in 1943, de Mille choreographed Oklahoma!, a musical show that enjoyed nearly instant success. In the coming years, Oklahoma! would run for an incredible 2,212 performances, both around the nation and abroad. In 1955, the film version won an Academy Award.

But the success of Oklahoma!didn’t bring her much happiness. She thought that her work on Oklahoma! was only average compared to some of her other creations. She later said, “After the openin g of Oklahoma!, I suddenly had unexpected success for a work I thought was only fairly good, after years of neglect for work I thought was fine. I began to think that perhaps my entire scale of values was untrustworthy. I talked to Martha.”

Martha was Martha Graham, perhaps the most influential dance choreographer of the 20th century. (Although not as well-known by the general public, Graham has been compared to other creative geniuses like Picasso or Frank Lloyd Wright.)

During their conversation, de Mille told Martha Graham about her frustration. “I confessed that I had a burning desire to be excellent, but no faith that I could be.”

Graham responded by saying,

“There is a vitality, a life force, an energy, a quickening that is translated through you into action, and because there is only one of you in all of time, this expression is unique. And if you block it, it will never exist through any other medium and it will be lost. The world will not have it. It is not your business to determine how good it is nor how valuable nor how it compares with other expressions. It is your business to keep it yours clearly and directly, to keep the channel open.”

56. What can be learned about de Mille’s ballet named Rodeo?

A. It earned her a large fortune.

B. It made her rise to fame overnight.

C. It didn’t enjoy much success.

D. It laid a solid foundation for her career.

57. How did de Mille feel about the great success of the musical Oklahoma!?

A. Relieved.

B. Ashamed.

C. Confused.

D. Proud.

58. Picasso and Frank Lloyd Wright were mentioned in the passage to suggest that Martha Graham ___________.

A. was outstanding in visual arts and architecture

B. enjoyed the same popularity as them

C. had been influenced greatly by them

D. was the most influential artist in her field

59. Which of the following statements best represents Graham’s words in this passage?

A. Comparing with others prevents you from maintaining uniqueness.

B. You should always keep yourself open to the urges that motivate you.

C. Your action reveals the inner landscape, which is the soul of music.

D. Choosing to be positive is going to determine how you live your life.

Shipping containers are gaining popularity as an alternative to traditional houses. These 20-or 40-foot containers can be obtained for a little as several hundred US dollars apiece, and it’s not surprising that some industry professionals and even city planners consider them the future of home building. Below are details of some amazing homes made out of shipping containers.

London Container City(I and II)

London’s Container City first sprang up in the heart of the docklands in 2001. It took

just five months to complete the original 12 work studios. Shortly after that, a fourth floor

of studios and living apartments was built on top of these. The first container city was so

successful that another — Container City II — was added to it.

Los Angeles Redondo Beach house

With its modern lines and appealing spaces, the award-winning Redondo Beach

House is a luxury beachside showpiece built from eight recycled steel shipping

containers, along with some traditional building materials. According to the architects,

the modified containers are “nearly indestructible”.

Amsterdam Keetwonen

Amsterdam’s massive Keetwonen complex houses 1,000 students and it is the largest

container city in the world. The housing project is a roaring success and features units that

are quiet and comfortable. Each resident enjoys a bathroom, kitchen and separate sleeping

and studying quarters. The complex even has central heating and high-speed internet as

well as areas for parking bikes.

Mexico M2ATK Container House

M2ATK designed this unique container house for an artist. It’s fully equipped

with heating and cooling, a kitchen and bathroom. On the bottom floor of the house

are ‘‘public spaces” such as the kitchen and living room. The second floor is the

bedroom, and the top floor is a studio space in which to work, read and “let fly the

imagination”.

60. Compared to traditional houses, container houses are _________.

A. easier to maintain

B. less expensive to build

C. more comfortable to live in

D. more fashionable in style

61.What can be learned about Amsterdam’s Keetwonen complex?

A. It is the first container city in the world.

B. It’s equipped with modern facilities.

C. It features a luxury and unique style.

D. It includes living space and car parks.

62.Which of the following is the best title for the poster?

A. Recycled material for Ideal Home

B. Shipping Container Home Challenges

C. Home in a Steel Box

D. Housing Options and Solutions

O n August 29th, as Hurricane Dorian tracked towards America’s east coast, Elon Musk, the boss of Tesla, an electric-car maker, announced that some of his customers in the storm’s path wo uld find that their cars had suddenly developed the ability to drive farther on a single battery charge. Like many modern vehicles, Mr. Musk’s products are best thought of as internet-connected computers on wheels. The cheaper models in Tesla’s line-up have parts of their batteries disabled by the car’s software in order to limit their range. At the tap of a keyboard in Palo Alto, the firm was able to remove those restrictions and give drivers temporary access to the full power of their batteries.

Mr. Musk’s computerized cars are just one example of a much broader trend. As computers and connectivity become cheaper, it makes sense to bake them into more and more things that are not, in themselves, computers, creating an “internet of things”.

Such a world will bring many benefits. Consumers will get convenience, and products that can do things non-computerized versions cannot. Businesses will get efficiency, as information about the physical world that used to be uncertain becomes concrete and analyzable.

In the long term, though, the most obvious effects will be in how the world works. Ever more companies will become tech companies; the internet will become everywhere. As a result, a series of unresolved arguments will spill over from the virtual world into the real one.

Start with ownership. As Mr Musk showed, the internet gives firms the ability to stay connected to their products even after they have been sold, transforming them into something closer to services than goods. That has already made the traditional ideas of ownership unclear. When Microsoft closed its ebook store in July, for instance, its customers lost the ability to read titles they had bought (the firm offered refunds). That shifts the balance of power from the customer to the seller.

Virtual business models will jar in the physical world. Tech firms are generally happy to move fast and break things. But you cannot release the beta version (测试版) of a fridge. Apple, a smartphonemaker, provides updates for its phones for only five years or so after their release; users of Android smartphones are lucky to get two. But goods such as washing machines or industrial machinery can have lifespans of a decade or more. Firms will need to work out how to support complicated computerised devices long after their original programmers have moved on.

Data will be another flashpoint. For much of the internet the business model is to offer “free” services that are paid for with valuable user data, collected with consent (同意) that is half-informed at best. In the virtual world, arguments about what should be tracked, and who owns the resulting data, can seem airy and theoretical. In the real one, they will feel more urgent.

Predicting the consequences of any technology is hard — especially one as universal as computing. The emergence of the consumer internet, 25 years ago, was met with starry-eyed optimism. These days the internet’s faults dominate the headlines. But the people have the advantage of having lived through the first internet revolution — which should give them some idea of what to expect.

63. From the passage we can tell that Tesla can ____________.

A. drive faster than usual in extreme weather

B. adjust the range of its battery power

C. charge the battery at the tap of a keyboard

D. operate when the battery is fully drained

64. Which of the following is NOT an example of the “unresolved arguments” mentioned in the passage?

A. Early adopters of certain apps find that they ceased to work after the firm lost interest.

B. The insurance company uses data from fitness trackers to adjust customers’ premiums(保费).

C. Computerized machinery can’t predict its breakdowns or schedule preventive maintenance.

D. A high-tech fridge company restricts its customers from repairing their fridges themselves.

65. The underlined word jar probably means _____________ in this context.

A. boom

B. conflict

C. vanish

D. expand

66. This passage is mainly about ______________.

A. how the world will change as computers spread into everyday objects

B. the adoption of electric vehicles and the possible problems to expect

C. what should be done to prevent the breakdown of computerized devices

D. different views on the current application of Internet Technology

答案：56-59 CCDB 60-62 BBC 63-66 BCBA

07.嘉定区

(A)

When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging.

But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel —something to elevate the

fire that is already burning inside of her.

It’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found

herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of this seemed to her the

work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling

people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This,

naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became

less frequent. Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern art

owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to

life.

In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood where she wasn’t constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do.

Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn’t one moment Duncan doubted her own genius.

There is an old quotation “if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance.

56. What does the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean?

A. Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream.

B. Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles.

C. Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl.

D. Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan.

57. Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan?

A. Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career.

B. Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence.

C. Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning.

D. Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear.

58. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph?

A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish.

B. Everybody is a genius in his own way.

C. Miseries come from human stupidity.

D. Teachers can impact students greatly.

59. What is this passage mainly about?

A. Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today.

B. Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her.

C. Isadora Duncan’s early experiences and the reasons for her success.

D. Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style.

Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.

Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.

The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart:

60. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person’s heart rate.

B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.

C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people’s safety.

D. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45-year-old is 90–149 BPM.

61. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _____________.

A. “You are doing fine.”

B. “You can run faster.”

C. “You should slow down a bit.”

D. “You should drink some water.”

62. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.

B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.

C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.

D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.

?Use your index finger (食指) and middle finger. Don’t use your thumb (拇指) —it has a pulse of its own.

?Place these two fingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb.

?Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds.

?Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute. For example, if you count 25 beats, 25 x 4 = 100 beats per minute.

2021中考英语超全试题分类汇编(含解析)

(2020最新模拟江苏省宿迁市 A) 根据句意及所给中文提示或英文解释，写出句中所缺单词。每小题1分) 46. My neighbours are very ▲ (友好的) to us. 47. Do you ▲ (同意) with what I say? 48. We had a very cold ▲ (冬季) last year. 49. Are you ▲ (有空的) this evening? 50. I can’t ▲ (买得起) to go to the 2020最新模拟 World Cup. 51. The tourists had no c ▲ but to wait for the next bus. 52. Tom is a ▲ (a good sense of humour) boy, so everyone likes him. 【答案】46.friendly 47.agree 48.winter 49.free 50.afford 51.choice 52.humo(u)rous (2020最新模拟.江苏省无锡市.B根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式,每小题1 分） 6.Sometimes ______________（深厚的） feelings are hard to put into words. 7.Mr Wang was busy,but he_____________ （坚持） on seeing me off at the airport. 8.Will you join us in the _____________（讨论）about the teenage problems.

上海市2020届高三数学试题分类汇编：数列(含解析)

高三上期末考试数学试题分类汇编数列一、填空、选择题 1、（宝山区2019届高三）如果无穷等比数列{}n a 所有奇数项的和等于所有项和的3倍，则公比q = 2、（崇明区2019届高三）已知数列{}n a 满足：①10a =；②对任意的n ∈*N ，都有1n n a a +>成立. 函数1()|sin ()|n n f x x a n =-，1[,]n n x a a +∈满足：对于任意的实数[0,1)m ∈，()n f x m = 总有两个不同的根，则{}n a 的通项公式是 3、（奉贤区2019届高三）各项均为正数的等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若1 l i m 3n n n n n S a S a →∞-<+，则q 的取值范围是（） A. (0,1) B. (2,)+∞ C. (0,1] (2,)+∞ D. (0,2) 4、（虹口区2019届高三）已知7个实数1、2-、4、a 、b 、c 、d 依次构成等比数列，若成这7 个数中任取2个，则它们的和为正数的概率为 5、（金山区2019届高三）无穷等比数列{}n a 各项和S 的值为2，公比0q <，则首项1a 的取值范围是 6、（浦东新区2019届高三）已知数列{}n a 为等差数列，其前n 项和为n S . 若936S =，则348a a a ++= 7、（普陀区2019届高三）某人的月工资由基础工资和绩效工资组成，2010年每月的基础工资为2100元，绩效工资为2000元，从2011年起每月基础工资比上一年增加210元，绩效工资为上一年的110%，照此推算，此人2019年的年薪为万元（结果精确到0.1） 8、（青浦区2019届高三）已知无穷等比数列{}n a 各项的和为4，则首项1a 的取值范围是 9、（松江区2019届高三）已知等差数列{}n a 的前10项和为30，则14710a a a a +++= 10、（徐汇区2019届高三）若数列{} n a 的通项公式为* 2()111n n a n N n n =∈+，则 l i m n n a →∞ =___________. 11、（杨浦区2019届高三）在无穷等比数列{}n a 中，121 lim()2 n n a a a →∞ ++???+= ，则1a 的取值范围是 12、（长宁区2019届高三）已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且11 2 n n n a a ++= ，若数列{}n S 收敛于

2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词

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One【2018届上海市西南位育高三英语上学期10月试题】 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the ___41___one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not __42____to do the work, that most people do not listen well. Listening well also requires total ____43____upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or ___44___your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. ____45____, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary ____46____ of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to____47____up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be _____48____ only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth. Most of the time we____49____ this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening _____50____. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain_____51_____ results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in to hear. listening, or we simply____52____ to listen to what we don’t want It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic. In about a quarter of the patients I saw, ____53_____ improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy, before any of the____54_____of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for __55____ that he or she this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s __

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