煤与瓦斯突出机理研究现状及分析
第38卷 第1期
煤田地质与勘探 Vol. 38 No.1 2010年2月 COAL GEOLOGY & EXPLORA TION Feb. 2010
收稿日期: 2009-06-06
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(50534090); 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划) 项目(2005CB221506); 贵州省科技
厅工业攻关项目(黔科合GY 字(2006)3029); 贵州省科技厅科技基金项目(黔科合J 字(2006)2109); 教育部春晖计划项目(Z2007-1-52010)
作者简介: 李希建(1967—), 男, 湖南张家界人, 博士, 教授, 从事矿井瓦斯防治研究工作. 文章编号: 1001-1986(2010)01-0007-07
煤与瓦斯突出机理研究现状及分析
李希建1, 2，林柏泉1
(1. 中国矿业大学安全工程学院, 江苏 徐州 221008; 2. 贵州大学矿业学院, 贵州 贵阳550003) 摘要: 对现有的煤与瓦斯突出机理研究成果进行了评述；阐述了煤与瓦斯突出机理的研究思路与方法及其历史发展过程和研究现状；分析了这些研究成果的不足之处，提出了煤与瓦斯突出机理的研究方向。研究表明，煤与瓦斯突出机理已经从单因素向多因素发展，综合作用假说得到了普遍认可，这为防突工作提供了理论依据。认为，煤与瓦斯突出准备机理、失稳与平衡机理、发展机理、传播机理和煤与瓦斯突出带分布规律研究是煤与瓦斯突出机理需要深入研究的方向。
关 键 词：煤与瓦斯突出；机理；研究现状；研究方向
中图分类号：TD713.1 文献标识码：A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1986.2010.01.002
Status of research and analysis on coal and gas outburst mechanism
LI Xijian 1, 2, LIN Baiquan 1
(1. School of Safety Engineering , China University of Mining and Technology , Xuzhou 221008, China ;
2. School of Mining , Guizhou University , Guiyang 550003, China )
Abstract: In order to discuss the orientation of research on coal and gas outburst mechanism, research findings of coal and gas outburst mechanism were presented in this paper, Different thoughts and methods of research on coal and gas outburst mechanism were expounded, so were the processes of development and current situation of re-search on coal and gas outburst mechanism. Limitations of existing research findings on coal and gas outburst mechanism were analyzed. Orientation of research on coal and gas outburst mechanism was proposed as well. Currently, research on coal and gas outburst mechanism has developed from single-factor level to multiple-factor level and hypothesis of comprehensive function of multiple-factor has received wide acceptance, which has built theoretical basis for outburst prevention measures in coal mine. Domestic researchers have made abundant achievements in the research on mechanism of coal and gas outburst, which has advanced and developed the mechanism. It was believed that the mechanisms of outburst preparation, outburst instability and balancing, out-burst development, outburst transmission of coal and gas, as well as the regularity of distribution of regions where coal and gas outburst tend to take place are the research orientation for deepened study of the mechanism of coal and gas outburst.
Key words: coal and gas outburst ；mechanism ；research actuality ；orientation of research
煤与瓦斯突出是一种复杂的矿井瓦斯动力现象，也
是一种非常严重而又比较普遍的威胁煤矿安全生产
的自然灾害。自从1834年3月22日，在法国的鲁
阿雷煤田伊萨克矿井发生了世界上第一次煤与瓦斯
突出开始，据报道，目前大约有18个国家有煤与瓦
斯突出发生，分别是中国、法国、俄罗斯、波兰、日
本、匈牙利、比利时、英国、捷克、保加利亚、澳
大利亚、荷兰、德国、加拿大、罗马尼亚、南斯拉
夫、印度和南非。其中前5个国家的突出情况最为严重[1－9]。我国是世界上煤与瓦斯突出最严重的国家，自1950年发生有记载的第一次煤与瓦斯突出现象以来，在安徽、四川、重庆、贵州、江西、湖南、河南、山西、辽宁、黑龙江等省区都发生了煤与瓦斯突出。随着采掘深度不断增加，地应力与瓦斯压力不断加大，煤与瓦斯突出矿井的数目会不断增多，突出次数也将日益频繁。因此，解决矿井煤与瓦斯突出灾害问题是实现煤炭工业可持续发展的当务 之急。