初中英语语法 情态动词
情态动词
She can speak French and I can’t.
什么叫情态动词？
表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或状态。
情态动词的特征：
He can speak English well,but I can’t.
We must stay here.
情态动词有词义，不能单独做谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。can/could/be able to
1.三个都表“能力”could 是can的过去式。
eg: I couldn’t speak English.
I can speak English now.
将来能力使用shall/will/be able to.
eg: I will be able to speak French.
2. can/could 表“请求、允许”
could 比can 更委婉。
eg:Could I borrow your book?
3. can/could 表“怀疑、推测”
可能性can‘t be
eg:It can’t be Lily’s bag.
may/might
1.表“请求、许可”might 比may更委婉、客气。
eg:May I come in?
Might I come in?
2. “可能”，表推测。
可能性may be >might be
eg:He may come tomorrow.
He might come tomorrow.
必须must/have to 不得不
1.must表个人意志和主观上的必要，意为“必须”“应该”用于一般现在时；
I must go now.
2.have to表客观上的必要。意为“必须”“不得不”
除可用于现在时外，还可以表将来时shall/will have to和过去式had to。
1.这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买台新的。
This TV doesn’t work.We have to buy a
new one.
2.那时我们必须买台新的。
We had to buy a new one.
3.我们将不得不买台新的。
We will have to buy a new one.
I must study hard,because I want to go to Beijing University.
I have to go shopping,because the fridge is empty now.
should/would/ought to
应该愿意理所应当
1.You are his mother,you ought to look after him.
2.You are a student,you should study hard.
3.She would be glad if you would help her.
情态动词表推测
must be>may be>might be>can’t be
dare , need
既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。
做情态动词，无人称、数变化，主要用于否定句和疑问句
情态动词类型
1.只作情态动词的有：must,can(could),may(might)
2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有need，dare
3.可作情态动词也可作助动词的有will(would).shall(should)
4.具有情态动词的某些特征的有have to,ought to
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