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2017年考研英语翻译真题训练汇总

2017年考研英语翻译真题训练汇总
2017年考研英语翻译真题训练汇总

2017年考研英语翻译真题训练汇总

要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力,加强对词汇多义的把握,踩准得分点,最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读,日积月累,翻译能力必定提升。凯程网考研频道以真题为例,和大家分享句子的细分解读,从词汇到句式,希望大家多练练。

Since our chief business with them is //to enable them to share in a common life //we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers //which will secure this ability.(33words)

词汇要点:

1) secure //v. 确保;保护;获得

结构要点:

1) Since our chief business…is to enable…是since引导原因状语从句;

2) we cannot help considering…是主句;

3) whether or not we are forming…是considering所带的宾语从句;后面还有一个which定语从句修饰the powers。

汉译逻辑要点:

1) Since our chief business with them is…中的business这个词,不要翻译为“生意”。它需要靠下文的with them中的代词them来确定含义。返回原文,我们发现them指代的是the young(年轻人),所以这里的business是指我们对于年轻人所做的“主要工作、主要任务”。

2) to share in a common life中的in a common life修饰动词share,所以直译的意思是“在日常生活中分享、共享”,或者说“在日常生活中懂得分享”。

3) cannot help doing是习惯用法“禁不住,情不自禁”。

4) which will secure this ability这个定语从句比较简单,它修饰the powers,可以翻译到powers“力量”前面。secure是“确保”的意思,它也有“经过努力获得,确保获得”的汉译。所以,which will secure this ability修饰powers,翻译为“确保他们获得这种能力的力量”。

参考译文:

既然我们的对年轻人所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在日常生活中懂得分享,因此我们禁不住会考虑自己是否正在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。

For example, he theorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service

on that day.

译文:例如,他们提出这样的理论:如果法官在当天已经把五六名被告仅仅判了强制社区服务的处罚,他就会因害怕显得对犯罪行为过于心慈手软而更有可能把接下来的被告判刑入狱。

分析:本句的主干为…he theorised…,此后紧跟that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中的主语为a judge,之后的fearful of appearing too soft on crime是修饰a judge的后置定语,谓语部分是might be more likely to send someone to prison。宾语从句中还包含一个条件状语从句if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants …on that day,其中主语是he,谓

语是had …sentenced,宾语是five or six other defendants。

【词汇指南】

prison['prizn](n.)监狱;监禁(中考词汇)(2013年-完型)(pris-词根,抓,握取,on=ion-名词后缀→“抓”人入狱——即“监狱”,引申为“监禁”。)

1个扩展词:

●penalty ['pen?lti](n.)刑罚;罚金(CET-6、考研词汇)(2007年-阅读4)(pen=prison-监禁,al-的,ty=ity名词后缀→监禁就是“刑罚”,引申为“罚金”。)

考点搭配:legal penalty 法律惩罚(2007年-阅读4)

sentence ['sent?ns](n.)句子(n./vt.)【律】判决,宣判(中考词汇)(2013年-完型)(sent-词根,感觉;感情,ence-名词后缀→所谓“句子”就是表达思想“感情”的东西;而针对犯人所说的、具有法律效力的“句子”就是“【律】判决,宣判”。)

2个扩展词:

●resent [ri'zent](vt.)憎恶,愤慨;怨恨(CET-6、考研词汇)(2005年-阅读1)(re-反,sent-词根,感觉→反感、厌恶——即“憎恶,愤慨;怨恨”。)

●resentment [ri'zentm?nt](n.)憎恶,愤慨;怨恨(CET-6、考研词汇)(2005年-阅读

1)(ment-名词后缀)

five [faiv](n.)五;五个(adj.)五的;五个的(中考词汇)(2013年-阅读4)(f-象形,表示“手”,ive-后缀→手有五指——即“五;五个(的)”)

考点搭配:five to three 5比3(2013年-阅读4)

day[dei](n.)一天(24小时),日;白天(中考词汇)(2013年-完型)(da=dawn-黎明,y-名词后缀→“黎明”乃“一天”之始,是“一天、白昼”开始的时刻。)

考点搭配:on that day 在那天(2013年-完型)

Scientists jumped to the rescue //with some distinctly shaky evidence //to the effect that //insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. (28 words)

词汇要点:

1) rescue //n. 营救,救援

2) evidence //n. 证据

3) to the effect that…// 大意是说

结构要点:

1) 主句部分是Scientists jumped to...,后面的with…evidence介词短语做状语;

2) to the effect that…是to带的介词短语作定语,修饰evidence;后面that引导的是同位语从句,修饰the effect;

3) insects would eat us up是主句,后面还有if条件状语从句。

汉语逻辑要点:

1) 整个句子的主干结构是scientists jumped tothe rescue中的jumped,直接翻译的意思是“跳”,引申为“赶紧,急忙,迅速采取行动”。rescue是“救援,援助”的意思,这个部分可以翻译为:科学家们急忙来挽救这种局面;或者,科学家们迅速赶来救援;或者,科学家们急忙介入。

2) with some distinctly shaky evidence中的形容词shaky意思是“不稳固的,摇晃的”,在本句话中它修饰“证据”,说明“证据站不住脚”。

3) to the effectthat... 这个短语很多人没有掌握,翻译成汉语就是:“大意是,意思是说...”。

4) fail to…意思是“不能,没有能够”。

参考译文:

科学家们急忙介入,但是提出的证据显然站不住脚,其大意是:如果鸟类不能控制昆虫的数量,昆虫就会吞噬我们人类。

Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thussubjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore,it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calmand systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from suchstudies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves andwith all other life forms on this planet Earth.

大家先看我是怎么展开做题思路的。

1.断句:

Therefore,it is important to study humans //in all theirrichness and diversity //in a calm and systematicmanner, //with the hope //thatthe knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmoniousway of living //with themselves //and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.

2.翻译每一个部分,逐步展开,大家注意我展开的思路

因此,重要的是

因此研究人类是很重要的

在所有丰富性和多样性上

因此,在所有丰富性和多样性上研究人类是很重要的

因此,研究人类的丰富性和多样性是很重要的

以冷静和系统的方式

因此,以冷静和系统的方式去研究人类的丰富性和多样性是很重要的。

带着希望

带着这样的希望:

知识从这些研究引起的

从这些研究中得到的知识

从这些研究中得到的知识能够引导人类到一种更和谐的生活方式上去

从这些研究中得到的知识能够使人类生活更和谐

与他们自己

从这些研究中得到的知识能够使人类与自己的生活更和谐

并且与其他生命形态在这个星球地球上

并且与地球上其他生命形态

从这些研究中得到的知识能够使人类与自己,并且与地球上其他生命邢台生活更和谐。

完整译文:因此,以冷静和系统的方式去研究人类的丰富性和多样性是很重要的。带着这样的希望:

从这些研究中得到的知识能够使人类与自己,并且与地球上其他生命邢台生活更和谐。

这次模拟考试句子反应出的问题:

批改了一些学生作业,反应出的主要问题如下:

急躁,想早点一下子把句子翻译完,导致自己怎么说都不通顺。

不断句,也是由急躁引起的。

一定要断句!要逐句小句子翻译好,再进一步观察。大家感受一下我上面每一行展开的做题思路。

翻译,原顺序优先!原顺序不通顺了,再考虑调整顺序,调整顺序要抓住根本是英语有那个修饰关系存在,才去修饰那个词往前放。

While it is easy to ignore//in our contact with them//the effect of our acts upon their disposition,//it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.

词汇要点:

1) contact //n. 联系,交往

2) disposition //n. 性情,性格;安排,分布

结构要点:

1) while引导状语从句的主干事it is easy to ignore…the effect of…,其中it是形式主语;

2) 主句的主干是it is not so easy…,这里有一个承前省略,补充完整是it is not so easy to ignore…。

汉译逻辑要点:

1) 从句部分有一个简单的结构it is easy to ignore...,可以翻译为“很容易忽视…”。

2) in our contact with them中的them的明确指代是the young(年轻人)。incontact with…是词组,翻译为“与…联系,与…交往”,所以这部分可以翻译为“在我们与年轻人交往的时候”。这个介词短语做状语,可以翻译到最前面:虽然在与年轻人交往的时候,我们很容易忽视…。

3) the effect of our acts upon their disposition中的disposition意为“性格,倾向”。这部分可翻译为“我们的行为对他们性格的影响”。这个部分作动词ignore的宾语。把整个句子组合起来,可以翻译为:虽然在与年轻人交往的时候,我们很容易忽视我们的行为对他们性格产生的影响。

4) in dealing with adults是in doing sth.,可以翻译为“在……时候”,deal with本意是“处理,解决”,根据下文adults(成年人),调成汉语习惯,翻译为“在和成年人打交道的时候”。

5) not so...as...这个比较结构可以翻译为“不如…那么”或“不像…”。我先举一个简单的例子:Reading is not sodifficult as translation.意思是“阅读不像翻译那么难”,所以真正更难的是翻译。

6) it is no so easy应该是承接上文省略了it is not so easy (to ignore the effect of our acts upon theirdisposition)。所以,整个句子可以翻译为“这不像在和成年人打交道中那么容易忽略”。什么意思呢?就是“与成年人打交道更容易(忽略我们的行为对他们性格的影响)”。所以,这里的“忽略这种影响”一词,意义要补充上去。

参考译文:

虽然在与年轻人交往的时候,我们很容易忽视我们的行为对他们性格的影响;但是在与成年人打教导中更容易忽略这种影响。

最近给的翻译题,是18年来,比较难一些的句子,每一个句子都有一个难点。

比如上次那个it is not so easy as in dealing with adults,好多人没有明白。我再试图说明一下:

大家看看:

Reading is not so difficult as translation.阅读不如翻译那么难。(difficult as translation,翻译更难,看明白了吧)

套用:

it is not so easy as in dealing with adults,这不像和成年人打交道那么容易(忽略我们的行为对他们性格的影响)

(easy as in dealing with adults看明白了吧,与成年打交道中更容易...)

好,如果你还没有弄明白。我觉得就可以放弃这个点了。就翻译而言,真的可以放弃,因为这样的难点句子不是每年都有,不是今年年底正好碰到这样难点了。因为就复习效率论,磨刀要磨刀刃嘛,何必磨刀背呢?

Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted,//and only more gradually still/ /was this effect considered as a directive factor//in the conduct of the institution.

词汇要点:

1) institution //n. 机构;习俗

2) directive //n. 指令,指示

3) factor //n. 因素

结构要点:

1) 整个句子的结构是and连接的并列句,两个分句都是only位于句首的倒装句,第一个句子的正常顺序是the by-product…wasnoted only gradually

2) 第二个并列句子的正常顺序是this effect was considered as a directive factor only more gradually,后面的in the conduct of…是介词短语作定语。

汉译逻辑要点:

1) Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted是第一个分句,主语是the by-product of the institution。only谓语句首,动词was被提前,谓语部分是被动语态was noted。这个分句可以直接翻译为“这种结构附带产生的影响只有逐渐地才能被注意到”。被动语态的翻译可以采用主宾颠倒的方法,增加一个泛指主语,即“人们只是逐渐地才能注意到这种机构附带产生的影响”。

2) was this effect considered as a directive factor是第二个分句的主谓部分,was位于句首,分句为倒装语序。正常语序是:this effect wasconsidered as a directive factor。可以直接翻译为“这种影响被认为是一种指导性因素”。可将被动语态主宾颠倒翻译为“人们把这种影响视为指导性因素”。

3) only more gradually still是第二个分句的前置状语,比较好翻译:“只有更加缓慢地……”。但是这个状语和后面主谓部分组合时,大概意思是“人们只有更加缓慢地才能把这种影响视为指导性因素”。这样翻译可以,还可以增加一个表时间概念的词“过程”,翻译为:人们把…视为知道因素的过程则更加缓慢。

4) in the conduct of the institution是介词短语。the conduct of the institution可以翻译为“这种机构的运作”,或“管理这种机构”。整个介词短语作定语修饰前面的factor。所以,第二个分句组合起来,可以把这个介词短语翻译到它所修饰的名词前,即“人们把这种影响视为机构运作的指导性因素”。

参考译文:

机构附带产生的影响只有逐渐地才能被注意到;而这种影响被视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更加缓慢。

或:人们只是逐渐地才能注意到这种机构附带产生的影响;而人们把这种影响视为

机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更加缓慢。

2017考研英语翻译真题精析(20)

凯程考研集训营,为学生引路,为学员服务! 第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译真题精析(20) 要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力,加强对词汇多义的把握,踩准得分点,最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读,日积月累,翻译能力必定提升。凯程考研频道以真题为例,和大家分享句子的细分解读,从词汇到句式,希望大家多练练。 And home appliances will alsobecome so smart 0.5分//that controlling and operating them will result in 0.5分//the breakout of a new psychological disorder0.5分—//kitchen rage0.5分. (25 words) 词汇要点: 1) home appliances //家用电器 2) result in //导致,出现 3) breakout //n.爆发,出现,发作,发生 4) disorder//n.混乱,杂乱,紊乱;失调,疾病 结构要点: 1) …so …that …结果状语从句; 2) 破折号后面的kitchen rage 是在解释a new psychological disorder 。 汉译逻辑要点: 1) smart 翻译为“聪明”不太符合汉语习惯,因为上文主语是home appliances(家用电器),家用电器“智能化”或者“精巧、小巧”都可以。 2) psychological disorder 翻译为“心理疾病,心理失调,心理紊乱”都可以,但是前面还有new 修饰,翻译为“新的心理疾病”才适合。 3) result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder ,意思是“导致一种新的心理疾病的爆发”。“导致…爆发”就是“引发了这种疾病”。 4) kitchen rage 是对前面的a new psychological disorder 这种“新的心理疾病”的解释,rage 本来是“愤怒”,既然是心理疾病,那就是“狂躁症”。road rage 叫“路怒症”是指开车的人不规矩,一上路就狂躁。kitchen rage 是指人一进厨房就狂躁。 完整译文: 家用电器将会变得如此智能化,以至于控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病——厨房狂燥症。

2015考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

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