外研社选修八-module4-原文

Which English?

When you receive a phone call from a friend, how long does it take you to know who it is? A few seconds, perhaps. The quality of someone’s voice and their choice of words make a person instantly recognisable, even though you can’t see him or her. In this sense everybody's use of language

－whether English, Chinese, or any other－is different. You could say that there are as man y varieties of English, or any other language fo r that matter, as there are speakers of it. English is spoken as an official language in more than 60 countries across the world and it can s ound very different from place to place. Pronunciat ion, as well as grammar and vocabulary, can change very quickly from one area to another. For examp le, within London the most famous dialect is cockn ey. It is only usually spoken by people from the east of that city so it is not the only form of English you will hear. You can usually tell wh ich part of the English-speaking world someone come s from by their accent, and there are some very

recognisable accents all over Britain. It is also quite easy to tell British and American English ap art.

Although most people believe there is a right and a wrong way to speak English, there is not real ly a standard form that everyone can agree on. En glish spread across the world over hundreds of yea rs because of trade, exploration and business, and this process produced many different Englishes. Pr ofessors of linguistics, writers and teachers all w orry about providing a perfect model to follow but as it is so widely spoken, it has become imposs ible to say which English is “correct”and which is “incorrect”. Perhaps correctness doesn’t matt er－as long as speakers can understand each other －it’s communication that counts. Australia G’day!D’ya speak Strine? Or rather, Hello! Do you speak A ustralian? Australia is one of the youngest nations in the world. The first English speakers arrived little more than 200 years ago-and they didn’t want to. Most of them went prisoners sent there t o work. They came from all over Britain, but espe cially from Northern Ireland and

the London area, which is why the Australians acce nt today has traces of both Irish and cockney spe ech patterns. The

English speakers found people who had been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years －the Aborigines, and extraordinary variety of wildlif e, unique to the continent. Many of the Aboriginal words for these animals, such as kangaroo, koala and kookaburra soon passed into the language.

But the main differences between Australia English and other varieties of English lie in the individu al sounds and intonation patterns. Sometimes it is difficult for British and American people to unde rstand the Australian accent, and mistakes are comm on. A few years ago a well-known English author w as signing copies of his books in a Sydney booksh op. A customer came up to the author holding a c opy of the book and said Emma Chissit.The author thought that Emma Chissit was the woman’s name. B ut when he asked how to spell the name, in cas e the customer wanted him to write her name in t he book (To Emma Chissit, with best wishes), he r ealised that the customer had been asking the ques tion: How much is it? Jamaica and Singapore Australian English comes directly from English spoke

n in Britain. But in other countries where English is spoken as a first language this is not the case. The variety of English

spoken in Jamaica, and other Caribbean countries, has some of the grammatical features of the Afri can languages spoken by the ancestors of the Jamai can people, so that there is often no apostrophe s (’s) (that woman house, instead of that woman’s house) or no link verb or article (He good man , instead of He’s a good man). Another feature i s the rhythm. It is the rhythm of rap music, whi ch became popular in the US in the 1980s.

On the other side of the world, in Singapore, Eng lish is a second language, spoken by about half t he population. Other languages include Malay and Ch inese. Almost everyone in Singapore is bilingual, w hile some people speak three or four languages. Th e most common variety of English spoken is known as Singlish. Sentences in Singlish often end with the word lah. The variety has been influenced in particular by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien (language spoken in Minnan), both in grammatical features and vocabulary. Today there is a debate i n Singapore about which variety of English is the best: Singlish, or a variety closer to British E

nglish, which is the aim of the Speak Good Englis h Movement created in 1999

The Future of English

Ever since the invention of the first telegraph at the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world. It has a powerful in fluence in the media, on the Internet and in pop music that is not going to go away. This commun ication revolution has turned the world into a “global village”in which everyone needs to talk to each other －and so often nowadays that means in Eng lish.

More people now speak English as a second language across the world than as a native language. It is estimated that 1.3 billion people will use Engl ish as either a first or a second language by 20 50. But what will that form of English be like? Traditionally, British English has been taught acros s the world, but it is only one variety. Experts believe that the future shape and grammar of Eng lish, especially in its spoken form, will no longe

r be determined in the traditional English-speaking countries like Britain and America but in the re st of Europe, Asia and Africa. International organi sations

外研版高中英语选修8全册教案

外研版高中英语必修8 全册教学设计教案

目录 Module 1 Deep South Period II Module 1 Deep South Period III Module 1 Deep South Period IV Module 1 Deep South Period V Module 1 Deep South Period VI Module 1 Deep South Period Ⅰ Module 1《Deep South》 Module 2 The Renaissance--cultural corner and task Module 2 The Renaissance--function and grammar Module 2 The Renaissance--reading and vocabulary 1 Module 2 The Renaissance--reading practice Module 2 The Renaissance--Vocabulary and writing Module 2 The Renaissance--word list and introduction Module 3 Foreign Food--function and grammar Module 3 Foreign Food--reading and vocabulary Module 3 Foreign Food--reading practice Module 3 Foreign Food--vocabulary and writing Module 3 Foreign Food--word list and introduction Module 4 Which English--Cultural corner Module 4 Which English--Grammar Module 4 Which English--Introduction Module 4 Which English--Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 4 Which English--Reading and Vocabulary Module 4 Which English--Reading Practice Module 4 Which English--Speaking-Reading and Vocabulary (2)-Writing-Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Introduction Reading and speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Listening Everyday English Speaking Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe-- Reading and Vocabulary Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Grammar Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading and Vocabulary (2) Writing Task Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe--Reading Practice Module 6 《War and Peace-grammer》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Introduction》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Language Points》 Module 6《The Tang Poems-Reading and writing》

外研版高中英语必修四课文文本

外研版高中英语必修四课文文 本(总15页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1 -CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除

Module 1 Reading The City of the Future What will the city of the future look like No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain— they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminium, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain. To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had: Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems. Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.

人教版高中英语必修一到选修八教材课文阅读文章

必修1 第一单元ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I came here. …For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at

高中英语新课标必修四Unit5课文原文

Book 4 Unit 5 Theme Parks . There are v arious kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, c artoons, movies or history. . Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest r oller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. . Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! . It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. 8. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. 9. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. 10. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing w herever there is a Disneyland. 12. Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main a ttraction is its culture. People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. preserve. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture! If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds o f English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.

选修8课文翻译--全析

选修8 Unit 1 大课文多样性的土地 加州 加州是美国第三大洲,但是人口最多。它也有不同的是最多元文化国家在美国,有吸引了来自世界各地的人们。的习俗和语言的移民活在新居。这个文化多样性并不令人惊讶当你知道他的历史加州。本土美国人 什么时候到的第一批人我们现在知道的加利福尼亚,没有人真的知道。然而,很可能在加利福尼亚居住美国印地安人是至少一万五千年前。科学家们认为这些定居者穿过白令海峡在北极到美国的一种方法中存在的陆地桥在史前时期。在16世纪,欧洲人到来之后,当地人中蒙受了重大损失。数千人的死亡或被迫成为奴隶。另外,许多人死于这种疾病所带来的欧洲人。然而,从一些这些可怕的时代,今天还有更多的美国人住在加州比任何其他国家。 西班牙 在18世纪,加州被西班牙。名西班牙士兵初到南美洲,在16世纪早期当他们攻打当地人,把他们的土地。两个世纪以后,西班牙人定居在大部分南美和沿西北海岸的我们现在所称的美国。第一个西班牙去加州,大多数都是虔诚的教徒。他们的部门是要教导天主教给当地人。1821年,墨西哥取得了他们的从西班牙独立。加州的一部分则成了墨西哥。1846年美国宣战墨西哥和战争结束后获美国、墨西哥不得不给加州

到美国。然而,仍有强烈的西班牙影响国家。这就是为什么今天超过40的加州人说西班牙语作为第一或第二语言。 俄罗斯人 在19世纪初,俄罗斯的猎人,这些原本,开始去阿拉斯加定居在加州。在那里的今天是大约2.5万美籍俄裔住在旧金山市区和郊区。 黄金生产商 1848年1月24日,美墨战争后不久,有人在加州发现了黄金。快速致富的梦想吸引了来自世界各地的人们。最近的,因此第一个到达,是来自美国人民和来自美国。然后从欧洲和亚洲的冒险者随之而来。事实上,一些达到了他们的梦想成为富足。一些死亡或回到家,但是大多数住在加利福尼亚使自己的生活不顾大的困难。他们就住在新城镇或在农场工作。在加州成为31日当选美国的联邦州在1850年,已经是一个多元文化的社会。 晚来者 尽管中国移民开始到在淘金热期间,他们的建筑……（文件丢失）从西方的铁路网络到东海岸带来了更大的编号到加州十九世纪六十年代。今天,美藉华人住在加州的所有部分,尽管大部分选择呆在“唐人街”的洛杉矶和旧金山。 意大利人等其他移民,主要渔民还酿酒师,到达了加州在十九世纪。在1911年移民建立了镇来自丹麦的自己,今天仍然继续他们的丹麦文化。到了二十世纪二十年代电影产业被确立在美国加利福尼亚州的好莱坞。因此本行业的繁荣——吸引了欧洲人包括许多犹太民族主

外研社英语选修八重点名词,形容词

Key words gravity mass exploration rivalry treaty glare frost absence luxury dormitory laundry emergency battery privilege reliability insight inspiration subject frontier perspective anecdote basement suspect drawback substitute blame liberty passion profession poison banquet delicacy manner compliment consequence fusion grocery pattern foreground dialect trace intonation ancestor rhythm debate revolution investigation flavour association dilemma concept tendency significance offence oppose prejudice resist conflict approval curiosity fascination candidate patience decade tension authority sorrow division destiny sympathy faith devotion invasion impact acquaintance dynasty expansion altitude specialist corruption merchant sponsor expense barrier departure enterprise anniversary independence surgeon

外研社版英语选修八module1课文翻译

Book 8 Module 1 Deep South教学案 Reading I. Words 企鹅__________ 探险者__________ 极地的__________ 每年的__________降水量__________ 深度__________ 重力__________ 极端的__________ 使适应__________ 块，团__________ 使平衡__________ 勘察__________ 条约__________ 商业的__________ 核的__________ 试验__________ 促进__________ 使陷入困境_________ 救生船_________ 旅行__________ II. Reading ’s annual rainfall is close to_______. is the________largest continent in the world. is covering____________square kilometres around the South Pole. holds________of the world’s ice. average the ice cap of Antarctica’s surface is________metres thick. 2. Read paragraph2 and fill in the blanks: Antarctica is full of_________,which has adapted to its are different________of penguins,_____________,seals,and of plants can________there because of the cold weather ,the lack of________and the long___________ winter the plants are ______ up of mosses,algae and lichen. 3. Read paragraph 3 and check the true statements: ( ) ① Most of the ice has been in Antarctica for hundreds of years. ( ) ②Gas and minerals,which are in the form of coal,are trapped in the ice. ( ) ③ Most of the Antarctica rocks are meteorites from outer space. ( ) ④ There are lots of useful white rocks in Antarctica. 4. Read paragraph4 and put the following sentences into right order: ( ) ① Norwegian Carstens Borchgrevink set foot on the Antarctic mainland. ( ) ② The British explorer James Cook crossed the Antarctic Circle. ( ) ③ Europeans discovered the continent of America. ( ) ④ Norwegian Roald Amundsen reached Antarctica. ( ) ⑤ Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass. 5. Read paragraph 5 and answer the questions ① What has replaced the rivalry that existed between many of the earlier explorers ② How many countries signed the Antarctica Treaty List some of them.

完整版人教版英语必修四课文电子版

Unit 1 Women of achievement Reading A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family beings to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Them we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as long as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. Four forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, ‘Aren't they luck?' And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget…” She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievement of women. Using language WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORD? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the

英语选修八大小课文翻译

单位1 A 不同的土地－阅读 加州 加州是在美国的第三大的州但是有最大的人口。它也有区别─身为美国中最多元文化的州，从全世界已经吸引人们。移民的关税和语言倚赖生活在他们新的在家。当你知道加州的历史时，文化的这不同不令人惊讶。 本国的AMERCANS 完全地当第一的个人在我们现在知道当做加州的到达，没有人真的知道。然而，是有可能的是，美国原住民一万五千年前至少住在加州。科学家相信这些移民者藉由一个在史前的时代存在了的陆桥越过了在北极圈中的白令海峡到美国。在16 世纪内，在欧洲人的抵达，本国的人遭受很大之后。数千进入奴隶的身份之内被杀或强迫。此外，多数从被欧洲人带来的疾病死了。然而，一些遭受这些可怕的时代后幸存，而且今天有较多的美国原住民住在加州超过在任何其他的州。 西班牙人 在18 世纪内，加州被西班牙统治了。西班牙军人在16 世纪初期内首先抵达南美洲了，当他们对抗了本国的人而且拿他们的土地。两世纪之后，西班牙人在南美洲的大多数地区安顿和向前我们现在呼叫美国的西北海岸。第一个西班牙人去加州，多数是宗教性的男人，部将向本地人教天主教徒宗教。在1821 年，墨西哥人们得到了他们自西班牙独立。加州然后变成了墨西哥的一部份。在1846 美国宣布墨西哥战争，在被美国嬴得的战争之后，墨西哥必须把加州给美国。然而，仍然有州的强烈的西班牙影响力。那是今天超过加州人中的40 为什么说西班牙语为第一或第二种语言。 俄国人 在1800 年代早期，俄国猎人，本来去安拉斯加州，开始了在加州定居。今天旧金山周围地区有大约25000 俄国人－美国人住。 淘金者 在1848 年，不在美国人－墨西哥的战争之后长久地，黄金在加州被发现。很快地变成富有的梦从全世界吸引了人们。最近的，因此第一者到达，是南美洲的和来自美国的人们。然后来自欧洲的冒险家和亚洲很快跟随。事实上，很少的达成了他们变成富有的梦。一些死或者被送回的在家，但是最保持了在加州为自己作生活尽管棒的艰难。他们在新城镇或在农场上安顿。被被选举成为三十个的时间加州－美国的第一联邦州在1850 年，它已经是一个多元文化的社会。 稍后RRIVALS 虽然中国移民开始在淘金潮期间到达，但是，它是建筑物 从西部到在1860 年代带更大的数字到加州的东海岸的铁路网。今天，美籍华裔住在加州的所有地区，虽然大的百分比已经选择留在洛杉矶和旧金山的" 唐人街" 。 其他移民，像是意大利人，主要地渔夫但是也酒制造者，在19 世纪末期内抵达加州了。在1911 年，来自丹麦的移民建立了仍然持续他们的丹麦文化的一个他们自己的城镇。1920 年代，电影业在加州的好莱坞很好地被建立。工业繁荣吸引了欧洲人包括许多犹太人的人。今天加州有在美国第二大的犹太人的人口。 日本农民开始从最初的地方20 世纪抵达加州，而且1980 年代以来更多在那里安顿。来自非洲的人们1800 年代以来就一直住在加州，当他们从墨西哥向北移动。然而，更多到达在1942 和1945之间在船和飞机业中工作。 大多数最近的抵达 在比较最近的十年内，加州已经变得来自亚洲的较多的人的家，包括韩国人、高棉人、越南

外研版高中英语选修八20

语篇提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Americans have taken over from the Indians many things besides their continent! Where did corn, potatoes, tomatoes, chocolate and maple sugar come from? The Indians. Who invented moccasins, snowshoes and hammocks? The Indians! A list of the tools, plants, materials, and designs we owe to the Indians would include hundreds of items. But there is something far more familiar, something that is always at hand. It is used daily by every American: a large vocabulary of Indian words. Potato, tomato, chocolate, moccasin and hammock came into English from Indian languages. So did cocoa, tobacco, maize (an Indian word for corn) and succotash. Some words have changed on the way. Potato, for example, comes from a word that sounds like “batata”. Cocoa beg an as “cacahuatl”． Some meanings have also changed. The long Indian word from which succotash comes means “something broken off in bits.” Indian women often varied their dishes by mixing bits of one food with another. White men who ate an Indian dish of mixed lima beans (青豆) and corn began using the Indian word to mean this particular mixture. Put on your moccasins and take a walk in the country. If it is a cold day and you wear a mackinaw, your jacket will be as Indian as your shoes. But mackinaw came from “michilimackinac，” the Indian name of a place where a fort (集市) served as a trading post. Bright-coloured blankets or jackets bought at the post soon became known as “mackinaws.” Early white visitors to the continent found Indian words useful for the thin gs new to them. But some Indian sounds, such as the “tl” at the end of many words, were hard to say. That is why “coyotl” became coyote and

人教版高中英语必修4课文原文Unit1--5

必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages