2020中考语法精讲11 被动语态

(2018?山东莱芜) 33- — Laiwu has developed a lot in the last few years.

一Yes. And the high-speed rail _______ in 2020.

A. completes

B. is completed

C. will be completed

D. will complete

33. C【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：——在过去的几年里，莱芜发展变化很大。——是的。并且在2020年高铁将要建成通车。主语the high-speed rail和谓语动词complete之间是被动关系，in 2020是表示将来的时间状语，故动词要用一般将来时的被动语态will be completed。故选C。

32.（2018?云南曲靖)Nowadays China ____ for its new “four great inventions”—shared bicycle, electronic payment, high-speed railways and online shopping.

A. was knowing

B. was known

C. is knowing

D. is known

32. D 考查动词的语态。句意：如今，中国以其新的“四大发明”而闻名——共享自行车、电子支付、高速铁路和网上购物。be known for意为“因……而知名”，由时间状语nowadays 可知用一般现在时，故选D。

28.（2018?新疆乌鲁木齐）--Can you go to the movies with me tonight?

--I have to ask my mum. If I , I will go with you.

A.allow

B. allowed

C. am allowed

D. was allowed

28. C 考查动词的语态。句意：——今晚你可以和我去看电影吗？——我得问问我的妈妈。如果我被允许，我会和你去。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，故排除B、D两项；又结合句意应为被动语态，故选C。

30.（2018·广西玉林）—What do you know about the 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup?

—Oh, I only know that the last game ________ on July 15.

A. was played

B. is played

C. will be played

D. will play

30. C 考查句子的时态及语态。句意：—你知道2018年在俄罗斯举办的世界足球杯吗？—奥，我只知道最后一场决赛将在7月15进行。最后一场足球赛与谓语动词play属于被动关系，7月15日是一个表示将来的时间，故用一般将来时被动语态，构成为：will be+过去分词，故选C。

13.(2018·辽宁葫芦岛)—Light-rail vehicle（轻轨）in our city in two years.

—Good news.

A. builds

B. built

C. will be built

D. is built

14.C【解析】考查一般将来时的被动态。句意为：轻轨列车在两年后在我们城市。好消息。builds建造，一般现在时；built建造，一般过去时；will be built将被建造，一般将来时的被动态；is built被建造，一般现在时的被动态。从时间状语in two years在两年后可知此处时态应与一般将来时且主语与build之间存在被动关系，因此需用一般将来时的被动态。故选C。

9. (2018·辽宁辽阳)As far as we know, the 2022 Winter Olympics △in China.

A. hold

B. are hold

C. will hold

D. will be held

9. D考查动词的语态。句意：众所周知，2022年冬奥会会在中国举行。结合句意可知，2022年表将来，冬奥会被举行，表被动，故用一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。

8. (2018·辽宁盘锦)—______ the theme park ______ in Shanghai two years ago?

—Yes, it's about Chinese traditional culture.

A. Does; build

B. Did; build

C. Is; built

D. Was; built

8. D考查动词时态辨析。句意：—上海的主题乐园2年前建成了吗？—是的，是有关中国传统文化的。根据two years ago可知用一般过去时，又句子的主语与动词谓语为动宾关系，

应用被动语态。故选D。

2. （2018?辽宁沈阳）There will be fewer workers in factories because most work by robots in the future.

A.is done

B. was done

C. will be done

D. will do

2.C【解析】考查被动语态。句意：未来工厂里会有更少的工人因为大多数工作由机器人______。主语most work与谓语动词是被动关系，by 引导动作的执行者，故要用被动语态；由时间状语in the future可知是将来时, 故用一般将来时的被动语态。

34. (2018·广西梧州)—Your hometown is beautiful, and the air is really fresh.

—Yes. Many trees and flowers ______ around here every year.

A. plant

B. are planted

C. was planted

D. will plant

34. B考查动词的时态与语态。答语主语Many trees and flowers 是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；再根据时间状语every year可知用一般现在时。故选B。

（2018.吉林）33. The school music festival ______ next Monday.

A. was held B held C will be held

33. C. 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：学校音乐节下周一举行。the school music festival 作主语，强调动作的承受者，用被动语态，且由next Monday可推知用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。

6. (2018·江苏徐州) The latest mobile phone _______ in China.

A. will make

B. has made

C. is making

D. is made

6. D 考查动词的被动语态。根据句意：最新的手机在中国制造。推断本句是被动语态。选项中ABC都是主动语态。is made 是被动语态的结构。故选D。

13.(2018·辽宁本溪）A new primary school _____ in this village next year.

A. will build

B. will be built

C. is built

D. is building

13. B 考查被动语态的用法。句意：一所新的小学将于明年在这个村庄建成。句中主语school 是动词build的承受对象，是被动关系，应用被动语态；又根据句中时间状语next year可知，应用一般将来时，故选B。

16. (2018 ? 吉林长春) We Chinese ________ by the touching documentary Amazing China.

A. encourage

B. encourages

C. are encouraged

D. are encouraging

16. C 考查动词的语态。句意：我们中国人被感人的纪录片《辉煌中国》鼓舞了。主语we Chinese是动作encourage这个动作的承受者，因此该句应用被动语态。故选C。(2018·内蒙古呼和浩特)10.— People，especially the young，b y their friends．

—That’ s true．Friends play an important part in everyone’ s life．

A.easily influences B．is easily influenced

C.are easily influenced D．influenced easily

10.C 考查被动语态的用法。句意：—人们，特别是年轻人容易被他们的朋友影响。—那是真的。朋友在每个人的生活中七重要作用。句中主语the young与谓语动词influence是被动关系，应用被动语态；而且the young“年轻人”表示复数。故选C。

(2018·青海) 28. —Why are you working so hard on telling stories in English?

— Because the best story tellers _________ to an international Summer Camp.

A. are chosen

B. were chosen

C. will be chosen

28. C【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：——你为什么如此努力地下功夫用英语讲故事？——因为讲故事最好的选手______参加国际夏令营。答语中的主语the best story tellers和谓语动词choose之间是动宾关系，故动词要用被动语态。由“are you working so hard”可知：现在努力做准备，是为了将来“被推选上”，故用一般将来时的被动语态will be chosen。故选C。

24.（2018·新疆阜康米泉）The boy thinks he shouldn't ________ what to do because he is 18 now.

A. tell

B. tells

C. telling

D. be told

24. D考查动词语态。句意：这个男孩认为他不应该被别人告知去做什么，因为他现在18岁了。tell告诉，动词原形；tells第三人称单数形式；telling现在分词；be told被告诉。根据句意可知，从句中的主语he和动词tell构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选D。

43. (2018·广东省)Many shops in China to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018.

A. ordered

B. didn’t order

C. were ordered

D. weren’t order ed

43. C考查被动语态。句意：当一项新的反对象牙贸易的法律从2018年1月1日生效起，中国的许多商家被要求杜绝象牙贸易。本题中，语境意为“被要求”，故用被动语态，而as引导的时间状语为过去时，故主句的被动语态也要求用过去时。故选C。

35. (2018·湖南湘西) —Your ring looks nice.

—Yes, and it _____in Thailand.

A. makes

B. made

C. was made

35. C【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：——你的戒指看起来真漂亮。——是的，并且它产在泰国。分析句意可推知：用作主语的是强调动作承受者“戒指”，故采用被动语态，故选C。

24. (2018·湖南湘潭) Chinese _______ by more and more people around the world.

A. is spoken

B. speak

C. speaking

24. A 考查被动语态。句意：世界上越来越多的人说汉语。主语Chinese是动作的承受着，故应用被动语态，根据句意应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。

(2018?湖北十堰)34. Too much time______ on computer games by most teenagers every day. And their parents are worried about their health and study.

A. spends

B. is spent

C. has spent

D. spending

34.B【解析】考查动词的语态句意：大多数青少年每天把很多时间花费在电脑游戏上，他们的父母很担心他们的健康和学习。主语too much time与谓语动词spend是被动关系，要用被动语态。故选B。

(2018 湖北恩施)34. If you are caught smoking in the kitchen, you by your boss.

A. will fire

B. are fired

C. will be fired

34 C 考查动词的被动语态。“如果你抽烟被发现了，会被老板解雇的”。A不是被动语态，B时态不对。

31. (2018? 湖北咸宁)—The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) ________ in Beijing last year.

— Our country has been into a new era (时代) since then.

A. held

B. was held

C. has held

D. had held

31. B考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——中共十九大去年在北京举行。——从那时开始我们国家进入新时代。通过last year可知是过去时。十九大应该是被举行。故选B。

8. （2018?四川泸州)Two bridges over the river five years ago in our city.

A. build

B. built

C. were built

D. are built

8. C 考查动词时态和语态。句意：五年前，我们的城市里建起了两座桥。根据后面的表示过去的具体时间状语five years ago可知要用一般过去时，再结合主语是复数名词two bridges，并且它与动词build构成动宾关系，此处要一般过去时的被动形式，故选C。

8. (2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔) FIFA World Cup ________ every four years. Guess which team will win in 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup?

A. is held

B. was held

C. will be held

8. A 考查被动语态的用法。根据句意可知，世界杯每四年举办一次，此句应为一般现在时。故选A。

34. (2018·河北) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays _______ in it.

A. list

B. are listed

C. will list

D. will be listed

34. B 考查动词语态。句意：看看那图片，最好的五部电视剧都列在其中。根据句意知，本句的主语the plays是动作list的承受者，应用被动语态表达，排除A、C两项；从语境知，这五部电视剧现在就出现在这个图片里，因此本句应用一般现在时态。故选B。

39.（2018·海南中考）Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ______ last spring.

A. planted

B. were planted

C. were planting

39. B 【解析】考查时态和语态。由时间状语last spring可知此处应用一般过去时；又因为tree是主语，是plant的承受者，故用被动语态。故选B。

43.（2018?广西贵港中考)Children under 12 years old ride sharing bikes. It’s too dangerous.

A. shouldn’t allow to

B. shouldn’t allow

C. shouldn’t be allowed to

D. shouldn’t be allowed

43. C【解析】考查被动语态的用法辨析。句意：12岁以下的孩子们不应该被允许骑共享单车。太危险了。根据语境可知应用allow的被动语态形式be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。故选C。

29. (2018·湖南岳阳)Our classroom by students every afternoon.

A. is cleaned

B. was cleaned

C. cleans

29 . A考查动词的被动语态。句意：我们的教室每天下午被学生们打扫的很干净。根据句中的every afternoon，可知该题是一般现在时；其次classroom与clean之间是被动关系，因此本题是一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。

(2018江苏扬州)12. —What are you watching?

—The Story of China. This part ______ at China Block Printing Museum of Yangzhou in 2014.

A.filmed

B. was filmed

C. has filmed

D. is filmed

12.B 考查动词的语态。句意：—你正在看什么？—《中国故事》。这部分于2014年在扬州中国印刷博物馆拍摄。主语this part与谓语film之间为被动关系，时间状语in 2014，表示过去。故此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。其基本结构为：was/ were+及物动词的过去分词。故选B。

(2018·江西)34. Kids have to take many after-school classes. They _____ hard to study for good grades.

A. push

B. are pushed

C. are pushing

D. have pushed

34. B考查动词语态。句意：孩子们必须参加很多课后课程。他们努力学习以求好成绩。push 动词原形，一般现在时；are pushed一般现在时的被动语态；are pushing 现在进行时；have

pushed现在完成时。讲述客观事实，要用一般现在时；主语They(kids)与push之间是被动关系，故选B。

（2018山东菏泽）23. It is believed that tea ___ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.

A.brought

B. was brought

C. is brought

23.B【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态。句意：人们认为茶是在6和7世纪期间传到朝鲜和日本的。由时间during 6th and 7th centuries可推知用一般过去时，排除C；且句子强调动作承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态，选B。

28. (2018·四川资阳)Tea, the most popular drink in the world, ______ by accident in China.

A. discovered

B. is discovered

C. will be discovered

D. was discovered

28. D考查动词语态辨析。句意：世界上最受欢迎的饮料—茶，是在中国偶然发现的。主语tea与动词discover存在被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A项，且根据常识可知，茶已经存在多年了，是在许多年前被发现的，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。

39. (2018·湖北襄阳)—The Forum(论坛)on China-Africa Cooperation Meeting will take place in Beijing this year.

—Yes. I hear thousands of guests ______to the meeting then.

A. will be invited

B. will invite

C. are invited

D. invite

39. A 考场将来时的被动语态。——关于中非合作关系论坛会议今年将在北京举行。——是的，我听说成千上万名客人将被邀请到会。由will take place可知，会议还未举行，guest 与invite之间存在被动关系。所以考查将来时的被动。故选A。

40.（2018·广西桂林）If you use mobile phone while driving, you ______ by police.

A. are caught

B. will catch

C. will be caught

40. C考查动词语态。句意：开车时，如果你使用手机，你会被警察逮住。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中，如果从句用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时，结合句中by police可知要用被动语态，故选C。

(2018·广西河池) 36. A new high speed train railway station _______ in Hechi in five years.

A. will build

B. will be built

C. has built

D. has been built

36. B【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：五年后在河池市一座新的高铁火车站将会建成。主语railway station与谓语动词build之间是动宾关系，故谓语动词要用被动语态。由句中的时间状语“in five years”可知要用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。故选B。

28. （2018. 贵州安顺）Andy, with his parents, Hong Kong, and some shopping by them.

A. have gone to; will do

B. has gone to; will be done

C. have been to ; will do

D. has been to; do

28. B.考查谓语动词时态和被动语态。句意：安迪和他的父母去了香港，他们会去买东西。可知他们去了香港不在说话之处，因此，用has gone to;句子后半部分主语是物，有by标志是被动语态，故选B。

11.(2018·北京中考）A new international airport ______ in the city next year.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d316002424.html,pletes

B. is completed

C. will complete

D. will be completed

D【解析】考查被动语态。句中主语与谓语动词构成动宾关系，应该使用被动语态；根据句中时间状语next year判断使用一般将来时。故选D。

(2018福建A卷) 32. Paper-making _____ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代).

A. is invented

B. invented

C. was invented

32. C 考查被动语态。句意：中国在西汉时发明了造纸术。造纸术是在过去被发明的，因此应用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为：was/were+done，。故选C。

(2018·甘肃天水)31.A new robot by a middle school student last term.

A.invented

B.was invented

C.invents

D.is invented

31. B 【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：上个学期一个中学生发明了一个新机器人。句子的主语A new robot和谓语动词invent之间是动宾关系，故句中的谓语动词要用被动语态。由句中的时间状语last term可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，且句子主语是单数。故用was invented。故选B。

(28.2018·四川达州)—Final exam is coming,Tom.Don’t watch TV for too long.

—I’m not a child any more.I ______ what to do.

A.should always be told

B.should always tell

C.shouldn’t always be told

D.shouldn’t always tell

28.C 考查动词语态辨析。句意：——汤姆，快期末考试了。不要长时间看电视。——我不再是个孩子。不用经常告诉我应该做什么。由句意知，答语中的主语I是动词tell的承受者，应用被动语态表达，排除B、D；从句意知，这里讲的是不应该，应用否定表达，排除A。故选C。

31.(2018·四川达州)—I have a bad cold,mom.

—Oh,dear!You’d better ______ a doctor with me in a minut e.

A.will see

B.see

C.not see

D.seeing

31.B 考查动词语态的用法。句意：——妈妈，我得了重感冒。——哦，亲爱的。你最好马上跟我去看医生。had better(not) do是固定用法，从句意知，这里应是see，故选B。

26. (2018·四川南充)—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!

—Yes, many old trees and houses .

A. pull down

B. were pulling down

C. were pulled down

D. pulled down

26. C考查动词的语态。句意：—昨晚的暴风雨是多么可怕啊！—是的，许多老树和老房子都被摧毁了。选项A是主动，一般现在时；选项B是主动，过去进行时；选项C被动，一般过去时；选项D主动，一般过去时。根据句中的“last night”可知是一般过去时态；树和房子的摧毁是由暴风雨造成的，它们之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选C。

34. (2018·重庆A)The 2022 Winter Olympic Gam es _________in C hina. I'm sure

it will be a great success.

A. hold

B. will hold

C. were held

D. will be held

34. D考查动词的被动语态。句意：2022冬季奥林匹克运动会将在中国举行，我相信将会获

得很大成功。根据句中的2022，可知该题是一般将来时；其次Winter Olympic Games与hold 之间是被动关系，因此本题是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。

44. (2018·安徽)The weatherman says a rain shower ______ this afternoon in the south.

A. expects

B. expected

C. is expected

D. was expected

44. C 考查动词语态辨析。句意：这个天气预报员说，预计今天下午在南方有阵雨。从句意知，宾语从句的主语a rain shower是动作expect的承受者，应用被动语态，排除A、B；从语境知，本句说的是现在对天气的预测，应用一般现在时态表达。故选C。

(2018·湖南益阳)29. If you are over 18 years old, you _____ to drive a car in our country.

A. can allow

B. can’t allow

C. can be allowed

29. C 考查被动语态。句意：如果你已满18岁，在我们国家你会被允许驾车的。本句主语是动作的承受者，因此用被动语态。故选C。

7. (2018·南京) —Simon, do you know who invented the kite?

—Sure! It ________ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.

A. is invented

B. invented

C. was invented

D. will be invented

7. C 考查动词时态及语态。句意：—西门，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？—当然，风筝是在2000多年前墨子发明的。根据后面的“by”及句意可知此处应用被动语态；又根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。

(2018·山东临沂)20. Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.

A. supposed

B. supposes

C. was supposed

D. is suppose

20. C考查动词的被动语态。句意：詹妮昨天晚上应该打电话给我的，但她没有。be supposed to意为“应该；被期望”。由下文语境“她没打电话”可知是“应该”，应用be supposed to do sth；其次根据句中的last night，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。

40. (2018四川成都中考)The opening of the 2018 Word Cup ______ in Russia this evening. So after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!

A. would be held

B. is held

C. will be held

40. C 此题考查时态和被动语态。句中“after our English exam, let's go and watch it to relax ourselves!”提示this evening还没有到来，所以要用将来时，只有C满足时态要求;再看动词与主语之间的关系，动词为hold,主语为the 2018 World Cup，根据句意理解世界杯是被举办的，所以在满足时态的基础上还要满足被动语态要求，故选C。

（2018·四川德阳）23. The telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

A. invent

B.was invented

C. is invented

D. invented

23. B 考查被动语态。句意：电话是在1876年被亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的。主语telephone和动词invent存在被动关系，时间状语in 1876提示用一般过去时，故用一般过去时态的被动语态。选B。

26.(2018·四川乐山)— Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!

— Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.

A. was building

B. was built

C. has built

26. B 考查被动语态的用法。句意：—看，多么古老的桥！它看起来如此特别！—是的，它差不多是500年前建造的。句中主语it与谓语动词build是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选B。

33.(2018·天津) Dr Bethune ____________ still_________ in both China and Canada today.

A. is; remembered

B. is remembering

C. will; remember

D. has; remembered

33. A【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民纪念。根据句意可知本句须用一般现在的被动语态，须用is remembered。故选A。

32. （2018·重庆B卷）—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura?

—It’s me. This photo _____ when I was five.

A.is taken

B. takes

C. was taken

D. took

32.C 考查动词的被动语态。句意：——劳拉，照片中的小女孩是谁？——是我，这照片是在我五岁的时候拍的。这里主语”phone”是动作对象，所以要用被动语态，根据”when I was five”，可知句子应用过去时态，故选C。

27. (2018·湖南郴州)—Do you know when and where the 24th Winter Olympic Games ________?

—In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022.

A. is held

B. will be held

C. will hold

27. B 考查动词的被动语态。句意：你知道第24 届冬奥会在什么时间什么地点举行吗？2022年在北京和张家口。A选项是一般现在时的被动语态；B选项是一般将来时的被动语态；C 选项是一般将来时。由时间状语可知，指将来。并需要用被动结构。故选B。

(2018·湖南邵阳)28. _______ Wugang Airport _______ last year?

A. Did; build

B. Had; built

C. Was; built

28. C 【解析】考查被动语态。主语Wugang Airport是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时。故选C。

27. (2018·湖南长沙)British physicist Stephen Hawking, who_____ as the "'smartest man alive" , passed away in England on March 14, 2018.

A. praised

B. was praised

C. will be praised

27.B 考查被动语态。句意:英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金被誉为在世的最聪明的人,于2018年3月14日在英格兰逝世。根据句意是在"过去被誉为"，可知选一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。

(2018·湖南株洲)29. Many modern trains in the world _____ in Zhuzhou.

A.are creating

B. created

C.are created

29.C【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：世界上许多现在火车在株洲____。are creating现在进行时；created一般过去时；are created一般现在时的被动语态。主语Many modern trains与create之间是被动关系，且为复数。故选C。

12. (2018·江苏盐城)A lot of new roads __________ in order to develop the villages in the next five years.

A. built

B. were built

C. build

D. will be built

12.D 考查动词时态和语态。句意：为了发展农村，很多新的公路将要在以后五年里被建。根据时间状语“in the next five years”可知应用一般将来时；“roads”和动词“build”被被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。

31. (2017·四川眉山)—let’s go to play soccer. Peter.

—I’m afraid not. I'll need one more hour before my homework______.

A. has finished

B. finished

C. will be finished

D. is finished

D 【解析】考查动词语态、时态辨析。句意：——彼得，咱们一起去踢足球。——恐怕不行，我还需要一个多小时才能写完作业。从句中主语homework是动词finish的承受者，应用被动语态表达，可排除A、C两项；在before引导时间状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选D。

29. (2018·四川遂宁)Do you know the 32nd Olympic Games______ in Tokyo in 2020?

A. is held

B. hold

C. will hold

D. will be held

29. D 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境2020可知，事情发生在将来，故用一般将来时，且hold和句子主语the 23th Olympic Games构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态形式，即：will +be+done 的形式，故选D。

26. (2018·湖南永州中考) —Is our playground still over there?

—No, a large library on it two years ago.

A.is built

B. was built

C. has built

26. B【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——我们的操场还在那吗？——没有，两年前，建了一个大的图书馆。图书馆是被建的，应用被动语态；根据时间状语“两年前”判断时态为过去时。故选C。

2018年度中考真命题分类汇编精讲11被动语态

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2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及答案

2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋

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一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 2） has /have been done 现在完成时 3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时 4） was/were done 一般过去时 5） had been done 过去完成时 6） was/were being done 过去进行时 7） shall/will be done 一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将来时 9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态 v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态与完成时态) 。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、如何使用被动语态 学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。 1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。 例My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。有：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。 例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）

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高中英语语法：It的完整用法精讲 it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。 1. 人称代词it，是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如： 1）That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵，它有200多年的历史。 2）I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳，它能使我保持健康。 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。如： 3）It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？ it可用来指代团体。如： 4）The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会，拒绝了这项建议。 it用以代替指示代词this, that.如： 5）--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么？—是一支钢笔。 6）--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书？—是迈克的。 2. 指示代词it，常用以指人。如： 7）Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。 8）--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声？ --- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。 3.虚义it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如： 9）It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。 10）It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 11）It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark. 天气很冷；天下着雪，渐渐地变黑了。 it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如： 12）It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 13）How is it going with you? 你近况如何？ 14）Take it easy. 不要紧张。 it也常用于下列结构： 15）It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。 16）It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。 17）It's my turn. 该轮到我了。 it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语，各该习惯用语有具体意义，但it并无具体意义。如：cab it 乘车catch it 受责，受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 4. 先行词it. it充当形式主语或形式宾语，本身无意义，只起一种先行引导的作用，先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。 （1）用作形式主语

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初中被动语态详细讲解

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looks taste feels eg: ① How did you get lost in the mountain ？ ② They got married two months after their first sight. ㈡ 非谓语动词的被动语态 ★ 主动语态表被动意义的情况： ① 感官动词, 系动词 feel, look, taste, smell, sound ， 动词 read ，write ，sell, wash, clean, lock, dry, wear 等表主语的属性特征； 表示开始，结束，运动的动词 begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等; 用作谓语时，句子主语含有被动关系，但并不表示动作被执行，故不需用被动语态。如： 1. W hat he said 2. T he water in winter to be reasonable. cold. 3. W hatever my mother cooks delicious. 4. Y ou hairstyle vary fashionable. 5. T his pen writes well. 6. T he door won’t lock. 7. T he red coat of mine washes well. 8. T he shop closes at 10 o’clock every morning. 9. T he meeting ended in an friendly atmosphere. ② sb./sth. + be+ adj. to do , 此句中不定式 to do 与主语 sb./sth. T he text is easy to understand. (The text is easily to be understood.) T he water here isn’t fit to drink. ③ 少数动词如 print, build, cook, hang, make T he book is printing. 这本书正在排印中。 proved

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被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被 动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种 特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义 一、语态结构比较 语态 时态主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时①am\is\are ②do/does(V.\V.s) am\is\are+done(V. p.p) 一般将来时will\be going to\be(about)to+do(V.) will+be+done(V. p.p) 一般过去时①was\were ②did(V.-ed) was\were+done(V. p.p) 现在进行时am\is\are+doing(V.-ing) am\is\are+being+done(V. p.p) 过去进行时was\were+doing(V.-ing) was\were+being+done(V.p.p) 现在完成时have\has+done(V. p.p.) have\has+been+done(V. p.p) 过去完成时had+done(V. p.p.) had+been+done(V. p.p.) 情态动词情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+done(V. p.p.) 过去将来时would/should +V. would/should be +done(V. p.p.) 二、变被动句步骤 1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语 2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 主动语态变为被动语态例句： 一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.

初中英语被动语态讲解与练习

初中被动语态语法讲解 (一)语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Tｈey ｗill ｂuild a neｗｂｒidgｅoｖeｒthe rivｅr. (主动） A nｅw bｒｉdge will be buｉlt over the river.（被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在ｂｅ的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下： 一般现在时:am ／is/ arｅ＋donｅ 一般过去时：ｗａs／wｅrｅ＋ｄonｅ 一般将来时：ｓhａll/ wｉｌl +ｂe ｄｏne 一般过去将来时:sｈould ／woulｄ+ beｄoｎe 现在进行时:am / iｓ／are+ beinｇ+ done 过去进行时:wａs / were +ｂeiｎｇ+ done 现在完成时:have ／ｈａｓ+been+ ｄｏne 过去完成时：hａd + beｅn + done 将来完成时：sｈall /will+ ｈave bｅeｎ＋done 过去将来完成时:shouｌd / would +ｈａve been +doｎe [注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 （三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)Ｐeople gｒow rice iｎｔｈe south of tｈｅcountry. Rｉce is grown iｎthe ｓouth ｏf tｈe cｏuntｒy. （2)Theｓcｈｏoｌdoesn't alloｗus to entｅr the ｃhｅmistry lab wiｔhout a teaｃher. Wｅarｅｎoｔａllｏwed ｔo enter ｔｈe chemistry laｂwithｏuｔa teacｈer. 2．一般过去时： (1)They agrｅｅd on the ｂuiｌdｉｎg of a nｅw car facｔoryｌasｔmoｎtｈ. Ｔhｅbuildingｏf ａnew car ｆactory ｗaｓagreｅd on last moｎth. (2)Tｈｅstｕdenｔs diｄn't ｆorｇet hiｓｌeｓsoｎs easily． Hｉｓlessoｎs wｅｒeｎｏt easiｌy forｇotｔen 3.一般将来时： (1）Tｈeｙwill sｅｎｄcａrs ａbrｏａd by sea． Caｒｓwｉll ｂｅsenｔａbroａd ｂy sea． （2)Theｙｗillｇｉve plｅnty of jｏｂs ｔｏschｏoｌ-lｅavers． Plentyｏf jobs wｉll be giveｎtｏschoｏl-leavｅrs． 4．过去将来时:

高中英语被动语态讲解与练习1

被动语态 一、被动语态的基本构成 一般时is/am/are + done (现在) was/were + done (过去) will/shall be done (将来) 进行时is/am/are +being done (现在) was/were +being +done (过去) 完成时have/has +been +done (现在) had been done (过去) 练习： 1) Visitors ___________ (request) not to touch the exhibits. 2) All the preparations for the task_______________(complete), and we're ready to start. 3) Look, a new cinema _____________(build) here now． 4) I _____________ (give) ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5)By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______________(complete) in Beijing. 6) A meeting ___________________(hold) when I was there. 7) Hundreds of job_____________ (lose) if the factory closes. 8) The news ____________________(send) to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) The project ____________________(complete) before July. 10）He told me that his new clothes ____________________(make)very soon. 11）The baby ____________________(take care of) by the baby-sitter. 应该由保姆照顾 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 二. 主动语态与被动语态的转换 1. 主+谓+宾结构： Rowling wrote Harry Potter. ___________________________________________. The government supported the research. _____________________________________. No one has ever beaten her at tennis.________________________________________. We didn’t notice anything special in his work. __________________________________. 1.主+谓+间宾+直宾： His mother gave him a present for his birthday. _____________________________________________. My uncle bought me a new computer. _____________________________________________________. ______________________________________________________. Our teacher offered us many suggestions to reduce pressure._____________________________________. __________________________________________. 注意: 加to或者for She told me when the project would start. ______________________________________. 2.主+谓+宾+宾补： People call this team a cheer-leading squad. _____________________________________. 注意：在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, look at, watch, notice,observe, hear, listen to, feel,help等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.__________________________________. 3.表示“据说，相信，认为，期待”等动词后含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句，如； We know that he is the best dentist in the town. _______________________________________________. 重点拓展：It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。 三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 1.不及物动词的主动语态表被动意义。 （1）可用来表示主语内在“品质”“性能”的不及物动词：break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，常与well/ badly/easily/smoothly搭配。 １