英语词语辨析：[2]on,above, over等

英语词语辨析：[2]on,above,over等

on，above,over作为介词（prep.)都有“在……之上”的意思，但是用法有不同之处。

on

onprep.

英文释义：inorintoapositioncoveringtouchingorformingpartofa surface

中文释义：(覆盖、附着）在……上（意指接触物体表面或构成物体表面的一部分

）

eg.apictureonthewall墙上的画Thereisamarkonyourskirt.你裙子上有一块斑。Therearetwobooksonthetable。桌子上有两本书。on的反义词为under

over

用法1.

overprep.

英文释义：restingonthesurfaceofsb/sthandpartlyorpletely

中文释义：(部分或者全部覆盖）在……上面

eg.Sheputablanketoverthesleepingchild.她给熟睡的孩子盖上毯子。

Heworeanovercoatoverhissuit.他在西服外加了一件大衣。

对比：Sheputherhandoverhermouthtostopherselffromscreami

ng.

她用手捂住嘴，一面叫出声来。

Thegirldancedwithajaronherhead.那个女孩头顶罐子跳舞。

overprep.

用法2.

英文释义：inortoapositionhigherthanbutnottouchingsb/sth,abo vesb/sth

中文释义：悬在……上面，向……上方（此意时不接触下方物体，与above同意，二者可以通用），此时over

的反义词是below

eg.Darkcloudsareover(above)ourheads.我们上空乌云密布。

Therainbowisabove（over)us.我们上空有彩虹。

Thebalconyjutsoutover（above）thestreet.阳台伸

出在街道上方。

表示“在……正上方”，用over，此时over的反义词是under.

eg.Thependantlamphunerthediningtable.吊灯挂在餐桌的正上方。

Hisofficeisoverours.他的办公室就在我们头顶上。

对比：Hisofficeisaboveours.他的办公室在我们的上面（不在正上方）。

overprep.

用法3.

英文释义：fromonesideofsthtotheother;acrosssth 中文释义：从一边到另一边，穿越

eg.abridgeovertheriver横跨河面的桥，河面上的桥Theyranoverthegrass.他们从草地上跑过。Theyhadawonderfulviewoverthepark.

他们放眼望去，把公园的美丽景色尽收眼底。

above

aboveprep.

英文释义：atortoahigherplaceorpositionthansth/sb

中文释义：在（或向）……上面（不接触下面的物体），与over同义，反义词为below.

eg.Thebirdswerewheelingintheairabove（over）thebuilding.

鸟在建筑物的上空盘旋。

Theplaneisflyingabove(over)theclouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。

表示上下垂直的度量以及海拔高度时，用above.

eg.Thetemperatureisthreedegreesabovezero.温度在零上三度。

Thatmountainisabout5000feetabovesealevel.那座山大约海拔500英尺。

头衔、名次的高于……用above

eg.Acaptaininthenavyranksaboveacaptaininthear my.

海军的captain（上校）军衔比陆军的captain（上尉）要高。

Theyfinishedtheyearsixplacesabovetheirlocalri vals.

这一年结束，他们的排名比当地竞争对手高六个名次。

above和over都可以作副词adv.

above的意思是“上方”，“在上文”等；

over的意思是“遍及、越过”、“穿过”、“反转”、“结束”。

eg.Putitontheshelfabove.把它放到上面的搁板上。

ThescientistmentionedaboveisDr.QianWeichang. 上面提到的那位科学家是钱伟长博士。Shecleanedthefloorover.她把整个地板都打扫了。Comeoverandseeme.过来见我。Themeetingisover.会议结束了。

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