英汉翻译复习资料
1.Biting east winds; a piercing east wind; how many winter days have I seen him, standing blue-nosed in the snow and east wind! 刺骨的东风/冬风；刺骨的东风/冬风；许多冬日我都看见他哆嗦地/冻的发紫地站立在风雪中。
waste money like water花钱如流水fish in the air水中捞月have other fish to fry另有要事/另有企图 drink like a fish牛饮
She sailed through the hall.她自由自在地走过大厅 a cold fish冷漠的人All is fish that comes to one’s net.凡能到手的都要
You can’t make a crab walk straight.江山易改，本性难移。
二、习俗的差异
狼心狗肺 be as cruel as a wolf 走狗 running dogs
狗眼看人低 act like a snob; 狗腿子 pawn; henchman
狗仗人势be a bully under the protection of a powerful person; A dog bites on the strength of his master’s position
1.She is a real dragon, you’d better keep away from her.（她是凶狠的母夜叉，最好离她远点）。
2.a willing horse 肯干的人
3.to work like a horse 努力工作，在汉语里马也经常比喻为吃苦耐劳的象征。
4.dark horse 实力难测的竞争者。
5.to change horse 调换领导，在这里，马是领头的意思，而中国有“执牛耳”与之相关。
6.顺其自然 Let nature take its course in accordance with its natural tendency
听其自然leave the matter as it is; take the world as it is
听天安命accept the situation
听天由命be at the mercy of nature; wait for one’s fate
6.明枪易躲，暗箭难防 It is easy to dodge a spear thrust in the open, but difficult to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.
7.脚踩两只船 straddle two boats; have a foot in either camp
8.脚踏实地 have a down-to-earth manner
9.蒙在鼓里 be kept in the dark
10胆小如鼠 be chicken-hearted/ as timid as a mouse
11. 理想很丰满，现实却很骨感。
Your idea seems fully-developed, but the reality is actually fragile.
3) 词义空缺(semantic zero)
1.糖葫芦 Tanghulu, a sugar-coated fruit on the stick which is a kind of children’s favorite food in winter
2.特困生 the most needy student 乌纱帽 an official post
站票 standing-room-only tickets
词语翻译实践：
1.我肩膀酸痛。My shoulders are stiff. 他膝盖酸痛。He has a pain in the knee.
2.胳膊酸痛 I have a pain in the arm 牙齿有点酸I have a toothache.
3.我的肌肉因为举重而感到酸痛。My muscles are sore from lifting weights.
4.眼睛酸痛My eyes ache.
5.牡丹江水，汹涌澎湃，万马奔腾，一泻千里。Waves upon waves, the Peony River rushed violently down its long courses like a horse galloping.
6.说是说了，没有结果。I’ve made proposals, but they proved futile.
7.我常见许多青年的朋友，聪明用功，成绩优异，而语文程度不足以达意，甚至写一封信亦难得通顺，问其故则曰其兴趣不在语文方面。I have come across a great many bright and diligent young friends who have done exceedingly well in their studies, but are rather weak in Chinese. They cannot even write a letter in correct Chinese. When I asked them why, they said they were not interested in the Chinese language.
8.人穷志短When a man is poor his ambition is not far-reaching. (Poverty stifles ambition.)
9.人穷志不短.Though one is poor, he has high ambition.
10.人有脸，树有皮.The face is as important to a man as the bark to a tree.
11.十年树木，百年树人。It takes ten years to grow trees, but one hundred years to rear people.
汉英篇章对比
1.这幅画是一部用思考和修养完成的杰作，它既有历史感又有现代艺术语言的独特性。
The painting is a masterpiece reflecting deep insight and artistic attainments; it expresses a sense of history by using specific modern artistic vocabulary.
2.志强特别喜欢聊，主要是喜欢别人听自己聊，不喜欢有人插话或反驳，否则就会满脸不高兴。不过，他总是聊得大家兴趣盎然，所以听他一个人聊谁都没意见。
Zhiqiang was fond of talking, but preferred to talk alone, and if interrupted or contradicted was apt to show displeasure; his conversation, however, was so agreeable that none minded if he monopolized it.
3.那声声燃放的鞭炮是辞旧迎新的欢呼。新世纪的新年，就在这欢跃的气氛中，一下子走近了。The exploding firecrackers bid farewell to the passing year and cheered for the coming of a new one. The centennial New Year is just around the corner and clothed in the delightful mood.
3.以往过年都是打发小孩一点钱，现在可不这样了。In the past, they would dismiss the kids with some money as a gift for the lunar New Year, but not nowadays.(省略 Ellipsis)
4.去年有50个社区获“文明社区”称号今年又将有20个社区获此殊荣。
Last year 50 communities were named as “civilized community”; this year, 20 more will be given the title.(省略 Ellipsis)
5.虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. (对偶Antithesis 排比 Parallelism)
6.燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的你，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？ Swallows fly away, yet return; willows wither, yet burgeon again; peach-blossom fades, yet blooms afresh. But tell me, you who are wise, why do our days depart never to return?(对偶Antithesis 排比 Parallelism) (随堂练习)据说钢琴家都有音乐细胞，是遗传的；我想我父亲是工程师，母亲是技术员，哪会遗传什么音乐细胞呀。‖可是好多天我脑子里尽想这些，我是在做梦了。我不是做发财梦。为了发财，我的几个好朋友都下海了。她们的金戒指和精美项链有时也让我看得眼花缭乱，但是透过这些东西我仿佛看见她们也有难言之隐，使我对这种发财狂热望而生畏，退避三舍。‖失望之余，我孤独自处，被缺乏自信的情绪沉重地笼罩着，只好转向梦想求得勇气，来好高骛远地希冀那得不到的东西。‖我深信我要想买得起钢琴，首先必须在学业上求上进，力求学历尽量高些。
People say a pianist is supposed to have music in the blood, but I believe I had none from my engineer father and technician mother.
For days on end, I kept thinking of nothing else. I had a dream. It wasn't a dream after gold, which enticed some of my close friends to engage in business as a self-employed trader or a street pedlar. I was sometimes dazzled by their gold rings or elegant necklaces behind which, however, I seemed to catch sight of skeletons in their cupboards and was frightened away from the craze for fortune.
Out of despair, I retreated into seclusion, diffidence weighing heavy on me. I could do nothing but turn to my dream for courage to aim high and wish for the impossible.
I was convinced that before I could afford a piano, I should climb up the academic ladder as high as possible.
1.除夕夜的团圆饭 Family Reunion Dinner
2.南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。
The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune.
3.此人是书就读。 This man reads every book he can reach.
4.是可忍，孰不可忍 If this can be tolerated, what cannot?
5.是古非今 praise the past to condemn the present
6.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it --- this is knowledge.
7.咱们俩的事儿，是一条绳上拴着两只蚂蚱---谁也跑不了！
We’re like two grasshoppers tied to one cord, neither can get away!
8.去设埋伏我们都没有信心，想他一定在昨天晚上就早溜了，今天去也是瞎子点灯白费蜡。
We had no confidence in today’s ambush because we were sure he had escaped last night. It seemed as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.
9.他如此唠叨,同伴们给他起了个“麻雀”的外号。
He was so fond of talking that his comrades nicknamed him “magpie”.
10.我宁愿见她一两面就算了──我还能干什么呢？你没看到她和我不怎么相称吗？我要干点什么，也只会碰一鼻子灰。
I’d much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it---what could I do about it anyway? She’s a bit out of my class, don’t you think? If I did try to do anything, I’d only get sent off with a flea in my ear.
11.在我的后园，可以看见墙外有两株树，一株是枣树，还有一株也是枣树。
Behind the wall of my backyard you can see two trees. One is a date tree, the other is also a date tree.
12.克明：觉新哪，你听着！
Keming: Juexin, I want you to pay particular attention to this.
13.别在我面前猫哭耗子，你自己知道你对他们遭遇不幸有多高兴。
Don’t shed crocodile tears to me; you know you are really glad that they’re met with misfortune
14.只要不露一丁点儿行迹，你私底下怎么干都行。
Do what you like under the rose, but don’t give a sign of what you are about.
15 小马也就是十二三岁，脸上还瘦。
Xiao Ma was no more than 12 or 13 years old, with a very lean face.
16. 她怎么好好的就自杀了？这也怪了！
Why should she have committed suicide for no reason？It’s rather odd.
17. 他对事情的进展情况也还满意He is quite satisfied with the way things went.
18. 心有余而力不足One’s ability falls short of one’s wishes.
19. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。 I will always bear your advice in mind
20. 如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。
You’ll hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday.
21. 居心叵测 To nurse evil intentions.
22. 得人心者得天下 Those who gain popularity among the people will gain the power.
23. 劳心者治人，劳力者治于人。
Those who work with brains rule and those who with their brawn are ruled.
24. 哀莫大于心死 The greatest despair comes from a devastated heart..
1.只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。
Only when they are both interested in their talk and desire to continue their friendship, will they exchange their visiting cards. It will seem somewhat improper to present one’s visiting card before any real conversation gets under way. 2：“三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮”，这就是说，群众有伟大的创造力。
Th e old saying, “Three cobblers with their wits combined would equal Zhuge Liang- the master mind,” simply means the masses have great creative power.
3.人民生活总体上达到小康水平。
On the whole，the people have reached a well—off standard of living。
4.“小康社会”译为well—off society，“全面建设小康社会”译为build a well—off
society in an all—round way。
5.人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship
6.综合国力 aggregate national strength
7.社会主义物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism
8.依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue
9.长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity and sharing weal and woe
10.宜昌是巴楚文化的发源地，诞生了屈原、王昭君等千古风流人物。
Yichang City is the birthplace of Chinese Bachu culture as well as many great personalities through the ages, such as the great poet Qu Yuan and the famous beauty Wang Zhaojun.
11.中国庙宇的墙上经常会绘有八卦、阴阳和太极的图案。
The Eight Trigrams, the Ying-yang symbol and the Taiji emblem are often depicted on the walls of Chinese temples.
12.王献之的书法笔走龙蛇、一气呵成。
Wang Xianzhi, a famous 4th century Chinese calligrapher, wrote a whole piece of characters with the twist and turn of a single continuous movement of the brush like that of dragons.
13.这对年轻夫妇并不相配，一个是西施，一个是张飞。
This young couple is not well-matched, one is a Xi Shi- a famous Chinese beauty, while
the other is a Zhang Fei- a well-known ill-tempered brute.
False Friends
mad doctor 精神病科医生
eleventh hour 最后时刻/关键时刻
blind date （由第三者安排的）男女初次会面
driveway (私人修建的从主干道到自家车库门前的)引道
confidence man 骗子
service station 加油站
familiar talk 庸俗的交谈
capital idea 好主意
black art 妖术
blue stocking 女学者、女才子American beauty 红蔷薇
Spanish athlete 吹牛大王
Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年
in one's birthday suit 赤身裸体
an apple of love 西红柿
wine shop 售卖酒类的商店
parkway 林荫大道
oil skin 防水油布
pull one‘s leg 开某人玩笑
high school 美国的中学
yellow book 电话簿
street people 流浪者
dry goods 纺织物（美）、谷物（英）
paper money 纸币、钞票
兵马俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta 黄色书籍 pornography
干货 dried goods
密码 password
洗牌shuffling the tiles
方便面 instant noodles
救火to fight the fire
蝴蝶结 bow
酸奶yogurt
绿豆mung bean
海狗 fur seal
马屁 flattery
酸奶 yoghurt
行车道 lane/carriageway
休息室 lounge
食言 break a promise
戴绿帽子 be a cuckold/ be cuckolded 翻天覆地 turn the world upside down 好好先生 yes-man
试穿to try on
好好男人yes-man
宣传popularize/publicize
农民farmer
“气管炎” a hen-pecked man
eat one’s words 承认说错话四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle
wear a green bonnet 破产小炒 home-style dishes
to move heaven and earth 不遗余力/千方百计白酒Chinese liquor
goody-goody 假正经的人/伪君子黑点 black dot
sea dog 海豹（赤陶） Army
a horse’s ass 二百五/2B 复习备考 to prepare for the test sour milk 变质发酸的牛奶红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals rest room 公共厕所武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie green bean 四季豆
have a one-track mind 一门心思
素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education
头脑一根筋 a stick in the mud/ be block-minded
高等学校 institution of higher learning
街上的行人 people in the street/pedestrian
门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match
文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）：The Four Treasure of the Study——Brush, Ink stick, Paper, and Ink stone
相声小品：Cross-talk/ Comic Dialogue；Short Sketch/ Act
号脉 feel the pulse 京剧 Beijing Opera
龙舟 dragon boat 春卷 spring roll
思想改造 ideological remolding 一国两制 one country, two systems 八宝莲子粥 Eight-Treasure Lotus Seed Porridge 文化大革命 Cultural Revolution
满月酒 One-Month-Old Birthday Feast 龙虎斗 Dragon and Tiger Fight 西岳 the Western Mountain 独生子女证 The Certificate of One-child 长征 the Long March 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
灯影牛肉 Shadow Beef 练摊 to do business
牌楼memorial arch 皮蛋preserved eggs
加注：
九州 Jiuzhou-a poetic name for China
铁饭碗 iron rice bowl, a job that is stable, reliable, and guaranteed for life 西施 Xishi, a famous beauty during the late Spring and Autumn Period in the ancient State of Yue
1) 那位小伙子真是喝了大胆汤。That young man has great courage, indeed!
2) 这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗？
That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in it?
3) 别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！
You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed.
4) 这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I was extremely terrified by that news.
5) 他万万没想到在他前进的道路上竟会出现这么多拦路虎！
He had never expected that so many obstacles would stand in his way.
随堂练习：成语的翻译方法
1.覆水难收
2.孤掌难鸣
直译：Split water cannot be gathered.直译： You can’t clap with one hand. 意译：What is done cannot be undone.意译： It’s difficult to achieve 套译：There is no use crying over split milk. anything without support.
套译： He who stands alone has no power.
3.忠言逆耳
4.指鹿为马
直译：Faithful words offend the ears.直译： call a stag a horse
意译：Truth hurts.意译： willful misrepresentation 套译：Truth is a hard pill to swallow. 套译： talk black into white
5.凅泽而鱼
6.换汤不换药
直译：drain the pond to catch all the fish直译： change the liquid but not the drugs 意译：ruin the source of supply 意译： a change in form but not in essence 套译：kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 套译： old wine in new bottles
7.同病相怜Misery loves company.
8.举世无双It has no counterpart in the world．
9.我庆幸自己死里逃生。I congratulate myself on my narrow escape.
10.这些姑娘打扮得花枝招展。
The girls arrayed themselves in their finest clothes．
11.这两种理论虽然各有千秋，但它们是并行不悖的。
The two theories vary， but they are compassable.
12.事事巧合使他心满意足。All things conspired to make him contented。
13.她有极高天分，得天独厚。She is richly endowed by nature.
14.你别想用这套花言巧语来哄骗我。You can't come round with such yarns．
15.还有那么多工作要做，弄得他灰心丧气。
16.He was daunted by the amount of work still to be done.
17.他无可推委，哑口无言。He was silent in default by any excuse.
18.他挖空心思反而把事情全盘弄糟了。He contrived to make a mess of the whole thing. Borrowing the Subjects of Chinese Sentences Directly
2.我们的房子是一百多年前建造的。 Our house was built over a hundred years ago.
3. 人有失错，马有漏蹄。 As a horse may tumble, so a man may make mistakes.
4. 假日里，青年人成双成对漫步在公园里。The young people in pairs and couples rambled about the park on holidays.
5. 基于丝绸之路带来的灵感，我们的火炬接力，将途径希腊，埃及，美索不达米亚，波斯，印度和中国，这些都以“共享和平，共享奥运”为主题。
With a concept inspired by the Silk Road, our torch relay will travel through Greece, Egypt, Rome, Mesopotamia, Persia, India and China, carrying the message “Share the peace, Share the Olympics”.
6. 我们每个人都知道，大气污染不仅影响了环境，而且严重损害了人的健康，大大缩短了人的寿命。
Everyone of us knows that air pollution does more than affect our environment; it cripples and shortens the lives of human beings.
Finding New Subjects for the Corresponding English Sentences
1. 中国在四千年前就发明了指南针。
The compass was invested in China four thousand years ago.
2. 深圳经济特区正在采取措施抑制房地产投机热。
Officials in Shenzhen’s Special Economic Zone are taking steps to cool a frenzy of property speculation.
3. 世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。
a. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities.
b. The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena.
4. 一九六四年十月，中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。
a. In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world greatly.
b. China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world.
5. 胎又瘪了。a. The tire turns flat again. b. We’ve got another flat tire.
练习
1. 空旷的山野上荡起了她甜甜的笑声。
In the wilderness, her sweet sounds of laughter rose and fell like waves.
2. 她从来没有想到他是个不道德的人It never occurs to her that he was an immoral man.
3. 他只要听到几句恭维的话就会得意忘形。
A little flattery would get him carried away.
4. 他们的意见有分歧。They are divided in their opinions.
5. 那无赖什么都干得出来。Anything is possible with that rascal.
Adding Subjects to the Corresponding English Sentences
6.沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。
Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.
7.活到老，学到老。 One is never too old to learn.
8.知己知彼，百战不殆。 If you know yourself as well as the enemy, you can fight a
hundred battles with no danger of defeat.
9.不承认这一定律，就不是物理学家。
Anyone who does not recognize this law is not a physicist.
10. 除了枪声，再也没有其他声音。 There was no sound but that of the gunfire.
11. 现在很难说谁对谁错。At the moment, it is very difficult to tell who is right
and who is wrong.
12. 为了维持生计，有沉重和繁琐的家务要干。不少家庭主妇被家务活累坏了身体。In order
to make a living, many housewives have to do a lot of heavy housework so that they finally break down.
13.人们认为他翻译的这首诗不忠实于原文。 His translation of this poem was regarded unfaithful.
14.上海近几年发生的巨大变化赢得全世界人民的赞叹。
That Shanghai has changed greatly in recent years has won admiration from people all over the world.
1. 中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。
The Central Government has never intervened in the affairs of the HKSAR.
2. 中国经济将融入世界经济的大潮。
The economy of China will converge with that of the world.
3. 这事儿到了现在，还是时时记起。Even now, this remains fresh in my memory.
4. 我们大为惊奇的是，那幢经受强烈的地震而幸存下来的唯一的建筑物竟是砖木结构的。To our great surprise, the only building that survived the violent earthquake was one of brick and wood structure.
5. 现在，连我们也欠饷啊！ Nowadays even we aren’t always paid on time.
6. 在同新闻界谈话的时候，上海人使用越来越多的最高级形容词。
You can hear Shanghai people using more and more adjectives of the superlative degree when they talk to the press.
7. 过去的五十年并不是发明创新的黄金时期
The past fifty years was not really a golden age for inventions and creations.
8. 他给我的印象是，态度非常呆板僵硬，仿佛肚子里吞下了一根拨火棒似的。
He had given me the impression of absolute rigidity, as though he had swallowed
a poker.
9. 迄今为止，教育工作还没有找到比考试更有效、更可靠的方法。
So far, there has been no way which is more effective and reliable than exams in education.
10. 结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。
The practice of giving lavish feast at weddings can well be dispensed with. 句内语序调整实例
1.别的方面呢？平常女孩子所喜好的事，她却一点都不爱。
A nd what’s more, she didn’t share the same likes with ordinary girls.
2.沙发上坐着一个人。A man was sitting on a couch.
3.这甜蜜的犬吠声一直把我送入我在加德满都过的第一夜的梦中。
The sweet barking sent me straight into the dreams I had on my first night at Katmandu.
4.在机器中很多能量是由于部件之间的摩擦而损失的。
In a machine a great deal of energy is lost because of the friction between its parts.
4.他们很细心地观察化学变化。
They observed the chemical reaction with great care.
5.他们肩并肩地以疯狂速度向那座石塔奔去。
Side by side they ran at a fantastic speed towards the stone pagoda.
句间语序调整实例
1.佗用刀刮骨，悉悉有声。
The knife made a thin, grating sound as it scraped the surface.
2.如果说白天广州像座翡翠城，那么当太阳沉没，广州就成了一颗夜明珠，灯光如海，千街闪烁。
If Guangzhou is like a city of jadeite in the daytime, it becomes a luminous pearl, with a sea of lights twinkling in the streets after the sun sets in the west. 3.一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难：但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。
How significant can one’s life be at all. Is there a criterion of judgment? Of course, it is difficult to come up with an absolute one, but a general look at whether he takes life seriously and how he treats his work and life will make it easier to duly evaluate the significance of his being.
4.古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等，莫不如此。
Throughout history, men with great achievements all treated their life seriously. While alive, they always tried to do more work and study, never allowing their youthful days to slip for nothing. Our working people through the ages as well as great politicians and great thinkers are all cases in point
1. 他猛然倒在一把椅子上，椅子被压得吱吱响。He crashed down on a protesting chair.
2. 在我们学校里这一点表现为：教鞭消失了，心理老师出现了。
In our school this is reflected by the vanishing stick and the emerging psychiatrist.
3. 大学生不应该把他们辛苦挣来的钱都用来上馆子和约会。
College students should not spend their hard-earned money on dining out or dating.
4. 允许美国战俘接受红十字会的食品包裹，允许他们写信，但信要经过检查。
American prisoners are permitted to receive Red Cross food parcels and write censored letters.
5. 由于形势混乱，引起了政府的严重关注。
The chaotic situation caused serious concern.
6. 讲座提供了很多信息，给我们留下了深刻的印象。
The informative lecture impressed all of us.
7. 路面结冰，加上能见度很低，因而导致了这场交通事故。
Icy road and poor visibility led to the accident.
二、定语位置的调整
1.古老的中原文化 the time-honored Central Plain culture 浩瀚的大海 the vast sea 摔断了左腿的男人 a man with a broken left leg 懂礼貌的人 a man of good manners
2.山东曲阜是中国古代著名思想家，教育家孔子的故乡。
Qufu, Shandong province, is the birthplace of Confucius, a well-renowned ancient Chinese thinker and teacher.
3.中国现存规模最大，保存最完整的古代建筑群。
The best-preserved magnificent ancient architectural complexes in China.
4.他是依然健在的最伟大的科学家。He is the greatest writer alive.
5.这是可能取得的最令人满意的结果了。This is the most satisfactory result obtainable.
6.你能指给我看莎士比亚曾经住的那间屋子吗？
Can you show me the house where Shakespeare once lived?
7.我永远忘不了我们第一次见面的那一天。I shall never forget the day when we first met.
8.只有在河水很浅的地方我们才能涉水而过。We can only ford where the river is very shallow.
9.他是一个值得同情的人。He is a man deserving of sympathy.
10.日本和我国是一衣带水的邻邦。Japan is our close neighbor separated only by a narrow strip of water.
11.那一座书架上的书都是有关生态学的。The books on that shelf are all on ecology.
12大街上奔跑着各种品牌的汽车。Cars of different brands run along the street.
13.元宵夜，街上挂着各式各样精巧的灯笼。On the evening of the Lantern Festival, the
15th of the first lunar month, exquisite lanterns of diverse designs are hung along the streets.
14人类没有空气就无法生存，这是十分自然的。It is very natural that man couldn’t live without air.
15.他比赛失败，我感到很惊讶。I was not a little surprised that he lost the game.
16.你丈夫念书，你挣钱养家，他不会感到不自在吧。I hope your husband doesn’t feel bad about it, with him studying and you earning money.
17.女主人已经离开人世，再没有人喂它了。它好像已经意识到这一点。
He must have been aware that nobody was going to feed him after the death of his mistress.
18.居然没有一个人倾听这个意见，真是太遗憾了。
It is a pity that nobody should be on the listen.
19中国娱乐界怎样的趋势，我却不大了解，也不很注意。
I am not too clear, not too interested, either, regarding current trends in China’s entertainment world.
20.约翰的中国之行，给他留下最深刻印象的是杭州西湖之秀美。
The beauty of the West Lake in Hangzhou was what impressed John most during his trip to China.
21.父亲母亲的形象还能回忆一点儿，但很模糊。
Even today I can recollect what my own parents looked like but, of course, my impression is blurry.
22.早晨的公园里，遛鸟者时常可见。
Taking a walk in parks with caged birds in hand is a common scene in the early morning.
23如果没有太阳，什么都不能生存。Without the sun, nothing could live.
24.这里周围，无论是苍蝇还是蚊子，一只也找不到。Not a fly nor a mosquito was found around here.
25中国在任何时间和任何情况下都不会首先使用核武器。
At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
26.有时孩子们下棋并不全是为了娱乐。Sometimes the children don’t play chess for amusement
27.从前线回来的人说起白求恩，没有一个不佩服，没有一个不为他的精神所感动。
No one who returned from the front failed to express admiration for Bethune whenever his name was mentioned, and none remained unmoved by his action.
28.这头大象不像一堵墙，不像长矛，不像蛇，不像树也不像扇子。
The elephant isn’t like a wall or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.
29.那部车无法爬上那个山坡。The car failed to climb the hill.
30.你没有射中靶子。You have just missed the target.
31.公共场合请勿吐痰。Please refrain from spitting in the public places.
32.他们不准这陌生人进入室内。They excluded the stranger from entering the room.
33.他所做的事没有达到要求。 What he has done falls short of the requirements.
34.他是个寡言少语的人。He is a man of few words.
35他不懂拉丁文。He is quite ignorant of Latin.
36.欺骗与他的本质格格不入。 Deception is foreign to his nature.
37.这地方没有天花和瘟疫。The place is safe from smallpox and plague.
38.过量饮酒有损于你的健康。Drinking too much will do no good to your health.
39他在这上面费了很多力。He took no little pain over it.
40.家家有本难念的经。Which family doesn’t have problems.
41.这个问题越重视越好。We cannot value this matter too much.
42.医生必须尽忠于自己的职责。Doctors cannot be too faithful to our duties.
陈述句随堂翻译练习
1. 在过去的几十年，先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
2. 这是一个关系到生死的问题，任何国家都不能忽视。
This is a matter of life and death- a matter no country can afford to ignore.
3. 孙先生手创之中国国民党，历经艰险，无数先烈前仆后继，终于推翻帝国，建立民国。
After going through untold hardships during which countless revolutionaries unflinchingly laid down their lives, the Kuomingtang founded by Dr. Sun Yat- sen finally overthrow the monarchy and established the republic.
4.青出于蓝而胜于蓝。
The students often surpass their teacher./ The pupil outdoes the master.
5. 谋事在人，成事在天。 Man proposes, Heaven/God disposes.
6. 她优美的歌声令观众如醉如痴。Her beautiful voice enraptured the audience.
7. 她，一个瘦弱多病的女孩子，以她的坚强毅力些出了一部部催人奋进的小说。
Sickly and weak the girl is, she wrote one inspiring novel after another with her strong will.
疑问句随堂翻译练习
1.你希望留在部队还是到地方上去？
Would you like to stay in the army or leave for a non-military unit?
2.时常会有些东西触动你的心，使你激昂，使你欢乐，使你忧愁，使你深思，这不是诗又是什么呢？
There is always something that can inspire you or motivate you. There is always something that can bring you joy or sorrow. There is always something that can get you depressed and set you thinking. Can it be anything but poetry?
3. 这种人闹什么呢？闹名誉，闹地位，闹出风头。
What are these people after? They are after fame and position and want to be in the limelight.
祈使句随堂翻译练习
1.请提醒大家，明天的排球比赛延期了。
Please remind everybody that tomorrow’s volleyball match has been put off. 2.让侵略者们放马过来吧！我们的武装力量会立即将他们消灭。
Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time. 3.理论必须密切联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。
That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.
4.“混蛋！再打一个电话去！叫他马上来见我！”
“You blasted idiots! Go and ring him up again and tell him to come round at once!”公共标识语
1.禁止通行 No Passing
2.禁止赌博 Gambling is prohibited.
3.请勿触摸 Hands Off
4.本阅览室参考书不得私自携出All the reference books are not to be taken out of the reading room without permission.
感叹句随堂翻译练习
1.真是把我饿死了呀！I’m nearly starved to death!
2.真遗憾！你的想象力太丰富了。What a pity! You’ve got into wild flights of fancy.
3.那边是南国风光，山是青的，水是绿的，小溪流更是清可见底！ Over there we have the typical southern scenery with blue mountains, green waters and limpid brooks!
4.啊！黄河，你是中华民族的摇篮！
Oh！Huanghe River/ Yellow River，the cradle of Chinese nation！
5.这位女演员在舞会上真是光彩照人啊！
How gorgeous the actress was when she appeared at the ball！
6.那位政客在那场辩论中可真是丑态百出呀！
That politician acted like a buffoon during the debate
语气与交际功能不一致随堂翻译练习
1.难道这枚钻石不是我们所见过的最珍贵的一颗吗？
Isn’t it the most precious diamond we‘ve ever seen！
2.不是每个人都有表演的天赋，你为什么不尝试一下呢？
All of us are not talented artists; nevertheless, why don’t you have a try?
3.他有着这样的母亲，出生在这样的地方和这样一类人中间。他很清楚，如果这些让她全知
道的话，能不丢面子吗？
And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born！
4.人非圣贤，孰能无过？ It is human to err.
句子翻译综合练习
1.我告诉朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他提出这样一个问题：你为什么要教书呢？美国人受
的教育是长大成人后应该去追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不朝这个方向“发展”，这使他大
惑不解。
Why do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didn’t want
to be considered for an administrative position. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want whe n they grow up: money and power.
2.我之所以教书，不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，也不是因为我满腹经纶，非得与他人分享不可。有时，学生竟把我课上讲的东西做了笔记，这令我感到很惊异！
Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class!
3. 笼里养着两只母鸡，一只爱唱，另一只喜静。︱︱解说主人根据母鸡下蛋之后报唱的现
象，以为所有的蛋都是那只唱鸡产的。︱︱因果因此很偏爱它，捉的蟑螂也专喂给它吃。︱
︱转折但日子一久，秘密揭穿了，原来那只唱鸡下蛋很少，而不叫的那只却一天一个，且蛋
刚落地就一声不吭离开鸡窝，由那只唱鸡在蛋边大喊大叫。
There were two hens in a coop. one was fond of cackling while the other liked to keep quiet. As it is customary for a hen to cackle after laying an egg, the chicken raiser accordingly credited the cackler with all the eggs that have been laid. As
a result, he became so partial to his favorite bird that he fed her with every cockroach he caught. With the passing of time, however, it became known that the cackler had in fact laid very few eggs while the non-cackler kept laying one egg
a day. Every time, as soon as the latter laid an egg, she quit the coop quietly, leaving the former standing by the newly-laid egg shouting and yelling her head off. 4.. 白杨不是平凡的树。它在西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似：它有极强的生
命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方的农民相似。
White poplars are no ordinary trees. But these common trees in Northwest China
are as much ignored as our peasants in the North. However, like our peasants in the North, they are budting with vitality and capable of aurviving any hardship or oppression.
5. 过去，人们并没有充分认识到环境污染给环境造成的影响，只是把它看成一种会熏黑房
屋，弄脏河流的令人讨厌的东西，直到不久前才认识到还会对人体健康造成威胁，而且这种
威胁之大，足以影响许多生命的生存，甚至摆阔人类本身的生存。
The effect of pollution on the environment was not fully realized. Until recently
pollution was regarded as a nuisance that blackened buildings and sullied streams rather than a threat to human health. The threat has become so great as to challenge the survival of many living things, including man himself.
6. 广东对多数中国人来说曾经是一个特殊并充满神秘感的省份。‖因果这多半是由于它毗邻香港的缘故。‖解说自从中国共产党在1949年建立政权以后，香港成为地理上距中国大陆最近而政治制度及意识形态与大陆大相径庭的一个区域。‖因果广东因此成为一个窗口，刺激并满足着中国人和外国人相互间对“异端”的好奇心。
To many Chinese, Guangdong province was in the past a peculiar, mysterious place due to its close proximity to Hong Kong. In 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party assumed power in China, Hong Kong maintained a completely different political system and ideology, despite being geographically a part of the mainland. Guangdong, therefore, became the window through which Chinese and foreigners kept an eye on one another.
7.当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民生活水平。为了实现这一目标，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放生产力；我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国建设成强大的社会主义国家。
Our primary task at present is to develop national economy and promote the living standards of the people. Therefore, we must reform the old economic system so as to further liberate productive forces. Moreover, we should be open to the outside world so that we can learn advanced science and technology from other countries. And we are sure to build China into a powerful socialist country so long as we stick to the reform and opening policy.
8. 世界上一些国家发生问题，从根本上来说，都是因为经济上不去，没有饭吃，没有衣穿，没有房住，工资增长被通货膨胀抵消，生活水平下降，大批人下岗和失业，长期过紧日子。Basically the root cause for social unrest in some countries lies in their failure to boost their economy. Consequently they lack food, clothing and shelter and their wage increases are offset by inflation. With a decline in living standards, widespread layoffs and unemployment, people have to suffer chronic hardship.
专八汉英段落翻译精讲
脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是传自明朝的故事。白蛇精与青蛇精化作美女来到人间。白蛇精与一位书生相爱并生一子。禅师法海认为他们的结合违反传统婚姻，伤风败俗。他气急败坏，于是他派神兵神将前来捉拿白蛇精，并将她镇压在一座塔下面。后来，青蛇精在深山中修炼，习武多年，终于砸烂了那座塔，救出白蛇精。至此，白蛇精与丈夫、儿子又得团聚。在《白》剧中，蛇被赋予了崇高的人性。
The White Snake, a popular traditional Beijing opera, is based on (tells of) a story handed down from the Ming Dynasty.
White Snake Spirit and Green Snake Spirit metamorphosed themselves into two beautiful girls and ventured into the human world. White Snake fell in love with a young scholar, married him and gave birth to a son. Fahai, a Buddhist monk, regarded their union as a violation of conventional marriages and a degeneration of moral standards.Much enraged, he sent divine troops from heaven to capture White Snake, incarcerating her underneath a pagoda by using his magical powers.For many years afterwards, Green Snake hid herself in the remote mountains to vigorously practice magic power and martial arts and in the end succeeded in toppling the pagoda and
rescuing her mistress.
By now White Snake was able to reunite with her husband and son. The snake in the opera assumes a noble personality.