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高中英语定语从句引导词which和that的区别

定语从句引导词which 和that的区别

1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如：

Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? 李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？

There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。

All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。

There is little that I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。

He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed. 他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：

Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。

All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。

2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

4．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如：

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。

After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。

5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：

Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？

Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？

6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如：

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school 他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。

Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴

Which引导的定语从句在语法和语用功能有利于区别于that引导的定语从句的鲜明特色。一、语法要点。

①有宽阔的指代范围。不仅可措代主句中某一先行词___名词（A），还可以指代主句中某些句子成分，如不定式宾补，不定式宾语，动宾结构等（B），甚至整个主句

（C）。后两项功能是that所没有的。

（A）The computer which(=that) I bought yesterday is home made.

（B）Yesterday I asked him to go to the cinema with me, which agreed(昨天我要他同我一道去看电影，他同意了)。

He wishes to get quick rich without any labour, which we think only Wishful thinking (他想不劳而获，迅速致富，我们认为这是想入非非)。

（C）The sun heats the earth，Which is very important to living things(太阳晒热地球，这对于万物是十分重要的)。

②非限定性定语从句中，无论主语还是宾语，关系代词用which不用that;即使which作宾语也不省去。

Football, which is very interesting, is played all over the world.

I never give up learning foreign languages. Which I fink to de a bridged to the world(我从没有放弃过外语学习，因为我发现外语是通向世界的桥梁)。

（比较下一句关系代词作宾语可省去的限定性定语从句。二者在这一点上的区别一目了然：It is the computer (that /which) I bought last week.）

③“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句有一下四点值得注意。

A:当介词前置时，关系代词用which而非that；而且which不省去。

The pencil with he was writing broke.

无The pencil with that he was writing broke;也无The pencil with he was writing broke.

(注：当介词后置于定语从句动词后面，并且从句是定性的，关系代词which, that可互换，能省略。This is the room which/that the great man once worked in.)

B:先行词表示时间，定语从句可用关系副词（when;先行词表示地点，定语从句可用关系副词where:

We’ll never forget the day on which (-when )we visited the Great wall.

They went to the village where(-at which )the oil well was located定位）。

C：此结构再延伸，出现“名词/代词+of/among+关系代词”的格局，名词又有数量意义，如“许多，一些，大部分，20个等”，则整个短语译作“其中许多；其中一些…”：

On the crowded bus were school children, many of whom were from Beijing.

也可以把名词/代词称到关系代词后面，整个短语的功能不变：

He borrowed from the library novels and magazines, among which some are in English.

D:此延伸结构若是“名词+介词of+关系代词”的格局，名词无数量意义，则同于whose+名词：He lives in the house the doors of which face the south,=He lives in the house whose doors face the south.

二、语用功能。

Which定语从句（尤其是非限定性的）主要还是在语用功能上呈现that定语从句所没有的亮点。

①表达主从句因果关系。

A Jew. Albert Einstein had to flee Germany. Which then was ruled by Hitler(爱因斯坦只得逃离德国，因为当时的德国是在希特勒的统治之下)。

NMET’99：Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancester to the Library Company,____he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary (Cory Luxmoore（千里迢迢）从英国赶来把祖先的日记交给（费城）图收馆公司，是因为他和妻子认为该图书馆才是此日记最好的归宿处)。

②表达主从句目的关系。

The Southern States set up a separate state of their own, in which they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves(南方各州却反叛建立一个独立王国，以便好继续维持奴隶制度)。

③表达主从句让步关系。

Einstein, who could have been very rich, cared for little money(爱因斯坦原本可以是非常富有的，但他却不爱钱)。

He gave up his cause in which he had been very successful and joined in our project(他的事业尽管干得很出色，他还是放弃了，加入到我们的课题研究中来)。

④表达主句动作产生的结果。

Many trucks and buses are jammed at the crossing, which made it impossible for us to go to work on time(许多车辆都堵在十字路口，造成我们不能准时上班)。

European football is played in 80 countries, which makes it the most Popular sport in the world(欧式足球有30个国家在踢，因之成为全世界最流行的一项体育运动)。

⑤表示主从句条件关系。

The past experience, which is not forgotten, is the guide for the future(前事不忘，可为后事之师)。

⑥表示主从句时间关系。

He was born on October 1,1949, which saw the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(他出身在一九四九年十月一日，恰好是中华人民共和国成立的那一天)。

⑦对主句内容作补充说明。

Inspite of his glorious past, he has fallen into the people’s enemy at last, which is a good lesson for all of us (尽管有着辉煌的过去，他最终还是堕落为人民的敌人，这对我们大家是个很好的教训)。

The sentence was announced on Nov. 8 following trials, which started in Sept.(审判于九月开始。多次审判后，判刑才于十一月八日宣布)。

⑧用于主从句对比关系。

He idled away his youth which he should have spent in leaning(他的青春年华本应用于增长才干，而他却虚度过去了)。

⑨用于表示世界上独一无二的人或事物；或当事人认为是独一无二的事物。

China, which has a 5000_year_old civilization, is now taking a new

Look(已有5千年文明的中国现在正呈现新面貌)。

All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him(这里所有的书都是他写的，里面都有精美的插画)。

（比较：All the books here that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him (这里所有有着漂亮插画书是他写的__这里不仅关系词要换成that，而且还暗示着有虽的书)）。

⑩表示与主句或先行词的同位关系。

The speed of sound in air at ordinary temperature is about 1,100 feet per second, which is about 700 miles per hour(常温下声在空气中的速度是大约每秒1，100英尺，即大约是小时传播700英里远。)

可以看出，which定语从句不仅涵盖that定语从句的功能__即纯定语功能，而且还有that定语从句所不能表达语用领域___状语用法。因此，只注意which定语从句的语法搭配而忽略其语用意义，就意味着对英语定语从句的认识还没有到位。

which引导的定语从句

关于which引导从句的小结：关系代词which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货] 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the city 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。（1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。（2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。（3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which 前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。

练习1. [1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护] The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. which的先行词是谁？译文：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。【难点小结：1.介词短语 2.which 的先行词 3. 非限制性定语从句有时要翻译成一句话】例2. 【1.semiconductor半导体 2. casualty伤亡，灭亡，覆灭 3.< A sit at the heart of B> A是B的核心】

which,who引导的定语从句教案资料

which, who引导的定语从句看下面的几个例句： It successfully shows the rich culture which makes Beijing so famous. 它成功地展示了使北京闻名遐迩的悠久文化。 The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 我们最喜欢的照片是赵敏照的先行词是物 It successfully shows the rich culture which makes Beijing so famous. 引导词在从句中作主语先行词是物 The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 引导词在从句中作宾语由此，我们可以看出：which引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命的东西。which 在从句中的成分是可以作主语，也可以作宾语。下面我们再看一个句子：先行词是人 His father is the person who will be most unhappy. 引导词在从句中作主语由此，我们可以看出：如果先行词是人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以是who。注意：当who 在从句中作宾语时，在现代语法规则简化为大多数情况下都可用who了。如：Do you know Mr Zhang who(m) they like very much? 在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情况下that和which都可以通用, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 (1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something that you can borrow. (2).先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book that he has read (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. (5)先行词为人和物的组合。 They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the

涉及that等引导的定语从句

涉及that等引导的定语从句定语从句历年都是高考的重难点，尤其是涉及that，which，as的考题。下面是定语从句的语法规则和具体应用，希望同学们好好揣摩。一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything，everything，nothing （something 除外），few，all，none，little，some等代词时，或者是由every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等词修饰时。例如： Have you taken down everything （that）Mr. Smith has said？你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗？ There seems to be nothing （that）seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说，没有什么不可能。 There is little （that）I can do for you. 对你，我无能无力。由此可知，一般情况下，可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如： All that can be done has been done. 今日事，今日毕。此外，当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。例如： Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad

thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，例如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时，首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如： This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very，the only，the same，the last，any，little等修饰时，例如： This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典，我想买。 After the fire in his house，the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后，旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who，例如： Erik is the only person in our company who will attend the meeting. 艾里克是我们公司唯一出席会议的人。 5. 当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时，例如： Who is the man that is sitting at the corner？坐在角落里的是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？什么T恤衫最配我？

定语从句及其引导词用法

一、基本概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法： 1．作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2．作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略；用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3．作定语用whose, 如： (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如： They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.. (= the back wall of which) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) 4．作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. （二）关系副词的用法： 1．when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如： I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。如： Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill. 2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room,

定语从句中which和that用法

定语从句中which和that用法在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。一、宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况. ①先行词为不定代词all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one 等 1. We should do all that is useful to the people. 2. There's nothing that can be said about it. 3. Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday ②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。 1 .The only thing that we could do was to wait. 2 .That's the very word that is wrongly used. 3 .The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works. 4 .You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free. 5 .I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them. ③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。 1. When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake. 2. This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term. ④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best that can be done now. 2. The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. ⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如： writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known . rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police. ⑥被修饰词为数词时. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .

定语从句中：只用that而不用which的五种情况精编版

……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐………………………………………………… 定语从句中：只用that而不用which的五种情况泰州市苏陈中学朱志荣引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who (指人）。指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which ；但有时只能用that，不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。例如： Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？ All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who 。以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 1

定语从句引导词的用法

定语从句引导词的用法 that 和Which 都可以指物，其用法区别：相同点(Similarities) 1.这两个关系代词引导定语从句时，都可以指物； 2.在定语从句中都可作主语或宾语； 3.作宾语，并且前面无介词时都可省略。 The train that/which has just left is for Shanghai．刚开的那列火车是去上海的。(作主语) The book (that/which) you gave me is wonderful. 你以前给我的那本书好极了。(作宾语,可省略) 不同点(Difference) 1.以下情况常用that。（1）当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时（all, something, anything, nothing, everything, none, any, some, few, little, much, many等）。 Is there anything that I can do for you有什么要我做的事吗 He answered few questions that the teacher asked．他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。（2）当先行词被every, no, the only, the very, the right, the last, just修饰时。T hat‘s the only thing that we can do now. 目前我们只能这样了。 Those are the very words that he said. 那就是他的原话。（3）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most int eresting book that I’ve had. 这是我拥有的最有趣的书。 The first thing that should be done is to get some food．该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。（4）当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They were talking about the persons and things that they saw in the factory．（5）当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was．中国已经不是过去的中国了。（6）当在以which开头的疑问句中时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing 哪辆是在北京制造的车 2.以下情况常用which。

which在定语从句中的用法

江苏朱姝关系代词 which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。下面就进行归纳总结： 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the party. 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。（ 1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。（ 2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。（ 3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个 which 前要加 and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。 3. 名词＋ of ＋ which （＝ of which ＋名词＝ whose + 名词）通常放在先行词的后面。

I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。 4. 介词＋ which 的替代作用。（ 1 ）作时间状语替代 when 。 There used to be a time at which / during which （ = when ） the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。（ 2 ）作地点状语替代 where 。 This is the office in which （ = where ） I used to work. 这是我过去工作过的办公室。（ 3 ）作原因状语替代 why 。 I'd like you to explain the reason for which （＝ why ） you were absent. 我想让你解释一下缺席的原因。（ 4 ）作方式状语替代 that 或省略。 There are many ways in which （＝ that / 省略） we can solve the problem. 解决这个问题有很多方法。 5. which, when, where 关系词的选择。关系副词 when 与 where 用于引导定语从句时，往往修饰句中表示地点或时间的名词。但是，有时候在表示时间或地点的名词后面却不能用 when 或 where ，而该用 which 或 that 。 Is this the factory which / that produces all kinds of washing machines （ which / that 在定语从句中作主语，指代前面的 the factory ）这就是生产各种洗衣机的那家工厂吗

定语从句中that 和which的用法

定语从句中的that和which的用法引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which （指物）,who (指人）.指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which 。 That和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。指物时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用that： 1）当先行词是all ,any ,anything ,everything ,nothing 或被它们修饰时.例如： Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做. 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时.例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一. The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的. 3）当先行词有：the only ,the very ,the same ,the last 等修饰时.例如：

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西. 4）当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who .以避免重复.例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? 5）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that .例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名. 请注意: 以下几种只能使用which的情况: 1.引导非限制性定语从句，用which。 2.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。如：The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如：This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion.

that关系代词用法-定语从句

that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如：注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。

8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如：二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：

定语从句中where和which的区别

定语从句中where和which的区别 1.This is the factory_________we visited yesterday. 2.This is the stable__________Jesus Chirst was born. 1,which 2.where 分析：关键是看从句中的动词。如果是及物动词（顾名思义，就是必须要接物做宾语的动词，或能用做被动的动词），则表明从句缺宾语，修饰人用who/whom/that。修饰物用that/which. 如动词是不及物（顾名思义就是不需要接物做宾语的或要接宾语时前面必须要加介词的，即用介宾的动词），则说明从句不缺宾语，可能是状语(或介宾）。表地点用where.时间用when. 如题1：从句的动词是visit，我们说参观某个地方说：visit some place。而不说visit in the place所以visit是及物动词。所以缺宾语，修饰物故用which. 如题2，我们说出生于某地用be born in，如：i was born in beijing 而不说i was born

beijing.故说明born 后不直接跟宾语，应用介宾，或关系副词（where/when)所以此处填in which 也是正确的。所以在平时的练习中应注意动词的及物于不及物性1这是解决这类题的关键之一。扩展练习： 1.These are the days ____ I spent with my mom. (when） 2.These are the times _____ I experienced .（which）英语定语从句that ,where ,which 的区别例如：(1) I love places ____ the people are really fridendy A.that B.which C.where D.who (2) This is the place ____ I have ever visited there B.whom C.he D.which (3).This is the house ____ I want to buy A.In which B.that C.what D.that (4)this is the museum ____ we visited last year A.where B. in which C.which D.in that

定语从句中用Which的几种情况

定语从句中用Which的几种情况 Abstract :Generally, when talking about the differences between “that”and “which”in the Attributive Clauses, teachers like to emphasize the uses of “that”. So most students are familiar with them and know how to use “that”.But many of th e students don’t know the relative pronoun “which” also has many uses .In the past few years, “which”appeared more frequently in NMET than “that”.So in this article , the author mainly show us when to use “which” and give a complete conclusion of “which”. Key words: which 定语从句指代物指代人通常，在讲定语从句关系代词“that”与“which”的区别时，老师喜欢强调“that”的用法，大部分学生对其比较熟悉，也知道如何使用“that”。然而，关系代词“which”的用法同样比较多。它既可以指物，也可以指人（这一点可能许多同学不太熟悉和了解）：既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。近几年来，高考对“which”的考查越来越多。请看下面几个高考题： 1 . The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_______ are sold abroad . (2004年辽宁卷, 答案:A .which指代物) A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 2 . The journey around the world took the sailor nine months ,________ the sailing time was 226 days .(2004年广西卷,答案A . which 指代物) A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 3 . Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ______ to produce the workings of his owm hands. (2005年湖南卷答案：B which 指代物) A. that B. in which C. by which D. on which 4 . The English play _______my students acted at the New Year’s party was great success .(200 5 年全国I卷答案:C which指代物) A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 5 . Her sister has become a lawyer , _______ she wanted to be . ( 2005年湖北卷答案D which指代人) A. who B. that C. what D. which 因此，掌握“which”在何种情况下使用是非常有必要的。那么，“which”到底有那些用法呢？笔者在多年的教学实践中将“which”的用法进行了较全面的总结。现将其一些较特殊的和不常见的用法予以展示, 希望可对各位同仁和英语爱好者有所帮助。一、先行词表物时下列情况只用which;不能用that： 1、在定语从句中,当关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时 Eg：①.The table under which the boy crawled was put up for aution. 男孩在下面爬的那张桌子被拿去拍卖了。 ②.Light is the fast thing in the world , the speed of which is 300,000 kilometers per second. 世界上光的速度是最快的,其速度是每秒三十万公里。 ③.He once participated the investigation the result of which will be soon published. 他参加了结果不久就将公布的那项调查。另外，还可以在不定式作定语的结构中作介词宾语。此时不定式短语相当于一个定语从句。 Eg : ①. The key with which to open the door has been lost. 开这扇门的钥匙不见了。

定语从句特殊引导词as, but, than

As、but和than引导定语从句 As、but和than通常都是以介词、连词等身份被大家所熟知，而它们居然可以摇身一变成为关系代词，在定语从句中做主语和宾语。 1. As As最基本的用法是做连词“与……一样”表示同级的比较，介词“作为”。下面是它特殊的用法：例句：1. He does not possess such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor. 他并不具备一名演员应有的资格。 2. She bought the same skirt as I had bought last week so I need to talk to her about it so we don't wear them the same at the same time. 她买的那条裙子和我上周买的一模一样，我要和她商量一下，免得“撞衫”。上面两个例句中定语从句都使用了as作为关系代词，我们可以发现例句1中含有“such…as…”，例句2中含有“the same…as…”，由此可见，我们到底要不要使用as来做关系代词，可以根据句中是否出现了与as搭配的短语进行判断。 3. The murderer who had killed several people on the campus was finally arrested by the police, as was expected. 如我们所愿，那个在校园杀害数人的杀人犯终于被警方逮捕。该句中并未出现与as搭配的短语，此处的用法是as做关系代词指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中做主语。 2. But大家熟悉的but基本都是以转折连词的身份出现，但是它还兼职在做定语从句中的关系代词。例句：There is no man but errs. 没有任何人能够不犯错误。句中的先行词是man，but自然就充当了关系代词的角色，但我们从句意中可以发现，but带有一层否定的意思，相当于“who not”。那么我们可以把例句转换为：There is no man who does not err. 但要注意，只有在but 前有先行词的时候才有此用法！请比较下面这个例句：He did nothing after graduation but spend his parents' money. 他毕业之后无所事事，就知道花爸妈的钱。该句中but是介词的用法，有转折的意义。 3. Than即可以做连词也可以做介词的than都是比较的含义，它居然也可以用在定语从句中。例句：1. Parents had better not give kids more money than is needed. 父母最好别给孩子们太多的钱，够用就可以了。 2. Don't order more food than can be finished. 别点太多吃的，会吃不完的。此处Than以主语的形式出现在定语从句中，其实省略了what，than也就等于than what。例句也可以写作：Parents had better not give kids more money than what is needed 例句2则可以转换为：Don't order more food than what can be finished 不管是做介词、连词也好，在定语从句里做关系代词也罢，than 都表示了一个比较的关系，从上述两个例句来看，句中都出现了比较级的形式。一、but可被看作关系代词，引导定语从句，在句中作主语，在意义上相当于who not或that not，即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后，构成双重否定。如：①There is no mother but loves her children．没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。 ②There was no one present but knew the story already．在场的人都知道这个故事。二、than作关系代词时，一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中，其结构为形容词比较级（more）．．．than＋从句，than在从句中作主语，相当于that，代表它前面的先行词。（这时，它兼有连词和代词的性质，也有学者认为这种用法的than是连词，后面省略了主语what。）如：①The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxious than is necessary．室内游泳池过于豪华。 ②He got more money than was wanted．他得到了更多的钱。定语从句中的两个特殊关系代词定语从句是中学阶段一个非常重要的语法项目，在各类考试中都能看到它的身影。它的基本用法，想必读者朋友们已经掌握了吧！现由笔者为大家再介绍两个定语从句中的关系代词——but和than，以飨读者。