专升本-专业英语翻译
专升本翻译要点概述
1. 考察类型
Part V Translation ( 20 points )
Section A E-C( 5’×2)（10’x1）(2’x4) short or long sentences \passages
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write on the ANSWER SHEET.
Section B C-E( 2’×5) (3’x4) short sentences
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write on the ANSWER SHEET.
2. 考查要点
句法和句型、结构的考察
汉译英的短句翻译以及英译汉的长句翻译
3. 解题要点
熟练掌握常用的句法结构，如从句、倒装、主谓一致、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、时态体的配合等用法
汉译英中句子翻译尽量使用简单的、有把握的句法结构，保持时态体一致，避免出现较为明显的语法错误
英译汉中，尤其是长句翻译，注意使用不同的翻译方法和技巧，如：直译法、意译法、直译与意译相结合、增词法、减词法、转换法、拆分法、综合法等，把握英汉两种语言的差异，避免出现英式的汉语表达（如将被动变主动，长句处理成不同的单句等等），以及语言色彩等
注意把握两个原则：信息充分，表达流畅
4. 解题步骤
1. 通读全句或全文，弄清楚句子或段落的主干和修饰成分，然后确定时态和语法【理解】
2. 根据上面解题要点进行解题【表达】
3. 最后复查。非常重要！最后的检查一定要结合整个句子来进行，并重点检查句首字母的大写、冠词和代词的使用以及主谓一致等容易出错的问题【复查】
英译汉
真题示例
Part V. Translation (20 points)
Section A
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your answer on the ANWSER SHEET.
91. All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
92. The professor’s short but heart-stirring speech on environment was strongly impressed upon my memory.
93. It was another four years before I could qualify as a lawyer.
94. Some clever strategies were employed so that those problems could be easily approached.
95. A good beginning is half done.
英译汉练习
短句练习
1.The university authorities did not approve the regulation, nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so.
学校领导没有批准这项制度，也没有解释为什么。
2. Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she, could be assigned (to) another job.
Jane对处理客户投诉的工作厌倦了，她想被分配做另一项工作。
3. John rescued the drowning child at the risk of his own life
John 冒着自己的生命危险救落水儿童
4. George called his boss from the airport but it was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone.
George 从机场打电话给他的老板，接电话的却是他的助手。
5. Although he was interested in philosophy, his father persuaded him into / talked him into.
尽管他对哲学感兴趣，但是他父亲说服他去修法律。
6. The significant museum is said to have been built about a hundred years ago.
这座重要的博物馆据说建成于100多年前。
7．There would be no life on earth without its unique environment.
没有地球独特的环境就不会有生命出现。
8．They requested that I(should) return the books borrowed to library /the books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library by next Friday.
他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。
9.Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty concentrating on the experiment.
由于外面很吵，Nancy 很难将注意力几种在实验上。
10.The manager never laughed; neither did she lose temper.
经理从来不笑，也从来没发过脾气。
11.The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite her parents’fierce opposition.
这个16岁的女孩不顾父母强烈反对决定自己去国外旅游。
12.Production has to be increased considerably to keep pace with the constantly increasing needs of the customers .
为了与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步，产量必须大幅提高。
13.Soon after he transferred to the new school ,Ali found that he had much difficulty in catching up with the other students in math and English.
转到新学校不久，阿丽就发现自己在数学和英语上很难跟上班里的同学。
14.It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight.
据说那些压力大或时常加班的人更有可能增加体重。
15.The study shows that the poor functioning of human body is closely relative to the lack of exercise.
研究表明人体机能的下降与缺乏锻炼密切相关。
16.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems to which they have no answers.
医学研究人员很痛苦的发现至今仍有很多难题他们还没有找到答案。
17. What most parents are concerned about is providing the best education possible for their children.
大多数父母所关心的是尽可能为孩子提供最好的教育。
18. Through the project, many people have received training and decided to start their own business.
通过这个项目，很多人得到了培训并决定自己创业。
19.The anti-virus agent was not be found until it was accidentally found by a doctor.
直到一名医生的偶然发现，这种抗病毒药物才被人们所了解。
20.The new principal has no previous experience of school government.
21.This was the last place the explorers would leave, for it lay riches and natural resources.
22.Drive carefully on that road in bad weather ,it’s very winding.
23.The job gives him plenty of responsibility-he is in charge of several thousand workers-and plenty of cash.
24.John is now with his parents in New York city, it’s already three years s ince he was a bandmaster.
25.You should not despise him because he is backward.
26. We don’t retreat, we never have and never will
27. They talked about inflation, unemployment and environment pollution.
28. Thus he grew in body and soul.
29.“Ignorance of the law excuses no man. ” 这句话是典型的英语书面语，抽象名词短语作主语，言简意赅。翻译这句话要用“增词法”，译成“不懂法不能成为任何人违法的借口”，否则就表达不清楚。
30.“Young people are more enthusiastic than old people, while old people have more experience than young people.”要用“减词法”，译成“年轻人热情高，老年人阅历广”较好。
英译汉的长句处理一般可以分为理解和表达两个阶段和七个具体的步骤。理解阶段可以分为四个步骤：
1.简要拟出全句的轮廓；
2.根据上下文和全句内容领会其要旨；
3.辨清该长句的主从结构；
4.找出各单句之间的从属关系。
表达阶段可分为三个步骤：
1.试将每个单句逐一翻译；
2.将译出的句子进行调整组合；
3.对译文进行加工润色。
四种英语长句的翻译方法：
1.顺序法；
2.逆序法，又叫倒置法；
3.拆分法；
4.综合法，又叫重组法。
1.顺序法
In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break and said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had no food for two days .
2. 倒序法
One can perhaps get a clearer picture of Japan’s acute population pressure by imagining that what Switzerland would be like if that small and mountainous country were in habited by 28 million people instead of the 5.7million at present.
3. 拆分法
The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republication had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republication party of
long-held superiority in the House.
4.综合法
The poor are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.
真题示例2011
Part V Translation ( 20 points )
Section A ( 5×2)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write on the ANSWER SHEET.
81. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time jobs, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.
82. Although people’s lives have been dr amatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because the tuition fees and prices of books are soaring.
长句练习
1. A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps ;for there is a companionship of books as well as men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.
2. A conflict between the generations-between youth and age-seems the most stupid
of all conflicts, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.
3. It is very easy to bring some books from the bookstores and libraries, but to learn the knowledge in the books and put the knowledge into practice is by no means an easy job.
4. New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past time.
5. From the passage we learn that an invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced to commercial practice.
6. Young scientists cannot realize too soon that existing scientific knowledge is not nearly so complete , certain and unalterable as many textbooks seem to imply.
7.Television, it is often said ,keeps one informed about current events ,allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.
8. “It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and this government of the people, by the people for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”（Abraham Lincoln: the Gettysburg Address ）
吾等在此责无旁贷献身于眼前之伟大使命：自光荣的亡者之处吾人肩起其终极之奉献—吾等在此答应亡者之死当非徒然—此国度，于神佑之下，当享有自由之新生—民有、民治、民享之政府当免于凋零。
9. A Greek to Remember
一位值得纪念的希腊人
Diogenes was a famous Greek philosopher of the fourth century B.C.,who established the philosophy of cynicism(犬儒主义，又叫愤世嫉俗主义).He often walked about in the daytime holding a lighted lantern（灯）,peering around as if he were looking for something.When questioned about his odd behavior,he would reply,"I am searching for an honest man."
One day, Alexander the Great ,conqueror （征服者）of half the civilized world,saw Diogenes sitting in this tub（坛子）in the sunshine .So the king, surrounded by his countries,approached Diogenes and said,"I am Alexander the Great."The philosopher replied rather contemptuously（不屑的）,"I am Diogenes,the Cynic."Alexander then asked him if he could help him in any way." "Yes," shot back Diogenes,"don't stand between me and the sun." A surprised Alexander then replied quickly,"If I were not Alexander,I would be Diogenes."
汉译英
真题示例
2011 Section B ( 2×5)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write on the ANSWER SHEET.
83. 我把我的意见已经告诉你了，至于你是否这样做，那就看你了。
84. 正因为她没有经验，所以她不知道如何应付这种局面。
85. 我们没有想到他们会来，我们以为他们还在加拿大呢。
86. 我宁愿网上购物而不愿在百货商店购物，因为网上购物更加方便省时。
87. 这本书是由一位科学家写的，我们从中得到了许多信息。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answer on the
ANWSER SHEET.
96. 重要的是你做了什么而不是说了什么。
97. 农民宁肯扔掉这些蔬菜，也不愿以半价出售。
98. 鉴于你的身体状况不太好，最好还是把烟戒了吧。
99. 尽管已经10 年没有见面了，汤姆还是一眼就认出了她。
100. 他在学习上的进步很大程度上是由于学习方法的改进。
汉译英练习
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。(choice)
At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist (for help).
At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the traveler (for help).
2. 我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。(occur)
It never occurred to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Student’s Union.
It didn’t occur to me that Tom would be elected chairman of the Student’s Union.
3. 如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。(convenient)
If it is convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office.
If it is convenient, please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel.
If convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office.
If convenient, please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel.
4. 应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识运用到实践中去。(apply)
Students should be encouraged to apply what they have learned in class to practice.
We should encourage students to apply what they have learned in class to practice.
5. 如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。(unless)
Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match unless the team members strengthen their cooperation.
Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match unless the team members cooperate well with each other.
Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final unless the team members cooperate well with each other.
Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the finals unless the team members cooperate well with each other.
6. 请尽早做出决定，不然你会坐失良机。(or)
Please make up your mind / make your decision as early as possible / you can, or you’ll miss the good / golden chance / opportunity.
7. 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It…)
It’s very hard for those who haven’t been to the small village to d escribe its beauty.
8. 勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。(infect)
Washing hands often / frequently / regularly is one of the effective ways to avoid being infected by disease (s).
9. 这条铁路横贯平原，把那个偏远山城与海港连接了起来。(remote)
The railway crosses / goes across / runs across the plain and connects /, connection the remote mountain(ous) city with the sea port.
10. 这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。(so…that)
The historical novel about / describing World War I / the First World War is so attractive that I can’t bear (to do …) / stand part ing with it / putting it down (back, aside) / leaving it aside.
11. 我们盼望能参加下星期举行的艺术节开幕式。(look forward to)
We are looking forward to taking part in the opening ceremony of the art to be held next week.
12. 多参加些体育锻炼，你就不那么容易感冒了。(If…)
If you take more PE exercises, you will not catch a cold so easily.
13. 因为缺少实践，他没有通过驾驶考试。(The reason why)
The reason why he didn't pass the driving test was lack of practice / that he lacked practice.
14. 直到被送入手术间时，他才明白遵守交通规则的重要性。(not…until…)
He didn't know the importance of obeying the traffic rules until he was sent into the room of operation.
15. 虽然她孤身一人，无亲无故，但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。(offer)
Though she is single and has no friends or relatives, all the neighbors offer her help / a helping hand / to help her.
16. 小组讨论有助于更好地理解课文。(help)
Group discussion helps (to) understand the text better.
17. 上周因为生病我缺了一些课，但是我会努力赶上大家的。(miss)
Because of illness / Being ill last week, I missed some lessons, but I will try to catch up with others.
18. 这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。(too…to)
The rules of the game are too complicated to explain / be explained in a few words.
19. 你该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。(apologize)
You should apologize to the people present for what you have just done.
20. 我发现很难与那些一贯固执已知的人合作。(…it…)
I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
21. 我昨天给你打了好几个电话，你都不在家。(call)
I called (you) several times yesterday, but you were not at home / not in.
22. 虽然并不富裕，但是他对自己的生活相当满意。(Although)
Although he is not rich, he is quite / fairly satisfied with his life / himself.
23. 在叔叔的帮助下，汤姆写成了一首动人的诗。(succeed)
With the help of his uncle, Tom succeeded in writing a touching / moving poem.
24. 由于准备充分，他在面试中一点也不紧张。(not…at all)
Because he was well-prepared, he didn’t feel nervous at all during the interview.
25. 只要我们齐心协力，就能很快解决这个技术难题。
So long as / If we wok co-operatively / with combined efforts / joint efforts, we will be able to solve / work out the technical problems.
26.我希望尽快收到你的照片。(hope)
I hope (that) I can / will receive your photo(s) as soon as possible.
= I hope to receive your photo(s) as soon as possible.
27. 多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。(good)
Eating / Having more vegetables and fruit(s) does good to / is good for one’s health.
28. 今天下午我没空，我和牙医有约。(appointment)
I’m not free / available this afternoon because I have / have made an appointment with my dentist.
29. 你最好乘出租车去电影节的开幕式，不然就要迟到了。(or)
You’d better go to the opening ceremony of the Film Festival by taxi, or you’ll be late.
30. 这款手机样式新颖、携带方面，深受年轻人的欢迎。(popular)
The mobile phone is fashionable / modern in style and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with the young / young people / youngsters.
31. 他进公司后不久就独立完成了一项艰巨的任务，同事们对他刮目相看。(so)
He finished a difficult task on his own / independently soon / shortly after he entered the company, so his colleagues looked at him differently / with new eyes / regarded him in a totally different light.
32. 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong)
There was something wrong with my computer yesterday
33. 为了保持健康，我们经常参加体育锻炼。(To…)
To keep fit, we often take part in physical exercises.
34. 躺在草地上听音乐真是惬意。(It…)
It is pleasant lying on the grass and enjoying the music.
35. 物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。(fail)
In the physics class, he failed to understand what Professor Wang was talking about.
36. 是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。(agree)
The members of the committee / The committee can not agree on whether to build another bridge over / across the Huangpu River.
37. 我向她请教，她总是有求必应，而且解释得令我十分满意。(satisfaction)
Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction.
38. 我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。(believe)
We believe that peasants' / farmers’ life will be / be getting better and better.
39. 一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。(Whether…)
Whether a book sells well depends on many / various factors.
40. 我不需要买新车, 我的那辆旧车还很好。(condition)
I don't need to / needn’t buy a new car as my old one is still in good condition.
41. 这里的菜烧得很好，还有免费蛋糕供应。(provide)
The dishes are well cooked here and free cakes are provided.
42. 外出旅游时务必注意保护环境，为他人着想。(sure)
Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and be considerate /
think of others if / when / while traveling / doing traveling.
43. 这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So …)
So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their w ork.
44. 前天我们订购了20台洗衣机。(order)
We ordered / placed an order for 20 washing machines the day before yesterday.
45. 因为大雨，校运动会将不得不推迟。(put off)
Because of / Due to the heavy rain, the sports meet / meeting will have to be put off.
46. 为了您的家庭幸福，务必遵守交通规则。(Do)
Do obey / observe / keep / follow traffic rules for the happiness of your family.
47. 据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。(It)
It is reported that the wild plant is rich in / contains / has a lot of vitamins.
48. 和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。(enable)
Working with the gardeners enabled us to learn / gain / obtain a lot of knowledge about flowers.
49. 遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是相互帮助。(not…but)
When (we are) in difficulty / When we meet with difficulties, what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other.
50. 他们的新房子离学校很远。(far)
Their new house is far from the school.
51. 不在房间的时候别让灯开着。(when)
Don’t leave the light on when you are not in the room.
52. 我忘了提醒他面试的时间。(remind)
I forgot to remind him of the time for the interview.
53. 各式阳伞给夏日街头平添了活跃的气氛。(add to)
Colorful umbrellas add to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.
54. 无论风多大、雨多急，警察一直坚守在岗位上。(no matter …)
No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts.
55. 医生挨家挨户上门巡访，省去了许多老年人去医院的麻烦。(save)
Doctors’ door-to-door vi sits save many old people’s trouble of going to hospital.
56. 有困难请向警察求助。(turn to) (Please)
Turn to the police for help when (you are) in trouble.
57. 他一到上海就和我们取得了联系。(contact)
He contacted us as soon as he arrived in Shanghai.
58. 演出还没有结束, 孩子们就睡着了。(before)
The children had fallen asleep / gone to sleep before the performance ended / was over.
59. 导演得知自己的影片获奖, 感到无比自豪。(award)
Learning that he was awarded / won an award for his film, the director felt very proud of himself / was full of pride.
60. 这些十八世纪的油画保存得这样好, 使参观者大为惊叹。(so …that)
These eighteenth-century oil paintings have been / are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed / impressed.
61.我们打篮球的时间到了。(time)
It’s time for us to play basketball.
62. 他设法把游客及时送到了机场。(manage)
He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.
63. 你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会? (possible)
Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening?
64. 应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)
Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points.
65. 我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知, 我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind.
66. 尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害, 但只要不灰心,我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...)
Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficult as long as we don’t lose heart.
67. 我已经去过动物园三次了。(be)
I have been to the zoo three times.
68. 每天朗读半小时英语很有必要，(necessary)
It is necessary to read English aloud half an hour every day.
69. 他的儿子喜欢上学，因为学校生活丰富多彩。(because)
His son is happy at / loves / likes to go to / school because the school life is colorful.
70. 他打算买一套学校或医院附近的公寓。(locate)
He is going to buy a flat (which is) located near a school or hospital.
71. 你最好多带一些保暖的衣服，以防感冒。(had better)
You’d better bring more warm clothes with you to prevent you from getting cold.
72. 毫无疑问，旅行使人开阔眼界，增长知识。(doubt)
There is no doubt that travelling broadens one’s mind and enlarge / improve / inc rease one’s knowledge.
73. 网球运动在上海越来越流行了。(popular)
Tennis is getting more and more popular in Shanghai.
74. 我认为你们的建议和他们的一样有价值。(as…as)
I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.
75. 只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。(keep)
Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
76. 为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。(memory)
A film will be made / shot in memory of these brave fire fighters.
77. 过了三天她才想起把雨衣忘在语言实验室了。(remember)
It was three days later that she remembered leaving / having left her raincoat in the language lad.
78. 尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，实施援救。(despite)
Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the place of the accident for the rescue / to carry out the rescue.
79.她找到了一份作护士的工作。(as)
She has found a job as a nurse.
80. 我们应该竭尽所能是城市变得更美丽。(try)
We should try our best to make the city more beautiful.
81. 宝宝的出生使这个大家庭充满了欢乐。(fill)
The birth of the baby filled the bi family with joy.
82. 我们对他的不辞而别感到很惊讶。(without)
We were greatly surprised that he has left without saying goodbye.
83. 当你难以和父母交流时会感到痛苦吗？(when)
Will you feel upset when you find it hard to communicate with your parents?
84. 为追求时尚而付出高昂代价的人应该尽早改变这种生活方式。(those)
Those who follow the fashion at great cost should change their lifestyle as soon as possible.
85. 这本杂志花了我20多元。(cost)
This magazine cost / costs me more than 20 yuan.
86. 雨天我总是比平时起得晚。(than)
I always get up later than usual on rainy day.
87. 看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)
Seeing Grandma a little sleepy, he drew the curtains and turned the TV down
88. 乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部手机。(there be)
At first sight, there is nothing special about the watch, but in fact it is a mobile phone.
89. 我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once)
We all agree that once the conclusion of the investigation is drawn, it will be made known to the public as soon possible.
90. 你为什么不在网上订票? (Why)
Why not / Why don’t you book tickets online / reserve the ticket(s) on the Internet?
91. 我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。(mistake)
I often mistake Wang Hai for his twin brother because they look so similar / very much alike.
92. 对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比。(compare)
As for parents, nothing can be compared with their children’s physical and mental health.
93. 自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。(No longer)
No longer has she kept in touch with us since she went abroad for further study / education.
94. 如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)
If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your stud y / learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
95.我宁愿网上购物而不愿在百货商店购物，因为网上购物更加方便省时。（prefer）
I prefer shopping online to shopping in the department store, because the former is more convenient and timesaving.
96. 我属鸡，我从来不吃鸡。鸡年是我的本命年。
97.钱先生周岁时“抓周”，抓了一本书，因此得名“钟书”。
98. 根据约翰大夫的诊断，这位患者的生命仍然处于危险中，必须尽快采取急救措施。
According to Dr.John , the patient’s life is still in danger. The first aid must be taken as soon as possible.
参考答案
81. 通过上面的讨论，我们不难得出结论：兼职会对学生产生深远影响，我们应该鼓励学生兼职，这将有利于学生和他们的家庭，甚至整个社会。
82. 虽然人们的生活在过去的几十年中有了惊人的改变，但必须承认，由于学费和书费日益飞涨，资金短缺仍然是当今学生要面临的一个最大问题。
83. I have told you my opinions, and whether you do this or not depends on /is up to you.
84. It was because of her lack of experience that she didn’t know how to deal with this situation.
85. It didn’t occur to us that they would come, and we thought that they were still in Canada.
86. I prefer shopping online to shopping in the department store, because the former is more convenient and timesaving.
87. This book, from which I learn a lot of information, was written by a scientist.
Section A
91、总体考虑，她的建议比你的更有价值
92、该教授关于环境的演讲，简短且激动人心，深深铭刻在我的记忆中
93、我还需要四年才能成为一名合格的律师
94、要想很快解决这些问题，我们必须采取一些高效的措施
95、好的开始等于成功的一半
Section B
96、What you have done counts more than what you have said.
97、The farmer would throw away these vegetables rather than sell them at half price.
98、In view of your poor health condition, you’d better give up smoking.
99、Though they hadn’t seen each other for decade, Tom recognized her as soon as he saw her.
100、His progress in study owes much to the improvement of his study methods.
专升本英语翻译技巧解析
专升本英翻汉 具体技巧 剖析 技巧一:语词搭配 某些动词,在汉语中只能用于人。而英语中既可以用于人,又可用于物。所以,汉译时要符合汉语搭配习惯。比如 see 或 witness。 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China. 1. Dusk found her crying at a corner of this street. 黄昏时,有人看见她在街上的一个拐角处哭泣。 2. His name escapes me for the moment. 我一时记不起他的名字。 技巧二:语词的引申 翻译中的引申,指的是在语言转换时,为适应译文表意或行文的需要,在原词或词组基本意思的基础上,对词义进行符合逻辑的调整或变动。翻译实践中常见的有:具体化、抽象化、逻辑化引申。 3. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green. 我前面的那辆车停住了,我错过了可通行时间。 4. Please don’t wake a sleeping dog. 请不要惹是生非。
5. Don’t waste t ime on self-congratulation; there is still work to do. 不要因为沾沾自喜而浪费时间;还有工作要做呢。 技巧三:语词的增译和省译 6. He ate and drank, for he was exhausted. 他吃点东西,喝点酒,因为他疲惫不堪了。 用增词法试着翻译: 1. 累得我走不动了。 2. 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。 1. It makes me so tired that I can’t walk any more. 2. While/Where there is life, there is hope. 7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out. 她一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 8. I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience. 我真恨不得当着听众的面剥了鲁伯特的皮。 9. The doctor put the baby in her arms. She kissed it on the forehead. 医生将婴儿放到她怀里,吻了吻孩子的前额。 A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
专升本英语翻译方法
常用翻译技巧总结 w个人认为，翻译题很重要！考研是个充实自己的过程，只要你还需要英语，就离不开翻译，所以大家应该引起足够重视。 首先个人推荐一本书，XDF唐静老师的《拆分与组合翻译法》，我听过他的课，他的方法很实用，感觉很象下面介绍的第四种方法。 翻译题里考察三方面内容： 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词 的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择，词序调整，词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、 比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 其中2、3是大考点，具体内容可在论坛下XDF的翻译笔记来看，在此不赘述。 可看出，应对翻译题的主要武器是翻译技巧，下面正式进入正题(常用方法、被动语态译法、形容词译法、举例详解) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练。 1增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如： (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？(增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)
英语专升本考试重点复习内部资料 (专升本英语语法,词汇,阅读理解、翻译)
语法七大语法考试重点 一独立主格 （一）：独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词)+不定式； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 （二）独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. This done, we went home. The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. He came into the room, his ears red with cold. He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 二过去完成时 1）概念：表示过去的过去其构成是had +过去分词构成。 2）用法 a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn t. 3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
专升本英语-复习笔记
从2001至今，普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习（普通专升本）考试只考两门课程，一是公共英语课程，二是专业基础课程；公共英语课程是所有非英语专业的必考课程。满分150分，可见公共英语在专升本考试中的重要性。为了帮应试学生更好地整体把握考试，给出历年真题的题型及分值统计分析表。 2003-2010专升本公共英语真题题型及分值表 从该表看出，自2006年开始，词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、作文都是每年必考的固定题型，并且分值不变。翻译也是每年必考的题型，从2003-2009年每年20分（英译汉10分，汉译英10分），但2010年翻译部分增加了10分的英汉对话翻译。词性转换自2005-2009年每年10分，但2010年取消该题型。每年固定不变的题型有词汇语法、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译、作文；可变化的题型有词性转换、补全对话、辨识错误和英汉对话翻译，预测这几种题型会任选一个，分值10分。 2003-2010年专升本公共英语词汇与语法测试试题分值表 从表中看出，直接考察语法和词汇知识分值有70分，占了总分值的近1/2。从2006年开始，在40分的语法词汇部分，语法占的比重大，如2006年，语法：词汇是38:2；2007年，语法：词汇是30:10；2008年，语法：词汇是22:18；2009年，语法：词汇是19:21； 2010年，语法：词汇是30:10。而阅读、翻译及写作部分，依然是考核语法词汇基本知识的，
所以学好语法词汇是考好专升本英语的关键。 考什么？学什么？ 河南省教育厅学生处“专升本”考试的要求指出：“英语考试要求为大学英语考试三至四级水平”。短短的几句话，包含了英语考试的全部内容，但我们考生很多时候却并不明白：到底要考什么？ Example 1:P52,03,36 Lynda and hundreds of young people like him____ the post of typist. 第A approach（方法，靠近，走近）B applied for C appealed to（吸引，恳求，上诉）D approved of (赞成) 题干研究： 1 考查词汇：Q1: like; post; typist.熟词生意。 Post no bills.禁止张贴。Post position of paid employment.职位。 2 考查语法：Q2: Lynda and hundreds of young people like him 并列平行结构。并列连词所连接的并列成分应当在结构和功能上保持一致，这就是并列平行结构，该语法知识点时常考到。 历年真题再现：直接考的有词汇结构题中的04，P98,24; 间接考的有：05，P85，阅读中4中句子A growing number of unemployed Americans waste time browsing the estimated 4,000 to 5,000 online job sites, filling them with resum es and then waiting for replies. 在这样一个句子中，并列平行结构这一语法知识对于句子的正确理解起到了绝对重要的作用。 选项研究： A approach（方法，靠近，走近） B applied for C appealed to（吸引，恳求，上诉） D approved of (赞成) 选项考查到：1 形近词；2 词义及语境，在此语境下只能选用某一选项。另外appeal t o 在同一份试卷的第49页阅读3中出现。 综合本题，其主要考查词汇的，考查形近词在特定语境下的区别。但间接的考到了上述的其他知识。如果不能正确理解上述相关知识，不可能理解本句的意义，也就不可能正确地根据句义选出正确的答案。同时，需要提醒的是，在本题中间接考到的相关知识点在另外的题目中就可能直接考到，真题已经说明了这一点。因此，教师要做到举一反三，同学也要做
英语专业专升本考试简介
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最新英语专升本翻译常考练习
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专升本翻译
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2. The electronic computer is mainly characterized by its accurate and rapid computations. 3. Green symbolizes the hope of the future. 4. Success is closely related to hard work. 五．英语形容词译成汉语名词 1. They did their best to help the disabled. 2. Both the compounds are acids. The former is string, the latter weak. Exercise: 155 1.T he successful completion of the book is the result of the cooperation and confidence of many people. 2.T he increase in international business has created a need for managers with skills in cross-culture communication. 3.H is ignorance of the company’s financial situation resulted in his failure to take effective measures.
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不要因为沾沾自喜而浪费时间;还有工作要做呢。 技巧三:语词的增译和省译 6. He ate and drank, for he was exhausted. 她吃点东西,喝点酒,因为她疲惫不堪了。 用增词法试着翻译: 1. 累得我走不动了。 2. 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。 1. It makes me so tired that I can’t walk any mor e. 2. While/Where there is life, there is hope. 7. As she sat down and began talking, words poured out. 她一坐下来就讲开了,滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 8. I could have skinned Rupert in front of the whole audience. 我真恨不得当着听众的面剥了鲁伯特的皮。 9. The doctor put the baby in her arms. She kissed it on the forehead. 医生将婴儿放到她怀里,吻了吻孩子的前额。 A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 10. We had much snow last year. 去年下了很多雪。
英语计算机专升本考试大纲
附件2： 甘肃省普通高等学校专升本招生 英语科考试大纲 （试行） 一、考试目的 全面考核普通高校专科（含高职）应届毕业生英语课 程是否达到教学大纲所规定的目标（领会式掌握3500单词，具体要求可参照《大学英语教学大纲》中对大学英语二级 和三级的目标要求）。 二、考试范围 主要涵盖专科教学大纲所规定的全部内容，并参照本 科《大学英语教学大纲》对二级和三级的要求内容。重点 考核学生的英语语言基础知识及其应用能力，考试不追求 偏题怪题，以基础知识为出题的核心内容。为保证试卷的 信度，除翻译部分和短文写作是主观性试题外，其余试题 都采用客观性的多项选择题形式。 三、考试内容 考试内容包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法和语法 结构、完形填空、翻译和短文写作。 （注：听力理解部分，可由考生所报考院校根据其本 校专业要求，具体制定实施。） 第一部分：阅读理解（Part I Reading Comprehension）。共四篇短文，每篇后有5个问题，共20题，计40分，每题2分。阅读理解部分的目的是测试
学生通过阅读获取信息的能力。阅读内容为题材较广泛、语言难度中等的短文，总阅读量控制在800至1000词之间。本题向考生提供四篇短文，题材包括日常生活、史地、文化、科技常识、人物传记等。体裁有记叙文、说明文和应用文等。每篇短文后有5个关于短文内容的问题或不完整的句子。要求考生在仔细阅读短文以后，从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的四个选择项中，选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的正确或最佳的一项。 第二部分：词语用法和语法结构（Part II Vocabulary and Structure）。共40小题，计40分，每题1分。题目中40%为词和短语的用法，60%为语法结构。词语用法和语法结构部分的目的是测试学生运用大纲词汇、短语、语法及句法结构的能力。本题向考生提供40个小题，每小题是一个留有空白的不完整的英语句子。要求考生在小题下面的四个选择项中，选出可以填入句中空白处的正确或最佳的一项。 第三部分：完型填空（Part III Cloze）。共有一篇短文，含20小题，计20分，每题1分。完型填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力。本题向考生提供一篇短文，在题材熟悉、难度适中的短文（200－260词之间）中留有20处空白，文后为每个空白提供四个选择项。要求考生在全面理解短文内容的基础上，选择答案，进而使短文的意思和结构恢复完整，成为内容连贯、没有语法错误的通顺文章。
专升本英语翻译例题50道
1. This reference book consists of five chapters. 译文：这本参考书包括（有）五章。 2. Angels are usually shown in pictures dressed in white, with wings. 译文：图画中的天使通常是身穿白衣，生有翅膀。 3. Our trip starts from Mount Tai tomorrow and finishes up in Huashan Mountain a week from tomorrow. 译文：我们的旅行明天从泰山开始，一周后在华山结束。 4. He is writing a sequel to his latest best-seller. 译文：他正在写他的最新畅销书的续集。 5. My cousin is leaving my hometown to work in industry in cities. 译文：我的堂兄马上就要离开家乡去城里打工了。 6. If you are going to attend the meeting, you’d bett er leave now because of the traffic jam. 译文：如果你打算参加会议，你最好现在就走，以免堵车。 7. Have you looked ahead to what you’ll be doing in fives years? 译文：你是否想过五年后你会在做些什么？
8. How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 译文：有多少国家要参加奥运会？ 9. We will have developed our country into one of the medium developed countries by 2050. 译文：到2050年我们将把我国建成世界上中等发达的国家之一。 10. He is a somebody now and he will have forgotten his old friends. 译文：他现在是个重要人物了，可能会把老朋友们都忘了。 11. It will have been raining for a whole week if it rains again tomorrow. 译文：如果明天还下雨的话，雨就整整下了一个星期了。 12. When I was young, I would listen to the radio a whole day whenever I was in a bad mood. 译文：我年轻的时候，每当心情不好就会听一整天收音机 13. The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed US society in many ways. 译文：妇女们大量涌进人才市场刺激了经济增长，也从很多方面改变
专升本英语翻译例题50道培训资料
专升本英语翻译例题 50道
1. This reference book consists of five chapters. 译文：这本参考书包括（有）五章。 2. Angels are usually shown in pictures dressed in white, with wings. 译文：图画中的天使通常是身穿白衣，生有翅膀。 3. Our trip starts from Mount Tai tomorrow and finishes up in Huashan Mountain a week from tomorrow. 译文：我们的旅行明天从泰山开始，一周后在华山结束。 4. He is writing a sequel to his latest best-seller. 译文：他正在写他的最新畅销书的续集。 5. My cousin is leaving my hometown to work in industry in cities. 译文：我的堂兄马上就要离开家乡去城里打工了。 6. If you are going to attend the meeting, you’d better leave now because of the traffic jam. 译文：如果你打算参加会议，你最好现在就走，以免堵车。
7. Have you looked ahead to what you’ll be doing in fives years? 译文：你是否想过五年后你会在做些什么？ 8. How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games? 译文：有多少国家要参加奥运会？ 9. We will have developed our country into one of the medium developed countries by 2050. 译文：到2050年我们将把我国建成世界上中等发达的国家之一。 10. He is a somebody now and he will have forgotten his old friends. 译文：他现在是个重要人物了，可能会把老朋友们都忘了。 11. It will have been raining for a whole week if it rains again tomorrow. 译文：如果明天还下雨的话，雨就整整下了一个星期了。 12. When I was young, I would listen to the radio a whole day whenever I was in a bad mood.