2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题.pdf

2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题

绝密★启用前

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

管理类专业硕士联考

2016年管理类专硕联考英语(二)试题及详解

考生注意事项

1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则

2. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类

型答题卡上的答案无效。

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卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

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生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

Section Ⅰ Use of English

Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each

numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and

willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might

influence___1___firms work, too.

Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a

recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment

activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various

___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and

sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in

wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things.

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for

younger firms, which the authors ___13___to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”　The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem

to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in

places with happiness inequality.

___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to

take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibilit y. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that

happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D m ore than the average,” said one researcher.

1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when

2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion

3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary

4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism

5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change

6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed

7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often

8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered

9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize

10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods

11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable

12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke

13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare

14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced

15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never

16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally

17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since

18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes

19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share

20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out

Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by

choosing A，B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few

introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's

School of Computer Science.

However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn

computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of

letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older

students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve

them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get

to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim,

which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.

The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one

of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons

toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For

instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on

your mood.

The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter

the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem

and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn,

an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to

be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax

the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have

the power to do that -the better.

21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______

[A] complete future job training

[B] remodel the way of thinking

[C] formulate logical hypotheses

[D] perfect artwork production

22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered

their________

[A] experience

[B] interest

[C] career prospects

[D] academic backgrounds

23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________

[A] help students learn other computer languages

[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come

[C] need improving when students look for jobs

[D] enable students to make big quick money

24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______

[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies

[B] stay longer in the information technology industry

[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world

[D] compete with a future army of programmers

25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________

[A] persuade

[B] frighten

[C] misguide

[D] challenge

Text 2

Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind

of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.

The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a

desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists,

however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to

crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the" threatened" tag gave

the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of

the prairie chicken's habitat.

Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as

they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat.

Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses

that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used

to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal

of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife

Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress.

Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing

the species," Ashe said.

Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to

block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three

environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for

managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.

26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.

[A]its drastically decreased population

[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists

[D]the insistence of private landowners

27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.

[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure

[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

[C]granted less federal regulatory power

[D]went against conservation policies

28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not

be prosecuted if they_____.

[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation

[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job

[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species is______.

[A]the federal government

[B]the wildlife agencies

[C]the landowners

[D]the states

30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.

[A]industry groups

[B]the win-win rhetoric

[C]environmental groups

[D]the plan under challenge

Text 3

That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is

made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.

What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques

don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time

to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read

and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.

In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time

as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any

given moment a s well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency,

goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll

manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling

kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly

infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they

pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.

So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes,

such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time."

You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose

e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing

you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you

temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.

31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .

[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind

[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading

[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them

[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed

32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .

[A] update their to-do lists

[B] make passing time fulfilling

[C] carry their plans through

[D] pursue carefree reading

33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading

helps .

[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set

[B] develop online reading habits

[C] promote ritualistic reading

[D] achieve immersive reading

34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .

[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day

[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with

[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading

[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business

35. The best title for this text could be .

[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading

[B] How to Find Time to Read

[C] How to Set Reading Goals

[D] How to Read Extensively

Text 4

Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has

found.

Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having

children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old

mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.

Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will

advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with

more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be

financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.

From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the

aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are

defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing

patterns to politics.

Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than

it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities

in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher a

good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.

Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old

auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after

graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't

afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out

to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could

provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed

college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with

parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "

36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .

[A] trying out different lifestyles

[B] having a family with children

[C] working beyond retirement age

[D] setting up a profitable business

37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .

[A] favor a slower life pace

[B] hold an occupation longer

[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance

[D] give priority to childcare outside the home

38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .

[A] become increasingly clear

[B] focus on materialistic issues

[C] depend largely on political preferences

[D] reach almost all aspects of American life

39. Both young and old agree that .

[A] good-paying jobs are less available

[B] the old made more life achievements

[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain

[D] getting established is harder for the young

40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?

[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college

[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success

[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree

[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging

Part B

Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the

most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to

use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

[A]Be silly

[B]Have fun

[C]Express your emotions

[D]Don't overthink it

[E]Be easily pleased

[F]Notice things

[G]Ask for help

As adults, it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness, often with

mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art ——and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy, instead, they look after

their wellbeing instinctively, and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.

41.__________

What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts.

Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviors, which is in

many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up

suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That’

s about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we need to do is

find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately, and then

——again, like children——move.

42.____________

A couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was nine years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a

fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't stop talking about it. Too often we

believe that a new job, bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet

that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have very

little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small

things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.

43._________________

Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones

in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to

our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off infections. All of which, of course, have a positive effect on happiness levels.

44.______________

The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious

stuff to deal with——work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for

dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own

diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.

Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?) --it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking

too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.

45._______________

s important to add that we shouldn't try Having said all of the above, it’

too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a

negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is

reported to have said:"Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And

in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom

happiness is not a goal but a natural by-product of the way they live.

Part C Translation

46. Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your

translation on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in

the store, the more stuff you’ll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you’ll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according

to the Food Market Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send

shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective,

and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.

Section Ⅲ Writing

Part A

47. Directions:

Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend, Jack, wrote an email

to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation. Write him a reply to

1) thank him, and

2) give you advice

You should write about 100 on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.

Do not write the address. (10 points)

Part B:

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

2016年管理类联考考试大纲(综合能力和英语二)

2016年管理类联考考试大纲（综合能力和英语二） 2016年管理类联考综合能力大纲 考试性质 综合能力考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收管理类专业学位硕士研究生（主要包括MBA/MPA/MPAcc/MEM/MTA等专业联考）而设置的具有选拔性质的全国联考科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备攻读专业学位所必需的基本素质、一般能力和培养潜能，评价的标准是高等学校本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以利于各高等院校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔，确保专业学位硕士研究生的招生质量。 考查目标 1、具有运用数学基础知识、基本方法分析和解决问题的能力。 2、具有较强的分析、推理、论证等逻辑思维能力。 3、具有较强的文字材料理解能力、分析能力以及书面表达能力。 考试形式和试卷结构 一、试卷满分及考试时问 试卷满分为200分，考试时间为180分钟。 二、答题方式

答题方式为闭卷、笔试。不允许使用计算器。 三、试卷内容与题型结构 数学基础 75分，有以下两种题型： 问题求解15小题，每小题3分，共45分 条件充分性判断 10小题，每小题3分，共30分 逻辑推理 30小题，每小题2分，共60分 写作 2小题，其中论证有效性分析30分，论说文35分，共65分 考查内容 一、数学基础 综合能力考试中的数学基础部分主要考查考生的运算能力、逻辑推理能力、空间想象能力和数据处理能力，通过问题求解和条件充分性判断两种形式来测试。 试题涉及的数学知识范围有： （一）算术 1．整数 （1）整数及其运算 （2）整除、公倍数、公约数

（3）奇数、偶数 （4）质数、合数 2.分数、小数、百分数 3.比与比例 4.数轴与绝对值 （二）代数 1．整式 （1）整式及其运算 （2）整式的因式与因式分解 2．分式及其运算 3．函数 （1）集合 （2）一元二次函数及其图像 （3）指数函数、对数函数（新增加考点）4．代数方程 （1）一元一次方程 （2）一元二次方程 （3）二元一次方程组 5．不等式 （1）不等式的性质 （2）均值不等式 （3）不等式求解

2017考研MBA管理类联考英语考试真题及答案

2017考研MBA管理类联考考试已经落下了帷幕，MBA小编第一时间为大家整理了 2017MBA管理类联考英语二解析，以供大家参考。 完形填空 答案： 1-5 CADAB 6-10 DCACC 11-15 CBADC 16-20 DABDB 英语阅读理解 Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 答案 21.A gained great popularity 22.B promote sport participation 23.C does not emphasize elitism 24.D invest in public sports facilities Text 2 With so much focus on children use of screens, it is easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “tech is designed to really suck you in ,”says jenny pedesky in her study of diital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement . it makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.” Pedesky has studied the use of mobile phone and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise stared 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer bnonverbal interaction with their children. During a separate observation she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents faces try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive-as they often are when absorbed in a device-it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Padesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist. Ed tronick in the 1970s. in it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: the child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to be a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says radesky.

2016年考研英语二真题参考答案

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Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too. Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. ___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various ___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”　The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality. ___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibilit y. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D m ore than the average,” said one researcher. 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when 2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion

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