2013年高考英语试题分类解析

1. 交际用语

2. 代词

3. 倒装、强调、祈使与省略

4. 定语从句

5. 动词时态与语态

6. 动词与动词短语

7. 非谓语动词

8. 冠词

9. 介词与介词短语10. 名词性从句11. 名词与主谓一致12. 情态动词与虚拟语气13. 形容词与副词14. 状语从句与并列句

交际用语

1.【2013陕西】23.—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon?

—______. Will two o’clock be OK?

A. Sure, it’s up to you

B. Sure, no problem

C. Sorry, I can’t make it

D. Sorry, I’m not available today

【答案】C

【解析】考查交际用语。Sorry, I can’t make it我去不了。句意：—一点时可去喝饮料吗？—很抱歉，不行，两点可以吗？

【语言学习】make it达到预定目标，及时抵达，走完路程

We handed out 100 tickets, but only half made it to the lecture. 我们发出去100张票，但真正到场的只有不到一半。

2.【2013陕西】15 —I’m tired. I’m taking next week off.

—______, honey. You do need a break.

A. Not so sure

B. Forget it

C. Great idea

D. No way

【答案】C

【解析】考查交际用语。Great idea好主意。句意：—我累了。我下周请假。—好主意，你确实需要休息。

【语言学习】take next week off

He took two days off within the teacher's permission. 得到老师允许，他告假两天。

3.【2013重庆35】—Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.

—_______ Thank you all the same.

A. It's very kind of you.

B. Oh, how careless of me!

C.I might as well go and get it.

D. Well, I can do without it.

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。It's very kind of you用于感谢。句意：—忘东西？如果想去取，我可照看你的孩子。—你太好了，不管怎样还是感谢你。Oh, how careless of me! 我太粗心了！不符合语境；I might as well go and get it我倒不如自己去取；Well, I can do without it我没那个东西也行。

【语言学习】keep an eye on照看，留意，密切注视

I went to buy a ticket when he kept an eye on the luggage. 我买票，他忙着照看行李。

4.【2013辽宁35】—I’m afraid you have the wrong number.

—Sorry! _______

A. See you later

B. I didn’t know that

C. Hold on, please

D. I hope I didn’t bother yo u

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。I hope I didn’t bother you希望没打扰到你。句意：—恐怕你拨错了号码。—很抱歉，希望没打扰到你。

【语言学习】Hold on

1. 抓住，使……位置固定

He held on tight to the rope and climbed down the building.他紧紧抓住绳子，从楼上爬了下来。The fishing tackle was held on the top of his car by ropes.他把钓具用绳子固定在他的汽车顶上。

2. 坚持，固守

He said he would hold on to the truth with his blood and life.他说他会为坚持真理而奉献鲜血和生命。

We were told to hold on in the position.我们接到命令要固守阵地。

3. 继续前行，(习惯等)沿袭下来

Hold on to the third block, then turn left. 一直往前走，到第三个街区后向左拐。

The custom has been held on nowadays.这个习俗一直流传到现在。

4. 等一等，不挂断电话

“May I talk to Mr. Thomas?” “Hold on, your name please, did you make an appointment?” “我可以和托马斯先生谈谈吗?”“等一下，请问您贵姓，您事先预约了吗?”

I was asked to hold on until Mr. Brown was coming.接电话的人让我不要挂电话，布朗先生这就过来接我的电话。

5.【2013辽宁21】—What do you think of the house?

—______ It’s everything we’ve been looking for.

A. Perfect!

B. Good idea!

C. Not bad.

D. So-so.

【答案】A

【解析】考查交际用语。Perfect完美的。句意：—房子怎样？—太完美了，正是我们在寻找的东西。

【语言学习】everything最重要的事情，最重要(或最宝贵)的事物(或东西)

Appearance is not everything. 外貌并不能代表一切。

Money is not everything. 钞票不是万能的。

6.【2013福建33】—Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?

—________.

A. Yes, with great pleasure.

B. No, I am afraid I can’t make it

C. Yes, it is worth the time

D. No, as long as it doesn’t take long

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。句意：—介意回答一些购物习惯的问题吗？—只要不会花很长时间。A项意为“介意，非常乐意”，B项“不介意，恐怕我做不到”，C项意为“介意，值得花时间”，D项意为“不介意，只要不会花很长时间”，语境可知D项正确。

7.【2013浙江20】— Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change?

—_______. Will pennies do?

A. I know

B. Never mind

C. I am sure

D. Let me see

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。Let me see让我看看，让我想一想。句意：—麻烦你换点零钞可以吗？—我看看，硬币可以吗？

【语言学习】do适合，足够

This will do me very well.这对我非常适用。

These shoes won't do for mountain-climbing. 这些鞋子不适合爬山穿。

8.【2013浙江1】—Hey, can I ask you a favor?

—Sure, _______

A. here you are.

B. just as I thought.

C. how is it going?

D. what can I do for you?

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么？句意：—能帮忙吗？—行，能为你做什么？

9.【2013江西21】—Thanks a lot for your book. I found it very interesting.

—_______. I’m glad you enjoyed it.

A. All the best

B. It is nothing

C. No thanks

D. Very well.

【答案】B

【解析】考查交际用语。句意：—非常感谢你的书。书很有趣。—没什么。非常高兴你喜欢。语境表明空格处用It is nothing。All the best一切顺利，万事如意。

10.【2013江苏35】—Thank you for the flowers.

—_______. I thought they might cheer you up.

A. That’s right

B. All right

C. I’m all right

D. It’s all right

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。It’s al l right不用谢，不客气，回答别人的道谢。That’s right那是正确的；All right行，好的；I’m all right我很好。句意：—感谢你的花。—不用谢，我认为能让你高兴。

11.【2013江苏22】—The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.

—_______? But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.

A. Who says

B. How come

C. What for

D. Why worry

【答案】B

【解析】考查交际用语。How come怎么会呢。Who says谁说的，What for为何，Why worry 何苦呢。句意：—我收到的体恤衫网上的不一样。—怎么会呢?我向你保证我们会立刻调查清楚。

【语言学习】look into调查，往里看

He looked into the shop on the way. 在路上他顺便进商店看一看。

We took your case seriously and have looked into the matter in detail. 我方认真考虑了你方的情况，并已作了详细的调查。

12.【2013新课标I卷21】—Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!

—_______ , madam. This is our soup of the day.

A. Let me see B so it is C Don’t mention it D Neither do I

【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。so it is确实如此。句意：—这没特点，只是很平常的菜汤！—确实。这是我们白天的汤。Let me see让我看看，让我想一想；Don’t mention it不用谢，无足挂齿，不必客气；Neither do I我也不。

13.【2013新课标II卷15】—Are you sure you won't come for a drink with us?

—_______, if you insist.

A. Not at all

B. It depends

C. All right then

D.I don't care

【答案】C

【解析】考查交际用语。All right then那好吧，行吧。句意：—你确定不和我们喝点儿吗？—如果你坚持的话，那也行。Not at all一点也不，别客气；It depends视情况而定；I don't care 我不在乎。

14.【2013新课标II卷1】—I'm sorry I made a mistake!

—_______. Nobody is perfect.

A. Take your time

B. You're right

C. Whatever you say

D. Take it easy

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。take it easy放松。句意：—很抱歉，犯了一错误。—放松些，别放心上。人无完人。Take your time慢慢来，别着急，用于宽慰时间紧的人；You're right你是对的；Whatever you say无论你说什么。这些都不符合语境。

15.【2013安徽35】—How did your interview with the manager go?

—_______ He seemed interested in my experience, but he didn’t ask for references.

A. Perfect!

B. I’m not sure.

C. That’s right.

D. Couldn’t be better.

【答案】B

【解析】考查交际用语。I’m not sure不确定。句意：—面试怎样？—不确定，经理看来对我的经历感兴趣，但并没问打听我的爱好。

16.【2013安徽25】—This is your order, a hamburger and an apple pie. _______?

—I’ll have it here.

A. Anything else

B. Is that OK

C. For here or to go

D. Something to drink

【答案】C

【解析】考查交际用语。题中信息I’ll have it here表明问句为For here or to go？句意：这是你的汉堡包和苹果派？在这儿吃还是带走？

【语言学习】For here or to go在这儿吃还是带走，堂食或外卖，食堂或外卖。

17.【2013天津4】—Mary’s been offered a job in a university, but she doesn’t want to take it.—_______? It’s a very good chance.

A. Guess what

B. So what

C. Who cares

D. But why

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。But why这是为什么。句意：—玛丽被提供了一份大学里的工作，但她不愿接受。—但为什么呀？是好机会。Guess what猜看怎么了，So what那又如何呢，Who cares谁在乎。

18.【2013天津1】—I’m going to Venice next week.

—_______.Carnival will be held then. Have fun！

A. You’re crazy

B. You’re lucky

C. You’d better not

D. You never know

【答案】B

【解析】考查交际用语。句意：You’re lucky你幸运。—我下周去威尼斯。—你真幸运。到时有狂欢节，玩高兴。

19.【2013山东23】— How far can you run without stopping?

—_______. I’ve never tried.

A. Don’t mention it

B. That’s all right

C. I have no idea

D. Go ahead

【答案】C

【解析】考查交际用语。I have no idea我不知道。句意：—你直能跑多远？—不知道，我从未尝试过。Don’t mention it不用谢；Go ahead 进行，进展；说吧，开始吧，开始(做某事)。

20.【2013山东32】— This is a reall y lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?

—_______ The hosts know how to host a party.

A. Don't worry

B. Yes, indeed

C. No, there’s isn’t

D. It all depends

【答案】B

【解析】考查交际用语。Yes, indeed是的，确实。—这确实是一个热闹的聚会。气氛很好，对吧？—确实是，主人擅长怎样举办晚会。Don’t worry.别担心。It all depends.看情况。

【语言学习】atmosphere周围情况，气氛

We've enjoyed the victory and it was a good atmosphere on the bus coming back from the game.

我们很享受胜利的喜悦，在回城的大巴上，气氛好极了

21.【2013四川1】—I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow. —_______.

A. I really envy you

B. Glad to hear that

C. Sounds great

D. Take it easy

【答案】D

【解析】考查交际用语。Take it easy不要紧张，放松。句意：—明天要参加全国英语比赛，我很紧张。—放松些，别紧张。I really envy you确实嫉妒你；Glad to hear that听到很高兴；Sounds great听起来不错。

代词

【2013陕西】22. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost______ of her enthusiasm for life.

A. some

B. neither

C. none

D. all

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词。句意：虽然Rosemary这些年患上了一种严重的疾病，但是她并没丧失对生活的一点热情。语境表明空格处用否定词；而neither指两者，不能选择。

【2013重庆31】Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is_______.

A. another

B. the other

C. one another

D. one

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词用法。another（泛指）另一个，再一个；one…another…为固定用法。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方式；再利用是另一种方式。the other（特指）两者中的另一个；one another互相。

【2013辽宁29】To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _____ of her colleagues.

A. that

B. one

C. ones

D. those

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词。that替代不可数名词trust避免重复。如果替代可数名词复数用those或the ones。句意：让Della高兴的是她先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任。

【语言学习】earn

1. 挣得(工资、薪水等)，挣钱，谋生

to earn one's living谋生

She earned her living as an interpreter. 她靠当译员谋生。

2. 应得，值得

He received more than he has earned. 他得到超过应得的报酬。

3.赢得，获得；使得到：

to earn a reputation for honesty 博得诚实的美名

His accomplishments earned respect for him. 他的成就赢得了人们的尊敬。

【2013福建35】A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful ______ if we do something to stop progress.

A. either

B. neither

C. too

D. also

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词用法。either [用于否定句或否定词组后]也(不……)，亦。句意：一个社会如果丢掉了其传统不可能会成功如果，但是一个社会如果阻止进步也不会成功。

【2013浙江11】Half of _______ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.

A. these

B. some

C. ones

D. those

【答案】D

【解析】考查代词。横线后有后置定语surveyed in 16 countries，用those表示特指。句意：被调查的那些人中的一半讲他们找最亲密的朋友分享最真诚的祝福和最可怕的恐惧。

【2013江西23】_______ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it.

A. Anybody

B. Everybody

C. Nobody

D. Somebody 【答案】C

【解析】考查代词。句意：如果不喜欢做，不可能会有人40年都擅长做一件事。语境表明空格处用否定词。

【2013新课标II卷14】It's an either-or situation —we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do_______.

A. others

B. either

C. another

D. both

【答案】D

【解析】考查代词。Not…both两者不完全否定。句意：这是个二选一的情形——要么今年买辆新车，要么去度假，但我们不能两件事都做。either两者中任意一个，another三者或三者以上中任意一个。

【2013安徽27】This project requires close teamwork. _______ will be achieved unless we work well together.

A. Nothing

B. Anything

C. Something

D. Everything

【答案】A

【解析】考查不定代词。句意：该项目需要密切合作。除非合作顺利，否则不会有任何成就。【2013天津12】At our factory there are a few machines similar to_______ described in this magazine.

A. them

B. these

C. those

D. ones

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词。比较对象的替代以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，空格处用those替代machines避免重复。句意：在我们工厂有些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器。

【语言学习】be similar to

Let us suppose another planet with conditions similar to those on the earth. 让我们假定另外有一个具有和地球上相似条件的行星。

The example that the researcher gave was similar to what happened this morning. 研究人员所举的例子跟我今天早上发生的事很相似。

【2013山东21】I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like _______ of them very much.

A. either

B. any

C. each

D. another

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词用法。句意：我在纽约和芝加哥居住过，但这两个地方我都不很喜欢。Not…either相当于neither两者都不。

【2013四川2】The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than_______ on the small ones.

A. one

B. this

C. that

D. it

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词用法。句意：大街的绿灯信号比小街上的更长。that特指，指代green signal 不可数名词避免重复。one泛指，同类不同体；it同类同体。

【2013上海26】Those who smoke heavily should remind _______ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people.

A. theirs

B. them

C. themselves

D. oneself

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词。句意：那些烟瘾很大的人应该提醒自己注意健康，难闻的气味以及他人的感受。句意表明用反身代词做宾语。

倒装、强调、祈使与省略

【2013重庆27】It was with the help of the local guide_______ the mountain climber was rescued.

A. who

B. that

C. when

D. how

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。题中对状语with the help of the local guide强调。句意：正是有了当地导游的帮助，登山终于获救。

【2013辽宁26】At no time______ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.

A. they actually broke

B. do they actually break

C. did they actually break

D. they had actually broken

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装句型。否定词或否定短语放于句首，句子用不完全倒装。句中at no time （在任何时候都不，决不）引起句子不完全倒装，将助动词放于主语之前。根据题干时态标志词was，所以用助动词did。句意：他们从没违反规则，惩罚他们不公平。

【2013福建34】Not until he went through real hardship _____ the love we have for our families is important.

A. had he realized

B. did he realize

C. he realized

D. he had realized

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句型。Not…until句型的倒装句结构：Not until +从句+ 助动词+主语+谓语……；语境表明主句的时态为一般过去时态。句意：直到他经历了真正的困难他才意识到我们对爱家庭的重要性。

【2013湖南35】Not once _______ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

A. occurred it

B. it did occur

C. it occurred

D. did it occur

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装。定词（短语）放于句首，句子要部分倒装，用助动词did放于主语it 之前。句意：迈克尔一次也没有想到有一天他会成为班上顶尖的学生。

【语言学习】It occurred to sb that某种想法突然出现在某人脑中

It occurred to me that few of my Chinese friends have ever heard true country music. 在我看来，我的中国朋友中几乎没有谁听到过真正的美国乡村音乐。

【2013湖南30】Every day _______ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.

A. read

B. reading

C. to read

D. reads

【答案】A

【解析】考查特殊句型。该句为祈使句，故用动词原形。句意：每天大声读一个谚语直到你记住它。

【2013江西25】Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _______ to him again.

A. I will speak

B. will I speak

C. do I speak

D. I speak

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装。Only+ 状语（从句）放于句首，句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词放于主语之前，故排除A、D项；根据句意可以判断应该是对于将来事情的叙述，所以助动词用will。句意：只有当他就自己的粗鲁道歉时，我才倒再对他讲话。

【语言学习】apologize 道歉，表示歉意；认错，谢罪：

She apologized for accusing him falsely.她为错误地咒骂他而道歉。

The young man apologized to the elderly lady for spilling coffee on her skirt. 年轻人为把咖啡洒在老夫人的裙子了向她道歉。

Evidently he made a public apology to everyone he’d hurt saying he wanted to do good from then on. 显然，他向所有自己曾经伤害过的人，做出了公开道歉，并且表示要从此改头换面，弃恶从善。

【2013江苏27】“Never for a second ,” the boy says, _______ “that my father would come to my rescue.”

A. I doubted

B. do I doubt

C. I have doubted

D. did I doubt

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装句型。否定词或否定短语位于句首时，句子要不完全倒装；句中never for a second为否定短语，句子描述过去的事情。句意：“从来没有一秒钟,” 那个男孩说,“怀疑过父亲会来救我。”

【语言学习】come to one’s rescue营救某人

I was too tired to take care of the kids but my mom came to my rescue. 我累到没有办法来照顾孩子，但是我妈妈来帮我的忙。

【2013新课标II卷12】Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent_______ properly in this hospital.

A. can be the patients

B. can the patients be treated

C. the patients can be treated

D. treated can be the patients

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句。Only修饰状语（副词、介词短语、或状语从句）置于句首，句子应用不完全倒装。题中将助动词can放于主语the patients之前。句意：只有医生数量增加50%的，这医院的患者才能合适地治疗。

【2013新课标II卷10】It was only after he had read the papers_______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。题干可还原为：Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers。

【2013天津11】It was not until near the end of the letter_______ she mentioned her own plan.

A. that

B. where

C. why

D. when

【答案】A

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。句意：就在信件的结尾部份，她提及到了自己的计划。

【语言学习】强调句相关的特殊结构

1．“only+状语”进行强调时，that后的句子用陈述句语序，但注意：当only修饰状语（介、副词，从句等）位于句首时，应该用部分倒装。

It was only with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.（20004上海）

Only by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (2006浙江)

2．在“not…until”结构中，对until从句强调时，that后的句子用仍陈述句语序，但是也要注意：当“not until…”置于句首时，应该部分倒装结构。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET 92)

Not until all the fish died in the river, did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. (NMET95)

3. 强调句型的否定句、一般疑问句及其特殊疑问句

强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it...that/who...? 强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was it that / who...？注意：that/who后面用陈述句语序。

Where was it that he bought the second-hand book?

Was it in 2006 when you were in college that you got to know Mike?

Why! I have nothing to confess. What is it that you want me to say?(2004上海)

4．嵌入式的强调结构，要注意这种结构中that在句中的位置和that之后的语序序问题。

The question is which book it is that you want to buy. 表语从句中嵌入强调结构

I just wonder what it is that makes him so excited.（2006山东）宾语从句中嵌入强调结构

It was at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood. 被强调的地

点状语中嵌入了定语从句

【2013上海37】_______ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.

A. To look

B. Looking

C. Having looked

D. Look

【答案】D

【解析】考查特殊句型。句中并列连词and连接两个并列句，空格处用动词原形，构成祈使句。句意：看照片，插图和标题，就可猜出文段的内容。

【2013上海39】Among the crises that face humans _______ the lack of natural resources.

A. is

B. are

C. is there

D. are there

【答案】A

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。句子主语部份the lack of natural resources有中心词为lack，所以谓语动词用单数is。题干为“表系主” 型的倒装，介词短语among the crises that face humans做表语。注意：该句不是There be句型。

【语言学习】a lack of缺乏

They felt a lack of warmth in his exceeding formal congratulatory speech. 他们感到他那过于刻板的祝词缺乏热情。

定语从句

【2013陕西】16. ______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.

A. It

B. That

C. What

D. As

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：正如孩子们常有的情况一样，医生到的时候Amy就好多了。as引导的非限制性的定语从句位于主句之前，指代整个主句内容。

【2013重庆24】John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_______ are family members.

A them B. that C. which D. whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。定语先行词为40 people，在从句中做介词of的宾语，用whom引导。注意：介词之后不能用that，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。句意：约翰邀请约40人参加他的婚礼,其中大多数是家庭成员。