高中英语语法之四种名词性从句

四种名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句)讲解与练习

◆学习宾语从句

学习宾语从句的连词、语序、时态和各种变化及特殊用法(直接引证变间接引语也在

宾语从句的基础上还要进行人称、状语、少数动词和句型的变化)是为学习其它三种名词性从句(主从、表从、同位从)做铺垫，连词、语序、时态基本相同，只是后三种考点相对宾.语从句少的多，主要是对连词的应用进行考查。所以学好宾语从句是必要的。

宾语从句三注意三特殊

一注意:注意引导词(连词)

由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由

一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what, when，where 等。

Eg：Tom says(that)he will fly to Beijing tomorrow.

汤姆说他明天将要坐飞机去北京

二注意:注意从句语序.

宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。

Can you tell me what he is doing能告诉我他正在做什么吗?

<特别提醒>当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。

Eg：Do you know what makes him so angry?

你知道什么事使他如此生气吗？

<特别提醒>如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在.时态。

Eg：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.

老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。

◆主语从句(与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。只是不能用if, that 不可省;)

(一)、主语从句是一个句子，在句子中作主语成分。

(二)，主语从句的特点

1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词，只是if不能用;

1)、陈述句用that。

2)、一般疑问句用whether。

3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how等词引导。

2.以it为形式主语出现

Eg：1.It's true that the earth is round.

That the earth is round is true.

2.表是否的意思时，不能用if代替whether.

It hasn't been decided whether he'll come or not.

Whether he'll come or not hasn't been decided.

3.从句语序为主谓宾正常语序。

Why didn't he come?

Why he didn't come is not known.

（三）特殊疑问词变化

Whoever=no matter who=any one who

Whomever=no matter who=any one who

Whoseever=no matter whose=any one whose

Whichever=no matter which=any one which

Whatever=no matter what=anything that

What=先行词+which/that

◆同位语从句

(一)、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质

1、在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句;所用连词与宾语从句(除不能用if)和主语从句相同

2、连词

1)、陈述句用that。

2)、一般疑问句用whether.

3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, ho等词引导。

3、常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish, promise, answer, evidence, report,

explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位

语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。

例: The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school他们比赛获胜

的消息很快传遍了整个学校。

析: they had won the gan说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。.

(二)、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句

1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。(即that不充当任何成分，只起

连接作用)

例:

The general gave the order that the soldiers should Cross the river at once

将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。

析: the soldiers should cross the river at o显the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此

应用that引导同位语从句。

2.如一般疑问句whether做同位语从句的连词，译成"是否" (if 不能引导同位语从句)。

例: We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time我们将讨论运

动会是否会如期举行的问题。

析: the sports meeting will be held on tim般疑问句做同位语从句，原句为: Will the sports meeting be held on time?

3.如同位语是特殊疑问句做同位语从句，连词就应用when,where,how等疑问词引导

例1: I have no idea when he will be back.

析: when he will be back原句为When will he be back?

例2: I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike.

析:How did he go home是原句，连词就How.

4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。

如: The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city他突然想到敌人可能

已经逃出城了。

(三)、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限

同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的引导词均

不在从句中作成分;定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系, 且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。

区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词be,使之构成-一个新句子，如果句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。

如: The report that he was going to resign was false.

他将辞职的传闻是假的。

因为the report was that he was going to resign句意通顺，所以that he was going to resig显同位语从句。

表语从句

1、概述

用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。

2、引导表语从句的词有从属连词(所用连词与宾语从句(除不能用if) .

和主语从句相同、同位语从句相同)，不同之处还可用because,As if;as though引导。

1)、陈述句用that。

2)、一般疑问句用whether。

3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how

That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略

4、陈述句做表语从句连词that，that 在引导表语从句时无词义。.

一.般疑问句用whether引导，whether 有词义，意为、“是否”。这时

主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题), trouble(麻烦), problem(问题), result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。

5、由疑问词引导的表语从句。

who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，疑问代词不能省略。

6、由连词because, as if/as though等引导的表语从句。

(1) I don't know _________or not

A. whether he is at home

B.if he Is at home

Cthat he is at home

D.whether is he at home

(2) This depends on t_________he weather is .fine

A. which

B.whether

C. if

D. that

(3) The teacher asked the new student_________class he was in

A. which

B.where

C. if

D. that

(4) I don't know_________Mr Green will come to see us.He 'll help us with our English

A.why

B. when

C.how

D. where

(5)Be careful!

Don't break the bottles Do you hear_________I said? David?

Yes,Mum

A. what

B. that

C. why

D. if

类型二:宾语从句的语序一陈述句语序

(1)Did you find out________?

A.she was looking for whose child

B.whose child was she looking for

C.whose child she is looking for

D. whose child she was looking for

(2)Are you interested in________?

A.how did he do it

B.he did It how

C.how he did it

D.he how did it

( 3)I don't know ________Can you tell me?

A. how the two players are old

B. how old are the two players

C.the two players are how old

D. how old the two players are

(4)--- What did the scientist say?

---He said he wondered if________ into space by spaceship one day

A. he had to fly

B. he could fly

C. can he fly

D. could he fly

(5)Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me

A. Where the bank nearest

B. where is the nearest bank

C. where the nearest bank is

D. the nearest bank is where

类型三:时态

(1) It's 7: 30. I can't believe you___ cooking dinner , yet Sally.

A. haven't started

B. didn't

C. don't start

D hadn't started

(2)The teacher told us yesterday that December 25________Christmas Day

A. is

B. was

C.has been

D. will be .

(3)The teacher said that the earth________round the. sun

A. goes .

B. go

C. went

D. will go

( 4)We 'd like to tell you that you________the exam

A. have passed

B. had passed

C. pass .

D. will pass ，

( 5)“Could you tell me________?“Yes They ________to the library"

A. where are the twins have been

B.where were the twins have been

C. where the twins are have gone

D,

where the twins were have gone

类型一: ABABA

类型二DCDBC

类型三AAAAC

最新高中英语语法定语从句总复习

高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

高中英语【语法归纳】宾语从句

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对的，可一般来说都是分成两句讲。 I don't know.Is anything wrong？/what's wrong with you. C.特殊类型的宾语从句：当主句中的谓语动词表示认为、建议、猜测时，如think,say,guess,suppose,suggest,say,believe,feel,consider等，这时宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why,就不能按照正常语序安排,经常会将这类词放在句首。 例：What course do you say I should take up this semester? Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? 4、连接词（引导词） 1）陈述句做宾语（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导。在口语或非正式体中常省略。 例：I don’t know（that）Tom was late again. 2）一般疑问句做宾语，用if／whether引导，if或whether在宾语从句中不作成分。但if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例：I want to know if(whether)he lives there. He asked me whether(if)I could help him. ★if/whether的区别 A.从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether； B.及物动词discuss后的宾从，只用whether； C.if与whether都可以与or not连用，但后面紧跟着or not时只能用whether； D.介词后的宾从只用whether; E.后接动词不定式时用whether. 3）特殊疑问句做宾语，用特殊疑问词连接（宾语从句缺什么成分就选择相应的特殊疑问词）。

高中英语语法系列：定语从句

高中英语语法系列：定语从句 知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等 关系词三重作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中，who lives next to me是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom指人，用作宾语 which指物，用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物，用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句： 先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.

高中英语语法大全

（1）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。（2）主语从句 1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释： 1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that

高中英语语法状语从句归纳总结

状语从句一． 二．分类：

adv.+that （如此……以致） so that （结果……） such+n.+that （如果……以致） that （所以，因此） 让步状语从句： though/although 不可同but 连用。 though/although （虽然） however （可是） even though/if （即使） no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever （不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时） 比较状语从句： as （正如） as…as （和……一样） not as/so … as （不如……） than （比……更） the+比较级…+the+比较级 （越……越……） 条件状语从句： if （假设） unless （如果不） so long as （只要） on condition that （如果） 方式状语从句： as （像……那样地） just as （正像） as if （好像） as though （好像） 三． 四． 各种状语从句的简化方法：

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