中考英语连词用法讲解

中考英语连词用法讲解

Step 1 language point

1、连词的含义：

连接词与词、短语与短语、或引导从句的词叫连接词。

2、连词的分类：

连词分为并列连接词和从属连接词两种。

（1）并列连接词连接并列的词、短语、从句或句子。常见的并列连接词有：

and （和），but （但是），or （或者，否则），nor （也不），so （所以），however （然而，无论如何），for （因为），still （可是），as well as （也），both..and…（…和…），not only ...but also...（不但…而且…），either … or…或…或…），neither … nor …既不…也不…）等。

（2）从属连接词用于引导从句，常见的从属连接词有：

when （当…时候），while （正当…时候），after （在…之后），before （在…之前），since

（自从），until （直到），although/though （虽然），if （假如），as （如…一样；由于），

as …as•••（和••一样），as far as （就…而言），as long as （只要），as soon as （—…就…）, even if （即使），because （因为），unless （除非），than （比…）,whether （是否…）,in order that…（为了），so…that…（如此…以致），so that…（以便），now that…（现在既然），by the time …（至到—时候），every time …（每当），as if …（仿佛），no matter when

（或whenevei）（无论何时），no matter where （或wherever）（无论在哪里）等。从属连词可引导状语从句。

［辨析］

（1）because as、since for 的用法：

because （因为）表示原因的语气最强，

常表示必然的因果关系，从句一般放在主句后面；

回答why的问句只能用because

as （因为）表示一般的因果关系，语气比because弱，说明比较明显的原因，它引导的从

句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾。

since （既然）表示对方已经知道、无需加以说明的原因或事实。

for （因为）是并列连词，语气较弱，用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释。

女口：He is not at school today because he is seriously ill.

As all of you have got here, now, let ' s go to the zoo.

I will ask Lin Tao to go with me since you are very busy

We must be off now_［Qr the match starts at 7 00.

（2）if、whether 的区别：

表示"是否”时，if和whether同义，引导宾语从句，

另外，whether还可以引导主语从句、表语从句（以及同位语从句）等名词性从句或者让步状语从句；

而if还可以表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，（主句与从句遵循主将从现的原则）。

女口：I don ' t knoW/whether he will arrive on time.

我不知道他是不是会按时到。

I will ring you up ifhe arrives on time.

如果他按时到达我会给你打电话的。

［注意］下列情况只能用whether不能用if：

①引导主语从句，

②引导表语从句，

③引导从句作介词宾语，

④引导不定式短语，

⑤引导让步状语从句，

⑥在动词discuss之后，

⑦在wonder / not sure之后，

⑧在if与whether含义易混时。

如：Whether it is a fine day next Sunday is still a question.（引导主语从句）

Please ask him whether to go there with a raincoat or not.（作动词的宾语）

Hainan is the place to be, whether it ' s summer or w inter导让步状语从句）

Please let me know whether you need my help.（引导宾语从句）（如果换成if则还可能表示

“如果你需要我的帮助请告知”）

（3）while、when、as 的用法区别：

while常表示一个较长的动作，它引导的从句动作与主句的动作是同时发生的、是平行的；when可以表示较短的动作也可以表示较长的动作，主句和从句的动作可以同时发生也可以先后发生；

as与上两词同义，可替换while和when，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，常译为“一

边 ... 一边 .... ”。

女口：Please do not trouble me while I am writing my homework.

I ' ll go homehen I have finished my job.

They were running quickly across the road when they heard the sound of a truck coming. As we walked in the dark street, we sang songs and talked loudly

(4) till/until 与not…till/until 的区别：

前者表示一个延续性的动作，后者表示一个才开始的动作。

如：I will stay here and watch the baby until you return. (stay 这个动作一直进行到你return)

They won ' t go on workingptil they get what they think is reasonable

另外till与until基本可以互换，但是在句首时只能用until,不能用till.

女口：Until the last minute of the match we kept playing.

Not until he had finished his work did he go home (倒装句)

（5）though 与although 的区别：

两个词都表示“虽然”，均不可以与but同时使用，但在句中可加still或yet连用。although “尽管、虽然”仅作连词，比较正式，一般可以换为though；

though “虽然、尽管、即使”，还可以与even连用（=even if），表示“即使、纵然”，作副词时意思是“然而、不过”，不能放在句首。

女口：He passed the exams although illness prevented him from going to classes.

she won ' t leave the TV saten though her husband is waiting for her for the supper

It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though

(6) prefer to …rather than 与 prefer …to••的区另U:

prefer to …rather thai后面都是用动词原形，prefer…to都是用动名词或名词。

女口：I prefer English to Japanese. /

I prefer to learn English rather than learn Japanese.

定义：修饰谓语动词或某个句子的“词，短语，句子”；

用来说明谓语动词发生的时间、地点、方式、因果、条件、让步、目的、程度等。

2、什么可以作状语：

1）副词（短语）作状语：

The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）

The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语）

2）介词短语作状语：

In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）

Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前，汤姆总是一个男孩子.（条件状语） On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天，教室里没有学生.（时间状语）

3）分词（短语）作状语：

He sits there,ask ing for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态）

Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen.

因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）

Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./ （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）

4）不定式作状语：

The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语）

To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very in terested in bus in ess.

为实现梦想，汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.

5）句子做状语：

He had lear ned a little Chin ese before he came to China.

在他来中国之前，他已经掌握了一些中文。

二、状语从句的分类

1. 时间状语从句

(1) 时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as 等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard whe n we got to school yesterday.

While he was doing his homework, the teleph one rang.

As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.

He had lear ned a little Chin ese before he came to China.

After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.

(2) 在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：

I ' ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York.

I will tell him everyth ing whe n he comes back.

He won ' t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.

(3) 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是

一直到……时”谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是直到……才……”,在彳••…以前不……”，谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：

The young man read till the light went out.

Let ' s wait until the rain stops.

We won' t start until Bob comes.

Don' t get off un til the bus stops.

[Practice]

I didn ' t know he came back I met him in the street.

A. since

B. whe n

C. un til

D. after

请填入适当的引导词

I haven ' t heard from him ______ he went to America .

We found the books two days ____ he had gone away .

Do no t leave the room ____ you have fini shed the test.

2. 条件状语从句

(1) 条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：

What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?

Don' t leave the buildi ng uni ess I tell you to.

(2) 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：

I ' ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.

He won ' t be late uni ess he is ill.

⑶祈使句+ and (or)+陈述句"在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:

Hurry up, or you ' ll be late.

=If you don ' t hurry up, you ' ll be late.

Study hard and you will pass the exam.

=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

[Practice]

1. If you ____ late tomorrow morning, you won ' t catch the early bus.

A. get up

B. don ' t get up

C. will get up

3. 原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：

He didn ' t come to school because he was ill.

As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.

Since you can ' t an swer the questi on, I ' ll ask some one else.

⑵because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答

由why提出的问题，只能用because As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：

----- Why aren ' t going there?

----- Because I don ' t want to.

As he has no car, he can ' t get there easily.

Since we have no money, we can ' t buy it.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

[Practice]

1. I keep an En glish diary __ it helps me improve my writi ng skill.

A. how

B. when

C. because

D. if

2. ____ his leg was hurt, ____ e walked slowly.

A. Because; so

B. Because; /

C. Although; but

D. Although; /

3. .I collect toys because they are beautiful.(对画线部分提问)ou collect toys?

4. 结果状语从句

(1) 结果状语从句由so…that, such …that, so tha导。例如：

He is so poor that he can ' t buy a bike for his son.

She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.

My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn ' t see it.

(2) so…tha语such...that可以互换。例如：

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是：“...so形容词

(副词)+ that +从句”例如：

He was so glad that he couldn ' t say a word.

The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.

Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，

前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：

It was such a hot day that n obody wan ted to do any thi ng.

He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceili ng.

He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：

It was such a won derful film that all of us wan ted to see it aga in.

=The film was so won derful that all of us wan ted to see it aga in.

It is such an importa nt match that no body wants to miss it.

=The match is so importa nt that n obody wants to miss it.

⑶如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so不用such。例如：

Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.

He has so little time that he can ' t go to the cinema with you.

[Practice]

()1. This exercise is _______ difficult ____ .

A. so; that few of us can do

B. so; that few of us can do it

C. too; for anyone of us to do

D. too; for anyone of us to do it

2. This math problem is so easy that I can work it out.( 改为简单句)

This math problem is _____________ to work out.

5. 比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+ than…等连词引导。例如：

Tom runs faster tha n Joh n does.

This classroom is as big as that one.

[Practice]

()1.Our village has cha nged a lot, and it becomes _________ b efore.

A. so beautiful as

B. as beautifully as

C. more beautiful tha n

D. much more beautiful

()2. Don ' t just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is ______________ it says.

A. as good as

B. not as good as

C. as well as

D. not as well as

6. 目的状语从句

1) 目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that (为了，以便)引导。例如：

We started early so that we could catch the first train.

He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.

We used the computer in order that we might save time.

2) so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。

区别这两种从句的办法有两个：目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might 等。

从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. （目的状语从句） Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. （结果状语从句）

7. 让步状语从句

(1) 让步状语从句通常由although, though 等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot. Although I am tired, I must go on working.

⑵although(though)不能与but用在同一个句子中。例如：

不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.

应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out. 或It was raining hard, but he still went out. [Practice]

1. _________________ You ' ll bleate you don ' t get up early tomorrow morning.

A. if

B. when

C. before

D. until

2.If he _____ on time, we will go without him

A. doesn ' t come

B. don ' t come

C. didn ' t come

3.If you ______ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _____ to work on the farm with us.

A. see ; goes

B. will see; goes

C. will see; will go

D. see; will go

8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where 来引导。例如：

Where there is a will, there is a way.

[Practice]

( )1.You should let your children play _________ you can see them.

A. where

B. when

C. in which

D. that

( )2.The school was built _________ there had once been a church.

A. where

B. when

C. in which

D. That

9. 方式状语从句

方式状语从句常由as来引导。例如:

The students do as the teachers say.

三、引导各类状语从句的连词

类别

时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句

连词

when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once where, wherever

because, since, as, for, now that

in order that, so that, etc.

结果状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句so …that, so that, such …that, that, etc.

if, unless, as(so)long as, in case that etc.

though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as, etc. as…as, so …as, than, etc.

as, as if, as though, etc.

练习

1. We bought Granny a present, _______ she didn't like it.

A. but

B. and

C. or

D. so

2. Run quickly, ______ we'll miss the early train.

A. and

B. but

C. so

D. or

3. I'll give the book to him ______ he comes back.

A. since

B. as soon as

C. before

D. until

4. Don't cross the road ______ the light turns green.

A. when

B. while

C. until

D. as

5. Miss Gao has been a teacher _______ 1990.

A. before

B. after

C. since

D. in

6. - Which would you like better, tea _______ milk? - Tea, please.

A. but

B. and

C. or

D. with

7. We love spring _______ there's beautiful flowers every where.

A. though

B. but

C. or

D. because

8. Please leave ______ 7 : 00, then you'll be able to get _______ there earlier.

A. till, in

B. from, /

C. before, /

D. behind, to

9. The teacher didn't begin the lesson ______ all the students stopped talking.

A. until

B. after

C. if

D. because

10. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ______ she was ill.

A. but

B. until

C. if

D. because

11. You must start right now, ______ y o u ' l l miss the train.

A. for

B. and

C. so

D. or

12. _______ he is a child of six, he can read and write.

A. Whose

B. If

C. Though

D. Because

13. I like fish, _______ chicken, _______ e g g s .

A. and, and

B. and, with

C. /, and

D. and, /

14. Take this dictionary with you _______ you may use it in class.

A. when

B. in order to

C. but

D. so that

15. I hope ______ wi l l be fine tomorrow.

A. it

B. what

C. whether

D. when

16. ______ she was not well, I decided to go without her.

A. Though

B. As

C. When

D. Because of

17. My aunt bought me ________ many story books that I spent a lot of time them.

A. such …on

B. such …in

C. too …in

D. so …on

18. Mother was cooking _______ she _______ a knock at the door.

A. when, listen to

B. while, listened to

C. while, heard

D. when, heard

19. Speak slowly, ______ we can understand you.

A. and

B. or

C. if

D. because

20. You'll learn English well ______ you put your heart into it.

A. if

B. so

C. until

D. or

21. I won't let you in ______ you show me your pass.

A. until

B. for

C. since

D. because

22. She didn't go to school _______ she was ill.

A. why

B. because

C. where

D. but

强化练习：

练习一：

1. ______ he 's old, he can still carry this heavy bag.

A. Though

B. Since

C. For

D. So

2. ---Do you know if he _____ to play basket ball with us?

---I think he will come if he _____ free tomorrow.

A. comes; is

B. comes; will be

C. will come; is

D. will come; will be

3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can 't swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him.

A. will fall; to help

B. falls; to help

C. will fall; help

D. falls; helping

4. I don 't remember __________ he worked in that city when he was young.

A. what

B. which

C. where

D. who

5. We will stay at home if my aunt ______ to visit us tomorrow.

A. comes

B. come

C. will come

D. is coming

6. The police asked the children ______ cross the street _______ the traffic lights turned green.

A. not; before

B. don 't; when

C. not to; until

D. not; after

7. I was late for class yesterday ______ t here was something wrong with my bike.

A. when

B. that

C. until

D. because

8. I 'll sgwoimming with you if I _______ free tomorrow.

A. will be

B. shall be

C. am

D. was

9. In the exam, the _______ you are, ____ the _______ mistakes you will make.

A. careful; little

B. more careful; fewest

C. more careful; fewer

D. more careful; less

10. You should finish your lessons ______ you go out to play.

A. before

B. after

C. when

D. while

D. unless

'd better make a mark you have any questions. D. though

all the students could hear him.

A. for

B. so that

C. because

D. in order

14. He took off his coat ______ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is ____ that we ' d like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had _____ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very

17. ____ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if

18. ____ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As

19. ____ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write to me as soon as you _____ to Beijing.

A. will get

B. get

C. getting

D. go 二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子 1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。

I am not angry with him, ______ _______ ____ jokes he _____ on me. 2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当作母亲。

Mrs. Bruce was _____ kind to her students ______ they _____ her ____ their mother. 3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。

Our parents will be pleased with our performance ____ ____ _____ we try our best. 4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？

Will you please call me _____ _____ ____ you get to Shanghai. 5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。

The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _____ ______ _____ she has kept practicing for two years.

6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。

_____ _____ ______ _____ , she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他长大后相当一名记者。

He wants to be a journalist ______ ______ _______ ______ .

8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.

9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。

_____ _____ ____ ____ _____ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.

10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。

Li Ming didn ' t come to school _________ _______ ______ _____ .

练习二： 选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。

1. Jim spends a lot of money on books ____ he is not rich.

2. Kate fell into sleep ____ she was listening to the music.

3. - I s David at school today?

--- N o. He is at home ____ he has a bad cold.

11. I hurried ____ I wouldn t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if 12. When you read the book, you A. which B. that C. where

13. The teacher raised his voice ___

4. We won't have supper ___ my mother comes back.

5. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.

6. ____ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself.

7. It is four years ____ I had left that small village.

8. ___ the air moves, it is called wind.

9. We will go to the park ____ it doesn't rain tomorrow.

10. _____ little boys did _____ much work.

11. There are few new words in the passage ____ we can't understand it.

12. Go back ___ you come from.

13. He reached the station ____ the train had left.

14. - Do you have a swimming pool?

--- No, we don't. At least, not ____ big _____ yours.

15. Give me your paper ____ you have finished it.

16. It is raining hard, ____ we have to stay at home.

17. ___ you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam.

18. Look after the children ____ I am out.

19. The village is ____ far away _____ I can't get there on foot.

20. That is _____ an interesting book ____ I can't stop reading it.

答案:

练习一：

一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C

20.B

二. 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that

6. Though she was busy

7. when he grows up

8.Whether it ' s

9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill

练习二：

1.though

2.while

3.because

4.until

5. so that

6.Even if

7.since

8.when

9.if 10.Such, do

11. b ut 12.where 13.before 14.as(so), as 15.after

16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so, that 20.such, that

11

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