科技英语视听说 北林

Lecture 1

1. dock (植)羊蹄

2. hazel 榛子

3. foxglove 毛地黄

4. bramble 悬钩子

5. earth-star 地星

6. bird-cage plant 角叶月

7. wood anemone 银莲花

8. spore 孢子

9. puffball 马勃菌10. dandelion 蒲公英

2. Why we human beings are seldom aware of the dramas happening to plants?

We and plants live on a different time scale.

3. When we condense 3 months into 20 seconds, what dramatic changes of plants can we see?

The desolation of winter quickly warms into the riot of spring.

4. Why do bird-cage plants travel to find a new place?

The desert dunes are always moving and a sheltered site can suddenly become intolerably exposed.

7. How do the seeds of dandelions fly?

A special apparatus is needed by the seeds of dandelions to fly. Each seed of the dandelion is fitted with its own individual parachute.

Lecture 2

1. canopy：['k?n?pi] 顶篷

2. fern：[f?:n] 蕨类植物,羊齿植物

3. pore：[p?:] 毛孔;气孔

4. sapling：['s?pli?] 幼树,树苗

5. chestnut['t??s,n?t] 板栗

6. sycamore：['sik?,m?:] 美国梧桐

7. larch：[lɑ:t?] 落叶松8. begonia：[bi'g?uni?] 秋海棠

9. chlorophyll：['kl?r?fil] 叶绿素10. photosynthesis：[,f?ut?u'sinθ?sis] 光合作用

11. mimicry：['mimikri] 拟态12. shrivel：['?rivl] 使枯萎

13. pebble：['pebl] 小卵石14. gravel：['gr?v?l] 砂砾,碎石

15. nectar：['nekt?] 花蜜16. caterpillar：['k?t?,pil?] 毛毛虫

17. bogus：['b?ug?s]假的18. passion flower 西番莲

19. mimosa：[mi'm?us?] 含羞草20. carnivorous plants：[kɑ:'niv?r?s] 食肉植物

4. What will happen to leaves if water lies on their surface?

It clogs up the pores. (blocks the pores)

6. Name the examples given in this episode to explain how plants use mimicry to defend themselves?

Pebble plants, Passion flowers.

7. What is the dramatic solution a sensitive mimosa possesses to defend itself?

One touch makes it fold its leaflets; another tap, and it flops to the

ground.

8. Name the carnivorous plants given in this episode?

Flytrap Pitcher plants

Lecture 3

1. walrus 海象

2. skinny very thin 瘦的皮包骨

3. jeopardize 处于危险中

4. fat reserves 脂肪的储存

5. protocol 条约

2. Why polar bears’ survival is being threatened?

By the end of the summer, they are skinny bears and their reproductive success is in danger.

3. What is the Kyoto Protocol?

All nations are required to reduce their carbon emission so that the negative impacts of climate change can be halted.

1. infrared radiation 远红外线

2. culprit 罪犯

3. vulnerable 易受伤的

4. varnish 清漆

5. lukewarm 微温的

6. pixel 像素

7. smallpox 天花8. polio 小儿麻痹

9. devastate ：to destroy completely 10. apartheid 种族隔离

1. What are the three factors causing the collision between our civilization and the earth?

①Population

②The scientific and technological revolution

③Our way of thinking

2. How to balance the economy and the environment?

Lecture 5

1. bizarre 奇异的

2. predator 食肉动物

3. gill slits 鳃裂

4. amniotic fluid 羊水

5. embryo 胚胎

6. mayhem 破坏

7. cauldron 大锅

8. haven 避风港

9. lethal 致命的10. jellyfish 水母

1. All living things have to fight to survive. Who can survive then?

Only the best suited individuals can survive .

3. What was the planet Earth like 3.8 billion years ago?

The atmosphere was thin; there was no oxygen, no protective ozone layers. But there were massive volcanic eruptions and meteor impacts.

5. There is an enormous variety of life on the planet. How did it come about?

①3 billion years ago—single-cell living things

②670 million years ago—cells pulling together

③around 570 million years ago —animals’ soft bodies turned hard.

1. alien 不同的

2. dinosaur 恐龙

3. buoyancy 浮力

4. kelp 海带

5. arthropod 节肢动物

6. armor 盔甲

7. burrow 挖洞

8. louse 虱子9. vertebrate 脊椎动物10. fin 鳍

1. What was the planet Earth like 500 million years ago?

No shade, no ozone layer to shield us from the solar radiation. Y ou could fry or freeze in the same day.

2. Where did all life begin? And why?

In the sea. Because in the sea where temperature hardly changes and where water protects against the pull of gravity and the burning sun. Lecture 6

1. sprout 开始，发芽

2. flap 扇动翅膀

3. bask 晒太阳

4. tendon 腱，筋

5. larva 幼虫

6. jackpot 意外的成功

7. swamp 沼泽8. swat 拍9. munch 用力咀嚼10. gorge 狼吞虎咽

3. What are the good reasons for life to get into the air?

Wings provide animals with extra strike power, flying is the fastest ,most efficient way to travel .It allows you to find food ,explore new territory or escape from danger.

4. What are the two explanations as to how insects sprout wings?

One explanation is that insects love to sunbathe. The other is that it may have started in water.

1. huddle 蜷缩

2. pinnacle 尖峰，顶点

3. spawn 卵

4. engulf 大口吞食

5. unleash 摆脱束缚

6. cricket 蟋蟀

7. mantis 螳螂8. orchid 兰花9. assassin 刺客

10. fang 尖牙11. raven 捕食12. fieldfare田鸫

13. lurk 潜伏14. foil 阻碍15. bluff 虚张声势

1. What is the relationship between penguins and leopard seals?

Predators and prey.

3. Why do we say that the predators and prey are locked in an intense relationship? Because when predators find better ways to catch and kill, their prey has to improve their self-defense .That is to say, neither can afford to be left behind.

5. How do fieldfares drive a hungry raven away from their chicks?

By dropping bombs.

Lecture 7

1. phobia 恐惧症

2. toddler 刚刚学走路的小孩

3. buggy 手推婴儿车

4. petrify 极度恐惧

5. python 蟒蛇

6. footage 影片的一段

7. captivity 监禁8. crumble: to break into small pieces 9. canine 犬的10. lavish 过度大方的11. trauma 创伤12. slack 松的

13. leash 拴狗的链条14. adrenaline 肾上腺素15. berate 责备

16. tax: to need a lot of effort 17. tennis elbow 肘关节炎

18. bursitis 滑囊炎19. Labrador 拉布拉多犬20. steeple: church tower

1. What is phobia?

When fear gets out of control, we call it phobia.

2. What is the percentage of people with phobias?

10%

3. Do we inherit specific phobias from our parents?

No.

Lecture 9

1. oil slick 水面上的浮油

2. biomass 生物量

3. feast 宴会

4. shoal 鱼群

5. frenzy 狂热crazy

6. gully 海水沟，小峡谷

7. trek 长途跋涉8. perilous 危险的9. phosphate 磷酸盐

10. carnage 大屠杀11. pouch 育儿袋12. Aurora australis 南极光

13. recede 撤退14. sleek 光滑的15. rookery 群栖地

16. roller coaster过山车17. droplet 一小滴18. bide 等待时机

19. Ingenious: clever 20. clearing （一块）空地

1. What consists of the caravan of hunting sardines?

Cape gannets, sharks, dolphins and whales.

2. Why do red crabs head for the shore to spawn?

Because they are unable to raise their young on land.

5. How does the Aurora australis occur?

The Aurora australis occurs when subatomic particles traveling through space enter the earth’s magnetic field.

Lecture 10

1. saliva 唾液

2. masculine 男性的

3. bloke 家伙

4. rig: install 在…装…

5. dashboard 仪表盘

6. pathetic 差劲的

7. petty 琐碎的unimportant

8. daft: silly

9.congregation 天主教10. leisure complex 休闲娱乐中心11. trivia 小事，琐事

12. to place sb. on a pedestal 仰慕13. flounder 挣扎

14. infidelity 不忠15. rove 心飘忽不定

1. What are the differences between men and women?

Men are more things oriented while women are more people oriented.

4. Why people say “love makes people blind”?

The reward system floods with feeling good chemicals, and another part of the brain used for critical thinking switches off.

Lecture 11

1. tantrum 生气，发怒

2. wreak 造成…后果

3. galaxy 星系

4. goldilocks planet 适合生物居住的星球

5. solstice 至点

6. porridge 粥

7. apparatus 一套仪器

8. strata 地层

9. prism 棱镜10. helium 氦气

1. Why all life on Earth owes its existence to the sun?

The sun powers every natural system and sustains every plant and animal. Without the sun, the earth would be a barren, lifeless ball or rock.

2. Describe the actual face of the sun

The actual face of the sun is turbulent and boiling.

1. fathom 完全明白

2. plod 慢慢走

3. wax vi.逐渐变大

4. wane vi. 逐渐变小

5. enigma 神秘

2. What is the impact of the full moon on sea creatures and on human beings?

In the ocean the full moon’s bright light is a mating call for sea creatures. Most women get their menstrual period at the day of full moon.

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