中考英语阅读理解试题和答案(word)

中考英语阅读理解试题和答案（word）

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

As far back as he could remember, Larry had wanted to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man's hopes for success were broken again and again. However, Hollywood was just everything to him. When he first came to California? Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. "Some day," he told himself, "my big chance would come."

Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurants. His pay was low, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture.

Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. "Excuse me, sir, but I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me." Instead of pushing away the boy, the director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. "Come and see me tomorrow."

Larry got a small part in the director's next film. He was on his way!

（1）It's clear that Larry's job—parking cars ________.

A. helped him make a lot of money

B. brought him the hope to be a film star

C. made him fail again and again in getting into Hollywood

D. gave him few chances to meet stars

（2）The film director asked Larry to meet him the next day because _______.

A. he needed a driver very much

B. Larry would become a star

C. some big companies would give him a job

D. Larry expressed his hope in a wise way

（3）We can learn from the story that _______.

A. the film director knew Larry's hard experience before

B. Larry managed to be a part in the new film

C. the job parking cars could bring young people everything

D. the new film was not so important for the director

（4）"He was on his Way" refers to the fact that _______.

A. he gave up and returned home

B. he began to work towards success

C. he drove the director's car to Hollywood

D. he had a long way to go to be in the film

（5）The story mainly wants to tell us _______.

A. it was hard for Larry, to find a job in a restaurant in Hollywood

B. Larry was so lucky to meet the director in the parking lot

C. why Larry could remember many things before

D. how Larry succeeded- in his new life in Hollywood

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事。

（1）推理题。根据Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurant 拉里找到了一份工作——在好莱坞的一家大餐馆停车One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture一天，他认出了一位重要的电影导演，他开车进了停车场，下了车。拉里最近听说这个人准备拍一张新照片可知，很明显拉里停车的工作是给他带来了成为电影明星的希望，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me."我想告诉你现在或者永远都不会是你想让我出现在你的下一张照片里才是公平的。许多大公司都在追我可知，电影导演让拉里第二天见他，因为拉里以明智的方式表达了他的希望，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据Larry got a small part in the director's next film可知，拉里设法在这部新电影中扮演了一个角色，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据拉里在导演的下一部电影中扮演了一个小角色可知，He was on his Way是他开始走向成功，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事可知本文讲述拉里是如何成功的——在好莱坞的新生活中，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

D

If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.

Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance.

When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she wasn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted.

She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting

experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ourselve s.

The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.

（1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that .

A. being out of work is a sad thing

B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting

C. life in a film is more exciting than real life.

D. chance never appears when we need it

（2）What troubles Allison after graduation?

A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job.

B. She had no money to start a business.

C. She was not sure what to do.

D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school.

（3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience?

A. Uncertain.

B. Amazed .

C. Sorry.

D. Satisfied.

（4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?

A. How to deal with uncertainty.

B. What role uncertainty plays in life.

C. Why people fear uncertainty.

D. Whom to go to when facing uncertainty.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】这是一篇关于人生的议论性短文。短文以艾莉森为例描写了人生的不确定性，也正是正在不确定性才让我们的生活变得更加有趣。但是短文最后并没有提出解决办法。

（1）细节理解。根据The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming.可知生活的刺激性正是因为他的不可预知性，故选B。

（2）细节理解。根据but had no idea what she wanted to do.及下文描述可知选C。

（3）细节理解。根据Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way:及本段描述可知选D。

（4）推理判断。根据you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty.及上文描述可知本段对不确定性进行了描述，但是并没有提出解决办法，故选A，如何处理不确定性。

点评：阅读中，要注意作者的观点，注意根据关键语句了解作者要表达的观点。然后带着问题，再读全文，完成阅读。

3．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B

When you're not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television? With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries.

A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices （装置）,such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.

More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants.

Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional.

However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system（系统）allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,who may secretly use or change the information in the system.

Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work.

（1）According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through .

A. electric lights

B. mirror technologies

C. mobile phones

D. shopping programs （2）The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about .

A. the steps to use smart systems

B. the prices of smart programs

C. the advantages of a smart home

D. the tools for setting up smart devices

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage?

A. Smart homes can't help feed pets nowadays.

B. Smart homes costs a lot of money at present.

C. You can't control your smart home in other countries.

D. It's hard for hackers to get information from smart homes.

（4）What's the writer's opinion according to the passage?

A. People will become less happy in the future.

B. People's life style will be different in the future.

C. Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes.

D. Smart homes are much better than other smart systems.

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者认为智能家居技术将对我们的生活和工作方式带来变革。

（1）推理判断。根据第二段allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.可知智能仪器可以通过电线，手机，无线网络等控制。electric lights电子光线；mirror technologies镜像技术；mobile phones移动电话；shopping programs购物程序。故选C。

（2）段落大意。根据第三段第一句More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. 可知越来越多的人开始考虑拥有一个智能家庭，因为它给生活带来极大的方便，结合下文可知都是在谈论智能家庭的优点。故选C。

（3）细节理解。根据They can even feed the cat and water the plants可知A错误；根据第四段 It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. 可知B正确；根据第三段When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary.可知C错误；根据第四段 it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,可知D错误。故选B。

（4）观点态度。根据最后一句话Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work. 可知智能家庭技术会改变我们生活和工作的方式。故选B。

【点评】读说明文时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。

4．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

“Who needs a shopping mall（购物中心）if you have Taobao?" says Wang Lin, 28, a writer in Beijing.

Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站）, has become an important part

of Wang Lin's life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.

A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men; Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.

It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿） yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.

Taobao means "looking for treasure" in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.

You may question the security of online shopping, Wang Lin said, "It's very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”

（1）What is Taobao?

（2）Who are the most online shoppers?

（3）Do more men shop on line than women?

（4）What can you do if you want to return the products?

（5）How much did people spend on line shopping through Taobao last year?

【答案】（1）It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）They are students or young workers.

（3）No, they don't.

（4）I/We can get my/our money back.

（5）More than 200 million yuan.

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物，不满意可以退货。

（1）细节理解。根据第二段 Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站），

has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. 可知答案是：It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）细节理解。根据第三段Most online shoppers are students or young workers.可知答案是：They are students or young workers.

（3）细节理解。根据第三段More women shop online than men;可知答案是：No, they don't.（4）细节理解。根据最后一句You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.可知答案是：I can get mymoney back.或者We can get our money back。

（5）细节理解。根据第四段It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿）yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao可知答案是：More than 200 million yuan.

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

5．阅读理解

An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories. One day, they decided to see a doctor. The doctor told them that there was nothing serious, but he suggested that they should start writing things down to help them remember things. The couple thanked the doctor and left.

Later that night while watching TV, the old man got up from his chair and his wife asked, "Where are you going?" "To the kitchen." "Will you get me an ice cream?" asked the wife. "Sure." Then his wife asked him to write it down. "No, I can remember that," replied the husband. "Well, I also want some strawberries and cream on top. You'd better write it down, or you will forget that," said the wife. "No, I can remember that," the husband got a little unhappy and went into the kitchen.

After about 20 minutes, the husband returned with a plate of fish. The wife laughed, "Haha! Your bad memory! I wanted some bread with cream."

（1）How old was the wife?

A. Eight.

B. Eighteen.

C. Eighty.

D. Eighties.

（2）Why did the couple go to the doctor?

A. Because they had a headache.

B. Because they had bad memories.

C. Because the doctor was their son.

D. Because the old man was ill.

（3）What did the husband give to the wife?

A. An ice cream.

B. Some strawberries and cream.

C. Some bread with cream.

D. Some fish.

（4）What did the wife really want？

A. Some bread with cream.

B. An ice cream with some strawberries and cream.

C. A plate of fish.

D. Some strawberries and cream.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一对老夫妇记忆力出现了问题，去看医生，医生说没有什么大碍，然他们把想做的事记下来便于他们记忆，一天骑在让丈夫拿东西，妻子让他记下来，他说他记住了，可是拿来的不是妻子想要的。

（1）细节理解题，根据An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories.可知他们已经八十了，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories.可知他们去看医生是因为他们的记忆出现了问题，故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据After about 20 minutes, the husband returned with a plate of fish.可知，丈夫给他妻子拿来的是鱼，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据Will you get me an ice cream?"I also want some strawberries and cream on top.可知吗，妻子要的是带有草莓和奶油的冰淇淋，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题比较简单，一般可以直接在文中找到答案。

6．阅读理解

Welcome to the Art Museum!

You've just stepped into one of the world's greatest collections of art, covering centuries of human creativity from around the world. With thousands of works on show, you may wonder how to start your visit, but we are here to help. On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum, It's a great choice to start if you are new to the museum.

The following pages include a clear floor plan of the museum and its collections, But because we have several buildings, the overlook（鸟瞰图） below might be helpful. Enjoy your visit and feel free to ask for help and directions at any point during your stay.

（1）The passage is a page from ________________.

A. a tour map

B. a newspaper

C. a visitor guide

D. a picture book （2）What can we see in the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum?

A. Some free paintings.

B. Some must-see works.

C. Some new collections.

D. Some museum buildings.

（3）How many parts does the overlook of the museum include?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.（4）Which part of the museum shows Chinese art?

A. The "Bridge".

B. Rice Building.

C. The Modern Wing.

D. Mckinlock Court,（5）Where can we see the special artworks?

A. On all floors of Rice Building.

B. On the second floor of Rice Building.

C. On the first floor of Michigan Avenue Building.

D. On the lower floor of Michigan Avenue Building.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍美术博物馆，介绍了它的影响力和美术博物馆的示意图。

（1）细节题。根据On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum,可知，这篇文章来自参观指南的一页，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum,可知，在在清单上可以看到一些必须看见的作品，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据示意图可知，博物馆俯瞰图包括五部分，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据THE"BRIDGE"中的Second floor：Chinese art可知，THE"BRIDGE"的第二楼含有中国艺术，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据RICE BUILDING中的Second floor:special artworks可知，RICE BUILDING 的第二楼含有特殊的艺术品，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

It's 10 am on a school day morning in Shanghai and students are standing in lines on the playground, doing their morning exercises. As a teacher at the front calls out, "Yi, er, san, si..." the students extend their arms, then bring them to their chests; bend their knees, then straighten up. Many of the students seem bored.

Meanwhile, in a primary school in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, students are dancing to pop music. Which would you rather do?

Since 1951, morning calisthenics（健身操）have been a part of Chinese life. The school in Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it looked to a group of people who seemed to really enjoy exercising damas（大妈）! These "aunties" dance on public squares each evening, often driving neighbours crazy with their loud music. But it is good exercise and they are having fun. So, why shouldn't students be allowed to follow their example?

Well, on the Internet, most posters said dancing in the primary school in Xiangyang looked funny. One poster said that calisthenics were old-fashioned and that "the organized movements leave no room for personal freedom".

Fitness is essential for young people. Too much study and too much computer time are making many young Chinese fat and unfit, so it's important that they become more active. And being active is the key, even if that means doing away with calisthenics and, instead, dancing like damas.（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us that ______________.

A. students' school life is colourful in Shanghai

B. morning exercises are helpful to students' health

C. many students feel bored about morning exercises

D. PE is important to school students

（2）The underlined word "Meanwhile" means" ______________"in Chinese.

A. 反之

B. 同时

C. 总之

D. 幸运的是（3）How long have morning calisthenics been in Chinese schools?

A. For 20 years.

B. For over 60 years.

C. Since last year.

D. Since 1951 years ago.（4）What do most people think of dancing in the primary school in Xiangyang?

A. Funny.

B. Helpful.

C. Boring.

D. Hard.

（5）What is the best title for the passage?

A. After-class activities

B. Colourful school life

C. A history of morning exercises

D. Dancing like damas

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。（1）细节题。根据Many of the students seem bored.可知许多学生对早晨已经厌倦了，故选C。

（2）推断题。根据前后句可知一所学校在做早操，而另一所学校在和着流行音乐跳舞，所以meanwhile意思是同时，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Since 1951, morning calisthenics（健身操） have been a part of Chinese life.可知自从1951年，健身操已经成为中国人生活的一部分，所以已经有60多年的历史了，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据The school in Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it looked to a group of people who seemed to really enjoy exercising damas（大妈）!可知大部分人认为跳舞是有趣的，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

Mip Mip, a playful robot, was developed by a Canadian toy maker named Wowwee. It stands 19 cm tall. You can control it simply with your gestures or a smartphone. Mip can run, balance and dance on two wheels. It can also bring a bottle of water.

Android Wear Google is developing a smart watch called Android Wear. The watch uses a touch screen and voice control. Simply say "OK, Google" to ask whatever you want to know. For example, say "OK, Google. Where's the nearest toy store?" Your watch will tell you the answer on Google Maps.

Le Pen Do you like listening to music while doing homework? If you do, you will like Le Pen. With a music player planted inside, Le Pen plays music when you write on paper. The music stops when you stop writing. So if you want to enjoy more of your favorite songs, keep on writing.

One Wheel In the near future you may find a new way to escape traffic: a self- balancing skateboard called One Wheel. It can go as fast as 19 km an hour. On a single charge, it can take you as far as 7～10 km.

A. B.

C. D.

（2）According to the passage, Android Wear can_________.

A. go as fast as 19 km an hour

B. run, balance, dance and even serve you

C. tell you how to get to some places

D. play music while you are writing on paper

（3）What's the best title for the passage?

A. Four new cool inventions

B. How to use Le Pen

C. Four useful robots

D. The smart watches

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了四项新的发明都很酷。

（1）推理题。根据Le Pen plays music when you write on paper. The music stops when you stop writing当你在纸上写字时，勒庞会演奏音乐。当你停止写作时，音乐就停止了可知，如果你想边写作边欣赏音乐，你可以选择，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Where's the nearest toy store?" Your watch will tell you the answer on Google Maps. 最近的玩具店在哪里？你的手表会在谷歌地图上告诉你答案可知，Android

Wear可以告诉你怎么去一些地方，故选C。

（3）主旨题。根据本文介绍了四项新的发明都很酷可知，标题应是Four new cool inventions，四项都很酷的新的发明，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers.

Paper is very good for keeping you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes-40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.

Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones.

The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years.（1）Only half of the world's paper is used to _________.

A. build houses

B. help the homeless people

C. make chairs, tables and beds

D. print（印刷）newspapers and books

（2）The farmers in Finland wear paper boots in winter _________.

A. to feel much cooler

B. to be cool

C. to keep their feet warm

D. to save a lot of money

（3）The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These houses are _________.

A. big and strong enough to live in for many years

B. made for children to play in or for homeless men to live in

C. made only for the rich people

D. not expensive and easy to build up

（4）After you use a paper raincoat, you may _________.

A. use it for a long time

B. sell it to others

C. lend it to others

D. throw it away

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了纸的新用途，可以用来做靴子，做帽子、做纸裙、做纸雨衣还能建造房子，这样的房子可以使用五年。

（1）细节理解题，根据Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers.可知，世界上只有一半的纸用来印刷报纸和书，故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.可知芬兰的农民穿纸靴子保暖，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years.可知纸房子不贵也很容易搭建，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones.可知纸雨衣用过之后会扔掉，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。

10．阅读理解

Big data（数据） is lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites（社交媒体网站）, companies and governments. One set of data can have people's names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.

Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need more help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he, she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.

How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.

（1）This reading is about ______.

A. what big data is and how it is used

B. what schools and hospitals people like

C. where important data is collected and stored

D. how big data is controlled by governments and companies

（2）One company uses weather information to ______.

A. help children in need

B. know when people will visit the hospital

C. find out who tides the bus or train

D. understand when people will need ice cream （3）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is ____.

A. big data can be used for good reasons

B. we can use big data in a number of ways

C. big data can be used for both good and bad reasons

D. we can use big data to stop babies from getting sick

（4）The overall tone （总基调） of this reading is _________.

A. sad and personal

B. personal and scientific

C. informative but silly

D. scientific and informative

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。

（1）主旨大意题，根据文章第一段第一句Big data （数据）is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. 和第二段第一句Big data can be used in many ways.可知，大数据是将许多信息集合在一起，以便计算机程序使用，而且大数据可以以多种方式使用。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。故选Ａ。

（２）细节理解题，根据文章第二段最后一句For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.可知，一家公司使用天气数据来查看人们什么时候吃的冰激凌最多。故选Ｄ。

（３）段落大意题，根据文章第三段第一句Big data can be used for good reasons.和第四句Big data can also be used for bad reasons.可知，大数据既可以用于良性的改善救助，也可以用于预防恶性的行为。故选C。

（4）推理判断题，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。而且文章使用了很多例子，让读者更容易理解。整篇文章具有科学性且信息丰富，具有教育意义。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、推断题、段落大意题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落大意题是通读整段，找出主题句；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Populations of white-tailed deer（白尾鹿） are growing rapidly in many parts of the United States. As populations grow, food becomes a problem. Many deer die of hunger. Others grow up

small and unhealthy. In search of food, hungry deer move closer to where humans live. They eat farm crops, vegetables and even trees. Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents.

People admire the grace and fast speed of deer. Most people don't want these animals to be hungry and ill. Should people take action to control the growing deer populations?

Should People Take Direct Action?

Many people think that hunting（打猎） is the best way to control the animal populations. Wildlife managers will see if there's enough food in an area and decide its carrying capacity（容量）. Then hunters with licenses are sent to help control the number of deer. Hunting is usually not allowed in cities or suburbs, however.

Some people have the idea to catch the deer and move them to other places. But this method

is expensive and requires finding another place that can accept the deer without breaking the balance of ecosystem（生态系统）.

Scientists are also working to develop chemicals（化学药品） to control the birth rate（率）

in deer populations. But this plan works for only one year at a time.

Should People Take Indirect Action?

Some suggest bringing in natural enemies of deer, such as wolves, lions and bears, to areas with too many deer. But these animals could also hurt dogs, cats, and even humans. Other communities have built tall fences（篱笆） around areas to keep out the deer. However, this is impossible for farmers.

▲

Some people are against any kind of action. They support leaving the deer alone. Animal populations in an area naturally go up and down over time. Doing nothing means that some deer will die of hunger or illness. But finally, the population will reach a size within the carrying capacity（容量） of the environment. So, let nature go its own way.

（1）According to the passage, increased numbers of deer can bring to people in the area.

A. water pollution

B. traffic accidents

C. serious illnesses

D. growing populations

（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the " ▲ " in the passage?

A. Should People Do Nothing?

B. Should People Protect the Deer?

C. Should People Take Special Action?

D. Should People Drive the Deer Away?

（3）The writer most probably agrees that .

A. farmers can build fences to keep the deer out

B. people should leave the deer alone in the wild

C. hunting is the best way to control the deer populations

D. it's great to catch the deer and move them to other places

（4）The writer organizes this passage by .

A. telling stories

B. using numbers

C. giving opinions

D. describing scenes （场景）

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国的白尾鹿数量激增，有人认为应该采用直接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量，而一些人认为需要使用间接的方法控制白尾鹿的数量。

（1）细节题。根据Besides, increased numbers of deer near roads can cause traffic accidents. 可知白尾鹿数量的增加可导致交通事故的发生，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据最后一段的描述可知，主要讲述反对采取措施的人的观点，根据前两部分标题的构成，本部分的标题为“人们应该不管吗”，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 So, let nature go its own way.可知，作者支持不采取让和措施的方法，故选B。

（4）推理题。作者通过例举打猎，将鹿的天敌，如狼、狮子和熊引入鹿太多的地区等例子，可知本文主要是通过列举不同的观点来组织材料的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

12．阅读理解

Many people thought a computer wasn't supposed to be able to beat a top master at the ancient Chinese game, Weiqi, for at least another 10 years. But AlphaGo, an artificially intelligent system （人工智能系统） designed by Google, made it. It easily beat Lee Sedol last year, one of the best players in the world. It challenged the world's top players to show how much progress it had made over the past few years.

In late May, 2017, AlphaGo appeared in China and played against 19-year-old Ke Jie in Wuzhen, China. He is No. 1 player now in the world. However, the result wasn't out of people's expectation. He lost the match. Though Ke Jie tried his best and he once saw the victory just a step away, he lost his best chance when he became excited.

At the press conference （新闻发布会）after the match, Ke Jie was interviewed by the reporters. He said he had realized how powerful AlphaGo was, and it was getting perfect. When a Chinese reporter asked him in English, the reporter spoke so fast that the interpreter （口译员）couldn't catch him. Ke Jie got kind of angry and told him that it was unnecessary for two Chinese to speak in English. The reporter apologized to him and offered to ask him for a coffee.

The cat and mouse game is over, but the challenge between man and robots will still go on. （1）Which was the most probable date when Ke Jie played against AlphaGo?

A. May 5.

B. May 23.

C. May 18.

D. May Day.

（2）Why did Ke jie get angry at the press conference?

A. Because he lost the game.

B. Because the reporter couldn't catch the interpreter.

C. Because the reporter asked him in English.

D. Because the reporter wasn't able to speak Chinese well.

（3）According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. People thought a computer could beat humans many years ago.

B. Ke Jie was expected to lose the match.

C. Ke Jie asked the reporter for a coffee.

D. AlphaGo had great trouble winning the game last year.

（4）AlphaGo is ______.

A. Ke Jie

B. Lee Sedol

C. a Weiqi match

D. an artificially intelligent system

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章详细地介绍了在中国选手柯洁和alphago之间的比赛，详细的说了比赛后的一些事情和人工智能取得的发展。

（1）细节题。答案定位在第二段第一句In the late of May, 2017, AlphaGo appeared in China and played against 19-year-old Ke Jie in Wuzhen，可知在2017年5月末，故选B。

（2）细节题。答案定位在第三段第二行句子When a Chinese reporter asked him in English，the reporter spoke so fast that the interpreter（口译员） couldn't catch him. Ke Jie got kind of angry. 当一位中国记者用英语问他时，记者说得太快了，翻译无法理解他，柯洁有些生气，可知因为记者用英语问他，故选C。

（3）推理题。答案定位在第二段第一行句子He is No. 1 player now in the world. However，the result wasn't out of people's expectation. He lost the matches. 他现在是世界上排名第一的选手，但是，结果不出乎人们的预料，他输了比赛，可知柯洁正如人们所预料的那样输掉了比赛，故选B。

（4）细节题。答案定位在第一段第一行句子But AlphaGo，an artificially intelligent system （人工智能系统） designed by Google，可知AlphaGo是一个人工智能系统，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

13．阅读理解

Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others Believe that success mostly Comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and Circumstances（境遇）don't Come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are Born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.

However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10, 000 hours studying and practising. To vecome great at certain things, it'll require even more time, which most people won't put in.

This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it.

When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were Born with some unusual talent, But thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge Chance that you're wrong anyway.

No matter what you do, if you want to Become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction（入迷）, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Hard work won't guarantee（保证）you the level of success you may want, But it will guarantee that you will Become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

（1）Paragraph 1 mainly talks about __________.

A. the reasons for success

B. the meaning of success

C. the standards of success

D. the importance of success

（2）The underlined word" that" refers to __________.

A. putting in more time

B. succeeding in life

C. Being good at something

D. setting a practical goal

（3）Successful people suggest doing what one loves Because __________.

A. work makes him feel pain

B. he is likely to enjoy his work

C. he gives up his work easily

D. it takes a lot of time to succeed

（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain that luck or talent leads to success.

B. To tell us that one cannot succeed without time and practice.

C. To show us that having a goal is the main reason to success.

D. To describe that successful people like to show their great skills.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。

（1）主旨题。第一段主要分析了成功的原因，有人认为是天赋、出身或者运气，但是作者并不完全认同，认为这只是生活的现实而已。故A项，成功的原因是正确。B项意为“成

功的意义”；C项意为“成功的标准”；D项意为“成功的重要性”，均与第一段不相关，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something 可知that指代setting a practical goal，设定一个实际的目标，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it. 成功人士建议做自己喜欢的事情，因为他很可能喜欢他的工作，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。可知文章的主要目的是告诉我们没有时间和实践就不会成功，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and, in fact, almost all of us carry some piece of technology with us every time we leave the house. What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others.

There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices （设备）lying around in it. Whenever I am at home, I am almost always using at least one electronic device. If you walked into my living room on any given day, you would find that, first, I have the television on. At the same time, I usually have my laptop resting on my knee, or I will be using my mobile phone. Even when I'm not at home I am always using my phone, and at work or in cafés, I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on my laptop.

I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering.

The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world. From using your language skills to do translations, to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work, there is so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries and across the world. The United Nations, in fact, has a huge page with "Volunteers Recruited" on its website.

This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff members. Many organizations only require you to work an hour a week﹣some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers can really help make a difference to those in need.

（1）From Paragraph 2, we can know that the writer .

A. is a computer engineer

【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案

【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 A Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap（代沟）. Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can't express（表达）yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree（有分歧） on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain days. Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. （1）From the passage we know_______ have a communication problem. A. parents and children of all ages B. children and other people C. parents and their school children D. teachers and their students （2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2 （3）The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means_______. A. make yourself happy B. make yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better_______. A. argue with them B. keep away from them

中考英语阅读理解测试题及答案

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