美国文学艾米莉狄金森资料
美国女诗人艾米莉*狄金森创作了大量关于自然的诗歌.她以深刻的洞察力
和创造性的天赋为我们展示了她眼中的自然:隐含宗教色彩的自然、体现先验主义的自然、富于形象和意象的自然.
美国女诗人埃米丽·迪金森的自然观与她的社会、家庭以及个人阅历有着极其密切的联系。她诗歌中所描绘的自然既反映出爱默生的超验主义思想，又不时地唱出与清教主义旋律相近的曲调。她热爱大自然，但又夹杂着疑惑和恐惧。她的复杂的心理因素构成了她的复杂的自然观。
爱默生和梭罗所奉行的超验主义自然观无法完全解释艾米莉·狄金森内心深处对"自然之谜"的疑惑,因她有意识地在诗歌创作中进行了极富独创精神的"再定义":"自然"等同于"知识",为直觉或"超灵"难以洞悉;"自然"独立于人的意志之外,它对人的基本利益漠不关心,两者之间的疏离感无法打破.因为不能体悟"自然"的本质,诗人对"自然"的敬畏感逐渐加深,也构成了她对超验主义自然观冷静的质疑.狄金森和爱默生都相信读者应该经由个人的实践去感受和解读"自然之谜",而两者之间最根本的不同在于狄金森最终确定该命题无解.
爱默生的超验主义思想为艾米莉@狄金森的的诗歌创作提供了无尽的源泉.爱默生否定上帝,肯定人的神性,强调人的直觉意识,认为它与宇宙中的超灵是一
体的.他的思想渗透在狄金森对心灵、自然、生与死以及永生的沉思冥想中.狄金森通过全身心的艺术追求和心灵与意识的探索实践着爱默生的超验主义思想.
美国诗歌史上著名的"白衣修女"艾米莉·狄金森以其作品的内容新颖、诗风自由而名垂青史,其中相当一部分描写自然的小诗清新隽永,颇具代表性.对诗人
的独特诗风进行溯源,即可发现19世纪超验主义思潮及其代表人物爱默生极大地影响了诗人的思想及作品,在形成狄金森独特诗风的诸多因素之中具有举足轻重的地位.同时发现,诗人不仅限于承接旁人思想,而是致力于创造性的开拓,取他家之长,凝聚自身精华,成功地开创了一代诗风之先河.
从狄金森的诗歌美学观和超验主义两个视角浅析这位文坛巨匠独立、独创、独特的诗歌创造艺术及勇敢地与传统的诗歌美学决裂,以无拘无束的个性、不媚
时俗的高尚品格,通过超验的内省构筑了自己独一无二的诗歌艺术形式和审美标准.
美国女诗人艾米莉·狄金森生前默默无闻,死后却被奉为现代主义先驱.本文从其诗歌形式、语言运用以及诗歌技巧等几个方面,阐述她融合传统进行创新,从而走向现代主义的创作手法.
狄金森在诗歌创作中进行了大胆的改革和创新,开创了独特的狄金森风格.因此,她常被誉为美国现代诗的开拓者.她的创作风格对现代美国诗人产生了巨大影响.
死亡是美国著名女诗人艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌中经常出现的主题,这一主题作品数量多,角度奇特,意向奇特而大胆.本文首先探寻诗人对这一主题产生浓厚
兴趣的原因,然后通过诗人的几首死亡诗来分析其死亡诗的特点.
艾米莉@狄金森在她的诗中,从各个角度研究了死亡,并表达了她的真情实感.为了使她的死亡诗更加生动,更有吸引力,她运用了多种修辞手法去达到她的目的,其中主要运用了隐喻、拟人、象征、联觉等四种修辞手法.正是她熟练掌握这些修辞手法,使她赢得美国最伟大诗人之一的称号.
艾米莉*狄金森在她的500多首死亡诗中,用"心灵之眼"对死亡主题进行了多层次、多角度的探索.本文通过最具代表性的死亡诗的分析,结合其书信,揭示出狄金森对死亡"剪不断,理还乱"的情感体验及她对永恒的追求.
<我死时听到了苍蝇的嗡嗡声>是艾米莉·狄金森的代表作之一,诗歌短小精悍,反映对于"死亡"和"永生"的思索,从而对"永生"提出异议.诗歌形式优美,内容深刻,二者巧妙结合,完美统一,充分体现了诗人的哲学观和美学观.
狄金森是对美国诗歌有重大影响的女诗人.她以独特的写作风格描写诗人们很少触及的诸如死亡这样的主题.在她的诗中,死亡就是永生.而狄金森对待死亡
的态度,缘于她的家庭背景、宗教信仰和个人经历等方面
Love, death and eternity:interpretation of Emily Dickinson's poems
艾米莉·狄金森是美国现代诗歌的先驱，其诗歌仍给当代研究者留下了许多不解之谜。分析赋予她诗歌生命力的内在联系，揭示她诗歌中爱情、痛苦、死亡与永恒的关系，并从宗教的角度揭示她生活的秘密。
死亡是文学中一个永恒的主题.古典文学中的死亡只是因不幸、灾难和阴谋等造成的生命终结,而在美国女诗人艾米莉·狄金森(Emily Dickinson)的诗作中,死亡被赋予人格,不再是一个抽象的概念.狄金森对于死亡这一神秘世界进行了深入的感性探索抑或审美观照.从某种意义上来说,她的探讨及刻画是穷尽性的.由此,狄金森成为探讨生命终极意义及灵魂永生问题的杰出代表.
The subjects of Dickinson's poems, expressed in intimate, domestic figures of speech, include love, death, and nature. The contrast between her quiet, secluded life in the house in which she was born and died and the depth and intensity of her terse poems has provoked much speculation about her personality and personal relationships. Her 1,775 poems and her letters, which survive in almost as great a number, reveal a passionate, witty woman and a scrupulous craftsman who made an art not only of her poetry but also of her correspondence and her life.
Emily Dickinson, poet of the interior life, imagined words/swords, hurling barbed syllables/piercing. Nothing about her adult appearance or habitation revealed such a militant soul. Only poems, written quietly in a room of her own, often hand-stitched in small volumes, then hidden in a drawer, revealed her true self. She did not live in time but in universals--an acute, sensitive nature reaching out boldly from
self-referral to a wider, imagined world.
Dickinson died without fame; only a few poems were published in her lifetime. Her legacy was later rescued from her desk--an astonishing body of work, much of which has since appeared in piecemeal editions, sometimes with words altered by editors or publishers according to the fashion of the day.
Now Ralph Franklin, the foremost scholar of Dickinson's manuscripts, has prepared an authoritative one-volume edition of all extant poems by Emily Dickinson--1,789 poems in all, the largest number ever assembled. This reading
edition derives from his three-volume work, The Poems of Emily Dickinson: Variorum Edition (1998), which contains approximately 2,500 sources for the poems. In this one-volume edition, Franklin offers a single reading of each
poem--usually the latest version of the entire poem--rendered with Dickinson's spelling, punctuation, and capitalization intact. The Poems of Emily Dickinson: Reading Edition is a milestone in American literary scholarship and an indispensable addition to the personal library of poetry lovers everywhere.
in full E mily Elizabeth Dickinson American poet who has been called “the New England mystic”and who experimented with poetic rhythms and rhymes. Almost all her poetry was published posthumously.
Dickinson was the second of three children. The three remained close throughout their adult lives: her younger sister, Lavinia, stayed in the family home and did not marry, and her older brother, Austin, lived in the house next door after his marriage to a friend of Emily's. Her grandfather, Samuel Fowler Dickinson, had been one of the founders of Amherst College, and her father, Edward Dickinson, served as treasurer of the college from 1835 to 1872. A lawyer who served one term (1853-55) in Congress, Edward Dickinson was an austere and somewhat remote father, but
not an unkind one. Emily's mother, too, was not close to her children.
Emily Dickinson was educated at Amherst Academy and Mount Holyoke Female Seminary. Mount Holyoke, which she attended from 1847 to 1848, insisted on religious as well as intellectual growth, and Emily was under considerable pressure to become a professing Christian.She resisted, however, and although many of her poems deal with God, she remained all her life a skeptic. Despite her doubts, she was subject to strong religious feelings, a conflict that lent tension to her writings. Dickinson began to write verse about 1850, apparently while under the spell of the poems of Ralph Waldo Emerson and Emily Bront and under the tutelage of Benjamin F. Newton, a young man studying law in her father's office. Only a handful of her poems can be dated before 1858, when she began to collect them
into small, handsewn booklets. Her letters of the 1850s reveal a vivacious, humorous, somewhat shy young woman. In 1855 Dickinson went to Washington, D.C., with her sister to visit their father, who was serving in Congress. During the trip they stopped off at Philadelphia, where she heard the preaching of the noted clergyman, the Reverend Charles Wadsworth, wh o was to become her “dearest
earthly friend.” He was something of a romantic figure: a man said to have known great sorrow, whose eloquence in the pulpit contrasted with his solitary broodings. He and Dickinson exchanged letters on spiritual matters, his Calvinist orthodoxy perhaps serving as a useful foil for her own speculative reasoning. She may also have found in his stern, rigorous beliefs a welcome corrective to the easy assumption of a benign universe made by Emerson and the other transcendentalists.
The three main themes of Emily Dickinson's poetry are love, death, and nature. Regarding love, Dickinson believed that the prismatic ("The Love of Thee--A Prism Be") quality of love enabled energy that passed through the experience of love to reveal a spectrum of possibilities. Dickinson never defined a specific lover, but concentrated on passion as a whole. Concerning nature, Dickinson generally equated nature with heaven or God. She used many Biblical allusions because she regarded nature as religious. Dickinson found manifestations of the universal in the minute details of nature such as bumblebees, eclipses, hills, and flies. She also saw nature as a friend with whom she loved to commune. Concerning death, Dickinson believed that the question of death was more important than the actual experience of death. It was a strong, cosmic force which left its victims and its survivors powerless--a question to be pondered by the living.
Dickinson most frequently wrote her poems,compressed into brief stanza forms,in a few different combinations of iambic tetrameter and trimeter lines.She also employed partial rhyme schemes,which became commom in the next
century.Dickinson's complex syntax draws a rich variety of connotations from many common words.Her imagery and metaphors derive both from an acute observation of nature and from a powerful imagination.
Dickinson most frequently wrote her poems,compressed into brief stanza forms,in a few different combinations of iambic tetrameter and trimeter lines.She also employed partial rhyme schemes,which became commom in the next century.Dickinson's
complex syntax draws a rich variety of connotations from many common words.Her imagery and metaphors derive both from an acute observation of nature and from a powerful imagination. 花儿再美，难以抗拒被攀折的命运，死亡是terrifying，也是必然的，用清醒冷静的洞悉一切的眼球冷眼看待美丽的死亡
美国女诗人埃米丽·迪金森的自然观与她的社会、家庭以及个人阅历有着极其密
切的联系。她诗歌中所描绘的自然既反映出爱默生的超验主义思想，又不时地唱
出与清教主义旋律相近的曲调。她热爱大自然，但又夹杂着疑惑和恐惧。她的复
杂的心理因素构成了她的复杂的自然观。
Class, Color, Culture, and Emily Dickinson. mily Dickinson's stylistic ambiguity, her poetics of indeterminacy,. may be seen as a rejection of political rhetoric, social and historical. actualities and the definitions of literary taste ...
美国文学选读期末考试重点
1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765） American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th) 北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱) Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical） 2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源 3、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war） American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. 早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature
美国文学期末复习资料3
Part I Identification Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false. 1.( T ) Hurstwood is a character in Theodore Dreiser's Sister Carrie. 2.( F )In 1954, T. S. Eliot was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of the a rt of modern narration.” 3.( T )Hemingway believed that a man could find meaning in life by facing his death with dignity and courage. 4.( T )Literary naturalism may be regarded as the new development of literary realism, and was sometimes called “pessimistic realism.” The naturalistic writers were philosophical pessimists. 5.( F )Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat Generation”. 6.( F )William Faulkner's woks mainly concerned the decay in economy and moral in the American North. 7.( F ) Fitzgerald's fictional world is the best embodiment of the spirit of the romantic period. 8.( T )The narrator in T he Great Gatsby is a minor character named Nick Carraway, who is also a participant in the event. 9.( T ) Hemingway's novel The Sun Also Rises pained the image of the whole generation, the lost generation. 10.( F )In Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury, he used a technique called imagism, in which the whole story was told through the thoughts of one character. Part II Multiple choice: Directions: Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1. ___________ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas. A. Ezra Pound B. Robert Frost C. T. S. Eliot D. E. E. Cummings 2. Ezra Pound's long poem____________ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected. A. The Waste Land B. The Cantos C. Don Juan D. Queen Mab 3. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____________, accomplished a revolution in literary style and language. A. Gertrude Stein B. Ezra Pound C. James Joyce D. all of the above 4. The Fitzgeralds lived so extravagantly that they frequently spent more money than F. Scoot Fitzgerald earned for parties, liquor, entertaining their friends and
《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷)答案
湖州师范学院外国语学院2008— 2009学年第二学期 《美国文学》期末考试试卷（A卷）答案暨评分标准 I. Write the names of the authors. (10%) ①Walt Whitman ②Edgar Allen Poe ③Wallace Stevens ④Franklin Norris ⑤Stephen Crane ⑥William Faulkner ⑦Sinclair Lewis ⑧John Steinbeck ⑨Langston Hughes ⑩Tennessee Williams II. Fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.（10%） ①New England ②Regionalism or Local color writing ③semi-autobiographical ④anti-realism ⑤Imagist ⑥Santiago ⑦multiple narrations or points of view ⑧1930 ⑨Harlem Renaissance ⑩Eugene O’Neill III. Choose only one answer form the four choices as the most appropriate answer. （20%） 1－5. A D C B B 6－10. D B E B A IV. Identify the author and the title of the work from which each of the following excerpts is taken. And then answer the question after each excerpt. (20%) Passage 1 the author: Walt Whitman (1%) the title of the work : Songs of Myself (1%) Question: What is the poet celebrating? (2%) The poet is celebrating individualism and nationalism, singing of all those people who form the American nationality.
美国文学艾米莉狄金森资料
美国女诗人艾米莉*狄金森创作了大量关于自然的诗歌.她以深刻的洞察力 和创造性的天赋为我们展示了她眼中的自然:隐含宗教色彩的自然、体现先验主义的自然、富于形象和意象的自然. 美国女诗人埃米丽·迪金森的自然观与她的社会、家庭以及个人阅历有着极其密切的联系。她诗歌中所描绘的自然既反映出爱默生的超验主义思想，又不时地唱出与清教主义旋律相近的曲调。她热爱大自然，但又夹杂着疑惑和恐惧。她的复杂的心理因素构成了她的复杂的自然观。 爱默生和梭罗所奉行的超验主义自然观无法完全解释艾米莉·狄金森内心深处对"自然之谜"的疑惑,因她有意识地在诗歌创作中进行了极富独创精神的"再定义":"自然"等同于"知识",为直觉或"超灵"难以洞悉;"自然"独立于人的意志之外,它对人的基本利益漠不关心,两者之间的疏离感无法打破.因为不能体悟"自然"的本质,诗人对"自然"的敬畏感逐渐加深,也构成了她对超验主义自然观冷静的质疑.狄金森和爱默生都相信读者应该经由个人的实践去感受和解读"自然之谜",而两者之间最根本的不同在于狄金森最终确定该命题无解. 爱默生的超验主义思想为艾米莉@狄金森的的诗歌创作提供了无尽的源泉.爱默生否定上帝,肯定人的神性,强调人的直觉意识,认为它与宇宙中的超灵是一 体的.他的思想渗透在狄金森对心灵、自然、生与死以及永生的沉思冥想中.狄金森通过全身心的艺术追求和心灵与意识的探索实践着爱默生的超验主义思想. 美国诗歌史上著名的"白衣修女"艾米莉·狄金森以其作品的内容新颖、诗风自由而名垂青史,其中相当一部分描写自然的小诗清新隽永,颇具代表性.对诗人 的独特诗风进行溯源,即可发现19世纪超验主义思潮及其代表人物爱默生极大地影响了诗人的思想及作品,在形成狄金森独特诗风的诸多因素之中具有举足轻重的地位.同时发现,诗人不仅限于承接旁人思想,而是致力于创造性的开拓,取他家之长,凝聚自身精华,成功地开创了一代诗风之先河. 从狄金森的诗歌美学观和超验主义两个视角浅析这位文坛巨匠独立、独创、独特的诗歌创造艺术及勇敢地与传统的诗歌美学决裂,以无拘无束的个性、不媚
英语文学文化及影视赏析
《英语文学文化及影视赏析》课程教学大纲 一、课程说明 1、课程名称（中英文）：英语文学文化及影视赏析/English Literature and Culture & Appreciation of English movies 2、学时学分：75学时理论教学，2学分 3、适用专业：非英语专业研究生 4、开课学院：外国语学院 5、课程负责人：姜萌萌 二、课程描述： 本课程拟对英语经典文学与相关文化概况进行简要介绍，并遴选英美国家的经典作家和作品，对其文学特色、文化背景进行分析。课程重视文学作品与时代背景、西方历史文化的联系，在教学中将理论与实践相结合，做到寓教于乐。在课内，不仅有作家作品、相关文化背景和信息的介绍、经典作品片段的解读，并通过课堂讨论以及影视作品的欣赏帮助学生最直观地理解西方文化与文学作品的文本意义。在课外，学生需要查阅相关资料，完成相关问题的回答与读书报告，以一种轻松愉悦并且多方面切入的方式学习、了解和体验英语文学文化。该课程目的在于通过英语文学文化的学习，提高学生对英语语言的掌握能力、增强对英语文学经典的理解力和对西方文化的审美能力，进一步养成对英语的敏感性，培养人文素质和文学涵养。 三、教材： 王守仁主编，《英国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 陶洁主编，《美国文学选读》，北京：高等教育出版社。 秦秀白，《英美国家概况》，北京：高等教育出版社。 王佐良，《欧洲文化入门》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社。 自编讲义 四、教学方式： 理论与实践相结合。 五、考核方式： 提交一篇与所学课程相关的课程论文，用英语完成。 总成绩=期末考试成绩70%+平时成绩30%（考勤占10%）
美国文学期末考试复习必备(精)
美国文学期末考试复习必备（精） 1. What’s Puritanism? A religious and political movement which appeals to the right of the individual to political & religious independence. It includes three parts: a code of values, a point of view & a philosophy of life 2. What are the basic Puritan beliefs? 1). Total Depravity 2). Unconditional Election 3). Limited Atonement 4). Irresistible Grace 5). Perseverance of the "saints" 3. What are American Puritan values? Sobriety thrift, Self-reliance Diligence, Struggle, simple tastes 4. What are the features of American literature in the Colonial Period? A. Humble origins: diaries, journals, histories, letters. Its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period. B. in content: serving either god or colonial expansion or both C. in form: imitating English literary traditions. D. in style: tight and logic structure, precise and compact expression, avoidance of rhetorical decoration, adoption of homely imagery and simplicity of diction. E. Symbolism formed in this period ------To the pious Puritan, the physical, phenomenal world was nothing but a symbol of God. F. Simple, fresh and direct style
大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题
大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题： 1.选择/对错60分（40道选择，20个对错） 2.名词解释10分（5个） 3.选段配对10分（5个） 4.问答20分（10/2） 1．历史：Father / poetess… 2. 名作家：Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson 3．作品：The W asteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter 1.a)选择题（40个，40分） 1. At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 2. Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin? ________ A. He was born in a poor family. B. He was a pious puritan. C. He was phrased as “Jack of all trades”. D. He was a master of diplomacy. 3. Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT ________. A. Lost Generation B. Iceberg theory C. American Dream D. Code Heroes 4. Which character is NOT from The Scarlet Letter? ________ A. Hester Prynne B. Roger Chillingworth C. Captain Ahab D. Pearl 5. Jack London’s semi-biographical novel ________well presents the disillusionment of American Dream. A. The American Tragedy B. The Call of the Wild C. Martin Eden D. The Grapes of Wrath b)判断对错题（20个，20分） 1. Poe’s masterpiece “To Helen” is written to memorize his deceased wife. (F) 2. The tone of “Annabel Lee” is optimistic and hopeful. (F) 3. Mark Twain's novel Jumping Frog was an artistic failure, but it gave its name to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize. (F) 4. Sister Carrie ended up in tragedy because she could not control her fate. (F)
(完整版)美国文学史-知识点梳理
Part I The Literature of Colonial America I．Historical Introduction The colonial period stretched roughly from the settlement of America in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th. The first permanent settlement in America was established by English in 1607. ( A group of people was sent by the English King James I to hunt for gold. They arrived at Virginia in 1607. They named the James River and build the James town.) II．The pre-revolutionary writing in the colonies was essentially of two kinds: 1) Practical matter-of-fact accounts of farming, hunting, travel, etc. designed to inform people "at home" what life was like in the new world, and, often, to induce their immigration 2) Highly theoretical, generally polemical, discussions of religious questions. III．The First American Writer The first writings that we call American were the narratives and journals of these settlements. They wrote about their voyage to the new land, their lives in the new land, their dealings with Indians. Captain John Smith is the first American writer. A True Relation of such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony (1608) A Map of Virginia: A Description of the Country (1612) General History of Virgini a (1624): the Indian princess Pocahontas Captain John Smith was one of the first early 17th-century British settlers in North America. He was one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown, Virginia. His writings about North America became the source of information about the New World for later settlers. One of the things he wrote about that has become an American legend was his capture by the Indians and his rescue by the famous Indian Princess, Pocahontas. IV．Early New England Literature William Bradford and John Winthrop John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor V．Puritan Thoughts 1. The origin of puritan In the mediaeval Europe, there was widespread religious revolution. In the 16th Century, the English King Henry VIII (At that time, the Catholics were not allowed to divorce unless they have the Pope's permission. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife because she couldn't bear him a son. But the Pope didn't allow him to divorce, so he) broke away from the Roman Catholic Church & established the Church of
(完整word版)《美国文学选读》课程标准
《美国文学选读》课程标准 一、课程性质与任务 美国文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课。它与英美文学史密切结合，使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时，可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理，并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯，开阔视野，在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。美国文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景，培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣，增强语感，增进学生对美国社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解，提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。 二、课程教学目标 1．知识目标 1）文学知识：通过本课程的学习，学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的美国文学作品，把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点；另外，还应对美国的文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。 2）语言知识：本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品，深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析，以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展。 2．能力目标 1）文学作品鉴赏能力：通过作者作品的讲解，学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价，培养并提高自我的鉴赏能力； 2）语言表达能力：通过课堂和课下阅读及评价任务的完成，学生的口头和书面表达能力能够得到全面的提高； 3）思辩能力：课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力，助其开拓思路，同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。 3．素质目标 1）文学文化修养：本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课，旨在培养学生对美国文学及文化的理解，可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化，并形成独立的开放的文化观，进一步强化其跨文化意识； 2）基本的研究素质：本课程通过对文学评论的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角，可使其具备基本的文学研究素质； 3）文学翻译的基础：本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素，可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料，并做好前期准备。 三、课程基本信息和内容要求
美国文学期末复习
作家作品 Naturalism 1、Stephen Crane斯蒂芬·克莱恩1871-1900 战争小说之父 Maggie: A Girl of the Streets《街头女郎麦琪》（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）, a pioneering work of sociological naturalism；关于南北战争的The Red Badge of Courage《红色英勇勋章》，奠定了他在美国文坛上不可动摇的地位；优秀短篇小说集The Open Boat《海上扁舟》和blue hotel 《蓝色旅馆》; wounds in the rain 《雨中的伤痕》The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky《新娘来到黄天镇》 2、Theodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞1871-1945美国文学史上最杰出的现实主义小说家，一位以探索充满磨难的现实生活着称的美国自然主义作家. Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》，真实再现了当时美国社会;Jennie Gerhardt《珍妮姑娘》，被称为《嘉莉妹妹》的姐妹篇;Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲（Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic斯多噶）;An American Tragedy《美国悲剧》是德莱赛成就最高的作品，是人们清晰地看到了美国社会的真实情况，“至今依然具有巨大的现实意义” 在《美国悲剧》中，Dreiser intended to tell us that it is the social pressure that makes Clyde's downfall inevitable. Clyde's tragedy is a tragedy that depends upon the American social system which encouraged people to pursue the "dream of success" at all costs. 1、Naturalism emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances. 2. The effect of Darwinist idea of "survival of the fittest" was shattering. It is not surprising to find in Dreiser's fiction a world of jungle, where “kill or to be killed” was the law. Dreiser's Writing Features: ?As a naturalist writer, Dreiser stressed determinism in his novels which deals with everyday life, often with its sordid side. ?As a naturalist, he developed the capacity for photographic and relentless (无情的) observation, thereby truthfully reflecting the society and people of his time. ?His narrative method is natural and free from artifice. Modern Poetry 3、Robert Frost罗伯特·弗罗斯特1874-1963 20世纪最受欢迎的美国诗人, 美国文学中的桂冠诗人田园诗；自然诗?He used symbols from everyday country life to express his deep ideas. His graceful and traditional poetic style is highly appreciated in the country. A Boy's Will少年心愿and North of Boston波士顿之北were published and highly acclaimed in England. Mending Wall修墙,After Apple-picking摘苹果之 后;Mountain Interval山间The Road Not taken没有选择的道路;
美国文学史及选读期末复习题
1.C aptain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.T he puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.T homas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”.
5.T homas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. 7.I n Washington Irving’s appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.
8.C ooper’s enduring fame rests on his frontier stories, especially the five novels that comprise the is perhaps the peak of William Cullen Bryant’s wok. “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories”.
美国文学重点名词解释
学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考 1. 2. 6.Transcendentalism: is literature，philosophical and literary movement that flourished in New England from about 1836 to1860. It originated among a small group of intellectuals who were reaching against the orthodoxy of Calvinism and the rationalism of the Unitarian Church, their own faith centering on the divinity of humanity and the natural world instead. Transcendentalism derived some of its basic idealistic concepts from romantic German philosophy, and from such English authors as Carlyle，Coleridge, and Wordsworth. The ideas of transcendentalism were most eloquently expressed by Ralph Waldo Emerson in such essays as Nature and Self-Reliance and by Henry David Thoreau in his book Walden. .Symbolism象征主义：It is the writing technique of using symbols. It's a literary movement that arose in France in the last half of the 19th century and that greatly influenced many English writer, particularly poets, of the 20th century. It enables poets to compress a very complex idea or set of ideas into one image or even one word. It's one of the most powerful devices that poets employ in creation. 8.American naturalism：this term was created by Emile Zola. Charles Darwin's evolutionary theory played an important role in naturalism. In the works off naturalism，characters were conceived as complex combinations of inherited attributes and habits conditioned by social and economic forces. At th century，the end of the 19this pessimistic form of realism appeared in america. Naturalism attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness. Characters in the works of naturalism were dominated by their environment and heredity. Naturalism emphasized：the world was around；men had no free will；religious“truth”were illusory；the destiny of human beings was misery in life and oblivion in death. The dominant figures in naturalism were Stephen crane，Frank Norris, Jack London and Theodore Dreiser. 3.The lost generation: included the young English and American expatriates as well
艾米莉·狄金森如果我不曾见过太阳
艾米莉·狄金森:如果我不曾见过太阳如果我不曾见过太阳 我本可以忍受黑暗 如果我不曾见过太阳 然而阳光已使我的荒凉 成为更新的荒凉 （江枫/译） 我从未见过荒原 我从未见过沼泽， 我从未见过大海； 却知道荒野是什么， 知道波浪的模样。 我从未和上帝交谈过， 也没有访问过天堂； 但我能确定那位置 仿佛有地图在手上。 （马永波/译） 没有一艘船能像一本书 没有一艘船能像一本书 将我们送往异乡， 也没有一匹骏马 能像诗一样驰骋远方。 最穷的人也能做如斯遨游， 不用受关税的威逼；
运载人类灵魂的车辆 收费是何等便宜！ （张芸/译） 请允许我，是你的夏季 请允许我，是你的夏季， 当夏天的日子已经飞离！ 你的音乐依然，当北国的夜莺 和黄鹂——已悄无声息！ 我将跳出坟墓为你绽放， 我的花丛将围绕你排列成行！ 请采集我—— 银莲—— 你的花朵——直到永远！ （张祈/译） 艾米莉·狄金森（又称狄更生）（Emily Dickinson，1830~1886）美国传奇诗人。出生于律师家庭。青少年时代生活单调而平静受正规宗教教育。从二十五岁开始弃绝社交女尼似的闭门不出，在孤独中埋头写诗三十年，留下诗稿一千七百余首；生前只是发表过七首，其余的都是她死后才出版，并被世人所知名气极大。 尽管因其独特的个人禀赋，狄金森一生的经历中充满了令人难解的谜团，不过，联系女诗人所处的时代及生活环境，认真研究她与亲友间的书信往还等材料，我们仍能从狄金森的创作中寻绎出一些破解其孤寂、幽邃的心灵的线索。 艾米莉·狄金森之谜 王媛媛 艾米莉·狄金森（Emily Dickinson, 1830－1886），这位如今已名满天下的美国女诗人，除早年随家人至费城和华盛顿作过短暂的旅行外，一生大部分时间在马萨诸塞州仅四五百户人家的小镇阿默斯特度过。在小镇居民的眼中，这个落落寡合、离群索居的女子喜穿一袭白色长裙，常年过着足不出户的生活，不喜与访客接谈，晚年甚至终日埋首于自己所喜好的书籍中，连楼都懒得下了。
- Emily Dickinson艾米莉·狄金森-美国文学
- Emily Dickinson艾米莉·狄金森-美国文学
- Emily Dickinson艾米莉·狄金森-美国文学
- 艾米莉·狄金森 的人生简介及其作品
- 艾米莉·伊丽莎白·狄金森生平简介及其作品赏析
- 艾米莉.狄金森简介与课本诗作汉译
- 艾米莉·狄金森诗歌自然意象及其涵义
- 艾米莉·狄金森——意象主义诗歌的先驱
- 艾米莉.狄金森简介与课本诗作汉译 (1)
- 美国文学艾米莉狄金森资料
- 艾米莉·狄金森(Emily Dickinson)译诗20首(中英文)
- Emily Dickinson艾米莉·狄金森 美国文学 课堂
- 艾米莉·狄金森如果我不曾见过太阳
- 艾米莉·伊丽莎白·狄金森生平简介与其作品赏析
- 艾米莉狄金森Itastealiquorneverbrewed英文版简介分析
- 艾米莉狄金森I taste a liquor never brewed英文版简介
- 艾米莉·狄金森诗歌收集