初三中考英语阅读理解专题之细节题讲义教案(含练习答案)

学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：

学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：

授课类型

T C 阅读理解细节题 T 教学目标

使学生了解阅读理解细节题的考察方式和解题技巧 星级

★★★ 授课日期及时段

教学内容

（建议5分钟）

细节决定成败，让我们先从攻克细节题开始吧！

批注：通过两幅小漫画向学生展示重视细节的重要性，其实这也是中考阅读中学生特别需要注意的地方，因为不细心导致的题目失分是最不该的。培养细心的第一步就从阅读理解细节题目开始吧！只要有耐心，细节题基本全部可以做对。

（建议20分钟）

让我们像杰克船长一样乘风破浪去寻宝吧！！！

C-专题 细 节 决 定 成 败

一、阅读理解细节题

细节题就是指那些针对文章细节描写或与文章情节发展相关的事实所设置的问题。这类题主要测试考生获取信息及对文章所提供信息的理解能力。阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。

二、阅读理解细节题设题方式

此类题型多数以特殊疑问词设问，设问的检测点针对某一具体行为、地点、时间、原因、方式、数量等。细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。

此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：

1.True or NOT true 是非判断类

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which of the following is NOT considered as ……？

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ……？

Which of the following statements is right?

2. 特殊疑问词提问类

How many ……？

What/who/when/where/how/why ……？

3. 表唯一细节概念题类型

……the most / ~est

……the only ……

4. 排序题类型

Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?

Choose the right order of this passage.

5. 例证题类型

The author gives the example in ……paragraph in order to ……

6. From this passage we know ________.

三、阅读理解细节题技巧点拨

仔细阅读文章后的问题，根据问题中的关键词或词组，以此作为线索，返回文章查找相关的句子，用相关的这个句子对照选项，意思一致的就是答案。

1. 题干定位法

细节题通常考查考生对于某些重要信息进行迅速、准确地寻找的能力。提问常常用特殊疑问词what, when, where, who, whose, how, why等引出。做这样的题，可以采用“题干定位法”，即先弄清楚题干问什么，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，然后通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处（信息源），仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。带着问题去读文章，目的明确，容易抓住文中与问题相关的信息点。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。

例题精讲

例文1：

It’s 2021. You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what you’re thinking these days. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practise daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness. （2011年长宁区二模第一段）

1. According to the passage, when you leave the hospital, the doctor gives you some medicine and _______ as well.

A. checks your fever

B. looks at your throat

C. tells you the reasons of your illness

D. advises you to practise thinking skills

批注：首先进行题干定位，发现出现在第一段，让后可以在文中找寻需要信息，可以确定答案是D。本题的A、

B、C是干扰性，原文都有涉及，但却和题干的“when you leave the hospital”不符合。此外，本题的as well(也)

和原文的but also(而且)属于同义替换，也是解答本题的一条线索。

例文2：

When you feel stress, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素). Adrenaline speeds up your breathing and your heart beat. （2011年长宁区二模第四段）

2. A chemical called adrenaline can speed up ________.

A. your breathing and heart beat

B. your blood running

C. your brain thinking

D. your body relaxing

批注：首先定位本题主干在原文的位置，然后把选项和原文信息进行比较，答案是A。

练习

Take Action for a Better World: Volunteers Needed

Six months’ preparati on in Denmark: Africa studies, team work combined with social work with risk group teenagers.

Six months’ community work in Malawi in People to People Projects: Child Aid, HIV / AIDS. Fights and Teacher Training.

3. If Mrs Black in the U.S. hopes to learn some Chinese at home, she may contact _______.

A. takeaction@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3010693291.html,

B. ram3462@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3010693291.html,

C. club3864@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3010693291.html,

D. staff@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3010693291.html,

批注：选B。根据题干中的关键题hopes to learn some Chinese at home可知，此题答案一定在第三个表格中，故答案选B。

2. 跳读捕捉信息法

针对这样的题目，同学们只要运用Skimming（略读）的方法，先整体上阅读文章，然后从原文中找到相关语句进行理解分析，就可以确定答案。要注意的是，不要孤立地理解单个句子，而要结合上下文语境来理解。

例题精讲

例文1：

Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his life. He always told me, "You should have goals like climbing the mountain." Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed, we couldn't have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy. I really got a lot from mountain-climbing. It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience (耐力).

Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers, trees, and the birds' singing, but as time passed, I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to quit climbing. In fact, I hated it at that moment, but my father said to me, "You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can't see it before you reach the top. Only there at the top, can you see all of the nice things, just like in life."

At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later after that, I got new hope and confidence . I found myself standing at the top of the sky, which was as clear as crystal (水晶).

1. The writer ___________as he was climbing the mountain. Which answer is not right?

A. was in deep thought

B. enjoyed the flowers, trees and the birds' singing

C. developed his patience

D. made a plan for himself

批注：本题是一道典型的是非判断细节题。是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。我们只需把四个选项和原文描述进行对比，和原文信息不符的选项就是本题的答案。A.

选项和原文“During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers, trees, and the birds' singing”同义，B.、C.选项和原文“It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience (耐力).”同义。因此本题答案是D.。

2. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The writer had a lot of conversations with his father as he was climbing the mountain.

B. The writer had enough time to spend together with his father as he was climbing the mountain.

C. It was easy for the writer to climb to the top of the mountain at the age of ten.

D. The writer used to climb the mountain with his father near his house.

批注：本题也是一道是非判断题，老师需要引导学生把四个选项带到原文中进行对比，不符合原文信息的选项即为答案。同时，老师需要提醒学生，如果发现其中一个选项特别明显地不符合原文意思，直接可以确定答

案，比如这题C.选项和原文“It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old.”意思是相反的，因此本题答案是C.。

例文2：

What can you do about stress? First, you can try to find wa ys to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can make a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful. （2011年长宁二模最后一段）

3. Which of the following can NOT reduce stress according to the passage?

A. Making a plan about your homework.

B. Asking a psychologist for help.

C. Going to your family or friends for help.

D. Eating some sweet food.

批注：本题是一道细节是非判断题。看到题干中划线部分我们快速浏览全文，可以知道答案出现在最后一段。把选项带入段落进行验证，发现D在文中是没有涉及的，所以答案是D。

练习

The children don’t just plan any city. They map and analyze(分析) the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect(建筑师)who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creatio ns. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed th is pr ogram. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there a re no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the progr am, an elected ‘official’ and‘planning group’ make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”

1. An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom ______.

A. to find out kids’ creative ideas

B. to discuss with the teacher

C. to give children lectures

D. to help kids with their program

批注：选D。根据第2段中的With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they inve nt new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations 可知答案为D。句中的aid 意为“帮助”，与help同义。

2. Who is the designer of the program?

A. An official.

B. An architect.

C. A teacher.

D. A scientist.

批注：选C。根据第2段中的…the teacher who developed this program 可知答案选C。develop与design 在此大致同义。

3. 首尾定位法

这种试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。同学们在做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先判断第一个找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。

例题精讲

例文：

Fat and shy, Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football, tennis, cric ket—anything with a round b all, I was useless,” he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the one alw ays made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire, England.

It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set up his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. At the age of 18, he ran his first marathon.

The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of adventure in Scotland, where he learnt about Ridgway’s cold-water exploits. Greatly interested, Saunders read all he coul d about North Pole explorers and adventures, the decided that this would be his future.

In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition towards the Nort h Pole. It took unbelievable energy. He suffered frostbite, ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the lim it, pulling his supply-loaded sled up and over rocky rice.

Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and he’s skied more of th e North Pole by himself than any other British man. His old playmates would not believe the change.

Next October, Saunders, 27, heads south from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, a 2900-kilometer journey that has never been completed on skis.

1. Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Saunders?

a. He ran his first marathon.

b. He skied alone in the North Pole.

c. He rode his bike in a forest.

d. He planned an adventure to the South Pol

e.

A. a-c-d-b

B. c-d-a-b

C. a-c-b-d

D. c-a-b-d

批注：题目要求我们按事件发生时间来进行排序。根据首尾定位法，第一步是c. He rode his bike in a forest，最后一步是d. He planned an adventure to the South Pole，故答案选D。

（建议10分钟）

Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）

A

In the 1500s, South American fishermen said that the sea became warmer every few years. They gave this special event a Spanish name 'El Nino', meaning 'the baby'. It is called 'the baby' because it arrives around Christmas.

El Nino is a huge area of warm water in the middle of cold water in the Pacific Ocean. It happens every two to seven years. It moves around the ocean and becomes bigger and smaller at different times. This warm water affects the weather.

to India, in the 17th century, coffee was soon grown in a new continent. From India to Indonesia, a century later the beans were once again smuggled to Brazil. Brazil is now the largest coffee producer in the world.

It was the caffeine (咖啡因) that made the goats dance and kept the monks awake. Although it is found in other soft drinks and tea, coffee has the most caffeine. In the shot term, a couple of cups of coffee can prevent fatigue and delay sleep. But several cups a day, every day, can cause anxiety and restlessness.

( ) 1. Who found the coffee berries first?

A. Farmer

B. A scientist

C. An Ethiopian goatherd

D. A doctor

( ) 2. What is the world’s biggest traded commodity?

A. Oil

B. Coffee

C. Tea

D. Milk

( ) 3. Why did the goatherd want to dance?

A. Because he liked to dance with his goats.

B. Because he found his goats behaving strangely.

C. Because he ate some red “cherries” from a plant.

D. Because he wanted to practice dancing.

( ) 4. Which of the following events came first?

A. Coffee houses appeared in Mecca.

B. Coffee became a drink.

C. Coffee spread as Islam spread.

D. Coffee was grown in a new continent.

( ) 5. Which sentence is true?

A. Monks were the first to drink coffee.

B. Too much coffee can make people anxious.

C. Brazilians liked drinking coffee the most.

D. Oil is the second biggest traded commodity.

( ) 6. Around the world more people drink coffee than tea because ____________.

A. coffee berries can be eaten

B. coffee has the most caffeine

C. coffee can prevent fatigue and delay sleep

D. coffee can cause anxiety and restlessness.

( ) 7. ___________ is now the largest coffee producer in the world.

A. India

B. Indonesia

C. Arabia

D. Brazil

Keys: C A C B B C D

score:____________ （每题2分，共7题，14分）

（建议5分钟）

放电影回顾式学习法

批注：第一步采用放电影学习法，让学生自己回忆在本模块学到了哪些知识点；如果学生没有思路，这个时候老师可以引导学生将本次课的知识点以思维导图的形式展现出来，帮助学生养成梳理知识点的学习习惯。最后一步是错题再次回顾总结，带着学生总结“斩妖除魔”环节出现错误的原因及下次如何避免。

人教版九年级英语中考模拟试题

2016年云南省初中学业水平模拟考试 英语试题卷（2015年听力） (全卷四个部分，共8页；满分120分，考试用时120分钟) 第一部分听力（共四节，满分30分） 第一节听句子，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与所听句子内容相关的图画。每个句子听两遍。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C.

第二节听句子，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出与所听句子内容相符的正确答语。每个句子听两遍。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 6. A. That’s right. B. It’s a pleasure. C. The same to you. 7. A. Sure, go ahead. B. Oh, I know. C. Sorry, I can’t. 8. A. I played soccer. B. I like basketball. C. It was great. 9. A. You’re welcome. B. Thank you all the same. C. I t’s very kind of you. 10. A. Well done. B. Have a good time. C. Best wishes. 第三节听对话，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能回答问题的正确选项。每段对话听两遍。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 听第一段对话，回答第11、12小题。 11. Where did Jim go yesterday? A. To a zoo. B. To a farm. C. To a village. 12. What did Jim do there? A. He fed chickens. B. He milked a cow. C. He rode a horse. 听第二段对话，回答第13～15小题。 13. What exercise does Alice do? A. Dancing. B. Playing badminton. C. Singing. 14. Why does the man become a little fat? A. Because he does little exercise. B. Because he eats too much. C. Because he doesn’t think exercise is important. 15. What time will they meet in the afternoon? A. At 4:00. B. At 4:30. C. At 5:00. 第四节听短文，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能完成下列信息表格的正确选项。短文听两遍。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 16. A. On March 16th B. On April 16th C. On May 16th 17. A. playing basketball B. having picnics C. picking fruits 18. A. Football games B. V olleyball games C. Basketball games 19. A. pictures B. food C. games 20. A. A sports meeting B. A school meeting C. A school day

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

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高考阅读理解之细节理解题 姓名：______________ 班级：____________________ 提醒语： 1．确定题干，到原文快速搜索相关信息，对信息进行处理！ 2．忌主观臆断！ 3．细节题是高考考查的重点，占阅读的50%，应重视。 【考例分析1】For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do? （2010·湖北卷·B篇） Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict? A. Both can continue for generations B. Both are about where to draw the line C. Neither has any clear winner D. Neither can be put to an end 【考例分析2】The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. （2010·湖南卷·C） What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers? faces. 【考例分析3】Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of “Do not do to others what you would not want others to you. ”He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did. Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes. （2010·江西卷·C）Socrates shared with Confucius the idea that . A. all men were equal when they were born B. the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class C. the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom D. people should not ask others to do what they did not want to 【考例分析4】Since Beijing's first ski resort was opened ten years ago, the sport has enjoyed astonishing increase. There are now more than a dozen resorts. Clothes markets in the city have added bright colored ski suits to their winter collections. Mr. Wei, a manager of a newly-opened ski resort in Beijing, sees the growth of an industry that could soon lead Chinese to head for the ski resorts of Europe. In recent years ski resorts offering natural snow have opened in China. But many are in faraway areas of the country and can't really match the equipment and services of some ski resorts in Europe. （2010·全国卷II·C） Why are some Chinese likely to go skiing in Europe? A. To visit more ski areas. B. To ski on natural snow. C. For a large collection of ski suits. D. For better services and equipment. 【考例分析5】He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones.

(完整)初三英语中考专题复习：时态和语态

初三英语中考专题复习：时态和语态 ( ) 1. Don’t make so much noise. We _______ to the music. A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have listened ( ) 2. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks. A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent ( ) 3. –When will you tell him the good news? --I will tell him about it as soon as he _______ back. A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming ( ) 4. –Dad, please open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m coming. A. locks B. locked C. is locked D. was locked ( ) 5. –Did you go to Jim’s birthday party? --No, I _______. A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite ( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school hall next week. A. be given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give ( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______. A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done ( ) 8. –What do you think of the football match yesterday? --Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _______. A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed ( ) 9. –Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday? --If I don’t go, _______. A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will he D. neither does he ( ) 10. The trees must _______ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters ( ) 11. –Did you see Tom at the party? -- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left ( ) 12. –Why not go to see the dolphin show with me? --Because I ______ it. A. saw B. will see C. see D. have seen ( ) 13. –Do you like watching cooking programs on TV? --No, I don’t, but my twin brother _______. He’s very fond of cooking. A. does B. do C. is D. are ( ) 14. Catherin _______ the letter before her mother came into her bedroom. A. has written B. was written C. had written D. is writing ( ) 15. The old man is quite weak after the accident, so he _______. A. must take care of B. must be take care of C. must look after D. must be looked after ( ) 16. The ticket is on the floor. Would you please _______ for me? A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up ( ) 17. He _______ living in the country to the city.