九年级英语阅读理解专题

九年级英语阅读理解专题

一、中考对阅读理解的要求阅读理解水平的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要内容。中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合使用所学语言知识的水平，包括阅读水平、理解水平、归纳概括水平、逻辑推理水平以及对材料的评估水平等。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能作出准确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A，B，C，D 四个选项中选出最佳答案或回答出所提问题等等。要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50 个词。

二、中考阅读理解的选材试题中所选的阅读文章题材多样化，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地

理、

科学技术等各个方面。 (这要求学生平时对各方面的知识都有所积累，做个有心人)体裁多样化，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格(要求学生能看懂这类阅读材料尤其是时下出题的趋势)等各种文体。它要求考生阅读理解准确率高、阅读速度快。

阅读理解的阅读材料的选择一般遵循三个原则：

1. 阅读文章很多于三篇，阅读量在1，000 个单词左右；

2. 题材广泛，包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等；

3. 体裁多样，包括记叙文，说明文，应用文等；

三、中考阅读理解考查的主要内容及解题的方法和技巧 (一)考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的水平。

这类试题要求对文章的整体或局部(如段落)实行分析、概括，归纳相关部分的中心大

意( main idea )，选择标题( title )，判断作者的写作目的( purpose )等，旨在考查考生加工与浓缩信息的水平。

1、题干表现形式：

(1) Which is the best title of the passage?

(2) Which of the following is this passage about?

(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that ____ .

(4) The passage tells us that ___ .

(5) This passage mainly talks about _____ .

2、如何获取段落的主旨和大意？最有效的办法是找出主题句(Topic sentence) 。一篇文章(或一段文章)通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的。而这个中心意思往往由一个句子来概括。这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句。所以，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句。在一篇短文或一个段落中，绝大部分主题句的情况有四种：

(1)主题句在段首或篇首。主题句在段首或篇首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述，后分述的叙事方法。

(2)主题句在段末或篇末。用归纳法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于段末或篇末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结，归纳或结论。

例如：阅读材料：

If you buy somewell-made clothes, you can save money because they can last longer.

They look good even after they have been washed many times. Sometimes some clothes

cost more money, but it does not mean that they are always better made, or they always fit better. In other words, some less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expe nsive clothes.

（3）主题句在短文中间

通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出

，而后 又作进一步的解释，支撑或发展。

例如： For adults a cold is not that serious. However, this is not the case for children. Cold symptoms in childre n may be sighs of more serious diseases and should be give n prompt medical atte nti on.

（4 ）无主题句

有时一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句。这时我们应该怎样来确定文章的主题或中心意思 呢？其实这也不难。我们能够首先找出每一段的中心意思，各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一 个中心来展开的，或者说是来说明一个问题的。这个中心或这个问题就是这篇文章的主题或 中心意思。

（二）考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的水平。

在阅读的时候，常常会遇到一些生词，影响我们的阅读速度，其实绝大部分生词的意思 都能够通过上下文的关系猜出来，此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的 词或短语的准确含义。

1、题干表现形式:

(1) The word "… ” in the passage probably means ____________ .

(2) The underlined word “ It ” in the passage refers to ______ .

(3) In this story the underlined word

"… ” means ________ (4) Here “ it ” means ________ .

2、如何根据上下文猜测词义？

猜测词义也是一种英语阅读水平。英语阅读理解试题中有很多这样的题目。任何一个实

词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。所谓上下文 （co ntext ）,正如英语辞典 所解释的，其作用就是协助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们能够尽可能 地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们 不熟悉的词的词义。猜测词义时，我们能够应用下面一些猜词的技巧： （1 ）根据上下文已知部分实行逻辑上的推理猜测词义：

As they go around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children.

They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right

例；阅读材料： A bag is useful and the word “ b ag'

phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out

a secret ”….

Now whe n some one lets out ( the bag. ”

短文后面有- 个理解题目：

John “ lets the cat out of the

bag A. makes every one know a secret

B. the woma n bout a cat

C. buys a cat in the bag

D. sells the cat in the bag (2)依据常识和经验作出判断： 例；阅读材

料：

is useful. It gives us some in terest ing of the bag. ” It is the same as “to tell 泄漏)a secret, he “ lets the cat out of means he _______ .

away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in tow n. The police

can always tell the people which way to go. They know all the streets and roads well.

文章后面有这样一道题：

53.1 n the text, “ put an end to ” means “_________________'.

A. stop

B. cut

C. kill

D. fly

（3）通过因果关系猜词

通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文

章借助关联词（女口because，as，since ，for，so，thus，as a result ，of course，therefore 等等）表示前因后果。

例: You should n 't have blamed him for that ，for it wasn't his fault.

通过for引出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。

（4）通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我

们不理解gay这个词，也能够知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。

阅读材料6：

There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground.

It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in NewZealand.

文章后面有这样一道题：

What does the word “ steam ” mean in Chinese?

A.自来水

B.大气

C.冰川

D.蒸汽

通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while ，however等；二是

看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。

如: He is so homely , not at all as handsome as his brother. 根据not at all...handsome 我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

（5 ）通过构词法猜词

在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又

有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。

（6）通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例: But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period ，or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought的意思为“久旱”，“旱灾”。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由

is，or，that is ，in other words ，be called 或破折号等

来表示。

（7）通过描述猜词

描述即作者为协助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描

写。

例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly ，it can swim in the icy water to catch

the fish.

从例句的描述中能够得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟

类的生活习性。

九年级英语阅读理解训练题及答案

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9年级英语阅读训练四 一：三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The first note I ever wrote for my mother said “Hi, Mom！Have a nice day！Love，Marie！”I was twelve when I wrote it，and I folded（折叠）the 1 into her change purse（零钱包）. My mother worked as a cleaner in a clothing factory. I knew that when she 2 meals in the dining hall，she would have to look for change in her purse. I didn't know that she would 3 that note, and always carry it with her. From the day that I 4 folded the small piece of paper into my mother's change purse，she and I left each other 5 notes. They would be put in the fridge，under a lamp，or beside the TV set. I 6 found one hidden in my shoe. From the outside，our notes may have been general 7 of our days，ideas and wishes. But to my mother and 8 , they were a lifeline communication with each other 9 no one else shared. On October 20，2009，my mother died after a long illness. I stood near her bed，holding her 10 . I didn't cry the day my mom died，11 I didn't cry a week later when I went to collect her things. I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and 12 Recently，I found a note that my mom. had 13 me．It had been hidden in the 14 of my favorite childhood book for years. It reads “Dear Ma rie，I love you always. Miss you a lot. Don't forget me. Be 15 ！Love，Mom ” That day, I cried. 1. A. note B. book C. diary D. letter 2. A. prepared B. gold C. bought D. cooked 3. A. forget B. keep C. lose D. pick 4. A. carefully B. wisely C. quickly D. carelessly 5. A. big B. funny C. secret D. beautiful 6. A. hardly B. never C. even D. seldom 7. A. programs B. courses C. excuses D. records 8. A. her B. me C. him D. us 9. A. what B. it C. that D. where 10. A. legs B. eyes C. hands D. hair 11. A. and B. but C. or D. because 12. A. gifts B. pains C. dialogues D. mistakes 13. A. lent B. sent C. passed D. left 14. A. lines B. poems C. pages D. pictures 15. A. serious B. happy C. patient D. strict 二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） (A)

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精选初中九年级英语阅读理解专项练习 1、阅读与表达（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，在表格内的空白处填入合适的答案（每空一词） Life is short. So live it to the fullest! Love whatever you have to do, thus you will always be able to do what you love and to love what you do. Live each day as if it’s your last! Today is a gift, that’s why it’s called the present. Be present to enjoy the moment. Each day is a fresh start with chances just waiting to be explored, so what are waiting for? Accept everyone. Enjoy the company(陪伴) of others and show interest in their goodness. Don’t judge(评判) others and treat others as you would like to be treated. Be confident. Focus on(集中) good thoughts and good things will happen. Don’t be too hard on yourself. Blaming yourself won’t help anything. Take action to find the cause of any bad thoughts (fear, anger, doubt, hate…). Cancel out(消除) each one with a good thought:“I am brave!”“I know I can do it!”“I forgive and I do not hate!” You may not be feeling your best at the moment, but you will feel better when you think about good things. Enjoy the environment. Take a break sometimes and go for a walk. Take a fresh look at the clouds, the colours of the sky at sunrise and sunset. Look at the plants, trees and how they move when the wind blows. Look at water how it shakes. This exercise will clear off the dead memories that kill the joy of living. Besides, make a list of everything you’ve dreamed of doing and then make it happen. Dreams aren’t achieved by sitting around and waiting. They are achieved by getting up and working for them! Work hard and make your dreams come true. Work hard and play harder! You can always realize your dreams. If you really want something, find a way to achieve it! Be YOU bravely. Don’t be a shy person! You are who you are! Forget what others think and live your life! Do what you want because life is what you make it, and your life is yours! Nobody

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