湖北省武汉市华师一附中2015年高考英语语法填空答题技巧及历年真题

语法填空答题技巧及强化练习

【语法填空考点】

纯空格题：冠词：a,an,the

代词

介词：in,at,on,above,below,through,across,onto,into,over,after,before,as(做为)等

连词

起连接作用的副词：however,therefore,thus,besides ，then,next,first,also,instead ，too,never,not 等

有提示题： 谓语动词的时态和语态（主谓一致）

表具体某次情况：to do

非谓语动词 作主语/宾语 表习惯/一般情况：doing

作目的/结果/形容词后的状语：to do(adj. enough to do,too...to do,only to do 等)

主动或正在进行：doing

作定语/状语/补语： 被动或完成：done

未发生：to do

形容词和副词及其对应的比较级、最高级和词类转换（词性转换、加否定或反义的前/后缀）等。

【语法填空七字诀】

“全”：看完整句；

“位”：确定空格所处的位置，分清在句子当中充当什么作用（词性为主）；

“考”：知道考什么；

“形”：知道用什么形式（主被动，词性的变化，特别是不规则词形的变化和书写等）；

“断”：对于长难句，要学会断句（断成相对完整的小单位，使空格的位置明朗化）；

“删”：对于复杂句，要学会删掉修饰部分，让句子的基本结构浮出水面。

“查”：填完后，读一遍，看是否自然通顺、前后一致、符合逻辑，看整体是否完整。

考点1. 动词的时态和语态

(1). The sun was setting down when my car ______ ( break ) down near a remote and poor village .

(2). Being too anxious to help an event develop often ________ ( result ) in the contrary to our intention.

(3). That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ___________ (close) my book and walked away.

(4). I ________________ (impress) by its garden-like campus, its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere.

(5). They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually ____________ (follow) orders.

【小结】

动词的时态、语态是每年的考点， 也是历年高考重点考查的项目，通常1-2道题。 重点考查的是时态 ，且多与语态一起考查。时态理解错误在考生中是常见的， 把握命题人的意图是至关重要的。

【解题思路】

1). 先判断所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，

2). 谓语动词的话，判断用主动语态还是被动语态，

3). 判断用哪种时态（根据时间状语、另一动词或具体的语境、）。

4). 确定所填动词的形式，保证谓语动词时态、语态、人称和数的一致。

指示代词：this,that,those,these 人称代词：I ，me,them,they,he,his 等 形容词性物主代词：your,my,his,its 等

名词性物主代词：mine,his,its,hers,yours,ours 等

反身代词：themselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,ourselves 等 不定代词：another,other,some,many,much, little,anything,somebody,no,such 等 关系代词：who,whom,which,that,as 等

疑问代词：what,whatever,which,who 等 从属连词：since(既然，自从),because,as(因为),although,though,after,before 并列连词: but,not only...but also...;or,and,for （因为）等

5). 特别注意：时态变化时不规则动词的拼写。

考点2 . 非谓语动词

(1). Miss Bean expected me to have my own opinion about difficult questions and taught me that

____________ (think) for oneself was the real key to success in learning.

(2). With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _________ (buy) presents for my dad.

(3). _____________ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

(4). The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ____________ (carry) out regularly, can improve our health.

(5). __________ (seat) in your home, your are capable of finding a lot of sources.

(6). Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely __________ (succeed).

(7). With the problem ________ (solve), I felt proud of my achievement.

(8). My pupils, Donnie _____________ (include), adored her.

(9). Therefore, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results (include) high scores and abundant knowledge.

(10). The last one ______________ (arrive) pays the meal.

(11). Before ______________ (come) into the house in Japan, it is good manner to take off your coat.

(12). Once _______ ( ask), everyone needs to co-operate without hesitation.

(13). From his bag he took out a bowl of ___________ (boil) rice and started to eat.

(14). Then I went to a post office to have them (deliver) by air without delay.

(15). Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building 22 . (lie) all over the place.

【小结】

非谓语动词每年必考，至少1道题，主要考查：

1). 动名词和不等式做宾语的区别；

2). 非谓语动词做宾补的区别；

3). 非谓语动词的时态、语态、否定式和复合结构。

【解题思路】

1) 确定非谓语动词；（先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给的动词就是非谓语动词）

2) 确定用哪种非谓语动词；（在句子中作什么句子成分，结合固定搭配和习惯用法）

3) 确定语态；（结合与逻辑主语的关系，确定填哪种语态）

4) 确定用那种时态；（非谓语动词所表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作生的先后关系确定时态）

考点3. 形容词、副词

(1). Then he started spending money on 37 （necessary）things. When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time.

(2). It worked 40._________（well）than I had ever imagined, and before long she knew every kid’s name, and they were all playing tag—a kind of game!

(3). They said their finding was much more 36 (color)than it should have been.

(4).I am not at all used to this cold weather, 31 I am glad to say that I have all the clothes for this

32 (freeze) weather.

(5). The Old Library today contains about 13,000 manuscripts and more than 800,000 books, and many of them are very ____________ (value).

(6). Only in this way will you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time 9.________(proper)．

(7). When the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop _____________ (frequent) to look back, making sure that the other isn’t too far behind to hear the bell.

(8). He had witnessed too many deaths and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years

__________ (early), in which 40,000 people were killed, wounded or missing.

(9). One of the __________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.

(10). I may ____________（probable）protest loudly when you try to wake me up.

【小结】

主要考查点是形容词作定语、形容词和副词的比较级、形容词和副词的相互转换等。

【解题思路】

(1). 先分析句子成分，作定语、表语、补语等用形容词；修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、或整个句子用副词；注意：形容词（短语）可作伴随状语或结果状语。

(2). 结合上下文，分清句子结构，正确处理级的变化；注意隐含的比较级。

(3). 注意特殊的形容词、副词的比较等级的句型。

(4) .注意比较级的修饰词: 表“ 稍微” a bit, a little , some , any；表“------得多” much, very much, far, a

great/good deal, by far, a lot ; 表“ 更加” still, even, rather, yet 等以及另外一些表程度的修饰词（序数、倍数、分数、百分数等）

考点4. 派生词（词性变换）

(1). Most of the _______( Africa ) are still living in poverty.

(2). China’s ___________ ( develop) of economy ne eds more careful planning.

(3). Can you tell me the ______ ( long) of the Great Wall ?

(4). I’m very thankful for your ________ ( help ) me.

(5). Going out for a part-time job can ______ ( rich ) one’s social experience.

(6). He ______ ( achievement) a lot in the field of science in the past ten years.

(7). The article ________ ( simple ) to make it easy for students to understand.

(8). What’s the _______ ( rich ) businessman in China ?

(9). He has become the ________( clever ) of the two.

(10). I hope the dream that becoming a _________ ( piano) will come true.

(11). He is __________ ( comfort ) because he’s ill.

(12). I was sorry to find him ________ ( conscious ) of the importance of study.

(13). The boy jumped up and down _________ ( happy) at the news.

(14). The old lady is _______ ( extreme ) glad to see her daughter come back.

(15). The lady was broken down by a car . _________ ( fortunate ) there was no one nearby.

(16). This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ________ ( nature ) course..

(17). Previous research has indicated that “number sense” is _________ (base) to humans.

(18). ___________ (lazy), lying, stealing and so on are all easily formed bad habits.

(19). Everyone gets ______________ (frustrate) sometimes.

(20). He was very __________ (sleep) and wanted to sleep.

【小结】

派生词每年都有，要求考生分析句子成分和结构，判断空格考查的词类，再结合上下文和构词法填上适当的词形。【解题思路】

词的前后缀，特别是否定前缀。

考点5. 名词、数词

(1). The order in which they finished would decide the order of their 31 （appear）in the Chinese calendar.

【小结】

要注意语境中词性的判断、词的转换、序号和倍数的表示法。广东考题常给出提示词要求用它的正确形式填空【解题思路】

1. 判断是否填名词；（一般在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格和一些不定代词后面）；

2. 注意名词的活用和具体的考查方式；

a ) 考名词的书写方式

b ) 单复数变化；

c ) 是不可数名词具体化（不可数名词在特定的情况下可转化成可数名词）；

d ) 名词修饰名词等。

考点6. 冠词

(1). There was once ___31___beautiful girl who hated herself because she was blind.

(2). Poems have 38 close relationship with our languages.

(3). This proverb just means that there is nothing like 31________ urgent need for setting people to work to find a way of meeting it.

(4). A couple of months later, on December 10, 38 anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, they receive their prizes from the Swedish King —— a Nobel diploma, a medal, and 10 million Swedish crowns per prize.

(5). The mount of Apollo signifies 35 good sense of beauty; of the Moon, a dreamy disposition.

(6). A few minutes later, he ran back to his mother and said, "I can't find 39 desk."

(7). Let’s go to ________ cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for a while.

(8). He wants to see a much stronger China within ________ rest of his life.

【小结】

冠词是高考的常考点。若空格后面的名词或形容词+ 名词前没有物主代词his/her/my等、不定代

some/any/other/another等、名词所有格、指示代词this/that/these/those等限定词时，很可能填冠词。

【解题思路】

1) . 如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“ 一个（本、种、杯------）”时，一般填a/an.

如果可翻译成“ 这、这些、那、那些”时，一般填the .

2) . 泛指填a\an , 特指填the.

3). 如果名词后面有: of 短语、不定式、分词或从句等做定语时可能填the.

【a/an/the用法顺口溜】

特指双熟悉，上文已提及；

世上独无二，序数最高级；

普名变专名，习语及乐器。

考点7. 代词

(1). Some people are very talented, but they just pay little attention to their studies or work. Being lazy, 33 talents are wasted.

(2). Each age has 31 pleasures and pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.

(3). A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery（彩票）. It changed 31 life.

(4). I told her the best way to make friends was to introduce 33. _________ when she met someone new.

(5). He hopes that 40 idea of filling “homeness” into nursing homes and inviting the community in will hel p to “break conventional practice in long term care.”

(6).Today, most people no longer take palmistry seriously; 31 are interested in it as a form of entertainment.

(7). If you still have 40 questions, please come to my office .

(8). It will also make 34 possible for them to take their favorite jobs in the future.

(9). One day, Mrs. White said to her husband," 33 is not good for Tom's health to live in the city all the time."

(10). And those who find ______ difficult to add up the numbe r shouldn’t feel too hopeless.

【小结】

常考点：

⑴. 不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, someone, somebody, anybody等的用法。

⑵. 替代词it, that, those , one/ ones 的用法。

⑶. it 的特殊用法。⑷. 指示代词this, that, these, those, such 等的用法。

⑸. 人称代词格的变化。⑹. 物主代词、反身代词及疑问代词的用法。

【解题思路】

⑴代词代的是人还是物。⑵代词代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。

⑶. 代词代的是特指还是泛指。⑷. 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。

⑸. 代词表示的是肯定还是否定概念。

⑹. 修饰名词的不定代词（another, the other, many, much, either, neither, both, any, all, each 等）

考点8. 介词

(1). I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me ______ a guest in their house.

(2). Jane Adams was also active in fighting __________ the use of child labor and war.

(3). ---. _____ these proverbs there are often interesting stories.

(4). He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day.

(5). Television is now playing a very important role ________ our life.

(6). …more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their train ing at home, went to Germany _____ advanced study.

(7). It was in this very room that I gave birth _________ Linda seventeen years ago.

(8). In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch ________ writing often.

(9). In short, I believe that it is _________ great use to keep a dairy in English.

(10). The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar __________ the control of the plane.

【小结】广东高考连续四年皆有，前三年占2题，2010，2011年各一题。

【考点】

⑴. 介词与动词、名词、形容词的习惯搭配。

⑵. 常用介词的用法。

【解题思路】

1. 可以作宾语（介宾或动宾）的结构（名词、代词、动名词、从句）

2. 若空格后是上面提到的结构且不在句中作主语，又不在动词后面作宾语，那么这个空格就很可能用介词。

3. 习惯搭配就靠大家多记、多积累。

考点9. 连词一（从句）

考查定语从句、状语从句（由when / while / if / though / because / since等引导）、名词性从句（主语/宾语/

表语/同位语从句）

【解题思路】若两个句子（含有两个主谓结构）之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格要填上连词，否则，句子的结构不完整。

一、（定语从句）

(1). The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away ______ there was a garage .

(2). My pills are in the bedroom, ________ I always keep them.

(3). The soldier, _________ was watching the passengers coming in, quickly took the notice off the seat beside his…

(4). At last they tried to fill in the plane with carbon-dioxide, ________ poisoned all the eighty rats by the poisonous gas.

【考点】关系代词和关系副词的选用、非限定性定语从句。

【热点】由whose, where, when, that, as 和“ 介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。

【注意】1. when 引导的定语从句

2. where 引导的定语从句和状语从句、表语从句的区别

3. which 引导非限定性定语从句和并列句的区别

4. as 和which的区别：such … as 和the same …as，as is known to all 的用法。

5. 分隔式定语从句的识别

6. 只能用that或不用that 的情况

7. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

8. 定语从句的主谓一致

二、（状语从句）

(1). He was very tired after doing this a whole day, ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “ grow” higher.

(2). He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up ________ the train came to Dijon.

三、（名词性从句）

(1). --- I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _______ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.

(2). One day, he came up with an idea ______ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.

(3). In 1931, Jane Adams was awarded the Nobel Prize for _____ she had done for society. I was to return to Guangzhou.

(4). If you want to know ________ to get rid of hiccups, here are some “cures”.

(6). As the financial crisis worsens, his father is worried about ___________ he would lose his work.

(7). But don’t take any notice of ________ I say.

考点10. 连词二（其他）.

特殊句式（简单句、并列句、强调句、省略句、祈使句、倒装句、反义疑问句和there be 句式的用法等）(1). It is often said that the joy of traveling is _____ in arriving at your destination ______ in the journey itself.

(2). I thought we’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time.

(3). The artist was born poor, _______ poor he remained all his life.

(4). In some places women are expected to earn money ______ men work at home and raise their children.

(5). He found it increasingly difficult to read , ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

(6). Stand over there _______ you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.

(7). It was not until midnight _______ they reached the camp site.

(8). If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _____________,

often gets special treatment.

(9). I soon found that the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door _______ the back door.

(10). Cynthina’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _____ how much he pays.

(11). After you come into the room you won’t sit down ___________ the host asks you to.

(12). Some of you may have finished Unit one. If ____, you can go on to Unit two.

(13). _______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.

(14). I traveled to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, and _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.

(15). So careless was I ________ I had forgotten all about that.

【考点】

⑴. 强调句⑵. 倒装句⑶. 并列句⑷. 祈使句⑸. 省略句

【注意】句子的结构、主谓一致、时态、语态。

【解题思路】

表示并列：and，or（否则，或者）表示因果：so，for，therefore，thus等

表示转折：but，though/although，however，yet，while(然而)等表示时间：before，after，until/ till

等

(2012广东高考真题)

Mary will ever forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day,__1_____( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2____(buy) the school , And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .

For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3___ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in __4___last row.

___5_____ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little __6____( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around ,but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary,_ 7____made her feel like a star .

“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” the teacher asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher __8____ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9____ the boy would do .Then he took __10____ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool."

(2013广东高考真题)

One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1 ( find ) that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much 2 too little.”

His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I s houldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 3 not sav e a bit of money?”

“That would be a very 4 ( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like our s,” Nick said.

Nick’s guests, 5 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

“But such a small thing couldn’t8 ( possible ) destroy a village.”

“In the beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10 ( think ) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we hav e ended up today.”

(2014广东高考真题)

Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 17 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18 (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19 for the week after. I didn’t understand 20 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22 (surprise ) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.

答案：

考点1. 动词的时态和语态( broke ) ( results ) ( closed ) ( was impressed ) (lying)

考点2 . 非谓语动词（thinking）(to buy ) ( Approaching ) ( carried ) ( Seated ) (to succeed) (solved) (included) (including) (to arrive) (coming) (asked ) (boiled) (delivered)

考点3. 形容词、副词( un necessary ) ( better) ( colorful ) ( freezing )（valuable ( properly ) (frequently)

(earlier)

(worst)（probably）

考点4. 派生词（词性变换）（Africans）( development ) ( length ) ( helping) ( enrich ) ( has achieved) ( has been simplified ) ( richest ) ( cleverer ) ( pianist ) ( uncomfortable ) (unconscious ) ( happily) ( extremely) (unfortunately)

(natural ) (basic) (Laziness) (frustrated) (sleepy)

考点5. 名词、数词（appearance）

考点6. 冠词( a ) ( a ) ( an ) ( the ) ( a ) ( a ) ( the ) ( the )

考点7. 代词( their ) (its) ( his ) ( herself) (his ) ( they ) (any)（it）（It）(it)

考点8. 介词( as ) ( against ) ( Behind ) ( after ) ( in ) ( for) ( to ) ( by ) (of) ( with )

考点9. 连词一（从句）

一、（定语从句）( where ) ( where ) ( who ) (which)

二、（状语从句）( but ) (when)

三．（名词性从句）( who ) ( that ) ( what ) (how) (what)

考点10. 连词二（其他）.

（not, but ( but ) ( and ) ( while ) ( for ) ( and ) ( that ) (however) (or) (than) (before / until) ( so ) ( Such ) ( so (that)

历年高考真题参考答案

09年：1. it 2. to please 3. a. 4. pushed 5. where 6. choice 7. on 8. him 9. at

10. was informed.

10年：1. The 2. who 3. presented 4. warmly 5. with 6. another 7. saying 8. it

9. sweeter 10. that

11年：1. later 2. until/till 3. sitting/ sit 4. was pretending 5. mentally 6. whom 7. they 8. on

9. an 10. both

12年：1.wearing 2.had bought 3.pleased 4.the 5.Although/Though

6.harder

7.which

8.for

9.what 10.them

13年：1. found 2. nor 3. why 4. reasonable 5. who

6. at

7. for

8. possibly

9. a 10. thinking

14年：16. it 考代词。（宾语从句的从句部分缺主语，用代词it指代上文提及的Miami）

17. earlier 考形容词比较级。（隐含的比较级）

18. were told 考谓语动词根据时态语态以及主谓一致规则的变化。（tell用法为tell sb sth，现句子中tell 后的sb不见，因提到句首作主语，句子需要改成被动语态）

19. but 并列连词。

20. why 宾语从句的连接词。（宾语从句却引导词，从句不缺主语、宾语）

21. for 考介词。（固定搭配charge for sth）

22.surprisingly 词性转换。（形容词前用副词修饰）

23. the 考冠词。（固定搭配on the + 序数词+ floor 表示...层楼）

24. where 定语从句连接词。（定语从句，从句不缺主语宾语，应用状语，beach是指地点，故用where）

25. sunburned/sunburnt 考动词变为非谓语动词。（固定搭配get done）

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