高考英语阅读理解综合经典题及答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

It was the beginning of 2011. I had just finished filming the first season of Game of Thrones(《权利的游戏》). With almost no professional experience, I had been given the role of Daenerys Targaryen. The show was so successful that young girls would dress themselves up as Daenerys for Halloween.

And yet, terrified of the attention, terrified of trying to make good on the faith that the creators had put in me, I worked much harder.

On the morning of February 11, 2011, I was getting dressed in a gym when I started to feel a bad headache. I was so exhausted that I could barely put on my sneakers. I tried to ignore the pain, but I couldn't. I reached the toilet and sank to my knees. A woman came to help me. Then everything became unclear. I only remember the sound of an ambulance.

That operation lasted three hours. When I woke, the pain was unbearable. After four days, they moved me out of the I.C.U. (重症监护室). But one day when a nurse asked me, as part of a series of cognitive (认知的) exercises, " What's your name?", I couldn't remember my name and I felt terrified: I am an actor; I need to remember my lines. Now, I couldn't recall my name.

The phenomenon is called aphasia. Then I was sent back to the I.C.U. and, after about a week, I was able to speak and know my name. And I was also aware that there were people in the beds around me who didn't make it out of the I.C.U. I was continually reminded of just how fortunate I was.

I rarely gave a thought to my health. Nearly all I thought about was acting. I thought of myself as healthy. Once in a while, I would get dizzy. When I was fourteen, I had a migraine (偏头痛) that kept me in bed for a couple of days. But it all seemed manageable — part of the stress of being an actor. Now I think I might have been experiencing warning signs of what was to come.

Anyway, there is something pleasant about coming to the end of Thrones. And I'm so happy to be here to see the beginning of whatever comes next.

（1）The author felt terrified after acting in the first season of Game of Thrones because _____.

①she felt nervous about the public attention.

②she had been criticized for her lack of experience.

③she was experiencing some warning signs of a serious illness.

④she wasn't sure if she had perform ed well in Season 1.

A. ①④

B. ②③

C. ①②

D. ③④

（2）When did the author lose consciousness?

A. After she took an operation.

B. After a woman came to her rescue in a gym.

C. When trying to ignore a headache while working out.

D. When knowing many patients wouldn't survive the illness.

（3）A patient who is suffering from aphasia ______.

A. cannot move his or her body

B. will fall into serious depression

C. must undergo brain surgery at once

D. is not able to remember things from the past （4）What can you infer from the end of the passage?

A. The author feels very lucky to be an actress.

B. The author is quite confident about her role.

C. The author can't go on acting due to the illness.

D. The author will pay more attention to her health.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在作为一名演员对待工作非常认真努力却忽视了自己的身体健康，直到有一天她晕倒并进了重症病房接受治疗，她才意识到要重视身体健康。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“With almost no professional experience, I had been given the role of Daenerys Targaryen. ”由于几乎没有任何专业经验，我得到了丹妮莉丝·坦格利安这个角色。可知作者觉得她认为自己没经验害怕不能很好完成；“And yet, terrified of the attention, terrified of trying to make good on the faith that the creators had put in me, I worked much harder.” 然而，由于害怕受到关注，害怕兑现创作者对我的信任，我更加努力地工作。可知作者害怕公众的关注。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“A woman came to help me. Then everything became unclear.”可知，一个女人来帮助我。然后一切都变得模糊不清。作者是一个女人在健身房里救了她之后失去意识的。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“B ut one day when a nurse asked me, as part of a series of cognitive (认知的) exercises, ‘ What's your name?’, I couldn't remember my name and I felt terrified: I am an actor; I need to remember my lines. Now, I couldn't recall my name.”这个过程的描述可知，患有失语症者会记不得事情，哪怕是自己的姓名。故一个患有失语症的病人会不记得过去的事情。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Anyway, there is something pleasant about coming to the end of Thrones. And I'm so happy to be here to see the beginning of whatever comes next.”可知，不管怎样，能演完《权力的游戏》是一件令人愉快的事情。我很高兴还在这里，见证未来的开始。所以通过这次生病，作者意识到自己的健康出了问题，但作者很感激自己身体还是很健康，判断出作者将来会更加注意她的健康。更好地演戏。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The negative (负面的) health effects of sleep shortages during the week can't be changed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a new study.

Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and

increase other health risks, including diabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption (代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of inadequate sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.

"If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they're gone when you go back to your routine. It's very short-lived," said Kenneth Wright, who led the research. "These health effects are long-term. It's kind of like smoking once was — people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be."

Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep — cutting out the optional "sleep stealers" such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic equipment. Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.

（1）What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?

A. The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.

B. Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.

C. People's habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.

D. The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.

（2）Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _________.

A. call on smokers to completely abandon smoking

B. advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke

C. show people have known the harm brought by smoking

D. show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation

（3）What does the underlined word "prioritize" probably mean?

A.Have a low opinion of something.

B.Increase the amount of something.

C.Cut down something that isn't necessary any more.

D.Treat something as being more important than others.

（4）What can be the best title for the text?

A.Weekend Catch-up Sleep Is a Lie

B.Bad Sleep Habits Are Harmful to Health

C.A New Study Has an Unexpected Discovery

D.Advantages and Disadvantages of Catch-up Sleep

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation (缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other he alth risks, including diabetes”研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险，可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中Kenneth Wright说的最后两句话可知：长期睡眠不足给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样——人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样。也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。由破折后的句意：减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上。可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。第一段就说明了文章中心。第一段段意为：一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

If you love eating and drinking for free and are looking to make some pocket money, there's a job in China with your name on it. A new type of online service allows people to hire others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite without the calories that usually come with it.

Chinese media recently reported on an increasingly popular service on online platform Taobao that's as startling as it is appealing. People can now go online and hire others to consume certain foods and drinks, and ask them to provide video evidence of them eating or drinking the said treats.

Fees usually range from two to nine yuan ($0.30 - $1.35) plus the cost of the food. It's not exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats alone.

"Bubble tea drinking" is a particularly popular service, as the chewy tapioca(木薯粉)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat

fried chicken or hot pot for anyone willing to pay for them.

Advertised as being "fat-free" and "free of queues" those who pay for the service will receive the full experience, which includes a 360-degree video of the drink, photos, and a detailed description. Prices of the service are based on the drink's sweetness level, its price, and popularity. Some clients even require a short written review to be sure that the person they hired actually does what they are supposed to.

Sellers explained that most customers buy their "Bubble tea drinking" service maybe because they're trying to shake off desires while they're on a diet. Drinking bubble tea by proxy may help customers avoid high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and other health problems that the sugar-laden drink may cause.

So why would anyone pay a total stranger to enjoy a treat rather than consume it themselves? Well, apparently, the online service is so cheap that some people simply do it out of boredom, while others get satisfaction from watching others indulge in their favorite treats.

This indulging-by-proxy service(代享受服务)has received a lot of attention on social media in China, with some people describing it as the job of their dreams.

（1）What kind of people may buy the new type of online service?

A. Those who are boring.

B. Those who are trying to lose weight.

C. Those who love eating and drinking for free.

D. Those who are looking to make some pocket money.

（2）Which is the reason for many people being willing to be hired for the new job?

A. That they can make a fortune.

B. That the foods and drinks are cheap.

C. That they can consume the treats for free.

D. That they can realize their dreams.

（3）Why does the author mention "bubble tea drinking" in Paragraph 4?

A. To prove that the new type of service online is popular.

B. To list an example of the new type of service online

C. To show bubble tea is greatly welcome in Asia.

D. To promote the new type of service online.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Indulging-by-proxy service online helps lose weight.

B. Boredom leads to indulging-by-proxy service online.

C. People hold different opinions on indulging-by-proxy service online.

D. Indulging-by-proxy service online is getting increasingly popular.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了很多关注，网上代享受服务越来越受欢迎。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A new type of online service allows people to hire others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite

without the calories that usually come with it.”一种新型的在线服务允许人们雇佣他人来吃或喝他们最喜欢的食物，既可以治愈他们的无聊，也可以满足他们的胃口，而不需要那些通常伴随而来的卡路里。可知，那些试图减肥的人可能会购买这种新型的在线服务，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It's not exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats alone.”这并不是一个快速致富的工作，但有相当一部分人愿意为了免费的款待而去做。可知，许多人愿意接受这份新工作的原因是他们可以免费享用美食，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Bubble tea drinking" is a particularly popular service, as the chewy tapioca(木薯粉)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat fried chicken or hot pot for anyone willing to pay for them.““泡茶喝”是一项特别受欢迎的服务，因为这种耐嚼的木薯球和弹出式饮料最近在亚洲风靡一时，但是也有一些广告是关于愿意吃炸鸡或火锅的人的。由此推断出，作者在第四段中提到“泡茶喝”是举出了一个新的网上服务的例子，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。最后一段”This indulging-by-proxy service（代享受服务）has received a lot of attention on social media in China, with some people describing it as the job of their dreams.“这种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了很多关注，一些人把它描述为他们梦想中的工作，是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了网上代享受服务越来越受欢迎，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

I spend half of my life with my mother and the other half with my father. My father lives with a twenty-pound cat named Tofu. He calls me his favorite daughter. I am an only child.

My father's apartment is quite different from any other person's living space. Except for my room, there is no furniture. He doesn't like sofas or any comfortable chairs, so he has only a drawing table, a desk and his bed. He spends a lot of time lying on the studio floor. That's how he thinks, he says. Then he does yoga

He has a big kitchen, and on top of the refrigerator is an old clock he winds every week for good luck. The last time the clock stopped, my father's car was towed(被警察拖走) and some other terrible things happened, so he has become very superstitious (迷信的) . When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clock so it won't stop.

The one thing he has plenty of is house rules. You have to take off your shoes when you come in. He won't allow anyone who wears a baseball cap into his house. He says only baseball players should wear baseball caps and only the catchers should wear them backward. Every time I go to stay in his house, he makes up a new rule. "House rule number 579, no television programs with laugh tracks!" he will say. But then be can never remember the numbers, so they change constantly.

The rule that he always enforces is the one that requires me to write a two-page essay anytime I want something. He didn't speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age. This ritual(仪式)started when I asked him if I could have my ears pierced when I was nine. He said it was very cruel and told me I couldn't do it until I was thirty-five. But l kept asking him, and he finally said that if I wrote an essay and I could persuade him in writing why I wanted holes in my ears, maybe he would say okay. I wrote my first essay for my father, and after one month of writing and rewriting, he finally gave me his permission.

（1）What is unusual about the father's apartment?

A.It has a large kitchen.

B.The father does yoga at home.

C.It is scarcely furnished.

D.The father spends a lot of time on the floor.

（2）Which of the following is an example of the house rules?

A.Someone is hired to feed Tofu.

B.You can't wear shoes in the house.

C.Baseball players are not allowed into the apartment.

D.The writer can't watch television programs in the apartment.

（3）Which of these statements about the clock is TRUE?

A.It is not an automatic one.

B.Her father doesn't like the clock.

C.It can bring good luck to them.

D.Someone is hired to wind it every week.

（4）We can infer that the writer's father____.

A.was a famous writer

B.was born in the United States

C.was a caring and strict father

D.speaks more than one language

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了自己父亲的生活以及处事原则。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“My father's apartment is quite different from any other person's living space. Except for my room, there is no furniture.”我父亲的公寓和其他人的生活空间大不相同。除了我的房间，没有家具。可知，我父亲公寓的不同寻常之处在于房间里几乎没有家具，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的'You have to take off your shoes when you come in."你进来时必须把鞋脱掉。可知“不能在家里穿鞋”是房屋规则之一，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“When he goes out of town, he hires someone to feed Tofu and wind the clo ck so it won't stop.”当他出城的时候，他雇人喂Tofu，给钟上弦，这样

钟就不会停了。可知选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“He didn't speak English until he was sixteen, and he had a hard time learning to write it, so he wants me to become a good writer at an early age.”他直到16岁才会说英语，而且他很难学会写英语，所以他希望我在很小的时候就成为一名优秀的作家。可推断出，作者的父亲会说不止一种语言，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Need a fall fix? Try one from these great places.

⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan

The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry, and once visitors arrive, they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors. "It's a throwback to years past, a little town, and there's a big state park as well," Blackwell says. "You're allowed to have boats all around the island."

⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee

With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state. Fall visitors find a range of colors reflecting in the clean waters, says Blackwell, who vacationed in the area with his family as a child. "The thick forest there just allows you to see more greenery and wildlife."

⒊Dillon Reservoir, Colorado

With an hour from Denver, this lake is home to what claims to be the nation's highest sailing club, at an altitude of more than 9,000 feet. Marinas in the towns of Dillon and Frisco make it easy to get out on the water and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves. "People are surprised that there's boating in Colorado, and you can see the mountains just before the snowball," Blackwell says.

⒋Lake Monroe, Indiana

The state's largest lake is surrounded by more than 13,000 acres of protected forest and three recreation areas, making it an ideal place to see fall colors, particularly from oaks and the tulip poplar, the state tree. " It's a gem (宝石) in southern Indiana," says Blackwell, who grew up in the area. "There are lots of different activities: canoeing, kayaking and fishing."

（1）What is special about Mackinac Island?

A. It's like a modern city.

B. Visitors can't take a boat around it.

C. Visitors can see various wildlife there.

D. Visitors can't go there by cars.

（2）Which is suitable for someone looking for an undeveloped place for vacation?

A. Mackinac Island, Michigan.

B. Tellico Lake, Tennessee.

C. Dillon Reservoir, Colorado.

D. Lake Monroe, Indiana.

（3）What do the four places have in common?

A. Blackwell once travelled there.

B. They are all famous tourist destinations.

C. They are surrounded by thick forests.

D. Visitors can enjoy fall colors there.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合秋季度假的地方。

（1）考查细节理解。根据⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan部分中的"The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry"可知，到这个著名的无车岛的唯一途径是乘船和渡船。即：无法通过乘汽车到达该岛。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee部分中的"With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state"可知，Tellico Lake基本上未被开发，得到了很好的保护，一直处于自然状态。因此，该地适合那些想到未被开发的地方度假的人们。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan部分中的"they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors"；⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee部分中的"Fall visitors find a range of colors reflecting in the clean waters"，⒊Dillon Reservoir, Colorado部分中的"and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves"和⒋Lake Monroe, Indiana部分中的"making it an ideal place to see fall colors"可知，在这四个地方都可以看到"秋天的色彩"。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

The Largest World Fairs of All Time

New York World Fair — New York, 1939

The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博览会) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出现) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors.

Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900

The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自动扶梯) and talking films.

Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan

Expo' 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th century and the second largest in history. Expo 70 had a record attendance of over 64 million visitors, a 40-year record that would not be broken until Expo 2010 in Shanghai. Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.

Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China

Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history, having attracted 73 million people. It also had the highest international participation of any exposition in the world with 246 countries participating. The opening ceremony featured the biggest LED screen in the world as well as one

of the biggest fireworks displays in history.

（1）Which Expo is the biggest one in history?

A. Expo 70 — Osaka. Japan.

B. Exposition Universelle — Paris

C. Expo 2010 — Shanghai, China.

D. New York World Fair — New York

（2）What is the purpose of New York World Fair?

A. To attract more inventions.

B. To improve the nation's economy.

C. To display the technological development.

D. To share achievements with other countries.（3）What did Expo 70 in Japan feature?

A. A piece of rock from space.

B. A rocket in the Apollo 12 mission.

C. The cultural heritage from countries.

D. The biggest LED screen in the world.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有史以来最大的世界博览会。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China部分中的“Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history”可知，2010年上海世博会是历史上规模最大的一届世博会，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据New York World Fair —New York, 1939部分中的“aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign inve stment.”可知，纽约世博会的目的是通过吸引外资来缓解国内经济萧条，也就是改善国家经济，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan部分中的“Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.”可知，第70届日本世博会的特色是展出了阿波罗12号带回来的一大块月球岩石，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Standing desks have become common across Silicon Valley, offering health benefits to those willing to work on their feet. However, due to their high price, they have failed to catch on until now. Recently, Ikea has brought out Bekant convertible(可变换的) standing desk that can become a normal desk at the touch of a button. The $500 adjustable desk can transform from a standard desk to a standing one, and Ikea hopes it could make the standing desk mainstream.

Experts say that changing from a seated to a standing desk can improve productivity. Similar desks have become a common sight at tech firms such as Google, where some employees have even installed treadmill (跑步机) and bicycle desks.

The desk is not the first "convertible" on the market. As early as 2013, Stir Kinect brought out an adjustable desk. The $3,890 Stir Kinect desk has a motor to raise and lower itself, changing it into a standing desk or a traditional desk. The desk can even be programmed to move up and down slightly, making it appear to take a gentle breath to remind the user to change their positions. To move between sitting and standing positions, owners simply double tap on the

screen. The desk can learn the user's preferences over time and suggest the best seating position. The Stir Kinect desk was created by a team of ex-Apple and Disney engineers. It has a built-in touch screen to control and track movement, and can tell users exactly how many calories they burn by standing during their working day. It also has devices containing power points and USB ports for charging phones, to keep cables hidden.

"Ikea's height-adjustable desk is great for opening up the lower end of the market, " said JP Labrosse, founder and CEO of Stir.

（1）What is the text mainly about?

A. Ikea has brought out an adjustable standing desk.

B. Silicon Valley offered health benefits to officials.

C. Google formed their tech firms to design bicycle desks.

D. The Stir Kinect desk will become mainstream in the market.

（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Before Bekant desk, similar adjustable desks have been widely used.

B. The seated desks will take the place of the standing desks in the future.

C. Compared to the Stir Kinect desk, the Bekant desk is much cheaper.

D. The adjustable desks were designed by the Apple and Disney Company.

（3）The Stir Kinect desk______.

A. can breathe in and breathe out by pressing the button once

B. can charge phones by using a device containing power point

C. can tell you how many calories you need for a walk

D. can advise you to do more exercise at a proper time

（4）What can we infer from the last sentence given by JP Labrosse?

A. Ikea's adjustable desk will be popular with average people.

B. Ikea will have to sell furniture at a lower price in the future.

C. This height adjustable table can only be found in Ikea.

D. It is not necessary for Ikea to open up the market at all.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，站立式办公桌在美国硅谷已经比较常见，宜家近日推出了一款名为BEKANT的可调节的站立式办公桌，这种桌子对愿意站立式工作的人健康有益。

（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，站立式办公桌在美国硅谷已经比较常见，对愿意站立式工作的人健康有益。宜家近日推出了一款名为BEKANT的可调节的站立式办公桌，使用者只需按一下按钮便可将其从普通高度调节至站立式高度。宜家希望这款办公桌占领市场，成为主流，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知“Bekant convertible standing desk”售价为$500；而第三段中是Stir Kinect desk售价为$3,890，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"It also has devices containing power points and USB

ports for charging phones, to keep cables hidden."Stir Kinect还设置了充电接口以及USB接口，可用于手机充电，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ikea's height-adjustable desk is great for opening up the lower end of the market,”宜家的可调节办公桌有助于打开低端市场，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby. She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, "The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it's a win-win situation all around."

They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex, some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.

George C Ball Jr. owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the average growth of last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is striking rise in the cost on food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruit and vegetables. Food prices have increase of higher oil price. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.

（1）What does the word "residents" in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?

A. chickens

B. tomatoes

C. gardens

D. people

（2）Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?

A. More Americans are doing it for fun.

B. The price of oil is lower than before.

C. There's a growing need for fruits.

D. The cost of living is on the rise.

（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Family Food Planning

B. Banking on Gardening

C. A Belt-tightening Move

D. Gardening as a Hobby

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降，人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成

本。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. ”可知，Cassandra Feeley的旧房子成为了养鸡的地方，下个月新的居民就要来了。这里的新居民就是指他们所养的鸡。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They are among the growing num ber of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.” 可知，菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升以及经济的下降导致的。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。文章并没有涉及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动，更不是把园艺当成爱好。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

New Jersey Botanical Garden Membership

It's easy to join New Jersey Botanical Garden (NJBG) Membership online, by phone or by mail. Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and entertaining activities for the general public. Thank you for your support!

To join or renew, please click on the appropriate section and membership category below for safe and convenient online payment processing by PayPal.

If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).

※ Join NJBG Today

a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion(公馆)designed John Russel Pope. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and naturalized gardens and is surrounded by over 1,000 acres of meadows(草坪) and woodlands. Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984, the gardens contain approximately 5,000 species and varieties of trees and flowers.

For you, the NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit where you may enjoy each season's best. Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures and rewarding educational opportunities

for both city and gardeners.

Your NJBG membership offers you discounts at participating nurseries, garden centers and other fine businesses. Simply present your NJBG membership card when beginning your purchase.（1）The money paid for NJBG membership will be used to _____.

A. offer further education

B. update the payment system

C. provide better service

D. protect the environment

（2）To renew the one-year membership for your parents, you need to pay_____.

A.$30

B.$50

C.$60

D.$80

（3）According to the passage, New Jersey Botanical Garden_____.

A.was officially named in 1966

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3315152082.html,ed to be privately-owned

C.presents members with awards

D.offers discounts in most shop

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了新泽西植物园的会员，讲述了如何加入会员以及会员所享受的优惠，让读者更了解NJBG的会员。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and entertaining activities for the general public.”可知会费将被用来改善花园，为普通大众供教育和娱乐活动，即会费被用来改善服务。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二个表格Annual Fees dual $50可知更新两人一年的会员费用是50美元，因此为父母更新一年的会费为50美元。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion(公馆)designed John Russel Pope. ”和“Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984,”可知植物园从前是一个公馆，政府于1966年购得，然后取名为新泽西州植物园，故推测该植物园以前是私人的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Camper Lunch Program

We are pleased to offer the Camper Lunch Program for full-day campers or campers participating in both morning and afternoon half-day camps.

Lunch at the Overlake School

At the Overlake School in Redmond, you can sign up for lunch at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by the school cafeteria including a hot main dish and a salad bar option. Limited diet

restrictions can be accommodated in advance. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday.

$ 40 for 5-day camp week

$ 32 for 4-day camp week

Lunch at View Seattle

Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的)lunch menus. Besides, camper with allergies or sensitivities are encouraged to bring their own lunch.

$ 40 for 5-day camp week

$ 38 for 4-day camp week

Lunch at St. Thomas School

At St. Thomas School, lunch and snacks are provided by SAGE Dining. Lunch includes a hot main dish, a salad bar and sandwich options. Campers also receive two snacks per day.

$ 50 for 5-day camp week

$45 for 4-day camp week

Lunch at Pacific Science Center

At Pacific Science Center, you can sign up at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by our very own Pacific Science Center Cafe. Every day, standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday.

$ 45 for 5-day camp week

$ 36 for 4-day camp week

（1）Which program can a camper with a budget of $ 35 choose?

A.Lunch at the Overlake School.

B.Lunch at View Seattle.

C.Lunch at St. Thomas School.

D.Lunch at Pacific Science Center.

（2）What are campers for Lunch at View Seattle required to do?

A.Stay far away from anything with allergies.

B.Choose their lunch preferences in advance.

C.Avoid bringing their own lunch for any reason.

D.Send emails to offer advice on improving lunch.

（3）What do the last two programs have in common?

A.They receive registrations only on Wednesday.

B.They encourage campers to bring some snacks.

C.They are mainly intended for vegetarian campers.

D.They provide campers with two snacks each day.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向露营者介绍了一些午餐项目的相关信息。

（1）考查细节理解。对比四个项目的价格可知,预算是35美元的露营者只能选择Lunch at the Overlake School这个项目。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Lunch at ViewSeattle 部分中的“Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的) lunchmenus. ”可知，Lunch at View Seattle 这个项目的露营者需要提前选择自己的午餐偏好。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Lunch at St. Thomas School部分中的“Campers also receive two snacks per day. ”和Lunch at Pacific Science Center部分中的“Every day，standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. ”可知，两个项目的共同之处是它们每天给露营者提供两顿零食。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Alison Malmon was ending her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania. US, when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University; was suffering from mental illness.

Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to organize students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that today's young people face.

"What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect." A new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today's society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called "socially-prescribed (社会定向型的) perfectionism" increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.

Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today's young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modem society, meaning young people can't avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new normal situation like greater numbers of college students, national examination and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.

For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their "achievement anxieties" onto their kids through "too much participation in their child's activities or emotions

Those in the mental health community like Malmon say they're concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. "Mental health has truly become this generation's social justice (公正)issue," she said. "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."

（1）What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?

A.Her brother's mental illness.

B.Her project during the freshman year.

C.The pressure she had experienced.

D.Her strong interest in mental health.

（2）What may be pushing today's young people to struggle to be perfect, according to the article?

a. The impact of social media.

b. Parents' high expectations of their children.

c. The decreasing number of college students.

d. The fierce competition in society.

e. Their desire to draw their parents' attention.

A.a, b, c

B.a, d, e

C.a, b, d

D.b, c, e

（3）What does Malmon think is a way to help young people manage the pressure of perfectionism?

A.Enabling them to know what is to blame for their pressure.

B.Lowering their expectations of themselves.

C.Reducing parents' involvement in their children's life.

D.Making them aware of what true social responsibility is.

（4）What is the article mainly about?

A.A new study on college students.

B.Research into the trend of perfectionism.

C.A group devoted to helping people stay mentally healthy.

D.Various pressures that today's young people are facing.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了完美主义给当代年轻人带来的巨大压力，并分析了完美主义出现的具体原因。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University; was suffering from mental illness. “；以及第二段中的”Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to organize students to talk openly about mental health."可知正是Malmon的哥哥Brian患上了精神病让Malmon决定创办一个研究精神病的研究小组。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modem society…That comes from new normal situation like greater numbers of college students, national examination and parenting

that increasingly emphasizes success in education."可知社交媒体不是年轻人所面临压力的唯一原因，当代社会的激烈竞争以及父母对孩子教育成功的期待都是重要原因。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."可知Malmon认为年轻人应该让人们知道精神健康方面的问题不是他们的错误，而是社会以及父母给他们带来的。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇说明文，前两段导入话题：完美主义给年轻人带来了巨大的精神压力，人们组建了研究团队对此进行研究。第三段第一句点明主题"What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect."下文分析了完美主义产生的具体原因，并提出了年轻人的应对方法。所以本文主要讲述的是对完美主义的研究。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

At 88, my grandmother Vera has dementia and barely recognizes me. But I'm determined to help her age with dignity and grace in her home for as long as she can.

Since 2015, I've been a manager at Honor, a technology company that uses a website and an app to pair professional caregivers (we call them Care Pros) with loved ones who need a hand. I want to make sure we are offering all our clients (客户), including my grandmother, a service that is affordable, with people who are reliable, diverse and skilled. On Sundays. Amy, my grandmother's most-loved Honor professional caregiver, comes over to get her dressed for church. She loves the time she spends with Amy. That's the best gift I can give her and the best gift I can give myself. Care giving can exhaust a family emotionally and physically. At Honor, we're trying to create something that makes it easier for women to be moms, daughters, and sisters all at once. That's why this company was built.

What sets Honor apart from other care giving services is that we're equally focused on treating the Care Pros well. We pay higher-than-average rates and they can get health benefits and sick leave. Most of our Care Pros are women, and a lot of them arc single mothers. The technology behind our app allows Care Pros to set parameters (参数) based on when, where, and how much they want to work so they can control their schedules. The company also allows continuity of care. Each Care Pro notes in the caregivers' app how the client is feeling or what should happen on the following shift. That way, the client's family can stay up to date on their loved one's health. When I was working with my team at Honor, I wanted to create opportunities for people who looked like me. I'm proud to say that there are single moms and other women without traditional educational training who lead teams here. The makeup of this company proves that people with diverse backgrounds can be part of a successful tech company. This has to be a model for the future.

I'm confident it will happen.

（1）The author mentions Amy to _______.

A. share a precious memory

B. advocate caring for the elderly

C. show the importance of caregivers

D. inform the readers of a touching story

（2）Which of the following about Honor is true?

A. It allows flexible working schedules.

B. It gives higher salary and more paid leave.

C. It mainly employs single mothers and males.

D. It matches caregivers with clients at random.

（3）What does the underlined part "stay up to date" probably mean?

A. Go to bed later than usual.

B. Get the latest information.

C. Attend to somebody at fixed time.

D. Accompany somebody day and night.

（4）The last paragraph intends to tell us that _______.

A. women are able to hold up half the sky

B. success has nothing to do with education

C. Honor will probably have a better future

D. people with diverse backgrounds will be a model

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了老年照顾者的重要性以及Honor公司。Honor是一家科技公司，它通过一个网站和一个应用程序，将专业护理人员(我们称之为护理专业人员)与需要帮助的亲人配对。Honor与其他护理服务的区别在于，我们同样注重善待护理专业人士。我们支付高于平均水平的工资，他们可以享受健康福利和病假。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I want to make sure we are offering all our clients (客户), including my grandmother, a service that is affordable, with people who are reliable, diverse and skilled. On Sundays. Amy, my grandmother's most-loved Honor professional caregiver, comes over to get her dressed for church. She loves the time she spends with Amy.”我想要确保我们为所有的客户，包括我的祖母，提供一项负担得起的服务，而且要有可靠、多样化和熟练的员工。在星期天，艾米，我祖母最喜欢的荣誉职业护理员，过来给她穿上去教堂的衣服。她喜欢和艾米在一起的时光。可知，作者提到Amy是为了说明老年照顾者的重要性。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The technology behind our app allows Care Pros to set parameters (参数) based on when, where, and how much they want to work so they can control their schedules.”我们的应用程序背后的技术允许医护人员根据时间、地点和工作量来设置参数，这样他们就可以控制自己的日程安排。可知，它允许灵活的工作时间安排。故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Each Care Pro notes in the caregivers' app how the client is feeling or what should happen on the following shift. That way, the client's family can stay up to date on their loved one's health.”每个护理专业人员都会在护理人员的应用程序中记录下客户的感受，以及接下来轮班时应该发生什么。这样，客户的家人就可以随时了解

他们所爱的人的健康状况。由此推知划线词的意思是"获取最新信息"。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“The makeup of this company proves that people with diverse backgrounds can be part of a successful tech company. This has to be a model for the future.”这家公司的构成证明，拥有不同背景的人可以成为一家成功科技公司的一部分。这必须成为未来的模式。和最后一段中的“I'm confident it will happen.”我相信这将会发生。可知，最后一段意在告诉我们，Honor可能会有一个更好的未来。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

13．（2019?北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing." she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing."

（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.

B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.

D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

（2）What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Sensitive

B. Beneficial

C. Significant

D. Unnoticeable

（3）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

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高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.

【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项练习及解析

【英语】高考英语阅读理解专项练习及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》). They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive ears ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving mow modest cars. In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher — class families were more likely to act dishonestly. According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings. Finally, it just makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self- intere st,” said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study. Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts（本能）and values in different ways. （1）By saying “money is the root of all evil”, the author wants to . A. link wealth with bad behavior B. draw readers' attention to the research C. show how the saying proves the findings D. defend rich people who do immoral things （2）According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral? A. They welcome risks. B. They have more desires. C. They believe money talks. D. They become more selfish. （3）Why did the scientists do the experiments? A. To show how social status affects people's morality. B. To show people's instincts and values in different ways. C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true. D. To show the difference between higher - class people and lower - class people. （4）What does the passage really want to show us? A. The poor are respectable. B. Money is the root of all evil. C. All rich people are untrustworthy. D. The rich are more likely to act badly. 【答案】（1）B （2）A