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跨文化交际意识与口译

跨文化交际意识与口译
跨文化交际意识与口译

跨文化交际意识与口译

每个国家都有独特的文化,根据文化的定义及其与语言的关系,我们知道文化包含语言,语言反映文化。了解西方国家的文化是促进中西方交流不可或缺的,在口译中,我们必须加强培养跨文化交流意识,这也是消除语言障碍的最行之有效的方法。

一、跨文化交际意识

近年来,各位学者纷纷就“跨文化交际意识”给出了不同的理解。“文化对语际的有效转换关系极大。相同或相近的文化形式(或形态)具有相通的或相近的信息通道;反之,不同的文化形式必然产生文化差异或‘隔膜’阻塞信息通道的畅通。因此,文化因素在语际转换基本作用机制中起着重要的、不可忽视的作用。”(刘必庆,1999:72)“跨文化交际意识”广义上指,在交流过程中对文化因素形成的有意识或无意识的敏感的思维方式;狭义上指,口译员理解文化中的特殊现象,并以可接受的方式传达出这种文化。

二、口译

口译是一种跨文化交际行为。口译员的基本职责是从语言文化两个层面为交际双方搭建桥梁,真实、精确地传达信息。(胡嫣茹,2016:47)口译是一种特殊的语言交流活动,事中-英和英-中双向的语言交流。口头解释起着桥梁的作用,也就是说,本身就是一种跨文化的交流活动。在交际活动过程中,口译员将直接触及文化信息,必须能够快速,准确地传达双方交往意图。如果口译员对目标语国家文化知之甚少,会导致目标语言不会被不熟悉其文化的另一个交流方理解,更严重的是会造成误会,导致沟通失败。例如,“狗”在英语国家有正面意义,英文中有句话“Every dog has its day” 可以译为“每个人皆有出头之日”。如果读者不熟悉此句所蕴含的文化意义,很难对这句话做出合适的翻译。此外,当我们与西方国家的人沟通的时候,会得到对方的赞扬,根据我们自己的文化传统,我们会谦虚地拒绝。经常会说“没什么”,如果译为“It’s nothing. There is still much to improve”,很容易引起歧义。

三、跨文化交际意识与口译的关系

知名学者王佐良(2003:3)提到,“翻译人员要翻译单词,但从根本上说,他/她面临着两大文化。”因此,在口译过程中,口译员必须意识到源语言与目标语言之间可能存在的差异。对于口译员来说,跨文化意识对于翻译口译过程中的不可译性语言,是尤其有帮助的。口译员具备跨文化意识,会使他们在口译过程中具备是否对目的语做出修改或者在某种程度上做出修改的基本的判断能力。

(一)口译员是跨文化交际意识的承载者

在跨文化交流的过程中,口译员是传播信息的桥梁,让双方有效、成功的交

跨文化交际中的肢体语言差异

最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文,都是近期写作 1委婉语的跨文化交流及其语用功能 2法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 3论奥斯丁女性主义观点在《爱玛》中的体现 4建构主义学习理论在中学英语教学中的应用 5《宠儿》中塞丝的性格特征分析 6《榆树下的欲望》之农场意象--基于生态女性主义的分析 7从语境视角浅析《生活大爆炸》中反语的幽默属性 8文档所公布各专业原创毕业论文。原创Q 95 80 35 640 9浅谈英语复杂句的翻译 10劳伦斯小说中的女性形象 11孤独的精神探索者——《月亮和六便士》和《刀锋》中主人公形象分析 12基于语料库对红楼梦两个英文版本中红色的翻译研究 13Error Analysis on English Writing by Senior High School Students 14跨文化交际中的语用失误与避免方法 15中美企业并购中的文化整合分析 16盖茨比的人物形象分析 17政论文英译的翻译策略研究 18An Analysis of Two Main Characters in Moby Dick 19浅谈儿童文学在儿童成长中的作用-弗朗西斯霍奇森伯内特《小公主》和《秘密花园》之比较 20浅析英文电影在高中英语教学应用 21从认知语言学角度浅析网络语言中的隐喻现象 22大学英语课堂教学师生互动建构浅析 23从功能翻译理论看中国饮食文化负载词的翻译策略 24 25从《远离尘嚣》看托马斯哈代的生态自然观 26从《京华烟云》探析林语堂的女性观 27论《威尼斯商人》中的宗教思想影响 28爱默生的超验主义和老子的道家思想对比 29论《吉姆老爷》中的英雄主义 30 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 31论中西文化中家庭观念的差异 32论中美日常交际的文化差异 33影响大学生英语自主学习的因素研究 34On the Translation of English Impersonal Sentences 35试析海明威《丧钟为谁而鸣》中的人物形象 36论流行网络词汇的汉英翻译 37 A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Taboos in the Context of Intercultural Communication 38 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 39从《远离尘嚣》和《无名的裘德》看托马斯?哈代的婚恋观 40中美两国家庭教育理念的比较

浅论文化差异对口译的影响

浅论文化差异对口译的影响 论文关键词:文化语言文化差异 理解和表达跨文化交际跨文化意识 论文摘要:本文旨在从口译的过程出发,通过对语官和文化的分析、比较,列举一系列在口译实践中影响口译的文化因素,以阐明口译的实质是翻译文化而不是语言。口译最终的目的是让听众理解讲话人的意思。因此译员应时时兼顾到译出语受众的文化,积极培养自己的跨文化意识。 语言转换与文化跨越相统一已成为指导口 译实践的基本原则。作为跨文化交际的桥梁.口译不只是简单的语言问题,它与语言所承载的文化有着不可分割的联系。 1语言与文化 语言是人类思维和交际的工具。现代语言学的创始人索绪尔创立了符号学,他把语言定义为一种表达思想的符号系统-由语音、词汇、语法、篇章等构成的层阶系统。然而,任何思想的表达—有声的或无声的,都需要

在一定的社会范畴内体现出来。语言不可能是一种独立于社会以外起作用的符号系统,它具有社会性。而文化又是什么呢?英国人 类学家泰勒对文化的定义是:文化是复杂体,包括实物,知识,信仰,艺术,道德,法律,风俗以及其余社会上习得的能力与习惯。文化既是一种社会现象,又是一种历史现象,同时具有民族特征。因此,语言是文化的重要载体,是文化发展的媒介,又是文化的一部分,而且是最核心、最具影响力的部分。语言是文化的符号,文化是语言的深层构造机制。Pattanayak博士在其所着的AspectsofAppliedLinguistics一书中指 出:Bothinspaceand玩https://www.wendangku.net/doc/438464751.html,ngu ageisboththeproductandtheexpressionof culture.①同样,约翰.J.迪尼的《熟悉两 种文化与翻译》也体现了这种观点:“每一 种语言都从文化中获得生命和营养,所以我们不能只注意如何将一种语言译成另一种 语言,还必须力求表达两种文化在思维方式与表达情感方面的习惯。

跨文化交际论文题目

1.英文原声电影赏析与跨文化交际能力的培养 2."跨文化非语言交际语用失误研究 3."公示语翻译中的语用失误探析 4.国内广告语言语用失误研究现状与分析 5."全球化语境下跨文化交际失误语用归因 6."跨文化交际中的语用失误类型及对策研究 7."基于礼貌原则的跨文化语用失误分析 8."跨文化言语交际中的语用负迁移 9."浅析化妆品广告中的语用预设 10."中西方饮食文化的比较研究 11."中美时间观之对比 1 2."浅析汉英问候语中的文化差异 13."英汉词汇的文化内涵差异探析 14."英语身体语的交际功能研究 1 5."浅谈英汉身势语的表意功能之差异 16."目标语文化的理解与跨文化交际 1 7."中西文化差异对中国学生英语学生的影响 18."跨文化交际中的文化误读

9."浅析文化差异对商务谈判的影响 20."英语禁忌语的文化内涵异同研究 21."英语学习中的文化习得 2 2."英汉思维模式的差异对跨文化交际的影响 23."外语学习者的思辨能力与跨文化交际之成效 24."培养英语学习者跨文化交际能力之策略 25."英汉道歉语差异及原因 26."中西跨文化礼貌语差异探析 27."英汉语言中礼貌表达法之比较 28."英汉习惯用语的文化内涵探源 29."英语称赞语及其回应的异同研究 3 0."中美(西)家庭教育理念的差异及其对孩子的影响 31."中国英语学习者跨文化交际中的主要障碍研究 32."试析跨文化交际中角色互动的作用 3 3."本土文化与异国文化的冲突对跨文化交际的影响 34."跨文化交际中的时间观差异 35."论跨文化交际中的中西餐桌礼仪

6."关于提升英语专业学生跨文化交际能力的培养 37."涉外婚姻中的中西文化冲突 38."论跨文化广告传播中食品商标的翻译439."多媒体教学与跨文化交际能力的培养40."中西方儿童文学的差异 4 1."中西体育文化的差异及其受全球化发展的影响 42."中西传统休闲文化及其价值观的对比分析 43."简爱与林黛玉不同命运的文化透析 44."国际商务活动中礼貌原则的应用 4 5."论文化背景知识在外语阅读教学中的作用 46."国际商务交际活动中的非语言交际 47."浅析英汉汽车商标的特点及其翻译 48."英汉隐喻差异的文化阐释 49."文化语境下的英汉植物词 50."文化语境下的英汉动物词 51."从体态语探析中西文化差异 52."浅析英汉颜色词的文化内涵 53."文化视野下英语谚语的比较

跨文化交际意识与口译

跨文化交际意识与口译 每个国家都有独特的文化,根据文化的定义及其与语言的关系,我们知道文化包含语言,语言反映文化。了解西方国家的文化是促进中西方交流不可或缺的,在口译中,我们必须加强培养跨文化交流意识,这也是消除语言障碍的最行之有效的方法。 一、跨文化交际意识 近年来,各位学者纷纷就“跨文化交际意识”给出了不同的理解。“文化对语际的有效转换关系极大。相同或相近的文化形式(或形态)具有相通的或相近的信息通道;反之,不同的文化形式必然产生文化差异或‘隔膜’阻塞信息通道的畅通。因此,文化因素在语际转换基本作用机制中起着重要的、不可忽视的作用。”(刘必庆,1999:72)“跨文化交际意识”广义上指,在交流过程中对文化因素形成的有意识或无意识的敏感的思维方式;狭义上指,口译员理解文化中的特殊现象,并以可接受的方式传达出这种文化。 二、口译 口译是一种跨文化交际行为。口译员的基本职责是从语言文化两个层面为交际双方搭建桥梁,真实、精确地传达信息。(胡嫣茹,2016:47)口译是一种特殊的语言交流活动,事中-英和英-中双向的语言交流。口头解释起着桥梁的作用,也就是说,本身就是一种跨文化的交流活动。在交际活动过程中,口译员将直接触及文化信息,必须能够快速,准确地传达双方交往意图。如果口译员对目标语国家文化知之甚少,会导致目标语言不会被不熟悉其文化的另一个交流方理解,更严重的是会造成误会,导致沟通失败。例如,“狗”在英语国家有正面意义,英文中有句话“Every dog has its day” 可以译为“每个人皆有出头之日”。如果读者不熟悉此句所蕴含的文化意义,很难对这句话做出合适的翻译。此外,当我们与西方国家的人沟通的时候,会得到对方的赞扬,根据我们自己的文化传统,我们会谦虚地拒绝。经常会说“没什么”,如果译为“It’s nothing. There is still much to improve”,很容易引起歧义。 三、跨文化交际意识与口译的关系 知名学者王佐良(2003:3)提到,“翻译人员要翻译单词,但从根本上说,他/她面临着两大文化。”因此,在口译过程中,口译员必须意识到源语言与目标语言之间可能存在的差异。对于口译员来说,跨文化意识对于翻译口译过程中的不可译性语言,是尤其有帮助的。口译员具备跨文化意识,会使他们在口译过程中具备是否对目的语做出修改或者在某种程度上做出修改的基本的判断能力。 (一)口译员是跨文化交际意识的承载者 在跨文化交流的过程中,口译员是传播信息的桥梁,让双方有效、成功的交

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

跨文化交际-unit1-6-课后translation中英对照

Unit 1 Page 22 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of study is based on a view of hi story that clearly demonstrates people and cultures have been troubled by a persistent i nability to understand and get along with groups and societies removed by space, ideol ogy, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about many of huma n civilization's failure is that they appear to be personal as well as global. The story of h umankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-face conflicts as well as international misunderstanding--major and minor quarrels that range from simple name-calling to i solationism or even armed conflict. It is obvious that increased contact with other cultures and subcultures makes it impe rative for us to make a concerted effort to get along with and to try to understand peop le whose beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our own. The ability, thr ough increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with people who do not necessarily share our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only in our own neigh borhoods but could be the decisive factor in maintaining world peace. 纵观历史,我们可以清楚地看到,人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰 和行为举止上存在的差异,而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下,跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是,人类文明在 发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折,既是个人的,又是全球性的;人类历史进程总是充 满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义直至到武装冲突,大大小小争端不绝。 很显然,文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了,这迫切要求我们共同努力,去 理解有着不同信仰和文化背景的人们,并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解,我 们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处;这不但有益于我们周遭环境的 安定,也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming,our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows:it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It various from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with menbers of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in┄a reality that is taken for granted and rarely examined. it is in the air we breath and is as necessary to our understanding of who we are as air is to our physical life. Culture is the property of a community of people, not simply a characteristic of individuals. Societies are programmed by culture, and that programming comes from similar life experiences and similar interpretations of what those experiences mean. If culture is mental programming, it is also a mental map of reality. It tells us from early childhood what matters, what to prefer, what to avoid, and what to do. Culture

口译中礼貌用语和称呼语的跨文化交际差异解答

请随便。 Be at home,please. 、口译中礼貌用语的跨文化交际差异: 对于同中国人交往的外国人来说,要弄清楚汉语的礼貌语言也是够麻 烦的了。究其原因就是英语中很少使用谦词与敬语。 下级给上级写信, 可能客气一点,但也没有很多特别的谦词与敬语。 不必考虑对方的年 龄、头衔、地位等。下面是汉、英之间的一些例子: 1、汉语中常用的套语 I have n 'see n you for a long time. Long time no see. How have you bee n for these days? 刘师傅---Master … 令郎---on e s s on 丫头---o ne 'daughter 高见---a good idea 贵姓---Your n ame 久仰大名---I 'e heard a lot about you 哪里,哪里。---Tha nk you. 大作---o ne 'book/article,etc. 府上---your home;the place you are from 耽误您的时间了。 ---Thank you for your time. 惭愧,惭愧! ---I'm flattered. I m very much honored. 2、寒暄语 您好!吃了吗? Hi! / Hello! / How have you bee n? 上哪儿去啊? How are you? / How are you doing? It 'a nice day, isn 'it ? 回头见。 See you later / soon. 好久不见了。

On Cross-Cultural Awareness and its Cultivation in Interpretation 英语口译中的跨文化意识及其培养

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跨文化意识在英汉口译教学中的培养

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口译中的文化差异

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Translation1 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of study is based on a view of history that clearly demonstrates people and cultures have been troubled by a persistent inability to understand and get along with groups and societies removed by space, ideology, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about many of human civilization’s failure is that they appear to be personal as well as global. The story of humankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-face conflicts as well as international misunderstanding--major and minor quarrels that range from simple name-calling to isolationism tr even armed conflict. It is obvious that increases contact with other cultures and subcultures make it imperative for us to make a concerted effort to understand and get along with people whose beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our own. The ability, through increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with people who do not necessarily share our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only in our own neighborhoods but could be the decisive factor in maintaining would peace. 纵观历史,我们可以清楚地看到,各民族与文化由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰和行为举止上存在的差异,而长久无法互相理解,无法和睦相处。在这种情况下,跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是,人类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折,既是个人的,又是全球性的;人类历史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解--从骂骂咧咧到孤立主义甚至到武装冲突,大大小小争端不绝。 很显然,文化间以及亚文化间的交往日益增多,这迫切要求我们共同努力,去理解与我们有着天壤之别信仰和文化背景的人们,并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解,我们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处;这不但有益于我们周遭环境的安定,也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Translation 2 Culture is something referred to as our mental programming, our “software of the mind.”But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows:it is what enables us to process information in various specific applications. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture:culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It varies from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with members of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in--a reality that is taken for granted and rarely examined. It is in the air we breathe and is as necessary to our understanding of who we are as air is to our physical life. Culture is the property of a community people, not simply a characteristic of individuals. Societies are programmed by culture, and that programming comes from similar life experiences and similar interpretations of what those experiences mean. If culture is mental programming, it is also a mental map of reality. It tells us from early childhood what matters, what o prefer, what to avoid, and what to do. Culture also tells us what ought to be . It gives us assumptions about the ideal beyond what individuals may experience. It helps us in setting priorities. It establishes codes for behavior and provides

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跨文化交际unit1~6课后translation中英对照

Unit 1 Page 22 The growth of intercultural communication as a field of stud y is based on a view of history that clearly demonstrates pe ople and cultures have been troubled by a persistent inability to understand and get along with groups and societies remove d by space, ideology, appearance, and behavior from their own. What is intriguing about many of human civilization's failure is that they appear to be personal as well as global. The story of humankind is punctuated with instances of face-to-fa ce conflicts as well as international misunderstanding--major an d minor quarrels that range from simple name-calling to isolat ionism or even armed conflict. It is obvious that increased contact with other cultures and subcultures makes it imperative for us to make a concerted effort to get along with and to try to understand people who se beliefs and backgrounds may be vastly different from our o wn. The ability, through increased awareness and understanding, to peacefully coexist with people who do not necessarily sha re our lifestyles or values could benefit us not only in our own neighborhoods but could be the decisive factor in mainta ining world peace. 纵观历史,我们可以清楚地看到,人们由于彼此所处地域、意识形态、容貌服饰 和行为举止上存在的差异,而长久无法互相理解、无法和睦相处。在这种情况下,跨文化交际作为一个特定的研究领域得以形成和发展。值得注意的是,人 类文明在发展过程中所遭受的许多挫折,既是个人的,又是全球性的;人类历 史进程总是充满了个人间的直接冲突和民族间的误解——从骂骂咧咧到孤立主 义直至到武装冲突,大大小小争端不绝。 很显然,文化间以及亚文化间的交往比以前多了,这迫切要求我们共同努力,去 理解有着不同信仰和文化背景的人们,并与之和睦相处。通过加深认识和理解,我们能够与生活方式、价值观念不同的人们和平共处;这不但有益于我们周遭 环境的安定,也是维护世界和平的决定性因素。 Unit 2 Page 60 Culture is sometimes referred to as our mental programming,our “software of the mind. ” But we can take that computer analogy further and say that culture is the operating environment that enables software programs to run. Culture is like DOS or Unix or Windows:it is what enables us to process information in various specific application. The metaphor of windows seems to be very appealing to describe culture: culture is a mental set of windows through which all of life is viewed. It various from individual to individual within a society, but it shares important characteristics with menbers of a society. Culture is like the water fish swim in┄a reality that is taken for granted

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