动词不定式(The-Infinitive)

Unit1 Infinitive(动词不定式)

Teaching aims

1 .Knowledge Aim: The Infinitive

2. Ability Aims: Enable Ss to use the Infinitive correctly.

3. Learning ability: Teach Ss how to use the Infinitive correctly.

Teaching important points: The Infinitive

Teaching difficult points: Using the Infinitive correctly in different situations.

Teaching methods Task-based learning instructions practice

Teaching aids: Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching tools

Teaching Procedures

I. 不定式在句中的功能

做主语:

那样做是很幼稚的. To act like that is childish.

为避免句子出现“头重脚轻”现象,常用it做形式主语,将真正主语的不定式后置.

要学好英语不是那么容易的。It is not easy to learn English well.

(2) 做宾语

她喜欢谈论这件事情。She loves to talk about the matter.

他希望不久能找到工作.He hopes to find a job soon.

常接不定式做宾语的动词有：afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, attempt, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, demand, expect, fail, hate, hope, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, want, wish等

<1>.不定式有时和连接代/副词一起构成宾语.

Do you remember which way to get there?

下一步干什么你决定了吗?

Have you decided what to do next?

我来问他怎么样开这机器.

I’ll ask him how to operate the machine.

<2>有时不定式由whether引起.

I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry about it.

<3>feel, find, judge, make, think, believe, consider 等动词后如果是不定式做宾语,补语是形容词(间或是名词),常用it作形式宾语,把不定式后移.

I find it difficult to work with him.

3.做宾语补足语:

常带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有: ask, beg, prefer, help, promise, wish, want, expect, permit, request, allow, command, tell ,invite, cause, encourage, warn, advise, persuade, force, order, remind, teach, 等.

Father will not allow us to play on the street.

My brother asked me to clean the room with him.

后接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有: let, hear, have , make ,see, observe, feel, watch, notice 等.

The policeman saw a child play in the street.

A child was seen to play in the street by the policeman.

4.做表语

不定式可用作表语,说明主语的具体内容.

My work is to clean the room every day.

我的梦想是成为一名医生.His dream is to be a doctor.

5.做定语

不定式放在被修饰的名词、代词后面，往往表示未发生的动作。

I have a lot of work to do.

She is the first student to come to school.

6.做状语

(1) 做目的状语，常用的结构：to do ; in order to do, so as to do, so/ such…as to do, etc.

I come here to say good-bye to you.

(2) 做结果状语：常与副词only , enough 或too连用。

He studied hard only to fail the exam.

He is old enough to go to school.

不定式做原因状语：一般用在句尾

I’m glad to see y ou.

She wept to see the sight.

III. 不定式的否定结构：

不定式的否定结构多由：“not +不定式”构成，否定副词not, never, seldom, hardly 等要置于to前。

请告诉你的小孩不要在街上玩耍.Please tell your child not to play in the street.

她检查名字为了不犯错误.She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.

IV. 不定式的时态：

（1）一般时表示的动作，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。

He seems to know this.他似乎知道这事。

I hope to see you again. 我希望再见到你。

（2）完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

很抱歉给了你这么多麻烦。

I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.

(3) 一般进行时表示的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

他好象正在吃什么东西。

He seems to be eating something.

（4）完成进行时表示的动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。

据说她研究这问题有好多年了。

She is said to have been working on the problem for many years.

StepⅣPractice

1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped______ on a big rock by the side of the path.

to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest

2. We’re planning ______ a party next week.

A. to have

B. have

C. having

D. had

3. ---Which do you prefer ____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?

---- Neither.

Spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend

4. Did you find out _____ the pie out of the oven?

A. When to take

B. to take

C. have taken

D. being taken

5._____ get a complete picture, further information is needed.

In order that B. In order to C. Being D. To have

6. It’ s necessary ____ so me English grammar.

A. for students to learn

B. for students learning

C. of students to learn

D.of students learning

7. I ought to ____ him the news, but I forgot to do so.

A. remember to tell

B. remember telling

C. have remembered to tell

D. have remembered telling

8. I ____ you the exciting news, but you were not at home.

Meant telling B. meant to telling C. Meant to having told D. meant to tell

Practice 1-5CABAB 6-8 ACD

高考链接

1.I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. (2005 天津)

A. To sound

B. to be sounded

C. Sounding

D. to have sounded

解析: want 后接不定式;sound 是系动词,没有被动式;句中没有强调完成的时间状语或含义.

2.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the

sports star.(2005 上海)

A. had

B. having

C. to have

D. have

解析: 不定式to have 在此做目的状语.

3. ---Is Bob still performing?

---- I’m afraid not. He is said _____ the stage already as he has become an official. (2005 江苏) A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

解析:主语he与leave是主动关系,句中出现了already, to have left表示该动作发生在主语谓语is said 之前.

4. ---Can the project he finished as planned?

----Sure,______ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day. (2005福建)

having got B. to get C. getting D. get

解析: 每天加班两个小时的目的是使工程及时完工,只有不定式表目的.

The Infinitive（动词不定式）

动词不定式是高考的必考语法项目，考查内容复杂，在复习备考中要重视

【基础过关】（1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。

His job is to guard.(说明内容)

be + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事)

（2）带不定式作宾语的词语

下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等

下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等

（3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补

①动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have 等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语

②常用带不定式作宾补的几种情况：

主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like + sb.to do sth.

③主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/

consider / feel + sb. + to be/ to have done

④主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.

（4）不定式作定语的特殊用法

①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等

②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。

There is no one to look after her.

③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系

She is now looking for a room to live in.

（5）不定式作状语的用法

不定式作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示行为目的、结果、原因。only to do表示出人意料的结果

We hurried to the classroom only to find none there .

in order(not)to,so as(not)to用来引导目的状语,enough,too, so… as to do, such + 名词… as to do 作结果状语，如:The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.

I’m not such a fool as to believe that.

（6）不定式的完成时的特殊用法

①表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发出的动作

The novel was said to have been published.

I regret to have been with you for so many years.

seem、appear、be said、be supposed、be believed、be thought、be known、be reported等

动词常用于上面句型

此外，glad、happy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed后也接完成时，但要注意与一般时的区别

I’m sorry to keep you waiting for a minute.对不起，请稍等（说话时还未等）

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了（说话时已等了很久）

②不定式的完成时还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟语气

（A）should like to / would like to / would love to + 不定式的完成时。（B）was / were to + 不定式的完成时，表示该做某事或想做但未实现。（C）expect / hope / mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。

（7）不定式的省略

①同一结构并列由and或or连接。

I want to finish my homework and go home.

I’m really puzzled what to think or say.

特例：To be or not to be, this is a question.

He is better to laugh than to cry.(表示对比)

②不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有do时，后面的to省略。

What he did was lose the game.

③句中含有动词do时，but、except、besides、such as等后面to可省略。即“前有do,后省to”

Don’t do anything silly, such as marry him.

④主句含有不定式，后面有rather than, rather than后省to。

⑤Why not、had better、would rather、can’t but等词后省to。如：

He could not but walk home.

（8）不定式的替代。

多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语或主补，宾补的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略（只保留to即可）。但如果承前省略的不定式有助动用的have 或be任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have如：

Susan is not what she used to be.

—You came late last night. You ought to have finished your

homework.

—I know I ought to have.

常见的有：I’d like / love / be happy to.

【拓展延伸】动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：

begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, can’t stand

时，后面只跟不定式

多接不定式

1. __________such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

2. One learns a language by making mistakes and _______ them

A. correct

B. correcting

C. corrects D .to correct

3. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew

A. having hung

B. hanging

C. hangs

D. being hung

4. Don’t forget _________ the letter .

A. to send

B. send

C. sending

D. being sent

5. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________ .

A. sit

B. sit on

C. be sat

D. be sat on

6. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow ?

A. this

B. that

C. it

D. which

7. I’m afraid they would not allow him ________ here .

A. to smoke

B. smoking

C. smokes

D. smoke

8. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it .

A. boiling

B. boiled

C. boil

D. to boil

9. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food .

A. buy

B. to buy

C. buying

D. bought

10. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment .

A. to wash

B. washing

C. wash

D. to be washing

11. The sitting-room needs _______ , but it’ll have to wait until Saturday .

A. be cleaning

B. to be cleaned

C. clean

D. being cleaned

参考答案1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A11.B

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习电子教案

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动词不定式的形式

一、动词不定式的形式 1. 动词不定式各种形式有：一般式、完成式、不定式的进行式、不定式的完成进行式、 不定式一般式和完成式的被动语态。 以下几种情况用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义： a. 在某些静态形容词后作状语的不定式：如 easy ， hard ， difficult ， tiresome ，good ， heavy ， interesting 等。 b. 当不定式的动作与所修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关系时，可以用主动表示被动。 c. 在too … to 或 enough to 结构中，不定式主动表被动。 2. 不定式的否定式 不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加否定词 not 或 never 等。 3. 不定式短语 a. 疑问词 + 不定式 在 tell ， show ， teach ， find out ， decide ， discuss ， learn ， ask ， advise ，remember ， know 等动词后常用“疑问词 + 不定式”这一结构作其定语。 b. of/ for sb to do 当不定式作主语时，可以有自己的逻辑主语，指明动作的执行者。常常使用 for 来引出不定式的逻辑主语，但当和不定式搭配的形容词是表示主语的品行、性格特征和行为表现时，需要用 of 来代替 for ，引出其逻辑主语。 使用 of 的此类形容词有： kind ， foolish ， stupid ， wise ， nice ， clever ，silly ， rude ， careless ， thoughtful 等。 二、动词不定式充当各种句子成分的具体用法。 动词不定式可以充当除谓语之外的任外的任何句子成分。 1. 不定式作主语

动词不定式的用法荟萃

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inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.

动词不定式讲解

非谓语动词 一、英语句子需要遵循一个总原则：一个句子只能有一个动词。当一个句子必须要出现两个或两个以上的动词才能完整 表达一个意思时，为了不违法总原则，英语有四种处理方式： 1. 切分成两个或者多个句子 She is a girl. She likes English 2. 将一个谓语动词做主句，其余动词改成从句 She is the girl who likes singing. 3. 添加and, but, or, when, because, not only..but also, either..or 等连词变成并列结构 She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 4. 将其中一个动词变成非谓语动词形式 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. 二、非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词(and,but,or等)的情况下， 还有别的动词出现时，这时就要用非谓语动词 三、非谓语除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以做 不定式（to do） 四、非谓语动词三种形式分词现在分词（doing） 过去分词( done ) 动名词(doing) 五、非谓语动词解题技巧： 1. 判断是不是用非谓语动词（1.看有没有逗号 2.看有没有谓语 3.看有没有连词。要牢记英语中逗号不能连接两个 句子，一个句子如果没有连词只能有一个谓语） 2. 判断是主语和动词是主动还是被动关系 3. 判断时间, 确定非谓语动词和主句动词谁先发生，谁后发生 不定式的用法 不定式构成一般式完成式进行式 主动关系to do to have done to be doing 被动关系to be done to have been done 不定式动词和谓语动词发生的时间关系不定式的动作和谓语动作同时发生， 或发生谓语动作之后 he seems to know a lot 不定式的动作发生在谓语动 作之前 I regretted to have told you a lie. 不定式的动作和谓语 动作同时发生 I’m glad to be talking with you 不定式否定形式在to前加not. 即not to..... 不定式充当的成分主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾补

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习

Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing. 第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。 ●不定式作补语 ?I’d like the problem to be discussed at the next meeting.我希望这个问题在下一次会上讨论。 ●不定式作定语 ?The students have a lot of homework to do every day.学生们每天都有很多家庭作业要做。 ●不定式作状语 不定式可以作原因状语、结果状语、目的状语以及方式状语 不定式在下列句式中作目的状语：so as to do, in order to do ?In order to ensure your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat. 为了保证你的头发是最佳状态，请注意你的饮食。 二：不定式考点归纳： 考点1：不定式的时态和语态： 1.---Is Bob still performing? ---I’m afraid not. He is said ____the stage already as he has become an official. A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 1．A. 根据句子的意思“据说他已经离开了舞台”，要用不定式的完成式的主动形式。2．B. 用动词的不定式的被动形式表示结果状语。 考点2：不定式的功能：不定式具有名词的特征，可以作主语或宾语（例5），具有形容词的特征，可以作表语、定语或补足语（例4）；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语（例3）。

动词不定式用法讲解

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？

(完整word版)动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语

名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…”的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成“It is… to…”的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语

非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法

非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed

充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）

动词不定式练习题及讲解说课讲解

动词不定式练习题及 讲解

动词不定式用法要点讲解 一、作主语 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： ①It＋be＋名词＋to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. ②It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour. ④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. ⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do It seemed impossible to save money. 二、作宾语 ⒈不定式作宾语 ①以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如： agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，这些词大部分可接 th at引导的从句。如： When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. ②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。 He feels it his duty to help the poor. ③介词but,except,besides+to do(do) 在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to 不定式，即带do不带to，带to不带do。如： The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. ⒉部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin,continue,start,hate,like,love,need,require,want等。 在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义，也可接不定式，但要用被动形式，如：Your handwriting needs improving(tobe improved). hate,love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件，接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。 在下列情况下，一般要用不定式： ①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee. ②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：Thestudents are starting to work on the difficult maths problem. ③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening. 3．advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如： Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake. Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake. 4．部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。 ①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如： We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited to attend the meeting. They regretted ordering these books from abroad. ②mean to do 打算做某事 ;mean doing 意味着…… ③try to do 设法尽力做某事; try doing 试着做某事 ④stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）; stop doing 停止做某事 ⑤can't help doing 禁不住…; can’t to do不能帮助干…… ⑥go on to do 做不同的事或不同内容的事; doing 继续不停地做某事，指同一动作的继续 ⑦leave off to do 离开某地去干什么（目的状语）; leave doing停下某事 三、做表语 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. 四、作定语 不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： Have you anything to be taken to your sister? 收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除

详解动词不定式的五种

详解动词不定式的五种“式” 不定式根据其发生的时间不同以及所处的状语的不同，可以有一般式、完成式、进行式、完成进行式，同时根据它与逻辑主语的关系的不同，可以有主动式和被动式。如下表： 一、不定式一般式的用法 1. 表示未发生的动作 即表示发生在谓语动作之后的动作。如： I expect him to arrive tomorrow. 我预计他明天到达。 I hope to catch an early train. 我希望赶上早班火车。 The doctor advised me to take a complete rest. 医生建议我完全休息。 2. 表示同时发生的动作 即表示与谓语动作同时发生或略先于谓语动作的动作。如： Who heard him say that? 是谁听到他这样说的？(say与heard几乎同时发生) I?m sorry to hear that. 听到这事我很难过。(to hear 略先于am sorry) 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： Washing the car seems to be your main hobby. 擦洗汽车似乎是你的主要爱好。 None of her many lovers seemed to want to marry her. 在她的许多情人中似乎没有一个愿意娶她的。 二、不定式进行式的用法 1. 表示同时进行

即表示与谓语动作同时发生且正在进行的动作。如： He seems to be following us. 他似乎在跟着我们。 He pretended to be looking for a book. 他假装在找书。 I happened to be looking out of the window when they arrived. 他们到达时我碰巧正向窗外望去。 2. 表示将来 正如可用进行时态表示将来意义一样，不定式的进行式有时也可表示将来。如：You are lucky to be going by air. 你挺幸运的，能乘飞机走。 He was happy to be coming home. 就要回家了他感到高兴。 I happened to be going that way. 我恰好也是到那里去。 I promised to be waiting at the door when he came out. 我答应在门口一直 等到他出来。 3. 表示一般情况 即看不出动作的先后关系，而是表示一种情况或现象。如： I noticed that he seemed to be smoking a lot. 我发现他似乎烟瘾很大。 Just to be doing something was a help. 做点事是有益处的。 You are too young to be meeting young men. 你太小，不能交男朋友。 三、不定式完成式的用法 1. 表示比谓语动作更早的动作 即不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如： I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。 They are said to have left London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。 I happened to have driven that kind of car before. 碰巧我过去曾开过那种汽车。 I?m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。 2. 表示比某特定时间更早的动作 即表示在某个特定的时间之前已完成的动作。如： I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望现在以前已完成这项工作。

(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。

如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省