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第二组：

一、问答题（每小题20分，共60分）

1. 什么是均衡价格？作图说明供求变动对均衡价格及均衡数量的影响。

答：

均衡价格是需求和供给两种力量共同决定的市场价格，当供求两种力量在市场上通过竞争达到平衡时，此时的市场价格就是均衡价格，此时的销售量叫均衡数量。如图1中P0，Q0所示。

当需求和供给发生变动时，均衡价格和均衡数量也随之发生变动，这种变动可用供求定理予以说明：

供求定理是说明供求的变动对均衡价格和均衡数量影响的理论，其内容是（1）当需求水平变动而供给不变时，均衡价格和均衡数量会随需求同方向变动。如图2，当需求增加时，均衡数量和均衡价格也增加，当需求减少时，均衡数量和均衡价格也减小。（2）当供给水平变动而需求不变时，均衡价格将会随供给反方向变动，而均衡数量将会随供给同方向变动。如图3，当供给减少时，均衡价格上升，均衡数量减少，当供给增加时，均衡价格下降，均衡数量增加。

当供给和需求同时发生变动时，则应对变动的总效应加以综合分析。

2. 简述等产量线的特征

答：等产量曲线有无数条，其中每一条代表一个产量值，并且离原点越远，代表的产量越大。任意两条等产量曲线不相交。等产量曲线向右下方倾斜。等产量曲线是凸向原点的。

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16 C They provide residents with the resources needed. 17 B By inspiring their creativity 18 D Their number increased modestly 19 C It is an unusual cross breed 20 A They are as loyal as dogs 21 C They shower with them 22 D Excited but somewhat sad 23 A It starts the moment they are born 24 D Set a good example for them to follow 25 B Their home life 四级阅读答案 26-35 6.F Damage 7.B associated 8.M sources 9.D constant 10.G described 11.E control 12.H equals 13.K regularly 14.I exclusively 15.O vehicle

2018年12月月考试题答案

天津市第47中学2016届高三月考历史试题答案 1-5 C B D A C 6-10 A D C B A 11-15 C D B C A 16-20 A B D A C 21-25 C A D B C 26-30 B A D C B 31.(17分） （1）意图：控制西欧，维护霸权地位；稳定资本主义制度，对抗苏联。（2分）措施：实施马歇尔计划；建立北约组织。（2分） （2）关系：结盟同时保持独立性。（2分） 结盟原因：美国是世界上经济最强大的国家；西欧依靠美国求得安全；西欧的自由依赖 美国而重建。（任意两点，2分）保持独立性原因；欧洲联合实力强大。（2分） （3）表现：东欧剧变，苏联解体。（2分）走向：合作与斗争并存。（2分） （4）因素：国家利益；国家实力；国际局势等。（任意三点，3分） 32.（18分） （1）时间：唐朝。（1分）同：商品经济发展的产物。（1分） 异：中国在统一时期城市出现；欧洲在分裂时期国家及城乡间贸易中产生。 欧洲早期银行具有现代银行特征。（答两点给2分） （2）优势：英国完成工业革命，经济实力增强。（2分） 原因：半殖民地化程度加深。（1分） （3）原因：中国爆发辛亥革命；德国进行工业革命。（2分） 影响：（对外资本输出）促成世界市场最终形成。（1分）特点：国家政策影响；（1分） 作用：有利于金融秩序稳定。（1分） （4）变化：逐步从计划经济过渡到市场经济体制（2分）。 变化：恢复在世界银行的合法席位；（借用资金）；提高话语权。（2分） 影响：促进经济建设发展；提高国际地位。（2分） 33.（20分） (1)特征：①都出现了思想解放运动。②都出现了思想(文化)专制政策。③都出现了反传统(正统)思想的思想家。④都出现了反对君主专制的启蒙思想。(4分) (2)共同：注重人和人类社会；注重人的美德；注重教育(2分，任两点) 目的：以思想文化统一维护统治。(2分) 影响：束缚了思想，阻碍了社会的进步。(2分) (3)主张：李贽——反对以孔子的是非为标准；路德——因信称义。(2分) 相同：封建专制统治；资本主义经济发展；资产阶级力量壮大；思想解放不断深入。(2分，任两点) 不同：西方是在自然科学发展基础上；中国是民族危机不断加深。(4分) (4)认识：都趋向于追求民主；思想解放有利于社会进步。(2分，其它言之有理亦可)

2018年12月英语四级真题(二)

Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studyins should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear aquestion,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. A man was pulled to safety after a building collapse. B)A beam about ten feet long collapsed to the ground. C)A rescue worker got trapped in the basement. D)A deserted 100-year-old building caught fire. He suffered a fatal injury in an accident. C)He was collecting building materials. B)He once served in a fire department. D)He moved into his neighbor's old house. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Improve the maths skills of high school teachers. B)Change British people's negative view of maths. C)Help British people understand their paychecks. D)Launch a campaign to promote maths teaching. Children take maths courses at an earlier age. B)The public sees the value of maths in their life. C)British people know how to do elementary calculations. D)Primary school teachers understand basic maths concepts. Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. He owns a fleet of aircraft. B)He is learning to be a pilot. C)He regards his royal duties as a burden. D)He held a part-time job for over 20 years. He can demonstrate his superior piloting skills. B)He can change his focus of attention and relax. C)He can show his difference from other royalty. D)He can come into closer contact with his people. 7. A)They enjoyed his company. B)They liked him in his uniform. C)Theyrarelyrecognisedhim. D)They were surprised to see him. Section B Duettions:In this section,you will hear tuo long the end of each conttersutton,you wiyrear Jour the conversation and the questions will be spoken only you ,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C and marthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. They were skilled carpenters themselves. C)Wood supply was plentiful in Romania.