虚拟语气课件习题答案及详解

虚拟语气：

1.I ___ the party much more if there hadn't been quite such a crowd of people there.

A. would enjoy

B. will have enjoyed

C. would have enjoyed

D. will be enjoying

解析：答案应该是C。因为if 从句是had +过去分词，是过去情况的虚拟条件句，主句应该用would have +过去分词。

2. Jean doesn't want to work right away because she tinks that if she ___

a job, she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.

A. has to get

B. were to get

C. had got

D. could have got

解析：if后面的句子是虚拟语气，根据句意，Jean现在不想工作，如果她有了工作，就不能经常见到她的朋友了，从句是表示对将来事实的假设，所以应该用表示将来的虚拟形式：were to do sth/should do/did。

3. _______ , he would not have recovered so quickly.

A. Hadn't he been taken good care of

B. Had he not been taken good care of

C. Had not he been taken good care of

D. Had he been not taken good care of

解析：虚拟条件句if可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词not 不前移

4.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _________ our chairman now.

A. must have been

B. would have been

C. were

D. would be

解析：混合型的虚拟语气，主句和从句时间不一致；这时，主句和从句动词要根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。

5. The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it ______ on the way.

A. goes wrong

B. would go wrong

C. went wrong

D. should go wrong

解析：在lest, for fear that, in case, so that引导的副词从句中，谓语多用“should+动词原型”，should可以省略，意为“以防，生怕，唯恐”

6.We could ______ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.

A. provide

B. have provided

C. not provide

D. not have provided 解析：前一分句一般表示过去没有完成的某个动作，是对过去情况的假设，谓语动词多用

could/would have done形式；而后一分句是客观事实，可以根据情况使用一般过去时，过去完成时，或现在完成时。

7.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ your advice.

A. follow

B. had followed

C. would follow

D. have followed

解析：假设现在，if only 用一般过去；假设过去，had +动词过去分词或could have+过去分词；假设将来，would+动词原型；

8.That tree looked as if it _____ for a long time.

A. hasn't watered

B. didn't water

C.hadn't been watered

D. wasn't watered

解析：as though，as if 引导的虚拟语气

假设现在，一般过去；假设过去，had+v-ed; 假设将来，would/should+动词原型

9.But for his courage, the battle ______ .

A. was lost

B. will be lost

C. would lose

D. would have been lost 解析：but for 多出现在句首，后面句子中的谓语动词可以是would/could+动词原型，也可以是would/could have+动词过去分词。

10.The traffic was very heavy; otherwise I ____ here 50 minutes sooner.

A. would be

B. should be

C. had been

D. would have been

11.A safety analysis _____ the target as potential danger. Unfortuately, it was never done.

A. would identify

B. will identify

C. would have identified

D. will have identified

解析：“一次安全隐患分析本来会确认这个目标是潜在的危险。不幸的是，这样的分析从未做过。”这是对过去时间的虚拟，表示过去要做而没有做的事。因而答案选 C. would have identified

11.One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.

A. is heated

B. be heated

C. will be heated

D. would be heated

解析：require that +（should）do：要求……，其中should可以省略。再加上被动语态，所以应该是be heated.

12.If you have really been studying English for so long, it's about time you _____ to write letters in English.

A. should be

B. were

C. must be

D. are

解析：It is （high/about）time +that 从句，从句的谓语需用一般过去式或should +动词原形（should不可省略）

13.That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it's high time we ______ strong actions against him.

A. betrayed, take

B. had betrayed, took

C. has betrayed, took

D. has betrayed, take

解析：this / that was the 序数词time + 句子（谓语动词是过去完成时），第一空应填had betrayed；It is （high/about）time +that 从句，从句的谓语需用一般过去式或should +动词原形（should不可省略）

Exercises

1. It is essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.

A. must be sent

B. would be sent

C. be sent

D. were sent

解析：主语从句，It was essential that +虚拟语气（should do，should可以省略）

2. If the earth ____ spinning, we would all fly off it.

A. had stopped

B. stopped

C. has stopped

D. would stop

解析：主句would+动词原型表示对现在的虚拟，从句用过去式。

3. ____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.

A. Not being

B. Had it not been

C. Without being

D. Not having been

解析：虚拟条件句if可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词not 不前移

4. To be frank, I'd rather you _____ in the case.

A. will not be involved

B. not involved

C. not to be involved

D. were not involved

解析：固定搭配，would rather sb. did...

5. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we ______ him.

A. would have telephoned

B. must have telephoned

C. would telephone

D. had telephoned

6. _____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A. Had they arrived

B. Would they arrive

C. Were they arriving

D. Were they to arrive

解析：虚拟条件句if可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词not 不前移。而且从句表示对将来的虚拟，因此用Were to.

7. If only the committee _____ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.

A. approve

B. will approve

C. can approve

D. would approve

解析：if only ：对过去虚拟，用完成时态。如：If only I had read this book.

对现在虚拟，用过去时态。如：If only you listened to me

对将来虚拟，用would /should/could + 动词原形。

8. "You are selfish. It's high time you _____ that you are not the most important person in the world," Edgar said to his boss angrily.

A. realized

B. have realized

C. realize

D. should realize

解析：It is （high/about）time +that 从句，从句的谓语需用一般过去式或should +动词原形（should不可省略）

9. Some women ___ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

A. must make

B. should have made

C. would make

D. could have made

解析：could＋have done……，but……意为“本来能够做……（但实际没做）”是虚拟语气的一种用法。

10. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ____.

A. be put off

B. was put off

C. should put off

D. is to put off

解析：当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位

语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order，demand，desire，request。

11. ____ for your help, we'd never have been able to get over the difficulties.

A. Had it not

B. If it were not

C. Had it not been

D. If we had not been

解析：虚拟条件句if可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词not 不前移。

12. I didn't send out my application form last week, but I ______.

A. had to

B. would do

C. should have

D. might have to

解析：C这种结构should have done表示过去应该做，但是没有做的事情

13. He might have been killed ___ the arrival of the police.

A. except for

B. but for

C. with

D. For

解析：but for 要不是，若不是全句意思：要不是警察的到来，他本有可能被杀了。

14. ____ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would have not be so thriving as it is.

A. Had it not been

B. Were it not

C. Be it not

D. Should it not be

解析：虚拟条件句if可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词not 不前移。

15. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _____ fully occupied the whole of last week.

A. were

B. had been

C. have been

D. Was

解析：混合式的虚拟语气。would have done表示本来要……，但后面有个明确的时间点为过去时，所以要用过去式。

16. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd of people there.

A. weren't

B. hasn't been

C. hadn't been

D. wouldn't be

解析：虚拟语气，对过去事实相反，主句用would have done ，从句用过去完成时

17. The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _____ after 11:00.

A. not to play loud music

B. shouldn't play loud music

C. don't play loud music

D. couldn't play loud music

解析：在动词suggest, order, demand, request, propose, insist, command等动词后面接宾语从

句时用虚拟语气（should+动词原形或者动词原形）来表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等。本句是request引导的宾语从句，那么从句中应该使用虚拟语气。

18. Had he worked harder, he ____ the exams.

A. must have got through

B. would have got through

C. would get through

D. could get through

19. I'd rather you ___ make any comment on the issue for the time being.

A. don't

B. wouldn't

C. didn't

D. shouldn't

解析：would rather +过去式。

20. It is highly desirable that a new president ____ for this college.

A. appointed

B. be appointed

C. is appointed

D. has been appointed

解析：主语从句，It was highly desirable that +虚拟语气（should do，should可以省略）

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