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(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc

(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc
(完整版)初中英语情态动词讲解练习及答案.doc

情态动词

一、考点、热点回顾

【词汇辨析】

1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time:

sometimes:有“ ”=at times. He is sometimes late for school.

some times:几次“ ”I have been to Nanjing some times.

sometime:某“一刻”I bought it sometime last spring.

We’ ll meet again sometime next week.

some time:一“段”We have to stay here for some time.

2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little

(1)many 修可数名,much 修不可数名;都表示多。例如:

多多牛奶

(2)a few 和 a little 都表示 " 有一点儿 " ,重于肯定,相当于"some" ,但 a few 修可数名,

a little 修不可数名,例如:

He has a few friends in London.

---Would you like some coffee?

---Yes, just a little.

(3)few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 ",重否定。 few 后接可数名,little 后接不可数名。例如:

He is a strange man. He has few words.

Hurry up, there is little time left.

【固定搭配】加 -ing

be busy doing sth.忙于做??eg: Mother is busy cooking.

look forward to + doing sth.期待做??eg: Tom looks forward to seeing his father again.

Thank you for (doing) sth.了?感你eg: Thank you for your help.

have fun doing sth愉快地做某事eg: I had great fun playing in the water.

=have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water.

have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困

eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours.

【情态动词】又叫情助。它具有以下特点:

⑴ 它必与其他用,即:情+原形

表示人所述作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或疑等。

⑵大多数情没有人称和数的化,即第三人称数不加-s

(以 be 和 have 开的情短除外)。

⑶ 在意上,情具有“多性”。

例: can 既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允等意。

⑴表示体力或智力上的能力,即“能,会”,可与be able to。

例: He can speak English. = He is able to speak English.

— Can you play basketball?

— No, I can ’t.

如果表示将来具的能力,要用will be able to。

例: If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem.

⑵表示可,主要用于口,面一般用may。

例:— Can we go home now, please?

— No, you can ’t.

You can only smoke in this room.

You can ’t keep the library books for more than a month.

⑶表示“ 可能”,与 may 同,但一般用在疑句中。

例: What can he possibly want?

在否定句中,否定形式can’t表示推“不大可能”。

例: Anybody can make mistakes.

The news can ’t be true.

与第一、二人称用,可以就可能的解决的方式或可能的行提出建。在里,也可用 could 使气婉。

例: Can / Could we meet again next week?下周我可以再面?

— What shall we do? 我怎么呢?

— We can / could try asking Lucy for help. ——我可以露茜帮忙看。

You can / could help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做。

2.may 的基本用法 :

⑴表示“ 可”,用 can 比口化。

例: You may / can come if you wish.如果你想来,你就来。

You may not pick flowers in this park.本公园内不摘花。

( may not 表示按定不可,如果用mustn’t 表示人不可。)

— May I smoke here? 我可以在里抽烟?

— No, you mustn ’ t不.行。( mustn ’t表示明确的禁止。)

⑵肯定句中表示推,“可能”。

例: It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。

The news may not be true.个消息可能不会是真的。

注意:如果在疑句中表示“可能”,通常用can 。

例: Can it be true?那会是真的?

Who can he be?他究竟是呢?

⑶【注意】:— May I/we ???

— Yes, you may ./— No, you mustn ’t.

3.must 的基本用法 :

You must be here by ten o’ clock.

【注意】:表示“必“ ,must 的否定式needn’t,或 don ’thave to ,而不是 mustn’t。

也就是:— Must I/we do it now ?

— Yes, you must .

— No, you needn ’t/don ’t have to .

例:— Must I go with them?

— No, you.

⑵表示推,一般只用于肯定述句,表示非常肯定。

例: She didn ’t look at me. Shemust be angry.她不朝我看,一定是生气了。

He is good at English. He must know the word.他英好,准知道个。

You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是斯先生吧。

4. have to 的基本用法:

have to 可情,但它与其他情在用法上稍有不同。其他情没有人称和数的化,而 have to 却有

人称和数的化,要主的不同而化。

例: I / You / We / They have to ?.

He / She / It has to ?.

You don ’havet to ?.

Does she have to ??

have to =have got to ,意思是“ 必,不得不”。

和 must 不同之: must 主需要

have to 客需要。

例: Sorry, I have to leave now.不起,在我得走了。

I’ve got to go to a meeting.我得去参加一个会。

Will he have to work deep into the night?他将不得不工作到深夜?

5.need 的基本用法:

need 的基本是“需要”,它既可作情,又可作。

⑴need 用作情,只用于否定句和疑句。它只有一种形式,后接原形。例: I don ’t

believe youneed worry. 我相信你没有必要焦急。

— Need we go so soon? 我需要么早就去?

— Yes, we must . / No, we needn ’t.是的,必。/不,不必。

So I needn ’t tell him, need I?所以我不需要告他,吧?

比以下两句的不同意思:

You needn ’ t buythe coat.你没有必要那件外衣。(你没)

You needn ’ t have boughtthe coat.你没有必要件外衣的。(而你却了)

【注意】:— Need I/we???

—Yes, you must ./— No, you needn ’t/don ’t have to .

⑵need 用作,有、人称和数的化。

如果人作主,一般后接 to 的不定式。即 need to do sth ;如果物作

My watch needs mending /to be mended .我的手表需要修理了。

We don ’ t needto work today.(= We needn ’t work today.)

Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)

6. had better的基本用法:

had bette r 常略作’ d better。代法它是一个助,因它后接不to 的不定式。

had better do sth意思是“最好做某事;是做某事比好”。

例: You ’d betterget some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。

You ’ d better notdo that again.你最好再做那件事。

What had we better do now?我在怎么做才好呢?

Hadn’t we better tell her the truth?我是否最好不告她真相?

【注意】: You’d better ?.表示告或委婉的命令,不宜使用。

7. could, should, would, might表示推:

① . must 多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推,意思“一定、肯定”。

如 : You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.你已辛苦工作一整天了,一定累了。

The book must be his. His name is on the cover.本一定是他的,封面上写着他的名字。

【注意】must 不表推 ,在肯定句中意思“必(内在的) ”,在否定句中意思“不、禁止”,以它开的疑句否定回答常用needn’t或 don’t (doesn ’t) have。to

如:We must obey the traffic rules. 我必遵守交通。

Cars mustn’ t be parked here此.禁停。

— Must we hand in the papers this week? 我必本星期交文?

— No, you needn ’不t,.你不必 ( 本星期交 )。

② . can / could 多用于否定句、疑句或感句中表示推、疑,两者在上没有差。用can

不相信的程度更一些, can’t常常“不可能”。

如 :The man under the tree can’Tomtbe. He’s gone to England.个人不可能是Tom,他已去英国了。

Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy?他被一个五的孩子愚弄了,能是真的 ?

Could this be an excuse? 会不会是个借口?

How can you be so careless! 你怎么粗心!

③ .may / might多用来表示把握性不大的推,意思“也、可能”, might比may的把握性更小一些。may not 在

否定句中常常“可能不”。(注意区分“不可能”与“可能不”在把握性大小上的差异。 ) 如:Mr. Wang may know Professor Li ’s telephoneumbern.王先生也知道李教授的号。

This might be the key Tom has been looking for. 可能就是姆一直在找的匙。

She may not be there today. 今天她可能不在那儿。

二、典型例题【中考链接】

()1.— Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?

— No, it ______ be him. Mr. Li is much taller.

A. mustn’t

B. may no

C. can ’ t

D. needn ’t

()2.— Must I go with them tomorrow ?

()3.— ______ I take some photos in the hall?

— No, you ______.

A. Can, needn ’t

B. M ust, mustn ’ t

C. Could, won ’ t

D. May, mustn ’t()

4.—Dad, must I finish my homework today?

— No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow.

A. needn’ t

B. mustn’ t

C. don ’ t

D. won ’t

()5.— The lake is said to be dry. Is that true?

— It _______.Look, some kids are swimming in it.

A. must be true

B. can’ t be true

C. may not be true

()6.— What is your mother going to do this Saturday?

— I ’ m not sureShe. _____ go to see my grandmother.

A. can

B. must

C. may

()7.— Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.

— It ______ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.

A. must

B. might

C. can ’ t

D. shouldn’ t

()8.— Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall?

— No, it be him. He has gone to Japan.

A. needn’t

B. may not

C. mustn’t

D. can ’t

()9.—Let ’s go to the West Hill Park by taxi.

— Oh, it is not far away from here. We _______take a taxi.

A. couldn’ t

B. mustn’ t

C. needn ’ t

D. can ’t

()10.—Can you play the piano?

— Yes, I _______. I often practice it on weekends.

A. needn’ t

B. need

C. can ’ t

D. can

三、课后练习

一、用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的适当形式填空:

1.You ________________ return the library book on time.

2.I ______________ (not) find the way to the hospital. _______________ you show me the way?

3.— ________________ I finish the work right now?

— No, you ________________ (not). You ____________ do it later.

4.He said he ________________ (not) come tonight.

5.Her mother was ill. She ________________ stay at home and look after her.

6.It ’ s time for class. You ________________ stop playing football or you __________be late for class.

7.We ________________ start right now, or they would get there first.

8.The cloud is lifting, so it ________________ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow.

二、选择填空

()1.— Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?

— Yes, you ________.

A. must

B. can

C. may

D. need

— No, you. You can go back home tomorrow.

A. mustn ’t

B. needn ’t

C. must

()3. The desk is not dirty. You _______clean it.

A. mustn ’t

B. shouldn ’t

C. needn ’ t C. can ’t

()4. — May I watch TV for a while?

— No, you _______. You have to finish your homework first.

A. shouldn’ t

B. needn’ t

C. mustn’ t

D. won ’t

()5.— Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?

— No, it ________be her. She________ to Japan.

A. mustn ’t;has gone

B. mustn ’ t ;has been

C. can ’ t ;has gone

D. can ’ t ;has been ()6. It’s the library! So you________ know shouting is not allowed here.

A. can

B. must

C. need

D. may

()7. Boys and girls, don’t forget your report . It ______ today.

A. can’ t ishfin

B. can’ t be finished

C. should finish

D. should be finished

()8.— Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning.

— No, he ______ ,because he didn’ t know my address.

A. couldn ’t

B. can ’t

C. mustn ’t

D. may not

()9. — Must I mop up the window now?

— No, you________.

A. needn ’t

B. can ’t

C. shouldn ’t

D. mustn ’t

()10. — Is Lucy knocking at the door?

— No. It ________ be Lucy. She is in Japan now.

A. needn’ t

B. must

C. can ’t

()11. — Another cup of coffee?

— No, thanks. I _____ be off. Mary is waiting for me.

A. can

B. may

C. must

D. might

()12. —I ’m a little tired. Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.

— We take a taxi. It’ s not far from here.

A. can’ t

B. mustn’ t

C. couldn’ t

D. needn ’t

()13. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s very dangerous.

A. don ’ t

B. mustn’ t

C. needn ’ t

D. wouldn’t

()14. — Must I finish watering the flowers now?

— No, you________.

A. must

B. won’ t

C. needn ’ t

D. can ’t

()15. —I can ’t give up smoking, doctor.

— For your health, I’ m afraid you ________.

A. may

B. can

C. have to

D. must

()16. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.

A. must

B. can

C. should

D. would

()17. —Our class won the English speaking contest.

()18. — Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?

— I ’ m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He know.

A. can

B. may

C. need

D. shall

()19. — ____________I borrow these magazines?

— Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed.

A. Must

B. Would

C. May

D. Need

()20. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s dangerous.

A. don ’ t

B. needn’ t

C. mustn’ t

D. wouldn’t

典型例题

例 1 答案C分析:表示否定的猜测用can’t。 must 表示推测时,意为“一定”,只能用于肯定句,而must 的否定 must not( mustn't )表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等。

例 2 答案 C 分析:在回答带有must 的问句时,否定式常用need not (= needn't) ,表示“不必”,而不用 must not,因为 must not 表示“不可以”。

例 3 答案D分析:本题第一句是请求对方的允许,需要用May ,其否定式为mustn’t。

例 4 答案 A。对于以情态动词 must 提问的疑问句,否定回答要用“No, 主语 +needn’t,”故由问句中的 must 和答句

中的 No 可选 A 。

例5 答案 B

例6 答案 C

例 7 答案 A 考查情态动词 must 表示肯定的推测。结合关键信息“I never even dream about it.可知题”意为“它肯

定是非常贵的”,故排除 B、 C、D 三项。

例 8 选 D。本题考查 can’t表示否定的推测。四个选项都是情态动词的否定形式,分别意为“不能;不可能”、“千

万不能”、“应该”、“可以;可能”。结合关键信息“He has gone to Japan.可知”“他不可能是约翰教授”应选D。

例9 选 C

例 10 选 D。以 can 引导的一般疑问句再作肯定回答时还是用can。

课后练习

一、 1. must 2. can ’t, Could3. Must, needn ’t, may4. couldn ’t5. had to

二、 1A 2B 3C4 选 C。对于情态动词 may 的一般疑问句的肯定回答为: you mustn ’5C6Bt. 7D8A 9A 6. must, may 7. had better 8. can ’t Yes, you may / can . 否定回答为: No,

10 选 C。考查情态动词can ’t表示推测的用法。 can ’t表示否定的推测; must 表示肯定的推测。由题

意“不可能

是露西,她现在在日本”可知应选 C。

11 选 C。考查情态动词must 的用法。结合关键信息“ Mary is waiting for me. 可知题意”为“我必须离开了”,故排除 A 、B 、 D 三项,选 C。

12 选 D。四个选项都是情态动词的否定式,结合关键信息“ It ’ s not far from here可知. “我们不”必乘出租车”,故排除 A 、 B 、C 三项,选 D。

13 选 B。考查情态动词mustn’t的用法。 mustn ’t意为“一定不能”,由“很危险”可知用 mustn ’t,故选 B。

14 选 C。考查对 must 开头的一般疑问句的回答。以 must 开头的一般疑问句,作否定回答时用情态动词needn ’t,故正确答案为 C。

15 选 C。考查情态动词have to 的用法。 may 意为“可能、或许”, can 意为“能、会”, have to 意为“必须、不得不”,表客观要求,而must 表主观愿望。根据题意“为了健康,你必须戒烟”可选 C。

16 选 B17 选 D

18选 B。考查情态动词 may表示推测。结合前句“ I ’ m not sure. Ask our monitor, please可.知题意为“他”可能知

道(我们将在哪里开班会)”,故选 B。 may表示可能性的推测,常用在肯定句中。

19 选 C

20 选 C

8

(完整)初中英语情态动词练习题及答案

( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. Must 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to 3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. doesn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try 2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may 3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do 3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't 3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It _______ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. A. must B. Need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.

初中英语情态动词讲解

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B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“不可能”,can’t表示推测[答案] A2. could 的用法:(1).can的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。(2). could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗?—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)3. may的用法:(1).表示请求、许可,比can正式,如:May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗?You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3?—Sure . Here you are.A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此处表示请求,意为“做……可以吗”。答案:A(2) .表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。如:It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3) .may的过去式为might,表示推测时。可能性低于may。如:He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。(4) .表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如:May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福!May you succeed!祝你成功!4. must的用法:(1).must表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。如:You must stay here until I come back.

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情态动词 【概念引入】 1)情态动词表示说话人对所做动作的观点或态度。如:需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。 例如:I must go now.我现在必须得走了。 2)情态动词一般没有人称和数的变化,但是个别情态动词有时态的变化。 例如:can的过去式是could。 3)情态动词不能单独作谓语,后接动词原形共同做谓语。 例如:I can swim.我会游泳。 4)常见的情态动词有:can, may, must, have to, should, would等。 5)情态动词一般不止一个意思,它的否定式是在情态动词的后面加not,一般疑问句是将情态动词提到句首。 例如:I can’t speak French.我不会说法语。 Can you speak English?你会说英语吗? 【用法讲解】 1.can的用法。 1)表能力 We can do our homework by ourselves.我们可以自己完成作业。 He can swim well.他游泳很好。 I can play football but I can’t play the piano.我会踢足球但是我不会弹钢琴。 2)表xx You can watch TV after supper.晚饭后你可以看电视。

You can’t play basketball in the street.你不能在街上打篮球。 3)表请求 Can you help me with my math?你能帮我学数学吗? Could you lend your book to me?你能把你的书借给我吗? 注意:could 是can的过去式,但是这里并不表示过去时,而是表示委婉语气。 拓展:can 和be able to的区别 (1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而be able to有多种时态形式。在一般过去时中都表示能够时,两者可以互换。 例如:Mary can play the piano.(一般现在时) xx会弹钢琴。 She could / was able to play the piano when she was five.(一般过去时)她五岁时就会弹琴。 She has been able to play it since she was five.(现在完成时) 她自从五岁起就会弹琴了。 (2)用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was ?were able to则表示“过去设法做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。 例如:He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn’t want to do it that day.他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。 Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。 4)表示“不可能……”

(完整word版)初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解

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