医学专业英语词汇——Combining Form词根词缀

Common Prefixes

Number Prefixes

Common Suffixes

Surgical Suffixes

Procedural Suffixes

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Integumentary System Combining form Meaning Example

adip/o fat adipose

albin/o white albinism

caus/o burn, burning causalgia cutane/o skin subcutaneous derm/o skin epidermis dermat/o skin dermatitis disphor/o profuse sweating diaphoresis hidr/o sweat anhidrosis ichthy/o scaly, dry ichthyosis kerat/o hard, horny tissue keratosis

leuk/o white leukoplakia

lip/o fat lipoma

melan/o black melanocyte myc/o fungus dermatomycosis onych/o nail onycholysis

pil/o hair pilosebaceous rhytid/o wrinkle rhytidoplasty seb/o oil seborrhea

trich/o hair trichomycosis xanth/o yellow xanthoma Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffix Meaning Example

-derma skin scleroderma

-opsy view of biopsy

-plakia a plate leukoplakia

-tome instrument used to cut dermatome

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Musculoskeletal System

Combining form Meaning Example

arthr/o joint arthrocentesis

articul/o joint articulation

burs/o sac bursitis

chondr/o cartilage chondroplasty

cost/o rib costectomy

crani/o skull craniotomy

myel/o bone marrow myelitis

orth/o straight orthopedics

oste/o bone osteoporosis

spondyl/o vertebra,backbone spondylarthritis

thorac/o chest thoracic

vertebr/o vertebra,backbone intervertebral

fasci/o fascia fasciorrhaphy

my/o muscle electromyogram

ten/o tendon tenodynia

tend/o tendon tendotomy

tendin/o tendon tendinitis

Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffix Meaning Example

-kinesia movement dyskinesia

-porosis porous osteoporosis

-trophy development hypertrophy

-malacia abnormal softening osteomalacia Combining form Meaning Example

angi/o vessel angioplasty

aort/o aorta aortic stenosis

arter/o, arteri/o artery arteriosclerosis

ather/o yellowish plaque, fatty substance atherosclerosis

atri/o atrium, upper heart chamber atrioventricular

cardi/o heart cardiomyopathy cholesterol/o cholesterol hypercholesterolemia

corn/o heart coronary arteries cyan/o blue cyanosis

ox/o oxygen hypoxia

pericardi/o pericardium pericardiocentesis phleb/o vein phlebotomy rrhythm/o rhythm arrhythmia sphygm/o pulse sphygmomanometer steth/o chest stethoscope thromb/o clot thrombolysis valvul/o, valv/o valve valvuloplasty

vas/o vessel vasoconstriction vascul/o vessel vascular

ven/o vein venous

ventricul/o ventricle, lower heart chamber ventriculotomy

Meaning Example Prefix

brady- slow bradycardia

tachy- fast tachycardia

Meaning Example Suffix

-manometer Instrument to measure pressure sphygmomanometer -ole small arteriole

-sclerosis hardening arteriosclerosis

-stenosis narrowing angiostenosis

-tension pressure hypotension

-ule small venule

Combining Forms Commonly Used in This System Combining form Meaning Example

adenoid/o adenoids adenoidectomy alveol/o alveolus; air sac alveolar

bronch/o bronchus bronchoscope bronchi/o bronchus bronchiectasis bronchiol/o bronchiole, small bronchiolitis

Bronchus

capn/o carbon dioxide acapnia

epiglott/o epiglottis epiglottitis

laryng/o larynx, voice box laryngospasm

lob/o lobe lobectomy

muc/o mucus mucus

nas/o nose nasopharynx

ox/o oxygen anoxia

pharyng/o pharynx pharyngeal tonsils pleur/o pleura pleurocentesis pneum/o air, lung pneumothorax pneumon/o

pulmon/o lung pulmonology

rhin/o nose rhinorrhagia

sinus/o sinus, cavity pansinusitis

spir/o breathing spirometer

tonsill/o tonsils tonsillectomy trache/o trachea, windpipe tracheotomy

thorac/o chest thoracalgia Suffixes Commonly Used in This System

Suffixes Meaning Example

-capnia carbon dioxide hypercapnia

-ectasis stretching out, dilatation, bronchiectasis

expansion

-emia blood condition hypoxemia

-oxia oxygen anoxia

-pnea breathing dyspnea

Chapter 7 Digestive system

Combining forms relating to the digestive system

Combining forms Meaning Example

an/o anus anus

append/o, appendic/o appendix appendectomy bucc/o cheek buccolabial

cec/o cecum ileocecal

cheil/o, labi/o lip cheilorrhaphy chol/e bile, gall cholelithiasis cholangi/o bile duct cholangiotomy cholecyst/o gallbladder cholecystogram choledoch/o common bile duct choledochectomy col/o, colon/o colon colectomy

dent/o, odont/o tooth orthodontics enter/o small intestine enteritis

gastr/o stomach gastrodynia gingiv/o gums gingivectomy gloss/o tongue hypoglossal hepat/o liver hepatitis

lapar/o abdomen laparotomy lingu/o tongue sublingual

lith/o stone lithotripsy

or/o mouth oropharynx palat/o palate palatine pancreat/o pancreas pancreatitis pharyng/o pharynx pharyngodynia proct/o anus and rectum proctoptosis

rect/o rectum rectalgia

sial/o salivary gland sialolith

stomat/o mouth stomatology

Suffixes relating to the digestive system

Suffix Meaning Example

-emisis vomit hematemesis

-lithiasis condition of stones cholelithiasis

-orexia appetite anorexia

-ostomy surgically creating an opening colostomy

-pepsia digestion dyspepsia

-phagia eat, swallow polyphagia

-prandial pertaing to a meal postprandial

-tripsy surgical crushing lithotripsy

Chapter 8 Urinary System

Combining form albumin/o

azot/o

cyst/o

glomerul/o glycos/o

lith/o

meat/o

nephr/o

noct/i

pyel/o

ren/o

ur/o

ureter/o

urethr/o

urin/o

vesic/o Meaning

albumin

nitrogen

bladder

glomerulus

sugar, glucose

stone

meatus

kidney

night

renal pelvis

kidney

urine

ureter, urinary tube

urethra

urine

bladder

Example

albuminuria

azotemia

cystitis

glomerulonephritis

glycosuria

lithotripsy

meatorrhaphy

nephromalacia

nocturia

pyelogram

renal transplant

uremia

ureterectasia

urethrostenosis

urinalysis

vesicorectal

Suffix Meaning Example

-lith stone nephrolith -ptosis drooping nephroptosis -tripsy surgical crushing lithotripsy -uria urine, urination hematuria

Chapter 9 Reproductive System Combining Forms Relating to the Reproductive System

Chapter 10 Endocrine System Word Building Relating to the Endocrine System

Chapter 11 Nervous System

Combining Forms Commonly Used in Nervous System

Combining Form Meaning Example

cephal/o head cephalalgia

cerebell/o cerebellum cerebellar cerebellitiis cerebr/o cerebrum cerebral cerebrospinal encephal/o brain encephalomalacia

gli/o glue glioneuroma

medull/o medulla medulloadrenal mening/o meninges meningitis

myelomeningocele meningi/o meninges meningioma

myel/o spinal cord poliomyelitis

narc/o stupor narcohypnosis

neur/o nerve neurectomy neuroma phas/o speech aphasia

poli/o gray matter polioencephalopathy pont/o pons pontocerebellar radicul/o nerve root radiculoneuritis thalam/o thalamus thalamocortical ventricul/o ventricle ventriculography Suffixes Commonly Used in Nervous System

Suffix Meaning Example

-algesia sensitivity to pain analgesia

-esthesia feeling, sensation anesthesia

-kinesia movement bradykinesia

-lepsy seizure narcolepsy

-paresis weakness hemiparesis

-phasia speech dysphasia

-plegia paralysis paraplegia

-sthenia strength myasthenia

-taxia muscle coordination ataxia

Chapter 12 Blood and the Lymphatic And Immune System Blood System

Combining form Meaning Example

agglutin/o clumping agglutinogenic chrom/o color chromosome coagul/o clotting anticoagulant erythr/o red erythroblastosis fibrin/o fibers, fibrous fibrinogen granul/o granules granulocytosis hem/o blood hemolysis hemat/o blood hematopoiesis leuk/o white leukemia morph/o shape morphology myel/o bone marrow myelomalacia phag/o eat, swallow phagocyte sanguin/o blood sanguinous thromb/o clot thrombosis Lymphatic and Immune System

Combining form Meaning Example

aden/o gland adenoma immun/o protection immunoglobulin lymph/o lymph lymphatic lymphaden/o lymph node lymphadenopathy lymphangi/o lymph vessel lymphangiogram splen/o spleen splenomegaly thym/o thymus thymectomy tonsill/o tonsils tonsillectomy

tox/o poison toxonosis Suffixes Commonly Used in Blood and Lymphatic and Immune System Blood System

Suffix Meaning Example

-apheresis removal, carry away plasmapheresis -cyte cell erythrocyte

erythrocytosis

-cytosis more than the normal

number of cells

-emia blood condition leukemia

-globin protein hemoglobin

hematocytopenia -penia abnormal decrease, too

few

-poiesis formation hematopoiesis

-stasis standing still hemostasis Lymphatic and Immune System

Suffix Meaning Example

-globulin protein immunoglobulin -phage eat, swallow macrophage

(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案

Chapter 1 Passage 1 Human Body In this passage you will learn: 1. Classification of organ systems 2. Structure and function of each organ system 3. Associated medical terms To understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc. 了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。 Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article. 解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。本文描绘并阐述了各系统的主要部分。 The skeletal system is made of bones, joints between bones, and cartilage. Its function is to provide support and protection for the soft tissues and the organs of the body and to provide points of attachment for the muscles that move the body. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton. They have various shapes - long, short, cube - shaped, flat, and irregular. Many of the long bones have an interior space that is filled with bone marrow, where blood cells are made. 骨骼系统由骨、关节以及软骨组成。它对软组织及人体器官起到支持和保护作用，并牵动骨胳肌，引起各种运动。人体有206根骨头。骨形态不一，有长的、短、立方的、扁的及不规则的。许多长骨里有一个内层间隙，里面充填着骨髓，这即是血细胞的制造场所。 A joint is where bones are joined together. The connection can be so close that no movement is possible, as is the case in the skull. Other kinds of joints permit movement: either back and forth in one plane - as with the hinge joint of the elbow - or movement around a single axis - as with the pivot joint that permits the head to rotate. A wide range of movement is possible when the ball - shaped end of one bone fits into a socket at the end of another bone, as they do in the shoulder and hip joints. 关节把骨与骨连接起来。颅骨不能运动，是由于骨与骨之间的连接太紧密。但其它的关节可允许活动，如一个平面上的前后屈伸运动，如肘关节；或是绕轴心旋转运动，如枢轴点允许头部转动。如果一根骨的球形末端插入另一根骨的臼槽里，大辐度的运动（如肩关节、髋关节）即成为可能。 Cartilage is a more flexible material than bone. It serves as a protective, cushioning layer where bones come together. It also connects the ribs to the breastbone and provides a structural base for the nose and the external ear. An infant's skeleton is made of cartilage that is gradually replaced by bone as the infant grows into an adult. 软骨是一种比一般骨更具韧性的物质。它是骨连结的保护、缓冲层。它把肋骨与胸骨连结起来，也是鼻腔与内耳的结构基础。一个婴儿的骨骼就是由软骨组成，然后不断生长、

医学专业英语单词

Chaper 1 psychoanalysis n. 精神分析brain n. 脑 intestine n.肠inflammation n.炎症endoscope n.内镜pancreas n.胰腺psychology n.心理学electrocardiogram n.心电图enteritis n.肠炎tumor n.肿瘤 muscle n.肌肉organ n.器官 abdomen n.腹（部）organism n.有机体，生物体surgeon n.外科医生surgery n.外科（学）malignant a.恶性的immune n.免疫 tissue n.组织molecule n.分子，微小颗粒urine n.尿液stool n.大便，粪便vertebra n.椎骨formula n.处方 cortex n.皮质，皮层appendix n.阑尾 thorax n.胸larynx n. 喉 pharynx n.咽 Chapter 2 kidney n.肾脏receptor n.感受器，受体chromosome n.染色体embryo n.胚胎 gene n.基因catabolism n.分解代谢

anabolism n.合成代谢infection n.感染puncture n.穿刺fat n.脂肪 spine n.脊柱exocrine a.外分泌的cartilage n.软骨spleen n.脾脏gallbladder n.胆囊digestive system 消化系统urinary a.泌尿的respiratory a.呼吸的uterus n.子宫skull n.头颅，头骨pelvic cavity 盆腔trachea n.气管esophagus n.食管bronchial tube 支气管aorta n.主动脉diaphragm n.横膈膜pleura（复，pleurae）n.胸膜urinary bladder 膀胱rectum n.直肠cartilage n.软骨umbilicus n.脐ovary n.卵巢 inferior a.下面的superior a.上面的skeletal muscle 骨骼肌striated muscle 横纹肌 Chapter 3 capillary n.毛细血管artery n.动脉chamber n.腔，小室atrium n.心房ventricle n.室，脑室，心室valve n.瓣膜 mitral a.僧帽状的，二尖瓣的breastbone n.胸骨

医学英语词汇

第一章医学英语词汇 医学领域涉及的科学和专业广泛，不仅包括基础医学和临床医学的诸多学科，还涉及化学和物理两大基础学科领域，甚至社会科学领域中的诸多学科和专业。因此，医学英语词汇数量庞大，其词汇量高达数十万。同时，由于医学专业的历史渊源，医学英语词汇大多含有希腊语和拉丁语成分，一些医学英语单词显得古怪而陌生，单词结构长而复杂。但就其构词法上基本遵循普通英语单词的构词规律，也往往由前缀、词根、后缀组成，虽然具有其自身的特点，也是可以找到规律的。因此，医学英语词汇构词法，理解与掌握单词尤其是组合词构成的基本知识，牢记必要的基本词素，就能找到掌握医学英语词汇的捷径。 第一节医学英语词汇的结构 一、医学词素 一般认为，词是语言中可独立使用表达意思的最小单位。但是，从结构方面来看时，词并不是最小的语言单位，许多单词可以细分为更小的，同时也是具有意义的单位.这些最小的有意义的单位就是词素。 医学词素（morpheme）是医学语词的组成部分，是医学英语中语音和语义的最小结合体。一个医学语词可以由一个词素构成，也可以由两个或两个以上的词素构成。从语义方面来看，医学词素有两种类型。一种医学词素含有明确的词汇意义，表达单词的主要意义，这类词素称为词根。例如，orth(o)－（正常的）、plasma（血浆）、reticul(o)-（网状）等。其中，plasma可以单独使用，这类词根称为自由词根。另外两个不能单独使用，是黏着词根，这类词根必须与其他词素结合使用。还有一类医学词素是词缀。词缀也有两种，一种屈折词缀只有语法意义而没有词汇的意义（如表示名词复数-s）；另一咱派生词缀有一定的词汇意义，但只表达单词的次要意义。 二、医学词根 医学词根（root）是医学语词的基本形式，承载着医学语词的核心意义。一般认为，词根是同根词共有的、可以辨认的部分，也就是说，词根可以在不同的单词里出现，但它的基本形式和含义相同。例如，erythroblast（成红细胞）、erythrocatalysis（红细胞溶解）、erythroclasis（红细胞破碎）和erythrocytopenia（红细胞减少）都有一个共同的词根“erythr(o)-”（红的）。这一词根在不同的语词里出现，但形式没有什么变化，含义也相同。

很齐全的医学专业英语词根

Suffix Meaning Example -ac pertaining to 属于，关于 cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的 -al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine -ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule 分子的 -ary pertaining to belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的 -ase enzyme 酶 amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶 -cle smallness 小,少,贫乏,小气 follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊 -e an instrument 仪器 auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵用的)耳镜 -eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx 喉的, 喉音的 -ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕 -ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin 有毒的；因中毒引起的 -ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学 -ine/in substance 物质 insulin ：substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas 胰岛素 -ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes addictive 酒精中毒 -ist one who specializes in 精通于……的人 pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drugs 药理专家 -itis inflammation refers to a part i n ……部位的炎症 rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎 -(i)um relation to a whole; related to 与……相关 endometrium: inner lining of the uter 子宫内膜

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇 骨科ORTHOPEDICS 1、概论INTRODUCTION *fracture n.骨折 pathological fracture 病理骨折 fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折 *open fracture 开放骨折 close fracture 闭合骨折 *comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折 compressed fracture 压缩骨折 shock n.休克 *deformity n.畸形 tenderness n.压痛 swelling n.肿胀 ecchymosis n.瘀斑 obstacle n.功能障碍 *bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染 spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤 surrounding nerve 周围神经 *fat embolism 脂肪栓塞 bedsore n.褥疮

arthroclisis n.关节僵硬 ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死 ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩 *traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎 hematoma n.血肿 *callus n.骨痂 heal n.愈合 *synovitis n.滑膜炎 *ligament n.韧带 *tendon n.肌腱 * pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎 *reduction n.复位 *bone traction 骨牵引 *osteoporosis n.骨质疏松 2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨 *humerus n.肱骨 *rotation n.旋转 supracondyle n.髁上 blister n.水疱 pulsate n.搏动 thrombus n.血栓

医学英语词根词头

cardiac adj. 心脏的 cardiomyopathy n. 心肌病 cardiovascular adj. 心血管的 cardiology n.心脏病学 myocarditis n.心肌炎 electrocardiogram n. 心电图 人体部位 English Latin (拉丁语) Greek （希腊语）静脉 vein veno- phlebo- 胸 chest pecto- thoraco- 腹 belly abdomino- ventro- 脊柱 backbone spino- spondylo- 脑 brain cerebro- encephalo- 头 head capito- cephalo- 心 heart cordi- cardio- 手 hand mano-/manu- cheiro- 血管 vessel vaso- angio- 1.adren/o: adrenal gland(肾上腺) adrenal -al, pertaining to, 肾上腺的 adrenaline -lin/line, substance,肾上腺素 adrenalitis -itis, inflammation,肾上腺素的 2. –ar: pertaining to 与……有关的 vascular vascul/o, blood vessel. 血管的 cellular 细胞的 Molecular 分子的，由分子组成的 3. bi/o: life 生命，生物 Biomedical 生物化学的 biology -logy, the study of, 生物，生物学 bio physical 生物物理学 4. chrom/o, chromomat: color 颜色 chromosomes -somes, bodies, 染色体 chromatin -in, substance, 核染色质 5. crin/o: secrete 分泌 endocrinology 内分泌学 crinogenic gen/o+ic, pertaining to the production, 促分泌的 crinology 分泌学 6. –cyte: cell 细胞 erythrocyte erythr/o, red, 红细胞 leukocyte leuk/o, white, 白细胞 lymphocyte lymph/o, lymph(淋巴) 淋巴细胞 7. cyt/: cell 细胞 cytology 细胞学 cytochemistry 细胞化学 cytobiology 细胞生物学 8. embry/o: embryo (胚胎)

医学专业英语翻译

医学专业英语翻译 医学专业英语翻译如下： portable electric dental engine 轻便电动钻牙机，轻便牙钻portable hearing aid 袖珍助听器 portable microtome 手提式切片机 portable monitor 手提式监护仪 portable obstetric table 轻便产床 portable operating table 轻便手术台 portable photoelectric colorimeter 便携式光电比色计 portable suction unit 便携式吸引器 portable testing set 便携式测试仪器 portable typewriter 手提式打字机 portable X-ray machine 手提式X 光机 portacid 移酸滴管，滴酸器 portal 门，入门 portal venography 门静脉造影术 port B/L 港口提单 portcaustic 腐蚀药把持器 porte 柄 porte-acid 移酸滴管，滴酸器

porte-aiguille 持针器 porte-caustique 腐蚀药把持器 porte-ligature 深部结扎器，缚线把持器porte-meche 填塞条器 porte-noeud 瘤蒂结扎器 porte-polisher 握柄磨光器 porterage 搬运费 portial impression trays 局部牙托portion 部分，段，份 portligature 深部结扎器，缚线把线器port of arrival 到达港 port of delivery 交货港 port of departure 出发港 port of destination 到达港目的港 port of discharge 卸货港 portogram 门静脉造影片 portoraphy 门静脉造影术portovenogram 门静脉造影片 posion 阴离子，阳向离子 position 位置，状态 positioner 定位器（牙），位置控制器

医学英语翻译常用专业词汇

这里汇聚了中西医学行业的大部分英语词汇和详细解说，如果要查询相关词汇，你可以点此word 文档工具栏的“编辑”，找到“查找”，然后点开输入你要查询的词汇就可以查询了。 西医篇： 1、医院部门及科室名称 2、医务人员名称 3、诊断和治疗常用词汇 4、常见疾病名称 5、常见手术名称 6、常用药物名称 7、常用护理术语 8、常用临床医学术语 9、医疗器材 10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀 11、主要人体系统名称 12、医院类型名称 13、医学词汇 14、医学常用字首与字根 1.医院部门及科室名称 out-patient department 门诊部 In-patient department 住院部 Nursing department 护理部 Admission office 住院处 Discharge office 出院处 Registration office 挂号处 Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室 Consultation room 诊察室 Isolation room 隔离室 Delivery room 分娩室 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房室 Department of internal medicine 内科 Department of surgery 外科 Department of pediatrics 儿科 Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科 Department of neurology 神经科 Department of ophtalmology 眼科 E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科 Department of stomatology 口腔科 Department of urology 泌尿科 Department of orthopedic 骨科 Department of traumatology 创伤科 Department of endocrinology 内分泌科

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cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质(浆)cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone;

医学专业英语 阅读一分册 第二章

Human Diseases The brief survey of the human body in Chapter One has given us a glimpse into two different studies that are considered the fundamentals of medical sciences, namely anatomy and physiology. However, the picture is not complete without considering pathology, the science that deals with the structural and functional changes produced by the disease. In fact, the modern approach to the study of disorder emphasizes the close relationship of the pathological and physiological aspects and the need to understand the fundamentals of each in treating any body diseases. 第一章中，通过对人体的概论，即解剖学与生理学，我们对两种被认为是医学基础的不同学科有了一个大致的印象。然而如果我们不考虑病理学，这门涉及由疾病带来的结构和功能变化的学科，上述的人体概论就不是完整的。实际上，现代对疾病的研究方法强调了病理学与生理学方面的密切关系，强调了我们在治疗任何人体疾病方面需要了解病理学与生理学基础的重要性。 Then what is a disease? It may be defined as a condition that impairs the proper function of the body or of one of its parts. Every living thing, both plants and animals, can succumb to disease. People, for example, are often infected by tiny bacteria, but bacteria, in turn, can be infected by even more minute viruses. 那么什么是疾病呢？它可能被定义为正常的功能或是部分功能遭受损害时的一种状态。每一种生物、植物和动物，都会受制于疾病。例如，人类常常被微小的细菌所感染，但是，反过来说，细菌又能够被甚至更加微小的病毒所感染。 Hundreds of different diseases exist. Each has its own particular set of symptoms and signs, clues that enable a physician to diagnose the problem. A symptom is something a patient can detect, such as fever, bleeding, or pain. A sign is something a doctor can detect, such as a swollen blood vessel or an enlarged internal body organ. 许多种疾病存在于世。每一种都有其特定的症状、征兆和线索，医生能以此诊断疾病之所在。症状是病人自己就能觉察到的，比如，高烧、流血，或是疼痛。而征兆则是医生能够观察到的，比如，血管扩张或是体内器官肿大。 Diseases can be classified differently. For instance, an epidemic disease is one that strikes many persons in a community. When it strikes the same region year after year it is an endemic disease. An acute disease has a quick onset and runs a short course. An acute heart attack, for example, often hits without warning and can be quickly fatal. A chronic disease has a slow onset and runs a sometimes years-long course. The gradual onset and long course of rheumatic fever makes it a chronic ailment. Between the acute and chronic, another type is called subacute. 疾病可以划分为不同的种类，例如，流行病是一种在某一社区内侵袭许多人的疾病。当它年复一年地袭击同一社区，就成了一种地方病。急性病发作快，但病程短，举个例子来说，急性心脏病发作常常没有前兆，而且会很快致命。慢性病发作则慢，但病程有时会长达几年之久。风湿热正是由于发病慢、病程长而成为一种慢性失调病（慢性病）。而介于急性与慢性之间的另一种类型，就被称为亚急性。 Diseases can also be classified by their causative agents. For instance, an infectious, or communicable, disease is the one that can be passed between persons such as by means of

医学专业英语的重点单词终结版

文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. 医学专业英语的重点单词终结版 Human Body 1.anatomy(解剖学) 2.embryology(胚胎学) 3.histology(组织学) 4.hematology(血液学) 5.immunology(免疫学) 6.biology(生物学) 7.cytology(细胞学) 8.physiology(生理学) 9.endocrinology（内分泌学） 10.psychology(心理学) 11.skeletal system(骨骼系统) 12.muscular system (肌肉系统) 13.circulatory system (循环系统) 14.respiratory system(呼吸系统) 15.urinary system (泌尿系统) 16. endocrine system(内分泌系统) 17.reproductive system(生殖系统) 18.principal (重要的) 19.joint(关节) 20.cartilage(软骨) 21.bone marrow（骨髓） 22.cube-shaped(立方的) 23.interior（内部的） 24.external (外部的) 25.hinge joint(结合点) 26.pivot joint (区轴点) 27.socket (臼槽) 28.skull (颅骨) 29.elbow (肘部) 30.breast（胸部）31.hip joints (髂关节) 32.cushioning（缓冲） 33.striated muscles（条纹肌） 34.smooth muscles（平滑肌） 35.voluntary muscles(随意肌) 36.function (功能) 37.nourishment（营养） 38.nutrient（营养素） 39.blood vessel（血管） 40.cardiovascular system (心血管系统) 41.artery（动脉） 42.capillary（毛细血管） 43.vein （静脉） 44.lymphatic system（淋巴系统） 45.lymph vessel (淋巴管) 46.lymph nodes(淋巴结) 47.spleen（脾） 48.expel（排除） 49.carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) 50.oxygen （氧气） https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5a1997728.html,rynx，throat（喉管） 52.windpipe、trachea(气管) 53.esophagus(食管) 54.exhale（呼出） 55.molecule（分子） 56.saliva(唾液) 57.enzyme（酶） 58.kidney（肾） 59.urine（尿液） 60.ureter（输尿管） 61.urethra（尿道） 62.bile(胆汁) 63.gallbladder (胆囊) 64.sodium（钠） 65.potassium(钾) 66.bladder（膀胱） 67.pancreas（胰腺） 68.hormone（激素） 69.pituitary(脑垂体) 70.thyroid(甲状腺) 71.adrenal gland (肾上腺) 72.cortisone(可的松) 73.adrenaline(肾上腺素) 74.insulin（胰岛素） 75.glucagon(胰高血糖素) 76.collar bone（锁骨） 77.spinal column(脊柱) 78.spinal cord （脊髓） 79.sperm(精子) 80.ovum （卵子） 81.testis，testes(睾丸) 82.ovary（卵巢） 83.testosterone (睾酮) 84.progesterone（孕酮） 85.estrogen（雌激素） 86.tactile（触觉的） 87.accessory (附属的) 88.pharynx(咽) Human disease 1.pathology (病理学) 2.pathogen（病原体） 3.fungi(真菌) fungus(s.) 4.bacteria(细菌) bacterium(s.) 5.virus(病毒) viruses(pl.) 6.diagnose（诊断） 7.paralysis（瘫痪, 麻痹） 8.symptom（症状） 9.sign（体征） 10.symptomatic（有症状的） 11.asymptomatic（无症状的） 12.acute disease（急性病） 13.chronic disease（慢性病） 14.subacute disease（亚急性病） 15.fatal（致命的） 16.rheumatic fever（风湿热) 17.subarachnoid（蛛网膜下的）18.epidemic disease（传染病） 19.endemic disease（地方病） 20.airborne droplets（空气传播的） 21.apnea（呼吸暂停） 22.atonia（张力缺乏） 23.degeneration（退化） 24.Stomatitis（口腔炎） 25.prolapse（直肠、子宫等脱垂脱出） 26.malfunction（功能失调） 27.obesity（肥胖） 28.malnutrition（营养不良的） 29.hereditary（遗传） 30.mental retardation(智力发育迟缓的) 31.venereal disease（花柳病） 32.hepatitis（肝炎） 33.colitis（结肠炎） 34.cholera（霍乱） 35.typhoid fever（伤寒） 36.boils（疥） 37.pimples（小脓包) 38.pus（脓） 39.abscess（脓肿） 40.armpit（腋窝） 41.blood poisoning/sepsis(败血症) 42.phagocyte（吞噬细胞） 43.antigen（抗原） 44.antibody（抗体） 45.immunoglobulin(免疫球蛋白) 46.opsonization（调理作用） https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5a1997728.html,plement（补体） 48.negative feedback control（负反 馈调节） The Digestive System 1.gastrointestinal tract (胃肠道) 2.ingestion(摄入) 3.absorption（吸收） 4.digestive(消化) 5.elimination(排泄) 6.oral cavity/buccal cavity（口腔）

中医学英文词汇对应

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