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高中英语非谓语动词用法详解及练习含答案详解

非谓语动词

非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式

动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。

（一）动词不定式：动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。

语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如：

（1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other.

（2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up 所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middl e school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。

（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street.

（5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way.

（6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.

（7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），

但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示“足能”的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语，如：It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等，如：It is very kind of you to help him every day.

4、疑问词+ 动词不定式：疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语，如：How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

5、动词不定式的否定式：动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成，如：It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting.

6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系：

（1）一般式：动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，但在多数情况下，是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生，如：We decided to plant more trees this spring.（其后），They often watch us play table tennis.（同时）；

（2）完成式：动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，如：I am sorry to have kept you waiting.

（3）进行式：动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中，而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，如：She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.

7、动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如：What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.

非谓语动词（二）——动词-ing形式

（二）-ing形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。

1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：

2、-ing形式的基本用法。

（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.

（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.

（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon ④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again

（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.

（5）作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。

（6）作状语：①时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. ②原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.

3、主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。主动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.

4、被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours.

5、被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.

6、-ing形式的复合结构。在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peter’s (or Peter)going there first.

7、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.

8、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.

9、-ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel 等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。I hear her sing in the room.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。

10、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside.

非谓语动词（三）——过去分词

( 三）过去分词：

1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：

（1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：The stolen

car was found by the police last week.

（2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等。

（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找别人）把我的自行车给修了。

（4）作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语，是过去分词所表示意义的逻辑宾语。为了使作状语的过去分词意义更加明确，常在分词前加when, if, while, though, as等连词，如：Seen from the hill/ When seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.; Given more time/ If given more time, we could have done it better.（we是该结构的逻辑主语，是give的逻辑宾语。）

独立主格：上述-ing和过去分词的用法中，-ing和过去分词在句中均有逻辑主语，但有时它们也能有自己的独立的主语，这种独立的主语，一般为名词或代词，位于其前之前，和-ing或过去分词构成独立主格。独立主格在句中一般只作状语用，而-ing和过去分词作用的形式，则要根据它们所表示的动作和句中谓语动词所表示的时间关系而定。至于独立主格中是使用-ing或是过去分词，则要根据它们的主语和其所表示的动作的主动被动关系而定，如：The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. 注：The work having been finished, she sat down to have a rest. ①独立结构中的being或having been常可省去，如：The meeting (being) over, all left the room. ②作伴随状语的独立结构常可用with短语来代替，如：She read the letter, tears rolling down her cheeks./ She read the letter with tears rolling down her cheeks.

2、-ing形式与过去分词的区别：

（1）语态不同：-ing形式表示主动概念，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说；the inspired audience受鼓舞的听众。

（2）时间关系不同：现在分词所表示的动作一般是正在进行中的动作，而过去分词所表示的动作，往往是已经完成的动作，如：The changing world正在发生的世界；the changed world已经起了变化的世界。

易错易混点

1．疑问词＋动词不定式：疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语，如：How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

2．动词不定式的否定式：由not ＋动词不定式构成.

3．形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。

v．-ing形式：表示抽象或泛指的动作。

不定式：表示具体某一次的动作。

She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.

4．形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。

v．-ing形式：动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

不定式：动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后。

eg. The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.

I have three letters to write.

5．形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。

(1)不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，

如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.

(2)在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，

如：I hear her singing in the room. 我听见她正在屋里唱歌。

I hear her sing in the room. 我听见她在屋里唱过歌。

6．形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。

v．-ing形式：表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况。

不定式：作目的或结果状语。

7．形式与过去分词的区别：

(1)语态不同：形式表示主动概念，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。

an inspiring speech鼓舞人心的演说；the inspired audience受鼓舞的听众

(2)时间关系不同：现在分词所表示的动作一般是正在进行中的动作，而过去分词所表示的动作，往往是已经完成的动作，如：

the changing world正在变化的世界the changed world已经变化了的世界

8．独立主格结构：有时和过去分词在句中也有自己的独立的主语，这种独立的主语一般为名词或代词，和还有过去分词构成独立主格结构。该结构在句中一般只作状语。独立主格中是使用还是过去分词，则要根据它们的主语和其所表示的动作的主动或被动关系来定，如：The bell ringing, we all stopped talking.

注意：①独立结构中的being或having been常可省去，如：

The meeting_(being)_over, all left the room.

②作伴随状语的独立结构常可用with短语来代替，如：

She read the letter, tears rolling down her cheeks.

＝She read the letter with tears rolling down her cheeks.

非谓语的解题步骤或思路

（1）先判断空格部分所需的是主句，从句还是非谓语动词。

独立的句子，从句或非谓语

独立的句子加句号，分号或破折号的话，后再加一个独立的句子。

独立的句子，（逗号）有and,but, so 等词加独立的句子。

（2）再根据主句的主语，来判断主动或被动；

（3）接下来再判断时态，

（4）如果是否定的话，not一定要放在非谓语的前面

（5）一定不要忘记主语一致的原则，如果不一致的话，要把非谓语的独立主语加上。

非谓语常见的位置，或在句子中所担当的成分

（1）非谓语动词短语，+ 主句或者是主句，非谓语动词短语

这时的非谓语动词短语起到状语的作用

例如：influenced by the growing interest in nature, more people enjoy outdaoor activities.

在这种情况下，首先,找出主句的主语，然后以主句的主语为出发点，来判断非谓语动词是主动还是被动，如果已有的非谓语动词的主语和主句主语不一致，还要考虑独立主格结构，也就是把非谓语动词的自己的主语加上去：

例如：All flights having been cancelled , they decided to take the train. 其次,把非谓语动词和主句的动词比较，看是否同时发生还是有明显的先后。

（2）跟在介词，动词或某些形容词的后面固定搭配

只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免put off 推迟keep 保持consider 考虑delay/ postpone 耽搁dislike 嫌恶resist 抵制mention 提及enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅

practice 练习mind介意fancy想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成risk 冒险include 包括forgive 原谅give up 放弃suggest 建议miss 逃过imagine 想象can’t help 情不自禁involve 需要can’t stand 无法忍受understand 理解常见的带介词to的短语：be used to 习惯be related to 与……有关get down to 着手做contribute to 贡献put one’s mind to 全神贯注于give rise to 引起be equal to 胜任devote oneself to 献身于lead to 导致be opposed to 反对look forward to 盼望object to 反对stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意

（3）介词后一定要加动词的-ing 形式；

（4）跟在名词后面做定语时，一般不用having done/ having been done 结构

（5）放在句首做主语，一般用动词的ing 和to do …

特殊的非谓语短语Generally speaking 一般来说Considering …. 考虑到，鉴于Time/weather permitting 时间、天气允许的话Taking …into account 考虑到Taking …into consideration 考虑到Provided …假如Providing…假如Suppose…假如Supposing…假如Judging from/ by…根据…判断Given sth 假如，如果；鉴于，考虑到Given that…假如，如果；鉴于，考虑到including sth (sth included)包括某事

非谓语动词基础练习

1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be

putting C. to put D. putting

2. When you’re learning to drive, _______ a good teacher makes a big difference.

A. have

B. having

C. and have

D. and having

3. I felt it a great honor ______ to speak to you.

A. to ask

B. asking

C. to be asked

D. having asked

4. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

A. to go

B. to have gone

C. going

D. having gone

5. Before you decide to leave your job, _______ the effect it will have on your family.

A. consider

B. considering

C. to consider

D. considered

6. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.

A. to have studied

B. to study

C. to be studying

D. to have been studying

7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.

A. it what to do with

B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it

D. to do what with it

8. Anyone _______ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.

A. seen carry

B. seen carrying

C. saw to carry

D. saw carrying

9. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children. A. set up B.

setting up C. have set up D. having set up

10. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.

A. the thief having caught

B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught

D. the thief to be caught

11. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.

A. visit

B. paying a visit

C. walk in

D. walking in

12. To test eggs, _______ them in a bowl of water: if th ey float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.

A. put

B. putting

C. to put

D. to be putting

13. “Where is David” “He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.”

A. to get

B. getting

C. to be getting

D. having got

14. “Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day” “________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.”

A. Get

B. Getting

C. To get

D. to be getting

15. He was reading his book, completely _______ to the world.

A. lost

B. losing

C. to lose

D. to have lost

16. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _______.

A. to find

B. to have found

C. to be found

D. being found

17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.

A. not to

B. not to do

C. not do it

D. do not do

18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.

A. smoke

B. smoking

C. to smoke

D. smoked

19. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searching thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman for help

20. “How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers” “The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.”

A. to solving, making

B. to solving, made

C. to solve, making

D. to solve, made

21. “What do you think made Mary so upset” “_______ her new bike.”

A. As she lost

B. Lost

C. Losing

D. Because of losing

22. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

23. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked

B. lacking of

C. lacking

D. lacked in

24. Tony was very unhappy for _______ to the party.

A. having not been invited

B. not having invited

C. having not invited

D. not having been invited

25. Though I have often heard this song _______. I have never heard you _______ it.

A. being sung, sang

B. sang, singing

C. sung, sing

D. to be sung, to sing

非谓语动词提高练习

1. The great hall was crowded with many people, __ many children __on their parents’ lap

A. including; seated

B. including; seating

C. included; sat

D. included; sitting

2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ in Beijing i n 2008 will cover more events than any other Olympics did.

A. holding

B. to be held

C. held

D. to be holding

3. _____ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.

A. Being no rain

B. There was no rain

C. To be no rain

D. There being no rain

4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _____ him a millionaire overnight.

A. making

B. makes

C. to make

D. made

5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _____.

A. to escape burning

B. to escape being burned

C. escaping burned

D. escaping from burning

6. Taking this medicine, if _____, will of course do good to his health.

A. continued

B. to continue

C. continues

D. continuing

7. The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things _____.

A. remaining; remained to be settled

B. remaining; remaining to be settled

C. remained; remained to settle

D. remained; remaining to settle

8. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well.

A. Considering

B. Considered

C. Consider

D. Having considered

9. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.

A. Judged

B. Judging

C. Having judged

D. To judge

10. —Tom enjoys _____ basketball on Sunday afternoons, doesn’t he — Yes, he does. But what his sister enjoys _____.

A. to play; dancing

B. playing; to dance

C. to play; to dance

D. playing; is to dance

11. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late.

A. having been addressed

B. to have addressed

C. to have been addressed

D. being addressed

12. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003,_____ all seven astronauts aboard.

A. having killed

B. killing

C. being killed

D. killed

13. There are lots of places of interest _____ in our city.

A. needs repairing

B. needing repaired

C. needed repairing

D. needing to be repaired

14. — What caused the party to be put off — _____ the invitations.

A. Tom delayed sending

B. Tom’s delaying sending

C. Tom delaying to send

D. Tom delayed to send

15. I was afraid _____ to my customers because I was afraid _____ them.

A. of talking back; to lose

B. of talking back; of losing

C. to talk back; to lose

D. to talk back; of losing

16. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog around me.

A. enjoy

B. enjoying

C. enjoyed

D. to enjoy

17. — Is Tom a good talker — No, he never speaks to me other than _____ something

A. ask for

B. to ask for

C. asked for

D. asking for

18. I can’t get my car _____ on cold mornings, so I have to try _____ the radiator with some hot water.

A. run; to fill

B. running; filling

C. running; to fill

D. ran; filling

19. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _____ in all directions before he was sent _____ by his wife.

A. flying; to sleep

B. flying; sleeping

C. to fly; to sleeping

D. to fly; to sleep

20. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _____ but the door _____.

A. being on; shut

B. burning; shutting

C. burning; shut

D. on; shutting

21. We found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _____ on the scene of the launch of Shenzhou V spaceship.

A. fixed

B. fix

C. fixing

D. to fix

22. A doctor can expect _____ at any hour of the day or night.

A. calling

B. to call

C. being called

D. to be called

23. The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher’s question, _____ just a minute. So he’s usually the teacher’s pet.

A. thought

B. having thought

C. and to think

D. thinking

24. The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door ____, ____ there for a while and then entered it.

A. open; to stand

B. opening; stood

C. open; stood

D. opened; standing

25. _____ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour, and then an old man suddenly started to cross the road

in front of me.

A. Driving

B. I was driving

C. Having driven

D. When I was driving

26. Mr. Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _____ was nowhere to be seen.

A. repairing

B. it repaired

C. repaired

D. to be repaired

27. What did the librarian _____ out of the library

A. permit to take

B. forbid to be taken

C. allow to take

D. insist being taken

28. — Mum, why do you give me so much popcorn — _____ the boring time.

A. Kill

B. Killing

C. To kill

D. Having killed

29. What Yang Liwei wanted to do when he got out of the spaceship was __ the joy with all the Chinese.

A. share

B. shared

C. having shared

D. about to share

30. When she was alone at home, Mary needed a friend _____.

A. playing with

B. having played with

C. with whom to play with

D. with whom to play

31. _____ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of life.

A. Seeing; frightened

B. Seeing; frightening

C. Seen; frightened

D. To see; frightening

32. The competitor never dreamed of _____ for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.

A. there was a chance

B. there being a chance

C. it being a chance

D. it was a chance

33. _____ everything to go wrong in advance, and you won’t feel quite so bad when it does.

A. Having expected

B. Expect

C. To expect

D. Expecting

34. — You _____ part in the party on time. — Sorry, I was delayed by the accident.

A. are to take

B. have supposed to take

C. were to have taken

D. supposed to take 35. _____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn’t seem h igh at all.

A. When compared

B. To compare

C. While comparing

D. It compared

36. _____ in her best suit, the girl tried to make herself _____ at the party.

A. Dressed; noticed

B. Dressing; noticing

C. Dressed; noticing

D. Dressing; noticed

37. The matter _____ your study surely requires _____ carefully.

A. relating to; dealing with

B. related to; dealt with

C. related to; being dealt with

D. relating to; having dealt with

38. _____ made her parents worried a lot.

A. Her not to come back

B. Not her to come back

C. Her not coming back

D. Not her coming back

39. Everything _____ into consideration, they believed themselves more and returned to their positions.

A. to take

B. taken

C. to be taken

D. taking

40. He moved away from his parents and missed them _____ enjoy the exciting life in New York.

A. much so as to

B. very much to

C. too much to

D. enough to

41. — What do you think of the plan —It’s easier said than _____.

A. carried out

B. carrying out

C. carry out

D. to carry out

42. Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum (博鳌论坛)because they knew what _____ from the forum.

A. to get

B. to be got

C. got

D. getting

43. There was a famous person at the party whom everyone would like _____ to themselves. A. to

introduce B. to be introduced C. introducing D. being introduced

44. —Were you at home last Sunday —Yeah! I devoted the whole day to _____ the English grammar.

A. review

B. reviewing

C. be reviewed

D. being reviewed

45. Once _____ at the shop, you will be dismissed immediately.

A. caught stealing

B. caught to steal

C. catching stealing

D. to catch to steal

46. Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

47. _____, John returned to school from his hometown.

A. The summer vacation being over

B. The summer vacation is over

C. Because the summer vacation over

D. After the summer vacation being over

48. _____ she can’t come, who will do the work

A. Supposed

B. Supposing

C. Having supposed

D. Being supposed

49. — Is there anything you want from town — No, thank you. But I would like to get _____.

A. those letters mailed

B. mailed letters

C. to mail those letters

D. those letters mail

50. After the guests left, she spent as much time as she could _____ the rooms.

A. tidy up

B. to clear away

C. clear away

D. tidying up

2012全国各地区高考非谓语动词汇总

1【2012江西卷】33．Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students.

A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken

2【2012江西卷】35．John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ____________him it.

A．offered B．offering C．to offer D．to be offered

3【2012湖南卷】21. We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.

A. being done

B. do

C. to be done

D. to be

4【2012重庆卷】31. Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.

A. consider

B. considering

C. to consider

D. considered

5【2012重庆卷】28. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.

A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made

6【2012重庆卷】work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

A. Having been asked

B. To ask

C. Having asked

D. To be asked

7【2012辽宁卷】29. This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating

B. to be operating

C. operated

D. to operate

8【2012四川卷】8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A. to wind

B. wind

C. winding

D. wound

9【2012四川卷】12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

10【2012陕西卷】in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .

A. Standing

B. To stand

C. Stood

D. Stand

11【2012陕西卷】he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.

A. meets

B. meeting

C. meet

D. to meet

12【2012北京卷】23. One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.

A. corrects

B. correct correct D. correcting

13【2012北京卷】27. _______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use

B. Using

C. Used

D. To use

14【2012全国II】15. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.

A. to watch

B. watching

C. watched

D. to have watched

15【2012全国II】10. Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.

A. hoping

B. to hope

C. hoped

D. having hoped

16【2012北京卷】32. Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.

A. to stay

B. staying

C. stayed

D. stay

17【2012天津卷】He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched.

A. left

B. to leave

C. leaving

D. having left

18【2012全国新课程】32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.

A. having compared to

B. comparing to

C. compare to

D. compared to

19【2012全国新课程】28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .

A. permitting

B. to permit

C. permitted

D. permit

20【2012山东卷】35. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.

A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide

21【2012山东卷】26. George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.

A. to be told

B. telling

C. being told

D. told

22【2012福建卷】28. China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.

A. attacking

B. having attacked

C. being attacked

D. having been attacked

23【2012福建卷】34. Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A. realizing

B. realized

C. to realize

D. being realized

24【2012浙江卷】1"It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.

A. to be reserved

B. Living reserved

C. reserving

D. reserved

25【2012浙江卷】I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or________ _his job.

A. quits

B. to quit

C. quitting

D. quit

26【2012浙江卷】3. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better__________silent.

A. remain

B. be remaining

C. having remained

D. to remain

27【2012江苏卷】important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based

B. Basing

C. Base

D. To base

28【2012安徽卷】30. When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A. asking

B. asked

C. having asked

D. to be asked

29【2012安徽卷】24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.

A. locking

B. to lock

C. having locked

D. to have locked

◆答案与解析◆

基础练习

1. 选D。catch sb doing sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。

2. 选B。这是一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主语。

3. 选C。句中的it 为形式主语，不定式to be asked to speak to you 为真正主语，因“我”与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。

4. 选B。like 和love后接不定式或动名词均可，但would love / like 后只能接不定式，据此可排除选项C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即选B。

5. 选A，before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使句，故动词用原形。其中it will have … 为修饰名词the effect 的宾语从句。

6. 选A。根据句中的studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即选A。

7. 选C。do with 与what 连用可以表示“处置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：What shall I do with it 怎样处置它好呢What have you done with my umbrella 你把我的雨伞放到哪里去了I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。8. 选B。anyone seen carrying bags…为anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语seen carrying bags … 用作定语修饰代词anyone。另外，句中的who was seen carrying bags 为see sb doing sth 这一结构的被动式。

9. 选B。devote…to… 的意思是“把……贡献给……”或“致力于……”，其中to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后动词要用动名词。句中的he had 为定语从句，用以修饰all，注意不将had to 视为同一个语义结构。

10. 选C。lead to 意为“导致”，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选C。

11. 选D。look forward to 意为“期盼”，其中to 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。注意不能选B，因为pay a visit 不能带the flower-lined garden 作宾语，假若在paying a visit 后加上介词to，则可选B。

12. 选A。句首的to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故要用动词原形。

13. 选B。现在分词短语表伴随。

14. 选C。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。

15. 选A。(be) lost to sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响”、“将某事物置之度外”。

16. 选C。因keys 与find 是被动关系。

17. 选A。不定式的否定式总是将否定词not 置于不定式符号to 之前，而不能置于其后，同时结合tell sb (not) to do sth 这一结构可排除选项C、D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略该不定式而只保留不定式符号to。

18. 选B。find 后可接现在分词（表示动作在进行）或过去分词（表被动关系）作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与smoke 是主动关系，故选B。

19. 选D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语显然是she，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等，故选D。

20. 选B。the key to… 意为“……的关键”，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词demand 与make 是被动关系(make demands 提出要求)，同时根据句中的by

the customers，可确定答案选B。

21. 选C。答句是针对疑问词what 的回答，而问句中的疑问词what 在句中用作主语，所以答句也应是一个能用作主语的东西，比较四个选项，只有C合适。其完整回答形式为Losing her new bike made Mary so upset. 比较，下面一题要填不定式，因为四个选项中只有To choose a new chairman 能回答疑问词why：“Why was a special meeting called” “______ a new chairman.” A. Choose B. Choosing C. To choose D. Chosen

22. 选D。由于the research 与begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词begun。Once begun 可视为once it is begun 之省略。

23. 选C。由于his parents 与lack money(缺钱)是主动关系，故用现在分词，又因为lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，故选C。

24. 选D。非谓语动词的否定式要将否定词not 放在整个非谓语动词之前，据此可排除A、C。另外，由于Tony 与invite 是被动关系，故选D。

25. C。第一空填sung，因为song 与sing 是被动关系；第二空填sing，因为you 与sing 是主动关系。

提高练习

。including为介词;由seat的用法可知,此处应用其过去分词形式。

。hold与the Olympic Games之间是被动关系,且2008奥运会尚未举办,应用不定式表将来。. There being no rain为there be句型的独立主格形式。

。不定式作结果状语表示主语未曾预料到的结果。

。不定式作目的状语。escape 意为―逃脱‖,不接不定式,而常接-ing形式作宾语。只能接-ing形式作宾语的动词还有:mind, admit,avoid, appreciate, consider(考虑), delay, imagine, miss, practice等。

。if continued 是―if taking this medicine is continued‖的省略形式。

。第一个remaining用作形容词,作―剩下的‖解;第二个remaining to be settled 是-ing形式短语作定语。。considering为介词,作―就……而论;考虑到‖解。

。judging from意为―从……来判断‖,为固定结构。

。enjoy后常接-ing形式作宾语; what his sister enjoys作主语,is to dance构成句子的谓语。

。address所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,且与letter之间逻辑上存在着被动关系,having been addressed...在句中作非限制性定语。

。

。needing to be repaired相当于needing repairing,在句中作定语。另外,require和want也有类似的用法。。Tom’s delaying sending是-ing形式的复合结构可代替what在句中作主语。

。be afraid to do作―不敢……‖解(侧重指不敢作出的一种行为); be afraid of doing 作―担心……‖解(侧重强调害怕产生某种后果)。

。but用作―除了‖解,当其前含有实义动词do时, 则but后的不定式短语要省去to。

。other than asked for something相当于unless he is asked for something。

。get my car running意为―使我的车发动起来‖;try doing表示―试一试做某事的办法‖;try to do意为―努力去做某事‖。

。send sb./sth. doing意为―使……快速移动‖;send sb. to sleep意为―使某人入睡‖,其中to 为介词,sleep 为名词。

。句中的burning, shut均作found的宾语补足语,表状态。

。fix one’s eyes/attention on/upon为固定短语,意为―注视,注意‖,故此处应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。

。expect后跟不定式作宾语,call与doctor之间是被动关系。

。-ing形式短语作状语,且think(思考)表示的动作发生于give a satisfactory answer之前,故用having thought。

。with the door open是with 的复合结构,open 为形容词,表状态; stood与came, entered为并列关系,在句中作谓语。

。因句中有连词and,所以and 之前必须是一个并列关系的分句。

。he had had repaired是省去了关系代词that/ which的定语从句。

。forbid sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法,此句中forbid 的宾语为what。

。why引导的特殊疑问句通常可用不定式短语来回答。

。what引导的名词性从句作主语且从句中含有实义动词do时,用作表语的不定式可不带to。。with whom to play为―介词+关系代词+不定式‖结构在句中作定语,其相当于一个定语从句(with whom she could play)。

。

。由题意―这位选手从来也没想到他竟有机会在100米比赛中获得第一名‖,及dreamed of后需用-ing 形式短语可知应选B。

。句中and决定了前句应为祈使句。

。You were to have taken part in the party.意为―你本来应该参加那次聚会的‖。

。When compared...是When the highest mountain is compared...的省略。

。be dressed in, be lost in, be seated, be disappointed in等类似的短语在句中用作状语时,常用过去分词形式;make herself noticed意为―使自己被别人注意‖。

。relate to意为―与……有关;涉及……‖,第一空既可以用relating to, 也可以用related to;deal with为固定短语,与the matter之间是被动关系,因此,应用dealing with(主动形式表被动意义)或to be dealt with。。此句考查-ing形式的复合结构在句中作主语,其否定形式是在-ing形式前加not。

。everything taken into consideration是独立主格结构在句中作状语。

。此题考查―too...to...(太……而不能……)‖句型。

。carried out 与said是两个对等成分。

。英语中,许多动词(如:know ,decide, tell sb., show sb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。题中knew what to get相当于knew what they would get。

。此题考查would like sb. to do 的结构。题中的introduce与whom之间是被动关系。

。devote ... to ...中,to为介词。

。Once caught为Once you are caught 的省略; catch sb. doing sth.意为―发现或发觉某人正在做某事‖。。bought through a computer是过去分词短语作定语。

。The summer vacation (being) over是独立主格结构在句中作状语。

。supposing (that)可引导条件状语从句,意为―假使‖。

。get sth. done意为―使(某人)做某事‖。

高考非谓语动词1-5 C B C A A 6-10 A D C A A 11-15 D D C A A 16-20 A C D A B

21-25 A C A D D 26-29 D B B B

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

非谓语动词用法讲解

非谓语动词讲解 1. 动词不定式（1）动词不定式的构成：不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。（2）动词不定式的句法功能： 1)不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It + be + adj. +(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful．→It is useful to learn English well．

学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment．保护环境对我们来说很重要。注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如： It’s very kind of you to help me．你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that．你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：I find it easy to read English every day．我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...，why don’t you do...，had better(not) do...，would rather do，could/would/will you please(not) do... 如：I would rather stay in the room．我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio．露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese．我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)，但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss．老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库

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非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式不定式由“to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song．注意：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go．动词help之后，带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗？She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read．注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about．

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expec t, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: * 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe,和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 不定式作定语的用法： 6 作状语 I came here to see you. (表目的) in order to / so as to We were excited to hear the news. （表原因）

高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．New York is the fashion capital of the world, says a new study on Feb 4. 2014 by the Global Language Monitor (GLM), Pairs ____ second, with Shanghai ______10th while Hongkong 20th. A．coming, ranks B．come, ranked C．comes, ranking D．coming, ranking 【答案】D 【解析】D考查非谓语动词。句意：2月4日的一项新研究表明，纽约是世界的时尚之都。2014年全球语言监测机构(GLM)排名第二，上海排名第10，香港排名第20。Come和Pair是主动关系用动词ing形式，rank与Shanghai是主动关系，用动词ing形式，故选D。 2．________on this report，the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this continent. A．Having based B．Basing C．Based D．To be based 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。be based on以……为基础。在句中作状语，故用其based。选C。 3．Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up. A．wake B．waken C．to wake D．waking 【答案】D 【解析】一旦他睡着了，我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，选D。 4．________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child. A．Tasted B．Tasting C．To taste D．Being tasted 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine，taste与主语是主动关系，而且taste是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。 5．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B

非谓语动词及不定式的用法详解

非谓语动词在英语中，不是用作句子的谓语而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. We could do nothing but wait. We have no choice but to wait. can’t choose but do, can’t help but do, can’t but do 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expect, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, caue, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: *在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe, overhear（偷听）和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 但不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way, 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。

非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库

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To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。 To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。动词不定式短语作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。 It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。常用句式有:1、 It+be+名词 +to do。 2、 It takes sb.+some time+to do 。 3、 It+be+形容词 +of sb +to do。常用 careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly, stupid,wise, 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的 sb. 可作其逻辑主语。 2.作表语: Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。 He appears to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。 3.作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有: want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help, agree,promise,prefer, 如果不定式(宾语后面有宾语补足语,则用 it 作形式宾语 ,真正的宾语(不定式后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如: Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的。动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:

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