2014年中南大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年中南大学考博英语真题及详解

Entrance English Examination for PhD Program Candidates (2014) B卷

试卷一

Part 1 Use of English ( 20%)

Section A Vocabulary and Structure (10%, 每题0.5分)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that

best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

1. The French and the Americans have a very different relationship to money,

______ and ostentation.

A) optimum

B) opulence

C) obnoxious

D) obfuscate

【答案】B

【解析】句意：法国人和美国人对金钱，财富和炫耀之间的关系的看法非常不同。opulence 财富；富裕。optimum最适条件；最适度。obnoxious可憎的，讨厌的。obfuscate使暗淡；使模糊。只有opulence与money，ostentation表达同类概念，因此答案选B。

2. One of the first ______ of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry: smoke tends to drive out the insect that, by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.

A) casualties

B) reformers

C) critics

D) beneficiaries

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在亚马逊雨林中减少燃烧的第一个受益者是栗树工业：烟往往会赶走昆虫，通过给栗树授粉，可以让栗子树生长。beneficiary收益者。casualty受害者。reformer 改革者。critic批评家。根据句意可知答案选D。

3. Their minds and bodies work faster than most ______ races, making them seem restless or hyperactive.

A) clever

B) brave

C) sapient

D) smart

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他们的思想和身体比大多数智慧的种族都要运转得快，使他们看起来焦躁不安或极度活跃。sapient睿智的，聪慧，智人的。clever机智，机灵（临时反应）。smart 通常指小孩聪明伶俐，比较口语化。选项C更符合句意表达，因此答案选C。

4. In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been ______.

A) exaggerated

B) ignored

C) derided

D) scrutinized

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在对“坏境灾难临近”的观点进行驳斥的过程中，她的书并没有嘲笑所有的命运预测，而是指出灾害的风险在很多情况下被夸大了。exaggerate夸大。ignore忽视。deride嘲笑，愚弄。scrutinize细看；细读。根据句意可知选项A是正确答案。

5. It eliminates the complicated ______, do not have to spend time around friends, you just need to sit at home and can easily be completed.

A) appointment

B) itinerary

C) engagement

D) date

【答案】A

【解析】句意：它除去了复杂的预约，不用去花时间和朋友一起，你只需要坐在家里就可以轻松完成。appointment预约；约会。itinerary旅程，路线。engagement订婚。date

约会（一般指情侣间）。根据句意答案选A。

6. However, the villagers did not ______ them the best out of things to entertain us in the most sincere smile to greet the arrival of us.

A) jealous

B) stingy

C) begrudge

D) reluctant

【答案】C

【解析】句意：然而，村民却毫不吝惜的拿出他们最好的东西来招待我们，以最真诚的笑容迎接我们的到来。begrudge吝惜，舍不得给。jealous嫉妒的。stingy有刺的；刺人的。reluctant厌恶的，嫌厌的。根据句意表达可知选项C正确。

7. Paleontologists’ assumptions about the equable nature of the climate on th e primeval island of Pangaea are ______ computer simulations indicating that the island's temperatures tended to fluctuate during the course of a year.

A) confirmed by

B) undermined by

C) bolstered by

D) challenged by

【答案】B

【解析】句意：古生物学家假设在古大陆的原始岛屿上，气候的可平衡性被计算机模拟破坏，

这表明在一年中岛上的温度往往会波动。be undermined by被削弱，破坏。be confirmed by被证实。be bolstered by是由于。be challenged by被挑战。B选项最符合句意表达，因此本题答案是B。

8. Whereas historians once maintained that science is ______ other enterprises, they have come to realize that science is actually intertwined with the values, social assumptions, and intellectual traditions of a particular historical period.

A) tantamount to

B) dependent on

C) ancillary to

D) distinct from

【答案】D

【解析】句意：历史学家曾经坚持科学是不同于其他事业的，然而，他们开始认识到科学是和价值观，社会假设，以及一个特定历史时期的智慧传统相联系的。be distinct from与…不同。be tantamount to相当于。be dependent on依赖于。be ancillary to辅助于。根据以上分析可知只有选项D最恰当，答案选D。

9. In the midst of so many evasive comments, this forthright statement, whatever its intrinsic merit, plainly stands out as ______.

A) an anomaly

B) a profundity

C) a paradigm

D) a misnomer

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在如此之多含糊其辞的评论当中，这项直截了当的陈述，不管它具有怎样的内在价值，都很引人注目地作为一种异常情形显现了出来。anomaly不规则，反常。profundity深奥；深刻。paradigm范例；示例。misnomer误称；用词不当。A选项最符合句意要求，故答案选A。

10. Mass media as a carrier and avenue of message ______ has more and more important function and force in modern society.

A) prognosis

B) proclamation

C) promulgate

D) prolongation

【答案】C

【解析】句意：大众传媒作为信息传递的载体和途径，在现代社会中具有越来越重要的作用和影响力。promulgate传播；宣传。prognosis预测。proclamation宣布，公布。prolongation延长；延期。message promulgate信息传播，常见短语搭配，因此答案选C。

11. Take the time to ______ with your child, to read with her, to play with her, to have good conversations with her, to take walks with her.

A) cuddle

武汉大学2017博士英语

武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 （满分值100分） 科目名称：英语科目代码：1101 注意：所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上，凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.

中南大学2010级博士生英语考试试卷

English Test Paper for Doctoral Candidates (A) 2011.01.09 Part I Listening Comprehension (15%) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear several short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center (on Answer Sheet I). 1. A. She is in Vietnam. B. She is in Thailand. C. She is right here. D. She is in Tokyo. 2. A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot. D. By train. 3. A. He stays late for the lesson. B. He is studying. C. He has little rest. D. He is resting. 4. A. She gave a lecture to the psychology class. B. She advised the woman to see a psychologist. C. She persuaded the woman not to take the course. D. She convinced the woman to apply to graduate school. 5. A. She read it selectively. B. She went over it chapter by chapter. C. She read it slowly. D. She finished it at a stretch. Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear several short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center (on Answer Sheet I). Passage One 6. A. How to choose the qualified goods. B. The consumer's rights. C. The importance of the quality. D. How to demand the replacement.

(完整版)中科院06-16博士英语十年真题

中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语试卷构成 试卷一：小计110分钟65分 Ⅰ　词汇15分钟10分Ⅰ　完形填空15分钟15分Ⅰ　阅读80分钟40分 试卷二：小计70分钟35分 Ⅰ　英译汉30分钟15分Ⅰ　写作40分钟20分 2006年3月 PAPER ONE PART I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each) 1. The problem is that most local authorities lack the to deal sensibly in this market. A. anticipation B. perception C. prospect D. expertise 2. Awards provide a(n) for young people to improve their skills. A. incentive B. initiative C. fugitive D. captive 3. The profit motive is inherently with principles of fairness and equity. A. in line B. in trade C. at times D. at odds 4. Oil is derived from the of microscopic sea creatures, and is even older, according to most geologists. A. layouts B. reminders C. remains D. leftovers 5. Successful students sometimes become so with grades that they never enjoy their school years. A. passionate B. involved C. immersed D. obsessed 6. Apparently there were between police reports taken from the same witnesses at different times. A. distortions B. discrepancies C. disorders D. distractions 7. It had been a terrible afternoon for Jane, at about six o’clock in her father’s sudden col unconsciousness. A. converging B. culminating C. finalizing D. releasing 8. The 12-year-old civil war had 1.5 million lives. A. declared B. proclaimed C. claimed D. asserted 9. The tribe has agreed to contribute 2 percent of net to charitable activities in the county. A. expenses B. revenues C. budgets D. payments 10. This will make schools more directly and effectively to parents, and more responsive to their criticisms and wishes. A. accountable B. submitted C. subjected D. available 11. Make up your mind that whatever the short-term temptations may be, you will never from the highest standards of honor. A. deviate B. escape C. derive D. refrain 12. They teach the vocabulary of the English used in computer science, which is also listed in the glossary. A. in sum B. in total C. in general D. in full 13. This brings a feeling of emptiness that can never be filled and leaves us with a for more. A. scarcity B. command C. hunger D. request 14. Job fairs are usually very lively and informal, and you can roam , surveying what is on offer and gathering literature on jobs you might not have considered in the everyday run of things. A. at peace B. at leisure C. at rest D. at speed 15. The closest to English and Welsh grammar schools are called grammar secondary schools; they can, however, accept some fee-paying pupils. A. equality B. equation C. equivalent D. equity 16. At first the university refused to purchase the telescope, but this decision was_____ revised. A. consecutively B. consequently C. successively D. subsequently 17. He us as consistently fair and accurate about the issues we are concerned about. A. confuses B. regards C. strikes D. knocks

2006华政博士英语基础试题

华东政法学院 2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷 Part One: Grammar & Vocabulary (20%) Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. 1. The evening was beginning to as we waited. A. extend B. prolong C. drag D. delay 2. Please us with your plans. A. acquaint B. inform C. tell D. notify 3. The book’s significance him. A. failed B. missed C. escaped D. deluded 4. She said she would be late, she arrived on time. A. anyhow B. yet C. however D. accordingly 5. L et’s this room a bit. A. cheer up B. inspire C. stimulate D. liven up 6. amounts of noxious wastes were dumped into the Songhuajiang River. A. Appreciated B. Appreciable C. Appreciative D. Appreciating 7. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest______ of being met. A. prospect B. prediction C. prosperity D. permission 8. As your teacher, I’m just curious what difficulties any of you may come when writing in English. A. up with B. up against C. round to D. in on 9. Amid fears of a global flu pandemic, Roche has decided to up production of Tamiflu, the only drug that may be able to treat the illness. A. pull B. play C. turn D. step 10. Scientists, archaeologists and historians are trying to the mystery of Egypt's sunken cities. A. unbind B. untangle C. unwind D. unravel 11. They walked through the warmth of late September to a cafe across the street. A. remaining B. delaying C. loitering D. lingering 1

河北大学2005博士统考英语真题

河北大学2005年博士入学考试题 二、Structure and Vocabulary （20points） Direction：In each question decide which of the four choices given below will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. 1.When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard lay them______ A. Off B. aside C. out D. down 2. A man who could ____such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength A.bear upon B. insist on C. stand up to D. persist in 3. If this method doesn’t ___, we shall have to think of another way. A. come off B. come about C. come out D. come on 4.The____ of a chemical compound when brought into contact with another gives us clues to its composition. A .deed B. behavior C. characteristics D. correspondence 5. The chairman of the committee was delighted by the almost full __of its members at the conference. A. dependence B. absence C. attendance D. enrollment 6. The police are supposed to protect the people and their properties, ___evil conducts, guide traffic and so on. A. suppress B. depress C. frustrate D. condemn 7. John was proved innocent, for it was just a (n) _____to have found him on the murder spot. A. coincidence B. accident C. occasion D. incident 8. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _____will down the economy. A. knock B. drag C. settle D. put 9.It would have taken hours to work the sum out, so I____ my pocket calculator A.turned over B. turned to C. turned in D. turned out 10.The founding of the United Nations ____people’s longing for peace.

2015中南大学考博英语经典阅读：An educationin finance

2015中南大学考博英语经典阅读：An educationin finance 国庆长假，育明考博考博小编为同学们收集整理了经典阅读资料并附有例句解析，希望育明考博考博伴随同学们共度国庆，复习的更加顺利!联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。电话：四零零六六八六九七八 An educationin finance Less well known is the increasing willingness of colleges to borrowin the markets,too.On May15th,for example,Cornell University sold$250m-worth of bonds.In recent weeks both Harvard and the University of Texashave also raised hundreds of millions of dollars in this way. Such debt-raising is becoming more common.There are abundantreasons to believe that the market will grow much bigger yet. Largely this is because colleges are only belatedly becoming awareof how useful the financial markets can be.No doubt some of their hesitationhas been cultural:academics may have been reluctant to look at theiruniversities as businesses;or they may have misunderstood what was needed tohelp those businesses grow. If they did look at their institutions in economic terms,people ineducation tended not to think that universities lacked capital.Rather,theythought that they had a structural inability to use capital and labour moreefficiently.Unlike the car industry,many schools felt that they mustmaintain,or even increase,the ratio of employees(teachers)to customers(students).Small class sizes are taken as a signal of high quality,soinvesting money to save on teachers’salaries is not anattractive strategy. Schools had other reservations as well.Poor schools were worriedabout being unable to service debt.Rich schools with huge endowments may haveseen no need. So much for an academic perspective.A growing number of investorssaw

华东师范大学2006年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

华东师范大学2006年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题 考试科目：英语 Paper One 注意：答案请做在答题卡上，做在试题上一律无效 Part I Vocabulary and Structure (20%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1. Police believe that many burglars are amateurs who would flee if an alarm sounded or lights A. came out B. came on C. came to D. came down 2. Mr. Jenkins drove along at his usual high speed for police cars in his mirror from time to time to make sure he was safe. A. pulling out B. running through C. going ahead D. watching out 3. Miss Tracy moved to New York in the early 1960s, apparently to escape jealous friends who were becoming increasingly of her success. A. delightful B. graceful C. resentful D. respectful 4. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being by the market. A. replaced B. overlooked C. saturated D. penalized 5. Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and her to fairyland of her own once she started to play. A. transforming B. transporting C. transplanting D. transcending 6. It is hard to think of a field in which it is not important to what is likely to happen and act accordingly. A. look out B. figure out C. turn out D. point out 7. At about the same time, some black Christians walked in protest out of churches where they were forced to worship in sections. A. segregated B. sustained C. connected D. engaged 8. San Francisco climbs and falls over numerous hills, which provides views of the wide bay and the Golden Gate Bridge. A. flashy B. transient C. breathtaking D. ambiguous 9. Martin Luther King, Jr. persuaded his followers to bring the of the American Negroes to the attention of the United Nations, but they did not act very effectively. A. conspiracy B. pledge C. plight D. compulsion 10. Even though strong evidence has proved the nicotine to be , the tobacco company still insists that its products are harmless. A. soluble B. deficient C. addictive D. skeptical 11. Prof. Flynn found no students in the lecture hall when he arrived. Only then did he realize that he came A. too much B. so much C. much too D. much so 12. I wanted to be sure a sudden emergency that we gave the right advice. A. on account of B. in case of C. at the risk of D. in spite of 13. in India, the banana was brought to the Americas by the Portuguese who found it in Africa. A. Originally cultivated B. Having originally cultivated C. Originally being cultivated D.Although it originally cultivated 14. It was the end of my exhausting first day as a waitress, and I really appreciated time to relax. A. to have B. having C. to have had D. of having 15. We’ve just installed central heating, should make a tremendous difference to the house next winter. A. what B. that C. it D. which 16. So fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A.has light traveled B.light travels C.does light travel D.travels light 17. she was living in Paris that she met her husband Terry.

2006年博英语试题

考博英语试题 02年部分II. Reading Comprehension (25 points) Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 1 There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job; and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job. “Contact us before writing application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae, or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is , of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also, an indication of growing importance of the curriculum vitae.(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right. There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained. Everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest. Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach.” your search is over. I am the person you are looking for,” was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature special feature specially designed for the job in view. There is no doubt, however, that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae. 16. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns . A. informs job hunters of the opportunities available B. promises useful advice to those looking for employment C. divides available jobs into various types D. informs employers that people are available for work. 17. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because . A. there is lack of jobs available for artistic people B. there are so many top-level jobs available C. there are so many people out of work D. the job history is considered to be a work of art . 18. In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would . A. write an initial letter giving their life history B. pass some exams before applying for a job C. have no qualifications other than being able to read and write D. keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview 19. Later, as one went on to apply more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter . A.something that would attract attention to one?s application B. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to join C.something that would offered that person reading it D. a lie that one could easily get with telling 20. The job history has become such an important document because . A. there has been a decrease in the number of jobs advertised B. there has been an increase in the number of “qualified” job hunters C. jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays D. the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated