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7-11课汉译英

7-11课汉译英
7-11课汉译英

Unit 7

1.如果你卷入别人的问题,你很可能会以陷入不愉快的境况而告终(chances are that)

If you get involved in other people’s problem, the chances are that you will end up in a unpleasant situation

2.他认为保卫祖国抵御敌人是自己的职责He thinks it a duty to defend his country against enemies

3.不要太重视他的话(attach to)Don’t attach too much importance to what he said

4.住宅逐渐消失,慢慢变成了办公室(The home is vanishing and the business office is taking over

5.他应该已经在工作,但是他却在忙别的事情He should have been working but he was otherwise engaged

6.他从来没有想过她也许是在撒谎(occur to)It never occurs to him that she might be telling lies

7.他还没想好将来要干什么(figure out)He has not yet figured out what he is going to do

8.他们以五个坐席的微弱优势获胜(margin)They won by the small margin of five seats

9.回想起我们在那里度过的一个月,我们心中充满了感激之情As we look back on the month we spent there, our hearts are filled with gratitude

10.这辆汽车很旧,但不管怎样,话费的钱不多It is a very old car but at any rate it was not expensive

11.他们不能使用煤气炉,因为还没安装好(hook up)They could not use the gas stove because it had not been hooked up

12.他忘记自己已经改维持秩序了(be supposed to )He forgot he was supposed to be keeping order

Unit 8

1.最近,我有一个朋友辞去了他公司里的那份工资高但要求也高的工作(quit)

One friend of mine has decided to quit his highly-paid but demanding position in his company recently.

2.她以烹饪美食为乐。She takes delight (in) cooking lovely meals

3.她要查询是否给她预定了房间。She wanted to check if there was a room reserved for her.

4.当你打开立体图书,你肯定会大吃一惊。When you open the pop-up book, you’re in for a big surprise

5.他一生中的两大爱好是音乐和绘画。His two great interests in life are music and painting.

6.婚礼以后,我们就回到中国去,因为我们在那里工作,并且打算在那里生活。

After the wedding we’ll be returning to China, where we work and plan to live.

7.他们都饿了,因而感到饭菜喷香。They were all hungry and the food smelt good

8.树越高,风越大。The higher the tree, the stronger the wind.

9.他的妻子开玩笑说跟他结婚的是他的工作。His wife joked that he was married to his work

10.这本书还到图书馆时,缺了12页。When the book was returned to the library, it had 12 pages missing.

Unit 9

1.很可能她把这事全忘了。More likely than not, she’s forgotten all about it.

2.这意味着我们实际上没有可能按时完成。This means that effectively we have no chance of finishing it on time.

3.他的第一部小说不算太好也不算太糟,就是一般水平。His first novel was not particularly good or bad, just average.

4.谈到现代爵士乐,没几个人比汤姆知道的更多。When it comes to modern jazz, very few people know more than Tom.

5.这项研究的重要性在于它证实了A与B之间存在联系The research is important in that it confirms the existence of a relationship between A and B.

6.尽管以前我们失败过,但仍要坚持下去。We will persevere regardless of past failures.

7.考试不能促使学生去追求更多的知识。Examinations do not motivate a student to seek more knowledge.

8.成功的领导者是事先控制事件而不是事后才做出反应。Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them.

9.他必须将重担从一肩移到另一肩。He had to shift the vast burden from one shoulder to the other.

10.科技力量上的优势帮助这家公司战胜所有对手。The superiority in science and technology helps this company defeat all its rivals.

Unit 10

1.文化交往有助于相互理解。Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.

2.当三家公司都决定要她的时候,她知道自己已经成功了。When three companies wanted to hire her, she knew that she had made it.

3.这个男孩抓住那矮树,直到有人爬下悬崖去救他。The boy held on to the bush until someone climbed down the cliff to rescue him.

4.经济学家任务没有进步的原因是合作不好。Economists attributed the lack of progress to poor cooperation.

5.在那时,没有受过大学教育就能找到一个体面的工作还是可能的。At that time, it was still possible to land a decent job without a college education.

6.前院布满了保安人员。The forecourt was crawling with security men.

7.我已经听说了你们两个正在策划的那个大阴谋。I’ve heard about the grand plot that you two are hatching.

8.他的回答听起来总是很正确。His answers often ring true.

9.令人吃惊的是他炒股发了财。It is surprising that he made a fortune by picking stocks.

10.这些人仍然在做着使他们成功的各种事情。These people are still doing whatever it was that led to their success.

Unit 11

1.我被这个问题卡住了,算不出结果。(stuck)I am stuck on this problem; I can’t figure it out.

2.我的毛衣洗过之后缩水了。(shirnk)My wool sweater shrank after I washed it.

3.乘公共汽车、坐地铁或驾车都可以到达歌剧院。The opera house is accessible by bus, subway or car.

4.局势很不稳定,暴乱者有可能试图推翻政府。(volatile)The situation is very volatile, rioters may try to overthrow the government.

5.汽车电话是20世纪80年代的创新,但是现在他们已经很普遍了。Car telephones were an innovation in the 1980s, but now they are very common.

6.与会者免去通常的礼节,立即开始谈判。The participants in the meeting dispensed with usual formalities and started negotiating immediately.

7.乌云促使我们在下雨之前更快地工作The dark clouds spurred us to work faster before the rain started.

8.到华盛顿后,那个参议员对政治运作的真正规律有了深刻的了解。By moving to Washington D.C., the senator gained an insight into how politics really work.

9.院长深知需要更多医生和护士的急迫性。The president is acutely conscious of the need for more doctors and nurses.

10.在伊文思先生念成绩报告单时,我们都屏住了呼吸。We held our breath while Mr. Evens read the exam results.

四六级翻译题必过

四六级成绩已经揭晓,不知道您过了吗??从13年12月开始,四六级考纲关于翻译题有两点大纲变动, 1、句子翻译改为段落汉译英翻译 2、考试范围由“校园文化、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业”改为“校园文化、社会生活、餐饮娱乐、民生发展、科技兴国、生命科学、求职就业、新兴学科发展、中国传统文化”,其中亮点就就是新增了难度较大得文化领域。为此,针对传统文化,需要掌握以下文化语句得通用表达,必背16句! 一、对龙图腾她得崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。中国龙就是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成得一种神物。中国龙得形成与中华民族得多元融合过程同步。在中国人得心目中,龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化得寓意与团结凝聚得精神。 ChineseDragon Dragon totemworship in Chinahas been around for thelast 8,000 years、The ancients in China considered the dragon(orloong) afetish thatbines animals includin

gthe fish, snake, horseandox withcloud, thunder, li ghtningand othernatural celestial phenomena、The Chinese dragon was formed inaccordancewiththe multicultur al fusion process of theChinese nation、To theChinese, the dragonsignifies innovation andcohesion、 二、秧歌舞就是中国汉族得一种民间传统舞蹈,通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩得表演服装,她们得表演动作有力迅速。在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间,人们一旦听到锣鼓声,不管外面天气有多冷,她们都会蜂拥到街上瞧秧歌舞表演。近年来,中国东北某些城市得老年人自发组织了了秧歌队,队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康,同事她们也乐在其中。 Yangko is oneoftradition folk dance of Han inChina、It i susuallyperformed in northern provinces、The dancers usually wear colorfuland lightcostumes, and the performance is powerful andrapid、During some festivalssuch as Spr ingFestival, Lantein Festival, if people hear thesound of drum andgong, no matter how cold the weatheris , they will e tostreet and appreciate the Yangko、Recentyear s, the old peoplein city ofeast-northern of China organizedthe team of Yangko by themselves, the teamers keep their healthby dancing Yangko thewhole year、 三、长城就是人类创造得世界奇迹之一。如果您到了中国却没去过长城,就想到了巴黎没有去瞧瞧菲尔铁塔,或者就像到了埃及没有去瞧金字塔一样。人们常说:“不到长城非好汉。”实际上,长城最初只就是一些断断续续得城墙,直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连城长城。然而,今天我们瞧到得长城——东起山海关,西至嘉峪关——大部分都就是在明代修建得。 The GreatWall is one ofthewondersof the world thatc reated by human beings! If you e toChinawithoutclimbing the Great Wall, it's just like going Paris withoutvisiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids! Men often say,"He whodoest not reach the Great Wallisnot a true man、"In fact,it began as independent wallsfordifferentstateswhenit wasfirstbuilt, and did notbee the "Great Wall" until theQin Dynasty、However, the wallwesee today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the easttoJiayunguanPass in the west, was mostly built during the MingDynasty、

新世纪大学英语第一册翻译-汉译英.

Translation Unit One 1.这个婴儿还不会爬,更不要说会走了。 The baby can't even crawl yet, let alone walk! 2. 威尔声称谋杀案件发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。 Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. 3. 一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关;有了阅读技巧,你就可以更好的应对课外阅读了。 To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. 4. 根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。 According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. 5. 有些人想当然的认为日语中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。 Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. 6. 我们都已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。 We have passed all relevant information on to the police. 7. 关于那件事你问我在多的问题也没有用,因为我是不会回答你的。

汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤: 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解,也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的,不是一对一的死译,而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文,要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思,是否有 漏译、错译,译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧: 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思,还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”:country, nation, state, land 分别内涵:疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思,运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda (带贬义) 汉译英选词原则: (1)选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”:audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示:听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达: 工作条件:working condition 有利的条件:favorable situation 录取条件:admission requirement 付款条件:terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重,有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”:employment problem, unemployment problem(找不到工作就业已 成问题,即失业问题) “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs(没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女,不需找工作的并不包括在内) (2)要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. (3)选词时不要望文生义,不要死译,要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

(完整版)中考英语汉译英专题讲解与练习

谈中考英语句型转换 完成句子一般是指根据所给汉语完成句子。这类题型主要检测学生的语言基础和对语法知识的掌握,如时态、语态、主从复合句等,特别应注意固定短语及常用的习惯搭配的积累,还要注意区别英汉表达上的差异,两种语言在句型结构、词语对应上的不同之处。答题时,要判断所给句子该译成简单句、并列句还是复合句,并灵活运用英语句型结构;要考虑使用什么时态、语态;要注意用法表达的准确性,选准单词,才能使译句表达得清楚、准确。当然,还要注意书写干净、工整,有一个好的卷面。 完成句子题型通常有4种形式:(1)根据所给的汉语完成英语句子,每空字数不限;(2)根据括号里的汉语提示,完成英语句子,每空字数不限;(3)根据所给汉语完成句子,每空一词;(4)根据中文写出相应的英文,即将整句汉语译成英语。 一、根据所给汉语(或根据括号里的汉语提示)完成句子,每空字数不限 这两类考题相对容易一些。由于不受字数的限制,一旦遇到不会表达的单词或短语,可以绕开,在不影响基本意思的前提下使用同义词语、同义句型或同义表达方式。 【真题引导1】 根据所给的汉语完成下列句子,每空字数不限。 1. 李平昨晚花了半小时做功课。_______Li Ping ______ his homework last night. 2. 向右转,你就会看到一间绿树环绕的屋子。 ___________ and you'll see a house_________ . 3. 天色渐晚,我想我们该回家了。It's __________, so I think it's time __________. 4. 我们怎样才能与邻里和睦相处呢?How __________________our neighbors? 5. 那所新学校美丽得像个大花园。That new school is _______ that it _________. 6. 我们确信润扬大桥将有助于扬州更快发展We ________the Runyang Bridge will ______. 【真题引导2】 根据括号里的汉语提示,完成下列英语句子,每空字数不限。 1. These new cars are ______________ (中国制造). 2. To drink more water every day is _____________ (对你有好处). 3. The picture is beautiful, ___________ (让我看看). 4. ______________ (在他的帮助下), I've made greatprogress in English. 5 .He asks me _________________ (我是否有空). 【巩固训练】 A)根据所给的汉语完成下列句子,每空字数不限。 1. 中国政府正忙于为2008年北京奥运会做准备。 The Chinese government ____________getting ready for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. 2. 他的梦想就是长大后像杨利伟一样当一名宇航员。 His dream is to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei when he __________________. 3. 你应该学会如何与老师和同学相处。 You should learn how to ________________with your teachers and schoolmates. 4. 学校里所有的教室与实验室都必须保持干净和整洁。 All the classrooms and labs in the school must _________ clean and tidy. 5. 你得努力学习,否则你将落后于其他同学。Study hard,__________ your classmates. 6. 不久我们会再次见面的。It _______________ we see each other again. 7. 只有麦克回答了那个问题。________________ answered the question. 8. 他说得太快了,别人听不懂。He spoke ______________ others understood. 9. 不要阻止孩子们尝试他们的新想法。Don't stop the children __________________. 10. 你还有别的什么忘在家里了吗?Do you have anything __________________? 11. 孩子们将那猴子团团围住,然后抓住它送到了动物园。 The children __________________the monkey,__________________ and sent to the zoo. 12. 你最好在他改变主意之前把机票费帮他付了。 You'd better __________________ the air ticket for him before he __________________. 13. 图书馆仅这个月就借给学生两千多本书。

汉英翻译实践第一讲

PART I: I. 原文(Source Text) 水桥 在巴拿马,有一座世界闻名的“水桥”,那就是巴拿马运河。去年暑假,我跟着爸爸妈妈去巴拿马运河游览观光,至今还记忆犹新。 我们乘机抵达巴拿马城,然后搭上了一艘游轮,从巴尔博亚港进入运河。船行13公里后,便到了运河的第一组水闸1。巴拿马运河就是通过水闸的关与开,让船舰跨越陆地的一座“水桥” 2。 我们开始“上桥”了。船驶进闸池之后,厚2米,高、宽各20米,重数百吨的钢闸门便缓缓地关闭,闸池里开始注水。几分钟后,水涨船高3。游轮在两岸电力机车的牵引下缓缓前进。这样连升两级之后,船已经升高了16米。出闸后,再驶过一个小湖,又到了第二组水闸。经过这座水闸,船又升高了9.5米。这样,船已高出海平面26米,进入“桥顶” 4。我们的游船驶进了长达13公里的主航道,只见5两岸山6如刀削,绿树红花,景色十分秀丽7。 游船出了峡谷,驶入了宽阔的加通湖。湖水倒映着远山白云,美丽的小岛时隐时现8。在湖中悠悠航行38公里之后,船来到了加通水闸,从此进入了“下桥”段。这座水闸共有三级,犹如三个巨大的台阶。游船经过加通水闸后,已经降到了与大西洋水面相同的高度。当船驶入利蒙湾时,美丽的加勒比海便出现在眼前9。 我们从太平洋来到大西洋10,彼此隔离的大洋因为有了巴拿马运河而相通。运河全长公里,宽度由150米到304米不等。5万吨级的巨轮,日夜畅通无阻。它无愧于“世界桥梁”的称誉。我由衷地赞美人类改造自然的智慧和勇气!我敬佩你,巴拿马人民! 导游告诉我们,巴拿马人民是有志气的。他们一方面正在改造现在这条运河;另一方面,还准备新建一条更长的运河,预计工程需要10年才能完成,它将成为人类有史以来最大的工程11。我们期待着它早日完成。 II. 理解难点提示(Suggestions for Comprehension) 1. 这里的“水闸”指什么参考下文的“进闸池”、“出闸”。

汉译英的几种翻译技巧

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2.Much of our morality is customary. 我们大部分的道德观念都有习惯性。 3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实,讨论使人机智,笔记使人精确。 4.Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智,读诗使人灵秀,数学使人周密,科学使人深刻,伦理使人庄重,逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 5. 没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. (No investigation, no right to speak.) 6. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。 Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 7. 留得青山在, 不怕没柴烧。 So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 8. 班门弄斧 Showing off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter. 9. 三个臭皮匠, 顶个诸葛亮。

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4猜字谜 字(生字)(字画)(名字)(文字) 左(左右)(左手)(左耳)(左边) 右(右手)(右耳)(左右)(右边) 红(红花)(火红)(口红)(红木) 时(小时)(时间)(有时)(午时) 动(生动)(开动)(动手)(动 车) 万 ( 万里)(千万)(万年)(十万) 第二单元课文 1吃水不忘挖井人 吃(吃力)(吃 苦)( 口吃)(小 吃) 叫(大叫)(叫 好)( 尖叫)(叫 门) 主(公主)(主 人)( 主力)(户 主) 江(长江)(江 水)( 江河)(过 江) 住(住口)(住 户)( 住手)(居 住) 没mci (没门)(没有)(没人)(没空)m b (吞没)(出没) 以(以后)(以前)(可以)(以上) 2 我多想去看看 会(大会)(开会)(不会)(工 会) 走(走火)(走开)(走动)(出 走) 北(北边)(北方)(北斗)(东 北) 京(北京)(京华)(上京) 门(开门)(门口)(门牙)(大 门) 广(广大)(广义)(广告)(广 东)

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有这样一个故事。 There is a story. 有人问:世界上什么东西的气力最大?回答纷纭的很,有的说“象”,有的说“狮”,有人开玩笑似的说:是“金刚”。金刚有多少气力,当然大家全不知道。 Someone asked,“Who has the greatest physical strength in the world? The view of this problem vary from person to person. Some said “The elephant”,some said “The lion” and someone joked that “It’s king kong”. But of course no one knows how strong the king kong was. 结果,这一切答案完全不对,世界上气力最大的,是植物的种子。一粒种子所可以显现出来的力,简直是超越一切,这儿又是一个故事。 Finally, all the answers are not right. The seeds of plants have the greatest physical strength in the world. The strength showed by a seed can transcend all. Here is a another story. 人的头盖骨,结合得非常致密与坚固,生理学家和解剖学者用尽了一切的方法,要把它完整地分出来,都没有这种力气,后来忽然有人发明了一个方法,就是把一些植物的种子放在要剖析的头盖骨里,给它以温度与湿度,使它发芽,一发芽,这些种子便以可怕的力量,将一切机械力所不能分开的骨骼,完整地分开了,植物种子力量之大,如此如此。 Human skull is tied together very closely and firmly. Physiologists and dissectors try everything to take them apart completely but fail. Then someone suddenly realized a good method to place some seeds of a plant inside a human skull and give them excellent temperature and humidity for bourgeon. Once they started to grow, they have a kind of terrible power to separate the skull completely which cannot be separated by any other mechanical force.We can see how powerful the seeds of a plant can be! 这,也许特殊了一点,常人不容易理解,那么,你看见笋的成长吗?你看见过被压在瓦砾和石块下面的一颗小草的生成吗?他为着向往阳光,为着达成它的生之意志,不管上面的石块如何重,石块与石块之间如何狭,它必定要曲曲折折地,但是顽强不屈地透到地面上来,它的根往土壤钻,它的芽往地面挺,这是一种不可抗的力,阻止它的石块,结果也被它掀翻,一粒种子的力量的大,如此如此。 This story may be too unusual for others to understand. Then, have you ever seen the growth of bamboo shoot? Have you ever seen the growth of a grass that is under the tiles and stones? No matter how heavy the stone is or how narrow the distance is between stone and stone, the grass will zigzag and bring itself to the surface of the ground indomitably just for the sunlight and the desire to survive. The strength is so irresistible when its roots drill into the soil and its buds break through to the surface of the earth. The grass overturn any stone which are in its way to grow. You can see how powerful a seed of a plant can be ! 没有一个人将小草叫做“大力士”,但是它的力量之大,的确是世界无比。这种力,是一般人看不见的生命力,只要生命存在,这种力就要显现,上面的石块,丝毫不足以阻挡,因为它是一种“长期坑战的力,有弹性,能屈能伸的力,有韧性,不达目的不止的力。 Though the little grass has never been said to be herculean, the power it shows is matchless in the world. It is an invisible force of life and so long as there is life, the force will show itself. The stone is

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1. 主语的确定 ?主语的三种处理方法: ?①以原句主语作译文主语 ?直接法 ?②重新确定主语 ?间接法 ?③增补主语 ?添加法 ?①直接法 ?例句1:我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 ?Our house was built over a hundred years ago. ?例句2:我是地球人。 ?I come from the earth. ?例句3:如果不恰当地处理,锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 ?Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?例句4:如果说,词汇是语言的“建筑材料”,那么,句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 ?If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writing. ?例句5:中国有两点是靠得住的,一是讲原则,二是说话算数。 ?China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. ?例句6:人有失错,马有漏蹄。 ?As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. ?非常简单

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2、姓氏歌 姓(姓氏)(百姓)氏(氏族)(姓氏)李(李树)(李子)张(张开)(张大)古(古今)(古诗)吴(吴山)(东吴)赵(姓赵)(完璧归赵)钱(钱包)(赚钱) 孙(子孙)(儿孙)周(周全)(周日) 王(王子)(王后)官(做官)(器官) 3 、小青蛙 青(青蛙)(青天)(青草)(青春) 清(清明)(清早)(清白)(一清二白) 气(天气)(力气)(和气)(正气) 晴(晴天)(晴日)(晴空)(雨过天晴) 情(友情)(同情)(心情)(人情) 请(请问)(请安)(回请)(请求) 生(学生)(花生)(生气)(出生) 3、小青蛙 清(清楚)(清洗)晴(晴天)(晴空) 眼(眼镜)(眼睛)睛(眼睛)(目不转睛) 保(保护)(保养)护(护士)(护卫)害(害怕)(害虫)事(事情)(故事)情(友情)(事情)请(有请)(请到)让(让开)(礼让)病(病人)(生病) 4、猜字谜 字(生字)(字画)(名字)(文字)

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16字征服四六级汉译英之一:合理断并 汉语句子结构较为松散,存在许多流水句,句与句之间多用逗号来连接。汉语中逗号的大量使用乃至随意使用给汉译英翻译带来很大困难。我们注意到,不少考生索性将汉语原文中的逗号完全原封不动地转移到英译文之中,严重违背了英语作文的基本规范。此外,汉语短句多且断句间往往不添加关联词以彰显逻辑关系,但译为英文时完全可以将某些汉语短句合并起来。在实际汉英操作中,考生应在研读原文和考虑自身语言能力的基础上,首先做出是断还是并的决策。以下分别就断句和并句提出一些方法。 一、断句 (一)在原文主语变化处断句 【例1】在明清期间,茶馆遍布全国,/饮茶在六世纪传到日本,但直到18世纪才传到欧美,/如今,茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。(CET-4:1312) 【参考译文】In the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses spread all over the country. Tea drinking was introduced into Japan in the 6th century while it had not been introduced into Europe or the United States until the 18th century. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. 【解析】这是一个典型的流水句,类似句子在汉语中可谓俯拾皆是。大体而言,原文可分为三个部分。第一部分谈茶馆,第二部分谈饮茶这一习俗的对外传播,第三部分谈茶的现状。鉴于此,可将这段中文处理为三个英文小句。 【例2】同样,中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器也传遍各地,/欧洲也是通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物,满足中国市场的需要。(CET-6:13-12) 【参考译文】Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain were also spread to the rest of the world through the Silk Road. And Europe exported all kinds of goods and plants through the Silk Road to meet the needs of the Chinese market.

新版部编语文一年级下生字组词

看拼音写汉字及组词通关 识字: 1 春ch ūn (春ch ūn 天ti ān )(春ch ūn 风f ēn ɡ ) 冬d ōn ɡ (冬d ōn ɡ 雪xu ě)(冬d ōn ɡ 天ti ān ) 风f ēn ɡ (冬d ōn ɡ 风f ēn ɡ )(秋qi ū 风f ēn ɡ ) 雪xu ě (飞f ēi 雪xu ě )(白b ái 雪xu ě ) 红h ?n ɡ(红h ?n ɡ 花hu ā )(红h ?n ɡ 色s a ) 飞f ēi (飞f ēi 鸟ni ǎo )(飞f ēi 虫ch ?n ɡ ) 入r ù (出ch ū 入r ù )(入r ù 口k ǒu ) 2 姓x ìn ɡ (姓x ìn ɡ 名m ín ɡ )(姓x ìn ɡ 氏sh ì ) 什sh ?n (什sh ?n 么me ) 么me (多du ō么me )(是sh ì么me ) 双shu ān ɡ(双shu ān ɡ 手sh ǒu )(双shu ān ɡ 人r ?n ) 国ɡu ? (中zh ōn ɡ 国ɡu ?)(全qu án 国ɡu ? ) 王w án ɡ(国ɡu ? 王w án ɡ )(王w án ɡ 子z ǐ ) 方f ān ɡ (东d ōn ɡ 方f ān ɡ )(方f ān ɡ 向xi àn ɡ) ——(方f ān ɡ 方正zh èn ɡ 正)(四s ì 四方f ān ɡ 方) 3 青q īn ɡ (青q īn ɡ 山sh ān )(青q īn ɡ 草c ǎo ) 清q īn ɡ(清q īn ɡ 水shu ǐ)(清q īn ɡ 早z ǎo )(清q īn ɡ 明m ín ɡ ) 气q ì (火hu ǒ 气q ì)(天ti ān 气q ì ) 晴q ín ɡ(晴q ín ɡ 天ti ān )(晴q ín ɡ 好h ǎo ) 情q ín ɡ(心x īn 情q ín ɡ )(同t ?n ɡ 情q ín ɡ ) 请q ǐn ɡ (请q ǐn ɡ 问w an )(有y ǒu 请q ǐn ɡ ) 生sh ēn ɡ (生sh ēn ɡ 气q ì )(学xu ? 生sh ēn ɡ ) 4 字z ì(生sh ēn ɡ 字z ì)(文w ?n 字z ì ) 左zu ǒ (左zu ǒ 手sh ǒu )(左zu ǒ 右y ?u ) 右y ?u (右y ?u 面mi àn )(左zu ǒ 右y ?u ) 时sh í (有y ǒu 时sh í )(小xi ǎo 时sh í ) 动d ?n ɡ(开k āi 动d ?n ɡ)(出ch ū 动d ?n ɡ )(生sh ēn ɡ 动d ?n ɡ ) 万w àn (一y í 万w àn )(万w àn 里l ǐ) 课文: 1 吃ch ī (吃ch ī 水shu ǐ )(吃ch ī 东d ōn ɡ 西x ī) 叫ji ào (叫ji ào 好h ǎo )(大d à 叫ji ào ) 主zh ǔ (主zh ǔ 人r ?n )(主zh ǔ 力l ì ) 江ji ān ɡ (江ji ān ɡ 水shu ǐ )(江ji ān ɡ 山sh ān ) (长ch án ɡ 江ji ān ɡ ) 住zh ù (住zh ù 手sh ǒu )(住zh ù 口k ǒu ) 没m ?i (没m ?i 有y ǒu )(没m ?i 门m ?n ) 以y ǐ (可k ě 以y ǐ )(以y ǐ 后h ?u ) 2 会hu ì(开k āi 会hu ì)(大d à 会hu ì ) 走z ǒu (走z ǒu 出ch ū )(走z ǒu 动d ?n ɡ ) ——(走z ǒu 来l ái 走z ǒu 去q ù ) 北b ěi (北b ěi 方f ān ɡ )(东d ōn ɡ 北b ěi ) 京j īn ɡ (北b ěi 京j īn ɡ )(东d ōn ɡ 京j īn ɡ ) 门m ?n (入r ù 门m ?n )(开k āi 门m ?n ) 广ɡu ǎn ɡ (广ɡu ǎn ɡ 大d à )(广ɡu ǎn ɡ 东d ōn ɡ )

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人大考博英语汉译英专项练习(1-10,含详解) 专项练习1 科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。古老的中国,曾在世界科技史上占有重要地位。今天的中国人民,不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果,也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。科技奥运将反映科技最新进展,集成全国科技创新成果,推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会;提高北京科技创新能力,推进高新技术成果的产业化及其在人民生活中的广泛应用,使北京奥运会成为展示高新技术成果和创新实力的窗口。 【参考译文】 Science and technology is the source power which can drive civilization of Human being. China, an old-line country, has had a high position in the world’s technology history. Today, Chinese people are not only sharing the harvest of technology and civilization with people from rest of the world, but promoting the science and technology in all kinds of field as well. High-tech Olympics means that we will closely follow the latest high-tech developments home and abroad and integrate the high-tech achievements nationwide so as to host a magnificent sports event in high-tech achievement. In doing so, Beijing’s capacity in high-tech innovation will be improved and the application of high-tech achievements in production and people’s life promoted. Beijing Olympic Games will be a window to showcase our high-tech achievements and innovative capacity. 专项练习2 去年,美国联邦航空管理局把用来计算飞机载荷的乘客平均体重提高了10磅。因为当时原油价格创下了历史新记录,作为应对措施,很多公司不得不提高机票价格中的燃料费用。 美国人和欧洲人不断发胖的趋势促使政府发动健康运动,同时人们严厉谴责许多食品公司。麦当劳连锁店在谴责声中受到冲击,因而不得不在最近几个月里修改菜单,增加了一些更有利于健康的食物。这一举动促使麦当劳的盈利增加。然而,据专家预测,人类注定会越来越胖,会对航空公司的利润空间形成不断增加的压力。 【参考译文】 Last year, the Federal Aviation Administration increased by ten pounds the average passenger weight they use to calculate aircraft loads. Since then crude oil prices have hit record levels, with many firms responding by raising the fuel surcharge they add to ticket prices. The rising level of obesity in the US and in Europe has prompted government health campaigns and harsh criticism of a number of food firms. Restaurant chain McDonald’s has taken the brunt of the attack and has in recent months reworked its menu to include healthier options. The move has helped lift profits. The prediction by experts, however, is that humans are set to become bigger, putting increasing pressure on airline profit. 专项练习3 据最新估计,雅典奥运会的开支已达到100亿美元,这对于希腊这样的小国来说可是一笔不小的数目,何况它曾经是欧盟中最贫穷的国家。 希腊对这次奥运会可能带来的美好前景寄予厚望,并想借此机会(向世界)展示一个“焕然一新”的希腊,以吸引新的投资者和游客。但是,本国运动员的兴奋剂丑闻和旅游业的低靡破坏了希腊的形象,这使希腊政府十分恼火。希腊财政部的一位重要官员告诉记者,希腊只有正确处理好公众关系,才能使雅典奥运会的开销变成投资。

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