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中国政府部门及职位翻译一览

中国政府部门及职位翻译一览
中国政府部门及职位翻译一览

中共中央总书记General Secretary,the CPC Central Committee

政治局常委Member,Standing Committee of Political Bureau,the CPC Central Committee

政治局委员Member,Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee

书记处书记Member,secretariat of the CPC Central Committee

中央委员Member,Central Committee

候补委员Alternate Member…

省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC

党组书记secretary,Party Leadership Group

中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President,the People's Republic of China

全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman,National People's Congress

秘书长Secretary-General

主任委员Chairman委员Member

(地方人大)主任Chairman,Local People's Congress

人大代表Deputy to the People's Congress

国务院总理Premier,State Council

国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General

(国务院各委员会)主任Minister in Charge of Commission for

(国务院各部)部长Minister

部长助理Assistant Minister

司长Director

局长Director

省长Governor

常务副省长Executive Vice Governor

自治区人民政府主席Chairman,Autonomous Regional People's Government

地区专员Commissioner,prefecture

香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive,Hong Kong Special Administrative

Region

市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor

区长Chief Executive,District Government

县长Chief Executive,County Government

乡镇长Chief Executive,Township Government

秘书长Secretary-General

办公厅主任Director,General Office

(部委办)主任Director

处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief

科长/股长Section Chief

科员Clerk/Officer

发言人Spokesman

顾问Adviser

参事Counselor

巡视员Inspector/Monitor

特派员Commissioner

人民法院院长President,People's Courts

人民法庭庭长Chief Judge,People's Tribunals

审判长Chief Judge

审判员Judge

书记Clerk of the Court

法医Legal Medical Expert

法警Judicial Policeman

人民检察院检察长Procurator-General,People's procuratorates 监狱长Warden

律师Lawyer

公证员Notary Public

总警监Commissioner General

警监Commissioner

警督Supervisor

警司Superintendent

警员Constable

总理Premier

副总理Vice-Premiers

国务委员State Councillors

秘书长Secretary-General

副秘书长Deputy Secretaries-General

总理办公室主任Director of Premier's Office

国务院所属各部委(29个)ministries and commissions under the State Council

外交部部长Minister of Foreign Affairs外交部副部长Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs

国防部部长Minister of National Defense

国家发展计划委员会主任Minister in charge of State Development Planning Commission

国家经济贸易委员会主任Minister in charge of State Economic and Trade Commission

教育部部长Minister of Education

科学技术部部长Minister of Science and Technology

国防科学技术工业委员会主任Minister in charge of Commission of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defence

国家民族事务委员会主任Minister in charge of State Ethnic Affairs Commission

公安部部长Minister of Public Security

国家安全部部长Minister of State Security

监察部部长Minister of Supervision

民政部部长Minister of Civil Affairs

司法部部长Minister of Justice

财政部部长Minister of Finance

人事部部长Minister of Personnel

劳动和社会保障部部长Minister of Labor and Social Security

国土资源部部长Minister of Land and Resources

建设部部长Minister of Construction

铁道部部长Minister of Railways

交通部部长Minister of Communications

信息产业部部长Minister of Information Industry

水利部部长Minister of Water Resources

农业部部长Minister of Agriculture

对外贸易经济合作部部长Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation

文化部部长Minister of Culture

卫生部部长Minister of Health

国家计划生育委员会主任Minister in charge of State Family Planning Commission

中国人民银行行长Governor of People's Bank of China

国务院直属机构(17个)(organizations directly under the State Council 海关总署署长Director of General Administration of Customs

国家税务总局局长Director of State Administration of Taxation

国家工商行政管理总局局长Director of General Administration for Industry and Commerce

国家质量监督检验检疫总局局长Director of State General Administration of the People's Republic of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine

国家环境保护总局局长Director of State Environmental Protection Administration

中国民用航空总局局长Director of General Administration of Civil Aviation of China(CAAC)

国家广播电影电视总局局长Director of State Administration of Radio,Film and Television

新闻出版总署(国家版权局)署长Director of General Administration of Press and Publication(National Copyright Administration)

国家体育总局局长Director of State General Administration of Sport

国家统计局局长Director of National Bureau of Statistics

国家林业局局长Director of State Forestry Bureau

国家药品监督管理局局长Director of State Drug Administration

国家知识产权局局长Director of State Intellectual Property Office

国家旅游局局长Director of National Tourism Administration

国家宗教事务局局长Director of State Administration of Religious Affairs 国务院参事室主任Director of Counsellors'Office of the State Council 国务院机关事务管理局局长Director of Government Offices Administration of the State Council

1、带“长”字的头衔怎么译

头衔和称谓最复杂的莫过于带“长”字号的头衔了,上至中央一级,下至行政村,级级都有“长”。因其复杂,便有各种各样的译法。“长”字通常译为chief,

head,director,president,chairman,commander,commissioner等词。

用chief,如:

国家教委的司长、局长、省属的厅长、局长——chief of

the...department(bureau),

国务院直属局的局长——chief of the...administration,处长——division chief,

科长、股长——section chief,

区长——administration chief of...district,

乡长——administrative chief of...township,镇长——administrative

chief of...town,

参谋长——chief of staff,

检察长——chief of procurator,

审判长——chief judge(或chief of judges)。

用head,如:

司长、厅长——head of a department(bureau),

县长——head of a county,

村长——village head,

中小学校长——head of a secondary/primary school,

火车站站长——head of a station,

代表团团长——head of a delegation。

用director,如:

研究院院长、研究所所长——director of an institute,

医院院长——director of a hospital,

厂长——factory director。

用president,如:

中国科学院(包括社会科学院、农业科学院、林业科学院、医学科学院等)院长——president of the Chinese academy of...,

大学校长——president of a university,

各种协会、学会会长或理事长——president of an

association/society/council,

董事长——president of a company。

用commander,如:

司令、军长、师长、团长、营长、连长——https://www.wendangku.net/doc/eb931409.html,mander。

用commissioner,如:

自治州州长、省级厅厅长——commissioner,

公安局长——police commissioner,

公路局长——commmissioner of highway。

2、带“总”字的头衔、称谓怎么译

“总”字在各种职务、职称中的译法主要有两种:

用chief(-in-chief)和general(-general).

总司令——commander-in-chief,

总参谋长——chief of the general staff,

总监——chief inspector,

总经济师——chief economist,

总工程师——chief engineer,

总编辑——editor-in-chief,

总设计师——chief designer,

总书记——secretary general,

总领事——consul general,

总经理——general manager,总代表——general deputy, 总会计师——general accountant。

3、带“主”字的头衔、称谓怎么译

带“主”字的头衔、称谓有“主席”、“主任”、“主管”等。

除国家主席通常用president外,

一般的“主席”用chairman,

“主任”用director、chief(或-in-chief)、head,

“主管”用chief、in chief(或-in-charge)等词。

如:

委员会主席——chairman,

主笔——chief editor(或editor-in-chief),

研究室主任——head of a lab,

主任秘书——chief secretary,

办公厅主任——head of general office,

办公室主任——head of office,

一般性委员会的委员长、主席、主任委员、主任——general board,

大学的系主任——head of the department of...。

4、带“副”字的头衔、称谓怎么译

英语里常用vice-,deputy-,associate,assistant,co-,sub-,等单词和前缀来

表示“副”字,按习惯不同选用。

一般来说,职位较高的副职人员多采用vice-,如:

国家副主席——vice president,

副委员长、副主任委员——vice-chairman,

副总理——vice-premier,

国务院属各部副部长——vice-minister,

中国科学院等国家级研究院副院长——vice-president,

副省长——vice-governor,

大学副校长——vice-president。

职务稍低的副职人员多用deputy来翻译,如:

副市长——deputy mayor,

副书记——deputy Party secretary,

副秘书长——deputy secretary general,

副主任——deputy director,

副总编——deputy editor-in-chief,

研究院,所的副职——deputy director等。

大学里的副教授一般用associate professor,不用vice-professor或deputy professor,同样的例子如:

副研究员——associate research fellow,

副主编——associate editor,

副审判长——associate chief judge,

学院的副院长、大学的副教务长——associate dean。

在行政职务中,assitant指“助手”,可译作“副”或“助理”,即正职的主要助手,如:

部长助理——assistant minister,

副司令员——assistant commander,

公司副经理——assistant manager,

副校长(中小学)——assistant headmaster;

在技术职称中,assistant指“助理”,如:

助理工程师——assistant engineer,

助理农艺师——assistant agronomist,

助理会计师——assistant accountant,

助理巡视员——assistant counsel。

用sub-作为前缀来译“副”字,有“下级”、“助理”、“次要”之意,如:

大学副系主任——sub-dean,

副专员、副州长——sub-commissioner,

副院长——sub-principal,

中小学副校长——sub-master等。

译“副”字时,要注意英语的习惯搭配。

一般来说,vice与president,premier,chairman,minister,governor搭配; deputy与director,chief,head secretary,dean,mayor搭配;

sub-与commissioner,dean,head,chief,editor,master,chairman,principal

搭配。

一些不符合英语习惯的搭配要防止,如:

vice-professor,vice-director,vice-manager,vice-mayor,vice-mayor,vice-editor-in-chief.

5.关于“兼”、“代”、“名誉”等字的搭配

名片上的头衔、称谓有时可以看到“兼”、“代”、“名誉”等词,如:副市长兼计划生育委员会主任,代市长,名誉校长。处理的办法是:

译“兼”字时,在主职和兼职之间加上and concurrently即可,如:

副省长兼外办主任——vice-governor and concurrently chief of the office for foreign affairs;

译“代”字时在前面加个acting,如:

代市长——acting mayor,

代主任——acting director;

译“名誉”时,可用honorary,如:

名誉主席——honorary advisor,

名誉董事长——honorary chairman of the board。

但有些名誉头衔习惯用emeritus,如:

大学名誉校长——president emeritus(或emeritus president),

研究所的名誉所长、研究院的名誉院长——director emeritus(或emeritus director),

名誉教授——professor emeritus(或emeritus professor)。

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1.香囊(scented sachet),古代也称“香袋”,通常是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织的袋子,里面塞满香草(aromatic herbs)。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫和避邪。香囊不仅有用,而且可作装饰品。它们的形状和大小各异,有圆形、椭圆形和其他形状。它们通常配有精致的图案,每个图案都象征着特别的含义。例如,双鱼或成对蝴蝶图案象征男女之爱;莲花或牡丹花(peony flower)等图案象征女性;松树和仙鹤图案象征长寿;石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮的香囊不仅是装饰品,而且含有丰富的文化和历史内涵。 翻译:Scented sachets, also called “fragrant bags” in ancient times, are bags usually sewed with cloth or weaved with multicolor silk threads and stuffed with aromatic herbs. The fragrant bags were originally used for absorbing sweat, repelling insects and warding off evils. Scented sachets are not only useful, but also ornamental. They come in different shapes and sizes, such as round, oval and many others. And they are normally decorated with elaborate patterns, with each pattern symbolizing a special meaning.For instance,a double-fish or double-butterfly pattern smybolizes the love between a man and a woman;patterns like lotus or peony flowers symbolize women;pine and crane patterns symbolize longevity and a guava pattern is the symbol of lots of children.A nice scented sachet is not just an ornament,but more of something that contains cultural and historical richness. 2.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会,是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己,远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术,这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生,然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天,阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。 翻译:Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive society, this was the philosophical explanation of human's perception of life. Chinese ancestors philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar”,which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue life through propagation are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a person's first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day, the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture of Chinese society.Chinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts. 3.象棋(Chinese chess)两人玩的棋盘游戏,源于春秋战国时期的军事战略。早期的象棋由三部分组成:棋子、骰(dice)和棋盘。现代象棋没有骰子,它在棋子和棋盘方面与古代不同。棋盘有9行宽、10行长,共90个交叉点,构成方形网格(grid)。棋子在交叉点上落子或移动。对弈者在棋盘进行象征性的军很战争,部署马匹、战车,根据自己对棋局和游戏规则的理解组织军队。目前,中国象棋已传至全世界,进一步传承、发扬中国传统文化。

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中国国家机关名称China's State Organs 全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC) 主席团Presidium 常务委员会Standing Committee 办公厅General Office 秘书处Secretariat 代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee 提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee 民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee 法律委员会Law Committee 财务经济委员会Finance Affairs Committee 外事委员会Foreign and Economy Committee 教育,科学,文化委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 法制委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs 特定问题委员会Committee of Inquiry into Special Questions 宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution 中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China 中央军事委员会Central Military Commission 最高人民法院Supreme People's Court 最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate 国务院State Council (1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence 国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission 国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 教育部Ministry of Education

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1、香囊(scentedsachet),古代也称“香袋”,通常就是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织得袋子,里面塞满香草(aromatic herbs)。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫与避邪。香囊不仅有用,而且可作装饰品。它们得形状与大小各异,有圆形、椭圆形与其她形状。它们通常配有精致得图案,每个图案都象征着特别得含义。例如,双鱼或成对蝴蝶图案象征男女之爱;莲花或牡丹花(peony flower)等图案象征女性;松树与仙鹤图案象征长寿;石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮得香囊不仅就是装饰品,而且含有丰富得文化与历史内涵。 翻译:Scentedsachets, also called “fragrant bags"in ancient times,are b ags usually sewedwithcloth or weaved with multicolor silk thread sand stuffedwith aromaticherbs、The fragrant bags were originally used for absorbing sweat,repelling insects andwardingoffevils、Scented sachets are notonly useful, but also ornamental、They e in different shapesand sizes, such as round,ovaland manyother s、And they arenormally decorated with elaborate patterns, with each pattern symbolizing a special meaning、For instance,adouble-fish ordouble-butterflypattern smybolizes thelove betweena man an dawoman;patterns like lotus or peony flowers symbolizewomen;pine and crane patternssymbolize longevity and a guava patternis the symbol of lots ofchildren、A nice scented sachetis not just an ornament,but moreof somethingthat containscultural and his torical richness、 2、中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会,就是对人类得人生感悟得哲学注解.中国人祖先得哲学论断就是“近瞧自己,远观她人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术得原始艺术,这一结论必不可少。人类得本能欲望就是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来得首要本能就是求生,然后就是长寿。从原始社会到今天,阴阳与永生得观念始终贯穿中国得社会生活与民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会得所有基本哲学理念. 翻译:Chinese folkartandChinesephilosophy are unified inthe belief thatyin—yang produces all living things in the world、OriginatedinChineseprimitivesociety, thiswas thephilosophical explanation of human's perception of life、Chinese ancestorsphilosophicalconclusion wasto“look atoneself up close andother creatures from afar",which is essential to the understandingof the primiti ve arttothe folk art ofthe nation、To live and tocontinue life through propagation are thetwo instinctive desires of human、From birth,aperson'sfirst instinct is to survive, and then to livealong li fe、From primitivesocietytothe present day,the view of yin-yangand perpetual life has permeated in all aspectsofsociallife and the nationalculture of Chinesesociety、Chinese folk art re flects allof the basicphilosophicalconcepts、

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