高考英语语法专题讲解(冠词)

高考英语语法专题讲解（冠词）

冠词的用法在英语学习中较为复杂，千头万绪，尤其是惯用法，请同学们平时学习时注意积累。以下不过是谈谈冠词的一些常规的用法。

一、不定冠词的用法：

1、泛指人或事物的类别，相当于any, 如:

A hammer is tool. A steel worker makes steel.

2、泛指某人或某物。

A boy is waiting for you. There is a book on your desk.

3、表one或every。

We work 8 hours a day.I go home twice a month.

4、表示the same 的意思。

Birds of a (= the same) feather flock together; people of a kind come together.

5、用在不可数名词前

a)（用在物质名词前）一种，一份

A large coffee for me.It was a wonderful tea.

b)（用在某些表示风、雨等的名词前）

It was clear daylight now and a fine rain was falling.There is a cold wind this morning.

c)（用在抽象名词前）一种

That is a great disappointment.It’s a pleasure to work with you.

6、（用在某些专有名词前）某个叫…的人，一张…的画，一个象…的人等。

I saw a Mrs. Smith on the 12th at 2:00.He had a Van Gogh in the dining-room.

What a strange London they saw!He’s a living Lei Feng.

7、用于某些固定词组中。

a few, a little, a good many, a lot of, all of a sudden, as a rule, have a cold等。

8、在元音音素开头的名词前应用an, 如an apple, an English book。要以发音为准，并非以元音字母而定。如a

university, an hour, an “h”, an X-ray examination.

二、定冠词的用法。

1、表特定的或上文提到的人或物。

The boy likes the film.Shut the door, please.

The old poor peasant has a son. The son is a model worker.

2、表示世界上独一无二的东西。

the earth, the moon, the stars, the sun（但space前不用）

3、用在序数词、形容词或副词最高级前。

the second, the tallest, the last, the first.

4、用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派或组织机构等的专有名词前。

the United States; the People’s Republic of China; the Communist Party of China; the Chinese People’s Liberation Army; the No. 15 Middle School; the department of Education.

5、用在某些建筑物名称前。

The Great Hall of the People; the Monument to the People’s Heroes; the Great Wall; the Capital Theatre; the Space Museum; the Peace Hotel。

6、用在江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾等专有名词前。

The Changjiang River, the Red Sea, the Dabie Mountains, the English Channel, the Taiwan Straits, the Persian Gulf。

7、用在报纸、会议、条约等专有名词前。

the People’s Daily（但：China Daily）the New York Times, the 15th Party Congress, the Geneva Agreement

8、用在方位名词前，某些习惯短语中或结构搭配中。

on the left, in the east, in the morning, on the other hand, in the end, hit sb on the head, catch sb by the arm

9、用在形容词前表一类人。

the poor, the dead, the young, the rich, the wounded.

10、用在双方都知，不言而喻的名词前。

Give me the book. Who’s the man?

用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妇二人。

the Smiths, the Greens, the Wangs, the Turners

11、用在单数可数名词前泛指某类人或物(指整个一类)。

The horse is a useful animal.

The computer was invaded not long ago. （但更多时候表特指：The horse is ill. ）

12、指世纪的年代。

in the 1890’s或in the 1890s

13、用在表示乐器的名词前。

play the piano (the guitar, the violin, the flute)

14、用在某国语言前，构成the … language的形式。

The English language is very widely used all over the world.

如果单用国家变来的语言名词形式，则不用the。

Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world.

15、用于“论（或按）……计”之类的意思。

He got paid by the hour. They sell the cloth by the meter.

三、不用冠词的场合。

1、专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名前一般不用冠词。

China, Johnson;Air is matter.Sound is invisible.

2、当名词已被指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格限制时。

This book is good.I read my English book every day.

3、注：指示代词和物主代词亦不能并用。＊my that book, 应该说：that book of mine.

街名、广场名、公园名前。

Wall Street. Tian’anmen Square, Hyde Park.

4、省市、大学名前。

Hubei Province (但the Province of Hubei); Wuhan City(但the City of Wuhan); Qinghua University(但：the University of Qinghua)

5、湖泊前一般不用冠词。

East Lake, Salt Lake, Dongting Lake

6、山峰前不用冠词。

Mount Hua, Mount Tai, Mount Everest

7、月份、星期、节日、三餐饭的名词前。

March, Christmas, Sunday;Have you had lunch?Spring is the best season of the years.

(但月份或季节被限定则须冠词。I arrived here in the winter of 1993.)

8、称呼语，表示头街或职务作宾补或同位语的名词。

What’s this, John?We made Li Hai monitor.

9、学科名、球类、棋类名词六前。

We like maths.They often play football.

10、泛指的复数名词前。

Students must work hard at their lesson.

11、与by连用的交通工具或表示方式、手段的名词前。

by bus, by hand, by radio, by air, by water.

冠词用法巩固练习

1.— I’m afraid I dare not speak in ______ public.

— Just have ______ try.

A. a; 不填;

B. 不填; a

C. the; a

D. the; the

2.As you know, _____ man can’t live without ____ water.

A. 不填; 不填;

B. a; the

C. a; 不填;

D. 不填; the

3.The police have ______ power to arrest bad people by _____ law.

A. the; the

B. 不填; the

C. 不填; 不填;

D. the; 不填;

4.Paris is ______ most beautiful city, where you can see _____ famous Eiffel Tower.

A. a; the

B. a; 不填;

C. the; a

D. 不填; the

5.— Do you like the novels?

— I don’t like either of them. Please show me _______ third one.

A. a

B. the

C. X

D. an

6.Keep away from the cage. _____ lion is ______ fierce animal.

A. The; the

B. A; the

C. A; 不填;

D. The; a

7.The class named _______ Lei Fang is one of the best classed in this school.

A. in honor of

B. in the place of

C. in favor of

D. in the way of

8.— What about ______ bike?

— Do you think it all right to buy him that bike as ____ birthday gift?

A. a; a

B. the; a

C. a; the

D. the ; the

9.First aid is _____ science of giving ____ medical care to ______ person.

A. the; 不填; a

B. the; the; a

C. a; 不填; the

D. 不填; a; the

10.Please pay attention to your spelling. You’ve dropped _____ “n” here.

A. an

B. the

C. 不填;

D. a

11.Bill Clinton took _____ office on January 20th, 1993, and became _______ 42nd US President.

A. an; the

B. 不填; the

C. the; 不填;

D. 不填; 不填;

12.— Have you seen _______ pen? I left it here this morning?

— I think I saw _____ one somewhere. Is it ______ red one?

A. a; the; a

B. a; a; the

C. the; 不填; a

D. a; 不填; a

13.— The news is spreading from mouth to mouth.

— Yes, it’s become ______ talk of _____ town.

A. a; a

B. the; 不填;

C. the; the

D. a; 不填;

14.Now the machine runs at double _______.

A. a speed

B. speed

C. the speed

D. for speed

15.— I hope you will be ready to leave on time.

— Don’t worry. I’ll be ready ____ the taxi arrives.

A. by the time

B. in time for

C. at the time of

D. until the time when

16.If he goes on swimming in that lake for _____ four hours, he _______ in it for twelve hours.

A. another; will have been swimming

B. a; will swim

C. other; has swum

D. the; will be swimming

17.— Charley Oakley, _______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in past three years.

— I can’t believe it.

A. an; a

B. a; the

C. the; a

D. an; the

18.— What did you think of the place?

— I didn’t car for it at ____ first, but after _____ time I got to like it.

A. 不填; the

B. the; a

C. the; 不填;

D. 不填; a

19.— In the past ten years, there have been many changes in family life.

— Are these changes ______?

A. better or worse

B. for best or for worst

C. for the good or for the bad

D. for the better or for the worse

20.The letter _______. I should have received it this morning.

A. is to be mailed

B. has been mailed

C. had been mailed

D. was being mailed

21.Towards ____ morning, _____ heavy snow began to fall.

A. the; a

B. an; a

C. a; 不填; D不填; the

22.My mother is usually on ________ duty in her office every ______ few days.

A. the; a

B. 不填; a

C. 不填; 不填;

D. a; 不填;

23.He has finished _______.

A. a day work

B. day’s working

C. a day’s work

D. a day-work

24.— May we come in right now?

— Certainly, but only two are allowed ______.

A. at a time

B. in a while

C. at one time

D. for a while

25.No wonder _____ failed in the driving test for _____ second time.

A. has she; the

B. she has; the

C. has she; a

D. she has; a

26.— When did you recognize her?

— _________ I met her.

A. A moment

B. The moment

C. The moment when

D. For a moment

27.— Is this radio show still _______?

— No. It will be broadcast again next month.

A. by air

B. through the air

C. on the air

D. in the air

28.The evening meal for Americans is usually long and _____ for families to gather together.

A. time

B. a date

C. a time

D. the date

29.Duffield White, who is in _____ charge of the competition, said that the boy was the youngest winner of _______ prize.

A不填; a B. the; the C. 不填; the D. one; the

30.The building was named Ford Hall ________ a man named James Ford.

A. for memory of

B. in the memory that

C. in memory of

D. in a memory for

31.Oh, Mary, _______ you have given us! I _______ so soon.

A.how pleasant surprise; had no idea that you come

B.how pleasant surprise; don’t suppose you will come

C.how pleasant a surprise; didn’t suppose you would come

D.what pleasant surprise; don’t think you have come

32.These two rooms are of _____ size. But another two rooms are three times _____ size of them.

A. the; the

B. a; the

C. a; a

D. the; a

33.It is not rare in _____ that people in _____ fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s; the

B. the 90s; 不填;

C. 90’s; their

D. the 90’s; their

34.— What’s your elder sister?

— She is ____ teacher and _______ writer.

A. the; the

B. a; 不填;

C. a; a

D. the; a

35.Professor Smith had not given _____ talk on Shakespeare for a long time, so he had to brush up on some of ______

plays.

A. 不填; 不填;

B. a; the

C. the; 不填;

D. the; the

36.______ played an important roll in field hospitals during the war.

A. A X-ray equipment

B. An X-ray equipment

C. X-ray equipments

D. X-ray equipment

37.At midnight they reached _____ small village _____ east of _____ Ever-white Mountain.

A. a; 不填; the

B. a; 不填; 不填;

C. the; the; the

D. the; an; an

38.Young as he is, David has gained _______ rich experience in _____ society.

A. 不填; 不填;

B. the; the

C. a; 不填;

D. 不填; the

39.— What do you think of the TV play “Hand in Hand”?

— Just so-so. However, I don’t think it is worth watching ________.

A. a second time

B. the second time

C. for the second time

D. secondly

40.The warmth of ______ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _____ wool used.

A. the; the

B. the; 不填

C. 不填; the

D.不填；不填

Key 1—10. BADAA DABAA 11—20. BDDCA AADAD 21—30. ACCAD BCCCC 31—40. CBDBB DAAAB

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冠词 (一)冠词的分类： 冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种。 （二）不定冠词的用法： 1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前，表示"一" There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。 2. 表示一类人或事物 A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。 ※定冠词the+形容词（也代表一类人）The poor are still poor. 3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思 A Mr Smith wants to see you. 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。 He wants to be a Max in the future.他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。 4. 表示"同一"；"每一"的意思 They are nearly of an age. 他们几乎同岁。 We go swimming four times a week. 我们每周去游泳四次。 5. 第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个 Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter. 6.用在某些表示数量的词组中： a lot of 许多 a couple of 一对 a great many 很多 7.用于习惯用语中 all of a sudden 突然in fact=as a matter of fact 事实上as a result 结果have a cold 感冒have a good(nice,wonderful,great)time 玩得高兴 （三）定冠词用法： 1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物 Open the door, please. 请把门打开。 3. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”） Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him.

冠词的讲解(史上最全冠词讲解)

冠词 一、不定冠词的用法 a an 1.a 辅音音标an 元音音标开头 1. a pen a European country an elephant an hour a useful pen 2.单数可数名词前 He works six days a week There is an island over there 3.单数可数名词前表一类人或物 A tailor makes clothees An owl can see in the dark 猫头鹰 4.首次提及的人或物 She is sitting on a chair Charlie bought a new motorbike 5.a/an相当于one 表示数量“一” I have a yellow umbrella 6.相当于some“某个” A Mr.Green called you just now 7.表示“成对”概念 There is a knife and fork on the table 比较：there is a knife and a fork on the table 一个刀子和一个叉子 8.固定搭配 Have a fever have a look have a good time 有一个快乐的时刻 Have a bath have a talk many a time很多次In a word总之 9.and 连接的两个名词前 They are a teacher and a writer She is a teacher and writer老师兼作家 10. 表示"每一"的意思 We go swimming four times a week. 二、定冠词的用法 1.特指双方都明白的人或物 Take the medicine.把药吃了。 2.上文提到过的人或事 He bought a house.I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子我去过那幢房子3.有后置定语的 the way to do sth He is the man who teaches us English 4.指世上独一无二的事物 the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth，the world the universe 5.序数词前 The first the second the third 6.最高级前 The most beautiful the brightest 7.江河湖海地里专有名词 The River Seine the Great wall 8. 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妇