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必修四第一单元教案

必修四第一单元教案
必修四第一单元教案

必修四第一单元教案

教学园地

10-10 1953

必修四第一单元教案

红星中学高一备课组

窦娥冤

三维目标

知识与能力

1.了解元杂剧的特点及相关知识。

2.把握全剧的故事情节并分析窦娥的形象,理解窦娥形象的社会意义,掌握戏剧的主题。

3.品味“本色化”戏剧语言。

过程与方法

1.合作探究,透过戏剧冲突分析人物形象。

2.鉴赏品味,领略戏剧语言艺术。

情感态度与价值观

感受窦娥身上的人性美,认识恶劣社会秩序对人性的摧残,培养学生向善的心灵。

教学重点理清戏剧冲突的主要方面,分析人物形象。

教学难点窦娥对天地既斥骂又依赖的矛盾中透露出思想的复杂性。

教学方法合作探究、鉴赏品味

教具准备多媒体课件。

课时安排3课时。

教学过程

第一课时

导入新课

1.介绍关汉卿:

关汉卿,号己斋叟,金末元初大都(现北京)人。元代杂剧的代表作家,也是我国戏剧史上最早也最伟大的戏剧作家。他与郑光祖、白朴、马致远齐名,被称为“元曲四大家”。

2.介绍元杂剧:

元杂剧有一套较严格的体制:

①结构:元杂剧一般是一本四折演一完整的故事,个别的有五折、六折或多本连演。

②角色:扮演的角色有末、旦、净、丑等。元杂剧每本戏只有一个主角,男主角称正末,女主角称正旦。此外,男配角有副末(次主角)、外末(老年男子)、小末(少年)等;女配角有副旦、外旦、小旦等。

③剧本的构成:剧本由唱、科、白三部分构成。

指导阅读

1.阅读“自读提示”中与本折有关的情节。

2.阅读课文。

3.提问式阐述:文学史上公认课文所选部分是全剧的高潮。但在前两折里,已经把窦娥受害的故事情节交待得清楚明白。窦娥与张驴儿的冲突,窦娥在公堂上的斗争,都已在前两折里表现出来,那么高潮为什么出现在第三折里?

通过阅读课文,我们发现;第三折里仅有窦娥指天发誓,刑场受戮,故事情节简单,而构成窦娥矛盾冲突的对立面,如社会恶势力的代表张驴儿、元代残酷统治的典型官府都隐藏在幕后,没有冲突,就没有戏剧,更没有高潮,可见,全剧高潮出在第三折里是与戏剧本身的特点分不开的。

4.提问:在课文中共出现多少曲牌?都属什么宫调?

明确:共出现10个曲牌,都属于正宫调。

5.提问:根据10个曲牌和故事情节,把课文分成若干层次。(按“思考和练习”一的要求)

明确:10个曲牌有3个层次。使剧情有张有弛,有烘托、有渲染,扣人心弦,催人泪下。

6.分析第1层。齐读第1层两支曲子。

7.提问:窦娥为什么要指斥天地鬼神?

明确:窦娥诉说自己莫名其妙犯法受刑,冤屈之大可“动地惊天”。又因为窦娥的冲突对象隐于幕后,而天地鬼神便成了她的指斥对象。由于内心的悲愤难以控制,便构成了对天地的怨恨与控诉。

布置作业

1.默写[滚绣球]曲牌,整理“思考和练习”五。

2.结合“思考和练习”三,研究阅读第2、3两个层次。

3.熟悉剧本的三个组成部分。

第二课时

教学要求

1.阅读分析第2层内容,归纳窦娥的性格特点。

2.体会第3层中采用的浪漫主义表现手法及在当时的作用。

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