常用政治术语的英文翻译

马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想
Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought.
新民主主义革命　new-democratic revolution　民族独立和人民解放　national independence and the liberation of the people
经济体制改革和政治体制改革　reforms in the economic and political structure.
社会主义制度　socialist system　社会变革　social transformation.
建设有中国特色的社会主义事业　the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.
中华民族的伟大复兴　the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领　the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.
改革开放政策　the policies of reform and opening to the outside.
中国共产党十一届三中全会　The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
马克思主义政党　Marxist political Party.
党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体　the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation.
人民民主专政　the people's democratic dictatorshipl
国民经济体系　national economic system.
综合国力　aggregate national strength.
国内生产总值　the annual gross domestic product(GDP).
独立自主的和平外交政策　an independent foreign policy of peace.
马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合　the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.
加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力　strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.
“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
"Three Represent's" shows that our Party must always represent therequirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature
党的理论、路线、纲领、方

针、政策　Party's theory, line, program, principles and policies,
工人阶级的先锋队　the vanguard of the working class.
生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑　productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute.
　科学技术是第一生产力　science and technology are the primary productive force.
　社会主义物质文明和精神文明　material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.
有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民　citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline.
自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识　self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.
依法治国和以德治国　the rule of law and the rule of virtue.
科教兴国战略　the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education.
倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想　advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas.
先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐　be concern about the country and the people before anything else.
全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民　serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people.
解放思想、实事求是　emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts.
主观主义、形而上学　subjectivism, metaphysics.
民主集中制、党内民主　democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy.
集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定　collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting.
政治路线确定之后，干部就是决定因素　cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided.
党管干部的原则　the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres' affairs.
公开、平等、竞争、择优　open, fair, competition, basis of merits.
公开选拔、竞争上岗　the supervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment.
自重、自省、自警、自励　self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation.
以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子　to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements.
小康社会、小康生活　well-to-do society, well-to-do life.
四项基本原则　Four Cardinal Principles.
社会主义初级阶段　the primary stage of socialism.
“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力” gualified pol

itically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support.
台独　taiwan's "independence"
和平与发展　peace and development
冷战　cold war
世界多极化、经济全球化　world multi-polarization and economic globalization
联合国宪章　UN Charter
独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务　independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs Cooperation.
世贸中心　World Trade Center
恐怖主义　terrorism
开放攻坚，改革跟进，稳定保障，加快发展　open and storm fortification, reform and follow-up, stable and secure, speed up development.
工作策略　the working tactics
以企业为中心的工业化核心战略　the strategy at the core of industrialization around enterprises(take the enterprises as the center).
中国特色词汇汉译英:
A. AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch 《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) 爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace 安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families 按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost 按揭贷款 mortgage loan 按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance 暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly 暗亏 hidden loss 澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul 奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult
B. B to B (B2B) business to business B to C (B2C) business to consumer 巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 白马王子 Prince Charming 白色行情表 white sheet 白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture"; It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.) 白手起家 starting from scratch 白雪公主 Snow White 摆架子 put on airs 摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances 拜年 pay New Year call 搬迁户 relocated families 半拉子工程 uncompleted project 棒球运动记者 scribe 傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybags 包干到户 work contracted to households 包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash 包工包料 contract for labor and materials 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保健食品 health-care food 保理业务 factoring business 保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area 保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas 保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings 报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project 北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank 本本主义 bookishness 《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica 本垒打 circuit clout, f

our-master, round trip 本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life 苯鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start. 蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping 逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives 比较经济学 comparative economics 比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 闭门羹 given cold-shoulder 边际报酬 marginal return 边缘科学 boundary science 变相涨价 disguised inflation 便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 标书 bidding documents 表演赛 demonstration match 剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody 博彩（业）lottery industry 博士生 Ph.D candidate 补缺选举 by-election 布达拉宫 Potala Palace 布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system 不败记录 clean record, spotless record 不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force 不打不成交 No discord, no concord. 不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result 《不见不散》 Be there or be square. 不可再生资源 non-renewable resources 不良贷款 non-performing loan 不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency 步行天桥 foot bridge
1. 把握大局 grasp the overall situation
2. 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty
3. 本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
4. 闭关政策 closed-door policy
5. 薄利多销 small profits but quick returns; small profits and good sales
6. 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
7. 产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management
8. 超前消费 pre-mature consumption; overconsuming; excessive consumption;
9. 重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects
10. 粗放经营 extensive operation
11. 大专文凭 associate degree
12. 党风建设 construction of the Party conduct
13. 党群关系 Party-masses relationship
14. 海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest
15. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
16. 统筹兼顾 make overall plans and take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration
17. 效率优先,兼顾公平 give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness
18. 依法治国 manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law
19. 以法治国，以德治国 to govern the country with law and moral
20. 以人为本 people oriented; people foremost
21. 以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains
22. 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究 There m

ust be laws to go by, the laws must be observed and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.
23. 优势互补 (of two countries or companies) have complementary advantages
24. 与时俱进 advance with the times
25. 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 “Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show
26. 知识经济 knowledge economy , knowledge-base economy
27. 职务发明 on-duty invention
28. 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定 seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability
29. 自主经营,自负盈亏 make one’s own management decisions and take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses
30. 综合国力 comprehensive national strength
31. 左右为难 between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place
32. 坐视不管 sit idle
33. 阻碍司法 obstruction of justice
34. 专门人才 professional personnel; special talents
35. 支柱产业 pillar / cornerstone industry
36. 职能转换 transformation of functions
37. 智力引进 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents
38. 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政 exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs
39. 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
40. 振兴中华 make China powerful and strong; revitalize the Chinese nation
41. 安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
42. 信息化information-based; informationization
43. 知识经济knowledge economy
44. 智力密集型Concentration of brain power, knowledge-intensive ；
45. 外资企业(包括港、澳、台资) Overseas-funded enterprises
46. 下岗　laid-off workers
47. 分流Reposition of redundant personnel
48. 拳头产品Competitive products or knock-out products; blockbuster; core product
49. 减员增效　Downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
50. 三角债 Chain debts
51. 素质教育Education for all-round development
52. 法治国家 A country under the rule of law
53. 法制国家A state with an adequate legal system
54. 赢得市场 Gain a larger share of the market; carve a niche in the market
55. 民族委员会 Ethnic affairs commission
56. 定向培训 Training for specific posts
57. 抓大放小To invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves
58. 使中国经济信息化 To base China's economy on information
59. 使中国经济走向世界 To make China's economy more competitive on the world market; to make China a more active economic player in the world
60. 使中国经济与国际接轨 To bring China's economy more in line with international practi

ce
61. 实现小康目标 To achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life
62. 社会生活 Social activities
63. 裙带经济 Crony economy
64. 主体经济 Principal sector of the economy; the main stay of the economy
65. 实体经济 The real economy
66. 制约 Check and supervision
67. 盲流和倒流人员 Jobless migrants from rural areas to cities, influx from the countryside
68. “豆腐渣”工程 Jerry-built projects
69. 厂海 Go into business
70. 内耗 In-fighting
71. 大包干 a11-round responsibility system ； 1ump-sum appropriations operation
72. 练摊 To be a vendor (do business)
73. 隐形就业 Unregistered employment; veiled re-employment
74. 经济法制化 To manage economic affairs according to 1aw ； to put economic operation on a legal basis
75. 社会治安情况 1aw-and-order situation
76. 政策银行 Policy bank
77. 民族国家 nation state