英语B级复习资料

英语B级复习资料

（一）动词的基本时态

理论基础：什么是动词的时态？

动词的时态，是指一种语言通过动词形式的变化来反映“动作时间”和“动作状态”---“时态”就是“动作时间+动作状态”的合称。英语有“现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时”这样4种动作时间的区分，有“一般态、完成态、进行态、完成进行态”这样4种动作状态的区分。对“动作时间”和“动作状态”进行排列组合，我们可以得到下面的结果：

时间\ 状态一般（态）完成（态）进行（态）完成进行（态）

现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时现在完成进行时

过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去完成进行时

将来时一般将来时将来完成时将来进行时将来完成进行时

过去将来时一般过去将来时过去将来完成时过去将来进行时过去将来完成进行时

B．例题讲解

1）When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother ______ dinner in the kitchen. （《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 36）

A. cooked

B. was cooking

C. cooks

D. has cooked

解析：B。此题意思为：当Lily昨天下午五点回家时，妈妈正在厨房里做饭。用过去进行时。2）John’s father ______ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University. （《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 40）

A. taught

B. teaches

C. has taught

D. is teaching

解析：C。此题意思为：约翰的父亲自从哈佛大学毕业后就一直在这所学校读书，这种状态一直持续到现在，所以句子用现在完成时。

3）I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups before. （《大学英语》（B）Test 2, 45）

A. was giving

B. am giving

C. had given

D. have given

解析：C。凡是表示过去动作之前的动作要用过去完成时态“had done”。根据题意可知had given的动作发生在was giving之前，所以用过去完成时态。

（二）非谓语动词

B．例题讲解

1）Bob said that it is easy _______.

A. for him being on time

B. being on time for him

C. for him to be on time

D. on time for him

解析：答案C。此题that从句中，用it作形式主语，而将不定式to be on time（准时）放在句子最后面。不定式前加一个for him表示不定式的动作是谁做的。

2）Would you let _______ to the park with my classmate, Mum? （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 28）

A. me go

B. me going

C. I go

D. I going

解析：答案A。let是使役动词，用不带to的不定式作宾补，即let sb. do sth.这个结构。

3）You don’t mind ______ you Xiao Li, do you? （《大学英语》（B）Test 3, 31）

A. call

B. to call

C. to calling

D. my calling

解析：答案D。mind后面只能用动名词作宾语。

4）Charles regretted ______ the TV set last year. The price has now come down. （《大学英语》（B）Test 3, 33）

A. buying

B. to buy

C. of

D. from

解析：答案A。regret后既可用动名词，也可用不定式，前者表后悔做了某事（动作已做了），后者则表为要去做某事遗憾（动作还没有做）。根据题意思，应选A。

5）There was so much noise in the classroom that the teacher couldn’t make himself _______. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 41）

A. heard

B. hearing

C. to hear

D. hear

解析：答案A。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

6）Do you know the man ______ under the apple tree? （《大学英语》（B）Test 2, 31）

A. lay

B. lain

C. lying

D. laying

解析：答案C。lie（lay, lain, lying）“平躺，位于”；lie（lied, lied, lying）“撒谎”；lay（laid, laid, laying）“放置”。根据题意，应该用“平躺”之意。分词表示的动作与其修饰的词之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以选C。

7）_______ tomorrow’s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends. （《大学英语》（B）Test 5, 45）

A. Not preparing

B. Not having prepared

C. Not to prepare

D. Being not prepared

解析：答案B。非谓语动词的否定形式都是在最前边加not，排除D。由于“还没有完成对明天功课的准备”，因此“不能跟朋友外出玩耍”，根据句意，强调动作的完成性，用完成式。（三）从句

1）Did you notice the guy ______ head looked like a big potato?（《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 37）

A. who

B. which

C. whose

D. whom

解析：此题中，the guy是先行词，并且在定语从句中主语、谓语和宾语都不缺，只缺少名词主语中head 的定语，表示“那个家伙的头看上去像个大马铃薯”，因此正确答案为C选项。

2）While I was in the university, I learned taking a photo, _______ is very useful now for me.（《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 32）

A. it

B. which

C. that

D. what

解析：此题是which引导非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，而A和D是不能引导定语从句的，因此正确答案为B选项。

3）It is the best _______ I have seen. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 42）

A. that

B. who

C. whom

D. which

解析：先行词为the best，是good的最高级形式；在定语从句中，先行词为形容词最高级或有最高级形容词修饰词时，只能用that，因此正确答案为A选项。

4）Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies _______ bad for their mental development.（《大学英语》（B）Test 5, 38）

A. that is

B. which is

C. as is

D. what are

解析：such能与as或that搭配，分别引导定语从句和状语从句，因此排除B和D。在此题中，______ is bad for their mental development这句话中，缺少主语，因此该句为as…引导的定语从句，as代替kind of movies做定语从句中的主语，因此正确答案为C选项。

5）The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was taken good care of in that remote village.（《大

学英语》（B）Test 6, 42）

A. when

B. where

C. that

D. until

解析：此题中，the hours为先行词，表时间，而在从句中缺少的就是相应的时间状语，因此正确答案为A 选项。

3．状语从句

A. 知识要点

用作状语的从句称为状语从句。它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词，从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况。状语从句的连接副词有很多，比如：when（当…时候）while（当…时候）, as（正当…时）, every time（每当）, before（在…以前）, since（自…以来）, until / till（直到…）, hardly …when （刚…就…），because （因为）, as（在..时候；像…一样…；因为…）, since（既然），if（如果）, though （虽然）, as, than…等等。例句：

（1）When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.

她醒来时，她发现大家都走了。（时间状语从句）

（2）Don’t try to get on the train until / till it stops.

等火车停下来再上车。（时间状语从句）

（3）Wherever I go, I will bring an umbrella with me.

我不管到哪，都会带上一把伞。（地点状语从句）

（4）He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter form his child.

他很着急，因为他一直没有收到他孩子的信。（原因状语从句）

（5）I’ll ring him up at once so that he shouldn’t wait for me.

我马上给他挂电话以便他别等我了。（结果状语从句）

（6）If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall go to the country.

如果明天天气晴朗，我们就到乡下去。（条件状语从句）

（7）Although he is little, he is brave. 他人虽小，但很勇敢。（让步状语从句）

（8）I admire and respect you more than everybody else (does).

我比其他的人都更钦佩和尊敬您。（比较状语从句）

B．例题讲解

1）No matter ______, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.（《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 45）

A. it was snowing hard

B. hard it was snowing

C. how it was snowing hard

D. how hard it was snowing

解析：此题为“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句，因此可以排除A和B，而how疑问词后面要接副词或形容词，因此正确答案为D选项。

例题讲解

1）Had you come five minutes earlier, you ______ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it. （《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 43）

A. would catch

B. would have caught

C. could catch

D. should catch

解析：B。虚拟语气用法，这里是对过去发生的事情虚拟，用“if从句+had come，主句+would have caught”。此题前面的从句省略了if，所以根据句法要求倒装，将had提前到句首。

2）The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visiting scholar ______ a lecture on the philosopher Sartre. （《大学英语》（B）Test 3, 39）

A. gave

B. give

C. would give

D. had given

解析：B。request（要求）后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。

3）I wish everybody _______ the meeting tomorrow. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 36）

A. will attend

B. would attend

C. had attended

D. is going to attend

解析：B。wish后的从句用虚拟语气。当表示与将来希望相反时，从句中的谓语动词用“would+动词原形”。4）I would rather _______ two weeks earlier. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 45）

A. you should come here

B. you come here

C. you came here

D. you had come here

解析：D。would rather后的从句用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况。

5）It’s time we _______ the lecture because everybody has arrived. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 26）

A. will start

B. shall start

C. start

D. started

解析：D。“It is (high) time+从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去式表示虚拟语气。

例题讲解

1）Never before ______ see such a terrible car accident on the road! （《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 39）

A. I have

B. have I

C. I did

D. did I

解析：表示否定意义的词never放在句首，要倒装，因此排除A和C选项；考查B选项，助动词用的have，与后面的动词原形see不一致，因此正确答案为D选项。

2）I was satisfied with her explanation, ______. （《大学英语》（B）Test 3, 42）

A. so my classmates were

B. so were my classmates

C. so my classmates did C. so did my classmates

解析：用so, neither / nor引导句子表示与上文已经提到的肯定或否定意思一致时，so, neither / nor引导的句子要倒装，并且所用的谓语动词及其时态要与前面一句话的谓语动词及其时态保持一致，因此正确答案为B选项。

3）Hardly _______ on stage _______ the audience started cheering. （《大学英语》（B）Test 4, 40）

A. he had come / than

B. he had come / when

C. had he come / when

D. had he come / than

解析：hardly…when是固定搭配，表示“一……就……”；并且hardly意思是“几乎不”，表示否定意义，放在句首要倒装，因此正确答案为C选项。

4）Important _______ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time. （《大学英语》（B）Test 5, 42）

A. when

B. until

C. as

D. although

解析：该句的意思是“______他的发明也许重要，在他那个时代，它被视为一件不重要的事情。”，根据句子的含义，可以看出前后两句话是转折的关系，因此选项部分应为让步状语从句，而在让步状语从句中，如果形容词或名词位于句首，则要用as或though，因此正确答案为C选项。

B．例题讲解

1）Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent.（《大学英语》（B）Test 1, 38）

A. is

B. been

C. are

D. was

解析：答案C。both…and…表示“两者都……”，连接的是两个不同的主语，因此谓语动词要用复数形式，所以正确答案为C选项。

2）Two thousand dollars ______ enough for the car. （《大学英语》（B）Test 2, 36）

A. being

B. were

C. are

D. is

解析：答案D。此题是用钱来做主语，而货币单位做主语时看作单数，因为它在概念上属于一个整体，因此正确答案为D选项。此外，距离、重量、时间等单位充当主语时也看作单数。

大学英语B级考试复习资料

一般过去将来时 1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning \, year…），the followi ng month(week…），etc. 3.基本结构：主语+ was/were + going to + do + 其它；主语+ would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主语+ was/were + not + going to + do; 主语+ would/should + not + do. 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。 I asked who was going there.我问，谁要去那里。 现在进行时 1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look, listen 3.基本结构：主语+ be + doing + 其它 4.否定形式：主语+ be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何？ He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。 过去进行时 1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 3.基本结构主语+was/were +doing +其它 4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。（第一个字母大写） 6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队工作。 When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他进来时，我正在读报纸。 将来进行时 1.概念：表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示询问、请求等。 2.时间状语：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本结构：主语+ shall/will + be + 现在分词+ 其它 4.否定形式：主语+ shall/will + not + be + 现在分词+ 其它 5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间，他们正坐在电影院。 He won’t be coming to t he party.他不去参加聚会了。 过去将来进行时 1.概念：表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，尤其多用于间接引语中。 2.基本结构：should/would + be + 现在分词 3.例句：They said they would be coming.他们说了他们将要来。 He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他说他不能来因为要开会。

(完整版)大学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习(专项训练)

一．名词 1．常见的不可数名词 advice luggage bread damage food equipment furniture hair homework housework information knowledge progress population 2．可数名词的特殊形式 1）“s”结尾，单复同形 means series species works 2）形式上是单数，但用作复数 police mankind people cattle audience 3）合成名词的单复数变化，通常在主干词上加“s”brother-in-law （单数）brothers-in-law （复数）passer-by （单数）passers-by （复数）story-teller （单数）story-tellers （复数） 二．形容词 1．形容词可以跟在以下半系动词的后面做表语appear turn feel become stay look come prove grow go get keep 2．容易混淆的形容词 alone lonely alive living live clean clear considerate considerable continual continuous dead deadly economical economic efficient effective healthful healthy intense intensive imaginary imaginable imaginative sensitive sensible successful successive valuable invaluable priceless valueless worthless historical historic respectable respectful respective like likely alike 三．副词 1．有些形式相异的副词，意义差别也比较大，如：high highly just justly hard hardly free freely late lately most mostly near nearly 2．些形容词也以-ly结尾，应避免误用为副词，如：lively lovely lonely friendly ugly costly silly 3．形容词和副词只差一个词尾，但意义大相径庭 hard hardly like likely bare barely bad badly scarce scarcely 四．介词 1．介词和名词的搭配 1）名词+ about concern about remark about complaint about opinion about doubt about 2）名词+ for ambition for anxiety for cause for desire for hope for need for sorry for reason for talent for 3）名词+ from absence from difference from protection from 4）名词+ in confident in delight in difficulty in experience in faith in pride in success in trust in 5）名词+ of account of capability of care of description of feeling of habit of impression of intention of number of pleasure of possibility of shortage of 6）名词+ on （upon ） authority on dependence on effect on remark on emphasis on influence on impression on stress on 7）名词+ over advantage over control over quarrel over victory over worry over 8）名词+ to answer to access to attention to approach to contrast to exception to gratitude to invitation to limit to objection to reference to solution to 9）名词+ with agreement with contact with common with connection with conversation with trouble with 2．介词+ 名词的固定搭配 at ease at first at last at crossroads at least at large at once at a loss at present at will by accident by chance by turns for certain in general in a sense in theory in practice in the way in the past in the future in advance in return in turn in that event in some respects in a hurry in addition in fact in place in sight in use in common in private in despair in part in detail in particular in short on second thoughts on average on duty on vacation 3．介词和形容词的搭配 1）形容词+ about anxious about careful about curious about concerned about careless about certain about particular about doubtful about 2）形容词+ at angry at annoyed at good at quick at pleased at 3）形容词+ for anxious for convenient for eager for famous for hungry for known for late for necessary for possible for ready for responsible for suitable for 4）形容词+ from absent from different from distant from free from far from protected from 5）形容词+ of afraid of aware of ashamed of capable of considerate of conscious of composed of deprived of full of fond of independent of proud of regardless of sick of short of tired of thoughtful of 6）形容词+ to accustomed to contrary to convenient to devoted to essential to familiar to favorable to opposed to peculiar to relevant to be used to beneficial to 7）形容词+ in absorbed in confident in disappointed in experienced in interested in lacking in lost in rich in successful in 8）形容词+ with associated with annoyed with angry with busy with friendly with nervous with patient in satisfied with Exercise: 一．单词 1. She has been busy after she became the manager. Her working day often __ well into the night. A. expands B. expends C. extends D. extents 2. This __ him to the first rank among the writers of fiction. A. raised B. lifted C. rose D. made 3. It is arranged that the opening ceremony will __ at 10:00 Wednesday morning next week. A. happened B. occur C. appear D. take place 4. The sight __ to me the days of my childhood in the countryside. A. reminded B. recalled C. remembered D. recommended 5. Good transportation is essential to the __ growth of the country. A. economy B. economical C. economics D. economic 6. The judge’s order to arrest me was no longer __. A. creative B. effective C. efficient D. competent 7. Burglars broke is into the __ flat while the Whites were on holiday. A. vacant B. blank C. bare D. empty 8. She is engaged in __ research. A. historical B. historic C. history D. histrionic 9. She had never felt so __ and helpless in her life. A. along B. lonely C. alone D. aloud 10. As far as hobbies are concerned, Tom and his brother have little in __ . A. common B. average C. popular D. normal 11. The restoration of China’s lawful rights in the United Nations was a great __ in history. A. case B. incident C. accident D. event 12. Mr. Smith will leave for New York in__November. A. late B. lately C. later D. latter

2021年7月大学英语B统考题库-网络教育统考大学英语B统考题库复习资料

网络教育统考-大学英语B模拟试题（中英翻译）第一部分：交际英语（交际英语共5题，3分/题，共15分） 1.-I believe we've met somewhere before.我想我们以前在什么地方见过面。 -No, ______.不,我不这么想。 A.it isn't the same B.it can't be right C.I don't think so D.I'd rather not 答案：C 2.-Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine.嗨，好久没见到你了!你看起来很好。-_______.You look well, too.谢谢.你看起来也很好。 A.Great B.Thanks C.Oh, no D.Not at all 答案：B 3.-This is Mr. Green and this is Mr. Brown.这是格林先生，这是布朗先生。 -________.你好。 A.How do you do B.How are you C.Fine, thank you D.Hi, how are you getting on 答案：A 4.-How is your father today?你父亲今天好吗? - ______, thanks.他好多了，谢谢。 A.He is over forty B.He's a doctor C.He's much better D.He's Brown 答案：C 5.-I wish you success in your career.祝你事业成功。

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