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八下英语unit7知识点

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

Section A

1. 世界上最高的山是什么？

What’s the highest mountain in the world?

1) the highest mountain最高的山 adj的最高级

2) high adj. 高的 high—higher--highest

3) in the world 世界上

2. 在英语中表示”事物的长宽高”等时, 其表达方式是

数字 (基数词)+ 表示度量的名词+ adj.

1) 表示度量的名词有: meter, kilometer, foot

2) adj 有: 长的long, 宽的 wide, 高的high, tall ; 深的 deep,

3) 1025米深=1025 meters deep deep—deeper--deepest

4) 6671千米长 = 6671 kilometers long long—longer-- longest

5) 米高= meters high

6) 米高= meters tall tall—taller--tallest

3. 面积大约960万平方千米

about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size

1) in size 在尺寸上, 在面积上 in +名词

2) in depth 在深度上 in width 在广度上 in length 在长度上

4. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高.

Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.

1) higher than 形容词的比较级, than 是标志词

2) 其他任何一个 any other +可数名词单数, 表示在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或物

3) He is taller than any other boy in his class.= He is the tallest boy in his class.

他比班里其他任何一个男生都高, 同义句, 他是班上最高的男生.

4)= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.5. 世界上最大的沙漠 the biggest desert in the world

在所有咸水湖中最深的 the deepest of all the salt lakes

咸水湖 the salt lakes

最长的河流 the longest river long—longer-- longest

6. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家. China has the biggest population in the world.

1) population 是一个集体名词, 意思是:人口, 人口数量, 常与the连用, 单独作主语时谓语动词常用三单

2) 表示人口多少用large 或small

3) 询问人口用: What’s the population of…？

4) 某地有多少人口用:have/has a population of +数字

7. 它比美国的人口要多得多. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.

1) a lot来修饰比较级bigger

2) much, even, still, far, a little, a lot, a bit一共7个, 都可以修饰比较级

8. 它比美国的历史长得多. It has a much longer history than the US.

1) much 来修饰比较级longer

2) have a long history 有着悠久的历史

9. 中国几乎和美国一样大, 它是亚洲最大的国家.

China is almost as big as the US, and it is the biggest country in Asia.

1) as…as，中间是形容词或副词原级和…一样…

2) country n. 国家可数名词 countries

10. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一?

Do you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?

1) 宾语从句，从句用陈述语序

2) one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数最……之一

one of the biggest countries 最大的国家之一

one of the oldest cities 最古老的城市之一

3) “one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数11. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.针对今天的长

城之旅，大家可以自由提问我任何问题。

1) tour n 旅行→ tourist n 旅游者 tour guide 导游

2) travel v 旅行→ traveller n 旅游者→ travelling adj. 旅行的

travel to …到……旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界

3) feel free to do sth (可以)随便做某事

12. 长城有多长? How long is the wall? how high, how wide, how deep 1) how long 提问物体的长度或时间的长短

对长度提问— How long is the table?— About meters.

对时间提问，常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。

— How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening?

— For two hours. 晚上做作业花了你多长时间？ 2个小时.

13. 这让它成为了世界上最长的墙. This makes it the longest wall in the world.

14. Wow，that’s amazing! 哇，真令人吃惊！

【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的，令人吃惊的

15. 为什么古代的皇帝们建造这堵墙？ Why did the ancient emperors build the wall?

1) 古代的 ancient adj.

2) build v. 建造过: built n. building 建筑物

16. 主要原因是保护他们那部分的国土.

The main reason was to protect their part of the country.

1) the main reason 主要原因

2) protect v. “保护” We should protect children.

3) Protect sb./ sth from (doing sth)保护某人/ 某物使其不受……

Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。

17. As you can see , it’s quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的,长城非常高，也非常宽广。

【解析】as ① conj.像……一样，正如（用来引导状语从句） I was surprised as he opened the door. ② prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher.

18. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我

所知，没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。

1) as far as I know据我所知

as far as “就......来说，至于......” , 引导状语从句，强调范围或程度，常与动词know, see,等连用，可放在句首或句中。 as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见

2) 人造物体 man-made objects

19. 世界上最危险的山 the most dangerous mountain 形容词的最高级danger n. 危险 (be) in danger 处于危险之中

(be) in great danger 处于极大危险之中

(be) out of danger 脱离危险

20. one of + the +形容词最高级+ 名词复数……之一

此结构作主语时, 谓语动词用单数

1) one of the world’s most dangerous sports 世界上最危险的运动之一

2) one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一

3) one of the main reasons 一个主要的原因

21. mountain climbing 登山运动名词性短语

climb mountains 爬山动词短语

22. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. 喜马拉雅山绵延在中国西南部。

1) 谓语: run along 绵延

2) southwestern 西南方向的

3) 类似用法: western adj. 西方的 eastern adj. 东方的

23. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.在所有的山峰中，珠穆朗玛峰最高，最有名。

【解析】 famous = well – know adj. 著名的，有名的

1) be famous for 因……而著名（某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名）

China is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas

2) be famous as 作为…….而出名（某人以某种身份而出名）

Lu Xun was famous as a writer.

24. 它高达米, 因此珠穆朗玛峰是非常危险去攀登的.

It is 8, meters high and so is very dangerous to climb.

1) 8, meters high 米高

2) to climb 作定语修饰 dangerous

25. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. （比这）更严重的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雨。

1) 主语: more serious difficulties 谓语: include

2) include v 包括→ including prep 包括（放在被包括的对象之前）

3) freezing adj. 冻冰的；结冰的

freeze v Today it is freezing cold.

4) condition 条件；状况

out of condition 不健康，身体不好；in good condition 情况良好；完好26. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。

1) It’s 句型

2) take in 吸入；吞入（体内） take after（外貌）相像 take away 拿开take down 写下，记下 take off 起飞；脱下 take it easy 别紧张

take pictures照相 take care of 照顾，照料

3) as 当……时候

27. 在1953年5月29日, 首次登上山顶的是丹增诺尔盖和埃德蒙希拉里.

The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May29,1953.

1) 主语: the first people

2) 第一个做……的人 the first… to do sth

第一个完成作业的人 the first person to finish the homework

28. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰，1975年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰的女子。

1) while conj. 然而 (连接并列句） He is a worker while I am a doctor. conj . 当......的时候，（引导时间状语从句）

While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .

2) 第一个成功地女士 the first woman to succeed

3) succeed v. 成功

4) succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事

5) succeed v 成功，达到→ success n 成功

→successful adj. 成功的→successfully adv成功地

29. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? 为什么这么多登山者愿意冒生命危险？

1) climber n. 登山者攀登者可数名词climbers

2) risk one’s life to do sth 某人舍命做某事

There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有（做）某事的危险 take risks 冒险30. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。

1) challenge v/n 挑战 challenge oneself 挑战某人

face a challenge 面临挑战challenge sb. to sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战……

2) in the face of 面对（问题、困难等）

They showed courage in the face of danger. 面对危险他们表现出了勇气。31. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者们的精神告诉我们，我们应该从不放弃实现自己的梦想。

1) 主语: the spirit 精神谓语: shows

2) 这些登山者们的精神 the spirit of these climbers

3) 放弃做某事 give up doing sth

4）achieve v 获得；达到；实现→ achievement n 完成；成绩achieve one’s dream = one’s dream comes true实现某人的梦想

32. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.它还告诉我们，人类有时候比自然的力量更强大。

1) human n 人；人类 No human could live like this .没有人能这样生活。

2)force ① n 力量； the forces of ….的力量 The force of human is great.

② V. 迫使；强迫

force sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事Nobody can force me to do something.

3) nature 不可数名词“自然界；大自然”

nature→ natural adj. 自然地in nature 在自然界

33. 为什么即使它很危险还有那么多的人设法攀登这座山？

Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous?

1) even though= even if 即使, 虽然引导让步状语从句

2) Even though Tom left school at 16, he still became a successful writer. 即使Tom16岁时就离开了学校, 但他仍然成为了一名成功地作家.

34. 世界上最长的河流之一 one of the longest rivers in the world

35. 世界上没有和太平洋一样大的海洋.

No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean.

1) 主语: no ocean 谓语: is

2) no one 没有人作主语时谓语动词用单数

No one knows his name. 没人知道他的名字.

36. 我们城市中最高的建筑物是什么？ What is the highest building in our city?

1) building n. 建筑物可数名词 buildings

2) build v. 建造过: built

Section B

1. 大象是350厘米高. The elephant is 350 cm tall.

2. 大象重5000千克. The elephant weighs 5,000 kilos.

1) 谓语: weigh v. 重量是

2) weight n. 重量, 体重 lose weight 减肥

3. 大象每天吃150千克食物. The elephant eats 150 kilos of food a day.

1) eat v. 吃过: ate eating

4. 双腿站立 stand on two legs

5. The elephant weights many times more than this panda.

这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。

【解析1】weigh v 称……的重量→ weight n 重量【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.

【解析2】time ①“是......的几倍”

主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词+ as +被比较的内容

Our new school is four times bigger than the old one.

②“次数”一次 once 两次 twice 三次及三次以上：

基数词 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次

【短语】many times 很多倍 last time (在)上次……时

every time 每次/每回…… each time 每当……时

the first time 第一次……时 next time (当)下次……时

【句型】It’s time for sth . 或It’s time ( for sb . ) to do sth . 意为：该是……的时候了It’s time for dinner . 该是吃晚餐的时候了。

It’s time for children to go to bed . 是小孩睡觉的时候了。

6. At birth, a baby panda is about to kilos.刚出生的小熊猫宝宝约到公斤.

1) a baby panda 小熊猫宝宝

2) at birth 出生时（用作时间状语）

3) give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；产仔

7. 他没有牙齿. It has no teeth.

1) tooth n. 牙齿可数名词复数是: teeth

2) 刷牙 brush one’s teeth

3) 牙疼 have a toothache

8. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 一只熊猫活20年到30年.

1) up to 高达 up to +数量词达到（某数量、程度等）；至多

I can take up to four people in my car. 我车里最多坐4个人.

2) 直到（现在）Up to now , Tony has been very quiet

3) be up to sb. “由某人决定”— Shall we go out or stay in ?— It’s up to you.

9. 一只成年的大熊猫的重量是一只熊猫宝宝的很多倍.

An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda.

1) 主语: an adult panda 谓语: weighs

2) adult n. 成年人可数名词 adults

adult adj. 成年的

3) an adult panda 一只成年的大熊猫 a baby panda 一只大熊猫宝宝

4) many times 很多倍

10. 在成都研究基地 at the Chengdu Research Base

1) research 通常用作不可数名词

2) 做研究 do some research (on …)

11. 大熊猫饲养员正在准备大熊猫宝宝们的早餐牛奶.

Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast.

1) panda keepers 大熊猫饲养员 keeper n. 饲养员, 保管人可数名词

2). prepare…for…为……准备……

3) prepare sth.表示"准备......"，后接名词或代词作宾语。

Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。

4) prepare to do sth.表示"准备做...."。They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。

5). prepare for sth.表示"为......做准备"。

The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试

12. 大多数的大熊猫宝宝已经醒来并且饿了.

Most of the babies are already awake and hungry.

1) baby n. 婴儿,宝宝可数名词复数是:babies

2) awake adj. 醒着的反义词: asleep adj. 睡着的

3) awake 常用于be, stay, keep之后

13. When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！1) run over 跑向 run →ran→ run→ running →runner 赛跑的人

【短语】run after 追逐,追求 run away from 从……跑掉;逃避

run out (某物)被用完 run out of 用完(某物) run into 无意间碰到,和……相撞

2) excitement n. 激动；兴奋 excited adj. 激动的, 兴奋的

be excited about 对……感到激动 to one’s excitement 使某人兴奋的是3) 走路时撞着 walk into

4）fall over 绊倒 fall 过: fell

fall “落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落The leaves fall in the autumn. 秋天树叶落下.

14. 大熊猫饲养员之一 one of the panda keepers

15. 他们非常聪明可爱. They are so cute and lovely.

1) cute adj. 漂亮的; 娇小可爱的; 机灵的，精明的

2) lovely adj. 可爱的, 漂亮的 friendly, lonely 都是以ly结尾的形容词

16. 他们对我来说真的非常特殊. They are very special to me.

17. 这些黑白相间的动物 these black and white animals

18. 大熊猫已经变得如此受欢迎以至于它们现在是中国的一种象征.

Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China.

1) 已经变得 have become 现在完成时 have/ has + 动词过去分词

2) become v. 过: became 过去分词: become

3) 一种…的象征 a symbol of

19. 科学家们说, 如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2000只.

Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests.

1) fewer 比较级少于 fewer than + 可数名词复数 less than + 不可数名词

2) There is/ are +sb/ sth + doing sth 有正在做某事的人或物

20. 在中国和其它国家的动物园或研究中心生活着另外300 只左右的大熊猫. Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries.

1) 主语: another 300 谓语: live

2) another 意为: 另一, 又一, 常放在数字之前，即another + 基数词+ 名词如: We stayed there for another 3 days. 我们在那儿又呆了3天.

3) or so 大约, 位于数字或表示时间的名词之后, 相当于about或around

21. 大熊猫产仔并不多, 也许每两年仅产一只.

Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years.

1) every two years 每两年

22. The babies often die from illness and do not live very long.

大熊猫宝宝常死于疾病，并且活不久。

1) die v. →（非延续性动词）→ death n. 死，死亡

→ dead adj. 死的→ dying adj. 将死的

2) die from 死于

die from + 外因“死于……”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。

die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故

The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸

3) illness n. 疾病；病可数名词复数是: illnesses

ill /sick 共同点："生病的；有病的"

不同点：ill adj."生病的；有病的"作表语，不能作定语

be ill in hospital 生病住院 sick 作表语/作定语，"病人"a sick man 或the sick,

She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。

She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。

【拓展】sick "恶心的；厌倦的" The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。

4) kind → kindness happy → happiness

23. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.

成年熊猫每天花12个小时来吃掉大约10公斤的竹子。

1) spend … (in) doing 花时间做某事

2) spend/pay/cost/take 花费

(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人

◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth

◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth

◆spend on= pay for 支付

He spends too much time on the computer games.

(2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人

◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.

(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事

◆sth cost sb. +钱某物花费某人多少钱

A new computer costs me a lot of money.

(4)take→took→taken v 花费

◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间

It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.

24. 人类开始砍伐这些森林. Humans started to cut down these forests.

1) 开始做某事 start to do sth 2) 砍到 cut down

25. 由于森林逐渐减小以及其它人类活动造成更多的问题, 大熊猫找不到足够的吃的, 它们将产更少的大熊猫宝宝. As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies.

1) get smaller 变得更少 other human activities 其它人类活动

2) 找到足够的吃的 find enough to eat

3) fewer babies 更少的宝宝 fewer+ 可数名词复数

26.其它濒危的野生动物 other endangered wild animals endangered adj. 濒危的

27. 拯救这些动物的重要性 the importance of saving these animals

28. 科学家们正在进行研究, 以便于更好地了解大熊猫的习性.

Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas.

1) 做研究 do research

2) 更好地了解 better understand better来修饰动词understand

29. 我们都希望将来能有更多的大熊猫. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas. a lot 来修饰比较级more

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结

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