六级

中欧经济贸易合作取得了可喜的成果。欧盟已经成为中国的重要经贸伙伴，是中国最大的技术供应方、 第三大贸易伙伴和第五大实际投资方。2001年，中欧贸易达到766亿美元，比上一年增长11%，尤其是中国从欧盟的进口增长了15.8%。我非常赞赏欧中贸协(Europe-China Business Association)与比中经贸理事会 (Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council)为发展中欧关系所做出的努力。中欧经济贸易合作具有广阔的前景。中欧经济具有很强的互补性，在贸易、投资、科技等领域具有很大的合作潜力。
参考答案
China-EU economic and trade cooperation has yielded heartening fruits. The EU has now become an important economic and trade partner of China, working as the largest technology supplier, the third largest trading partner and the fifth largest actual investor in China. Bilateral trade reached 76.6 billion dollars in 2001, achieving an 11% increase compared to the previous year. In particular, China's imports from the EU grew by 15.8%. I highly appreciate the efforts by the Europe-China Business Association and the Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council for developing China-EU ties. China-EU trade and economic cooperation is endowed with a promising future. The two economies are strongly complimentary to each other and hence enjoy huge potential for cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology areas.
难点精析
1.中欧经济贸易合作取得了可喜的成果：EU=European Union，表示欧盟;“取得了”可译为has got，但稍显生硬，yield fruit意为“结果，取得成果”，用在此处更为恰当;“可喜的”可译为heartening，还可译为 promising。
2.第三大贸易伙伴和第五大实际投资方：“最大”用the largest来表示，“第几大”则可译为the+序数词+largest，因此此处“第三大”译为the third largest; “第五大”译为the fifth largest。“贸易伙伴”译为trading partner; “实际投资方”译为actual investor。
3.766亿美元：应译为76.6 billion dollars。billion意为“10亿”，而不是“1 亿”。
4.增长了15.8%:可译为grew by 15.8%,还可译为increased by 15.8%。increase的反义词为decrease，二者用法相同，后接具体的百分比时，要与介词by连用。
5.发展中欧关系：“关系”还可译为relationship，但tie表示的“关系”比relationship的情感色彩更强烈一些，意为“紧密关系”，此处原文中虽没有提及“紧密”，但很显然是要发展中欧的紧密关系，故译成tie更贴合文意


Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)(原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字。)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese

into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。
参考答案
In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.




词汇
原文
中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival)，即从农历(lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢 度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运，家 家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets)，对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他 的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。
参考答案
Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.
难点精析
1.庆祝活动：译为celebrations即可，考生要注意，不要看到“庆祝活动”就想在celebration的后面加上： ? activities。
2. 有很大差异：译为…vary widely,此句还可以翻译为…are rather different。
3.驱厄运、迎好运：译为sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck，此处的“驱”如果考

生无法译出： : sweep away，也可以用简单的get rid of来表达。
4.大扫除：译为thoroughly clean the house。
5.放鞭炮、发红包：译为 lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes。放鞭炮还可以用 set off ' I firecrackers或 fire firecrackers来表达。
长难句翻译练习：
1. The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.
[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.
[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
[参考译文]在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。
5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.
[参考译文]同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。
难点精析
1.带来了无穷的魅力：翻译为bring endless charm to。
2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境，而英文习惯上

用整句表述，句内不太重要的信息会用介词短语或从句来补充说明，如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是两个并列关系的汉语短句，翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来，起补充说明的作用。
3.充满友善和人情味：翻译为full of friendliness and genuine humanity。
4.随着社会和经济的飞速发展：翻译为with rapid social and economic development，也是with介词短语的应用，在句中作伴随状语。
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：有关中国历史文化的
中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
火药 gunpowder
印刷术printing
造纸术 paper-making
指南针 the compass
青铜器 bronze ware
瓷器 porcelain; china
唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
景泰蓝cloisonne
秋千swing
武术 martial arts
儒家思想Confucianism
儒家文化 Confucian culture
道教 Taoism
墨家Mohism
法家 Legalism
佛教 Buddhism
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu
墨子 Mo Tzu
孙子Sun Tzu
象形文字 pictographic characters
文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)
















作文
题目
1.阅读经典书籍对人的成长至关重要
2.现在愿意阅读经典的人却越来越少，原因是……
3.我们大学生应该怎么做
范文：
Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that reading classics plays an important and beneficial role in the personal development and growth of people. Personally, ever since my childhood, nothing has been more attractive than reading the classic masterpieces. Taking a look around, we can find classics from which people hugely benefit too numerous to list: The Dream in the Red Chamber, The Legend of Three Kingdoms, Bible and the like.
However, it is widely acknowledged that an increasing number of people are losing interest in classics. A number of factors could account for the change, but the following are the most critical ones. On one hand, practical reading has occupied the market and students’ spare time in such a material possession oriented society. On the other hand, the boom of internet industry gives rise to the change in students’ reading habit which consequently, in comparison, makes reading classics time-consuming and less entertaining.
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that college rules and regulations be worked out and enforced to encourage college students to read classical works and start classics-reading campaigns in campus. Secondly, college students should enhance their awareness of the importance

of absorbing the essence of the classics in which our ancestors left their wisdoms and experiences. With proper rules and an alert public, it will only be a matter of time to see this problem become a thing of the past in the near future.
表示比较关系的六级作文万能句型，供各位考生参考。
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.利远大于弊。
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.A比B好很多。
3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that…A可能比B要好，但是A也有如下的弊端……
4.It is reasonable to maintain that …but it would be foolish to claim that…我们应该理智地看到……但是不应该……
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.虽然有很多弊端，但是也有足够的好处。
6.Like anything else, it has its faults.和其他一样，它也有其不足。
7.A and B have several points in common.A和B有许多相同点。
8.A bears some resemblances to B.A与B有很多相似之处。
9.However, the same is not applicable to B.但是，在B上面并不适用。
10. A and B differ in several ways.A与B之间存在很多差异。
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.显然，它有利也有弊。
12. People used to think …, but things are different now.人们一贯认为……但是现在情况并非如此了。
13. The same is true of B.B也是一样的。
14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.A身上也可以看到不足之处。
15. It is true that A … , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are …A确实是……但是主要缺陷在于…….
题目：灾害(Disasters)
In the past hundred years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, mud-rock flows, seismic sea waves, earthquakes, windstorms and the stretching of new deserts.
The disasters have killed millions upon millions of people, destroyed countless homes, and wiped out numerous pieces of fertile land.
Now more and more people become aware that those disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. We have cut down too many trees in the forests, we have badly polluted the environment, we have shocked our own home-planet time and again with tremendously powerful explosions of nuclear bombs.
As a result, climates have become abnormal, rainwater rushes down hillsides angrily, and the underground energy goes up to revenge itself on us.
The earth is our only home-planet. It is urgent for us to stop damaging it, and to do our best to protect it and make it a lovely place suitable to live in, for we have nowhere to go and survive except where we are now.
下面再看9个介绍类的句型：
1.……was set up two years ago….成立于两年前。
2.The club organizes various activities regularly catering for the needs of…… and is well known among ……该俱乐部经常举办各种活动，目的在于迎

合……的需求。它在……间很有名。
3.We have ……every weekend and you can practice your ……with……我们每个周末都会……你可以和……一起来练习……
4.In addition,……are invited to give lectures on occasion.另外，我们有时也会邀请…….来做讲座。
5.Besides you can……with more ease.另外，你可以更加便利地……
6.I'm deeply moved and inspired by the……spirit.我被……精神深深感动和鼓舞了。
7.Life is a journey full of competitions and challenge , …… will definitely drive me along the way.生活是一段充满竞争和挑战的旅程，……一定可以帮助我走下去。
8.Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
9. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.根据最近的一项调查，越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。。
6.具有很强的互补性：可译为are strongly complimentary to each other, complimentary意为“互补的”。
7.具有很大的合作潜力：“具有”此处译为enjoy显得生动，带有较强的感情色彩。potential后应与介词for 搭配。
长难句翻译练习：
1. If its message were confined merely to information and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one wound pay any attention.
[参考译文]如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就广告而言，如果这不是完全不可能达到的，也是非常难做的，因为即便是一个诸如衬衫的颜色的选择这样的细节都会具有微妙的说服意味，那么广告就会如此地乏味以至于没有人会关注它。
2. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted—suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
[参考译文]在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对他们来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。
3. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
[参考译文]随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可

靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。
4. The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time–consuming, and sometimes even overwhelming.
[参考译文]现在每个人能够得到的信息比任何时代的人都多，而找到与他/她的特定问题相关的那一点信息的任务不仅复杂、耗时，有时甚至令人难以招架。
5. Expertise can be shared world wide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.
[参考译文]通过远程会议，专业知识可以在全世界范围内被分享。相关人员也无需离开他们的家庭或工作跑到一个遥远的开会地点就能够解决争论的问题。