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非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，接下来是小编为您整理的非谓语动词知识点总结，希望对您有所帮助。

I.概述

1.基本形式的变化：

不定式：

时态主动态被动态

一般式to doto be done

进行式to be doing

完成式to have builtto have been built

John said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)

He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)

He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式) He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)

This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)

v-ing形式

时态主动态被动态

一般式doingbeing done

完成式having donehaving been done

注意：不及物动词没有被动式

动名词

I am sure of his coming in time. (一般式主动态) (= I am sure that he will come in time)

He is proud of being selected as monitor. (一般式

被动态) (= He is proud that he is selected as monitor.) I’m confident of his having pa ssed the exam. (完

成式主动态)

(= I am confident that he have passed the exam.)

He complained of having been cheated by others.

(完成式被动态)

现在分词

He sat in a chair,reading a novel. (一般式主动态)

Being exhausted by work, he fell asleep quickly. (一般式被动态)

Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态)

All this having been settled, he went home. (完成

式被动态)

2.所做成分

项目/成分主语表语宾语宾补定语状语

动词的ing形式现在分词△ △△△

动名词△△△ △

不定式△△△△△△

过去分词△ △△△

注：现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。

II.基本知识

1.动词不定式在句中充当的成分

①作主语。

To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.

To make money is not the only purpose of our life.

赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的

在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

It is important for us to learn English very well.

对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

②作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：

help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)

He managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。

He promised to be here at nine.他答应9点钟到这儿。

I didn’t expect to see you here.我没有料到在这儿见到你。

在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

He considered it better to leave now.他认为最好现在就离开。

I found it impossible to finish the work on time.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。

③作定语(常置于名词之后)。

由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语; 不定式还可用作名词

代词的的宾语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure,

intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something)

She is always the first student to arrive at school.

He is always the last one to leave the office.他总是最后一个离开办公室。

I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

I have no desire to travel.

You’ll find something to interest you here.

注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定

式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。

I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.

I found no one to play with.

④作状语

I walked slowly on the ice in order not to fall down.(不至于跌倒) (表目的)

They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. (表结果)

He tried only to fail. (结果没有成功)

She was happy to hear the news. (表原因)

不定式常用于修饰下列形容词：

able,afraid,angry, anxious, apt, careful, careless, certain, clever, considerate, delighted,

difficult,eager, easy, fit,frightened , happy, interesting, likely, lucky, quick, ready, reluctant , right, sorry, surprised, sure, thoughtful,thoughtless, unable, unwilling, wrong etc.

French is difficult to learn. 法语难学。

I’m sorry to interrupt you, but I have to.

⑤作独立副词成分。

To speak frankly, I don’t like your attitude.

⑥与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副

词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，

可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

When to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还

没有定。

The problem is how to get there on time.问题是怎样

才能准时到达哪儿。

注意：

①在有些动词后常用疑问词 + 动词不定式的结构。这类动词有：know, ask, tell, show,

wonder,consider,understand, learn, instruct, guess, see, explain, discover, imagine, think, hear 等。

He didn’t know what to do next.

I haven’t decided whether to go to Japan.我没有决定是否到日本去。

②不定式的复合结构

由for + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。

It is necessary for you to finish the work before Friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工

His idea is for us to travel in different cars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

由of 引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：brave, careless,,clever,courageous,foolish,good, honest,kind,nice,rash, right,rude,

stupid,silly,thoughtful,thoughtless,wrong, wise等。

It’s kind of you to say so.

It’s brave of you to go into the burning building to save the baby!

你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿

③不带to 的动词不定式

▲在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let,make,have, hear,see,feel,smell,hear,watch

等。

The teacher often makes me rewrite the composition.老师常常让我把作文重写。

将该句转换成被动语态：I am often made by the teacher to rewrite the composition.

I heard her say that she was fed up.

▲在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but,do nothing but等。

I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.

They can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的

建议。

▲在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but 后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to的`动词

不定式。

We have no choice but to wait.我们除了等待别无选择(我们只好等待)。

There is no choice but to go there.

There is nothing to do but to (to 可省略) read a book.

▲在why, why not结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to

Why argue with him?

Why not send those books back?为什么不把那些书送回去?

2.动名词在句中充当的成分

①作主语

Asking for help is sometimes necessary. 请求帮助有时是必要的。

Eating too much is not good for your health.吃得太多对你的健康不利。

Teaching offers something besides money and power.

②作补语、表语

Seeing is believing.

We call such an act cheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。

③作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语

建议冒险去献身：advise, suggest, risk, devote oneself to

忍受期待不停顿：bear/stand(忍受), look forward to, stop

放弃延期悔失去：give up, delay, put off, regret, miss

坚持欣赏(想)要(实)践(完)成：keep (on)/insist

on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice, finish

注意原谅避反对：pay attention to, excuse, escape, avoid, object to

考虑要求不自禁：consider, require, cannot help

允许习惯不介意：forbid; permit, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind

值得开始想动名：be worth, set about, imagine

The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.冒险游过河

His wife doesn#39;t allow smoking inside the room but allows him to smoke outside the room

他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。

All of them insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.

他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。

I#39;m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Being ill for a few days,she doesn#39;t feel like eating anything.不想吃任何东西

另在want, need, require等动词后，常用动名词的主动

形式表示被动的意思(主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系)。

My hair needs cutting. (= My hair needs to be cut.)

⑤作定语

它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用

途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。

The factory built a swimming pool last year.游泳池

Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.教学

方法

⑥作同位语

His hobby, making model airplanes, is very interesting.

注意：

①动名词的复合结构

动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成，在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

Do you mind my closing the door? Do you mind me closing the door?

My closing the door made him angry.

I can’t stand Lao Chang’s talking like that about other comrades.

②动名词的某些固定结构

▲It is + no use, no good(fun,a great pleasure, a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.

It is no use crying.哭没有用。

It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

It is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。

▲It is + useless+doing sth.

It is useless speaking.光说没用。

▲There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。

There is no knowing how old she is.(= I t is impossible to know how old she is.)

There is no telling w here she’s gone.(= It is impossible / difficult to know where she’s gone.)▲make a point of + doing “认为…是必要的”

Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(= Our family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.)

▲be on the point of + doing “濒临，将要…”

He was on the point of leaving.

▲on (upon) + doing “一…就…”

On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(= As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.)

▲go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)

He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.

▲动名词短语常用在以下结构中

have difficulty (in) + doing sth

have trouble (in) + doing sth

have fun (in) + doing sth/

have a good time (in) + doing sth/have a hard time (in) + doing sth

▲feel like + 名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词

Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗?

I don#39;t feel like reading tonight.今晚我不想读书。

3.分词在句中充当的成分

①作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。

The boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= The snow was boring, so the boys wee bored and went home.)

China is a developing socialist country.发展中的社会主义国家

The man writing the obituary (讣告) is my friend.

(= The man who is writing the obituary is my friend.)

The broken glass scattered on the ground.破杯

注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义;而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。

②作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。

The story is boring.

I found him reading a novel. 在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)

I found him surrounded by a group of children.一群孩子包围着 (过去分词作宾语补足语)

③作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间,原因, 条件,结果,伴随情况。

Having read all the required papers, he answered the questions fluently.(时间)

Being short of money, I decided to apply for the work.(原因)

Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital.(原因)

If going there by plane, we’ll have to pay twice as much.(条件)

Unless asked to answer questions, the pupils were not supposed to talk in Mrs Smith’s class.(条件) The farmer used a new insecticide, thus raising the average yield by 15%.(结果)

He sat in a rocking chair, watching TV.(伴随)

注意：分词的特殊结构

①独立主格

有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。

That being the case, we’d better make some changes in the plan.

Weather permitting, we will go out. == if weather permits

The teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the classroom.

②“with或without + 名词或代词 + 分词”的复合结构

常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：He fell asleep with the lamp burning.

③某些固定结构

generally / frankly speaking …,judging from /

by …中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。

Judging by his dress, he comes from a wealthy family.从他的衣着判断

Frankly speaking, I don#39;t like him at all.坦率地说

④catch+宾语+doing

I caught them stealing my apples.我抓住他们偷我的苹果。

If she catches me reading her diary，she#39;ll be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的

注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning, considering, regarding, respecting等。

Considering his age, he is tall.考虑了他的年龄

I have nothing to say concerning his speech.关于他的演讲

非谓语动词难点、易错点(2)

必备英语非谓语动词难点、易错点一、动词被动语态 1． The 31st Olympic Games _______ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil in 2016. A. is held B. will hold C. will be held D. is going to hold 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：第31届奥运会将于2016年在巴西里约热内卢举行。举办奥运会，The 31st Olympic Games在句中作主语，用被动语态。2016年将要发生的动作，用一般将来时态。故选C。 2．— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. — You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day. A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道他们每天都被辛勤工作的清洁工打扫。A一般现在时主动语态，B一般现在时被动语态，C现在进行时，D一般将来时，根据by the hard-working cleaners every day，可知是一般现在时被动语态，故选B。【点评】考查时态和语态，注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。 3．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意:几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。ago 多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态;主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。

初中非谓语动词知识点总结

非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）【考点概述】非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性，但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的，在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的，在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。【考点释义】考点一：不定式（1）构成：to+动词原形（do）如： I like to swim. 注意：不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类，但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如：I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。（2）句法功能： 1. 作主语在英语中为了避免头重脚轻，当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”，将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如： ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下：当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”，反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.（不成立）由于不能构成主谓关系，所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系，所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。（表想，希望） ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。（表打算，决定）【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下： want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系，宾补成立的条件唯此一条。接不定式作宾补的动词有：“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、

高三英语复习非谓语动词考点总结归纳讲义

非谓语动词考点总结归纳非谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识： ①具有句子结构的知识，会分析句子成分。 ②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。 ③具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。 ④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句。 1．三种非谓语动词的构成及变化形式。 To ●过去分词 done （无变化） ●所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not,never放在非谓语动词的前面。 2. 三种非谓语动词形式句法功能比较

考点一：非谓语作主语。 1. 在很多情况下没有明显的不同. Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe. 2. 不定式做主语表示某一次具体的,特定的或有待实现的动作, 而动名词则表示通常的情况. eg:To tell him the truth would be the best. / Painting is an art. 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，另一种形式是在句首用先行代词it作形式主语，而将动词不定式（短语）移到谓语之后作真正主语。用于这种形式是一些特定形容词，动词和名词 1)形容词作表语It is adj/n.(for sb.) to do sth. （常见的形容词是：necessary,important,possible等） It is adj./n.(of sb.) to do sth. (常见的形容词是clever,stupid,foolish,wise,cruel等) 2)常见的动词有：require, cost, amuse, delight, annoy等 eg: It takes much time to do sth./ It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me. 3)一些名词作表语 eg: It seems a pity to waste them./It is a great pleasure to do this./It is a good idea to think this way 动名词做主语时常用的句型有： It is nice doing sth./It’s foolish doing sth./It is useless doing that/It’s a waste of time doing this. /It’s worth one’s while doing sth./ It’s no good (use) doing that. It’s an awful job doing this. /It’s fun doing this. There is/ was no sense in doing/no point in doing 考点二：非谓语动词作宾语详细见5+3 P70-72页补充:1.begin和start在下列三种情况下, 通常跟不定式, 不跟动名词 1) 当begin和start的主语是无生命之物时. eg: Snow began to melt. 2) 当begin和start用于进行时时. eg: He is beginning to study English. 3) 当begin和start后面跟着一些表示心理状态的词时. eg: I began to believe his story. 2. be afraid to do 不敢去做…… be afraid of doing 害怕发生某事

非谓语动词知识点总结

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宾语： 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) , refuse等。决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing can’t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do（打算）/ doing（意味）be used to do / doing ( get used to doing)(used to do) 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动定语：不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Developing countries/ developed countries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, cause等。 Think, consider, believe, suppose, feel等后常用“to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People considered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。 ◆“吾看三室两厅一感觉”---5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）3使（make,

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of little usc/good useless

宾语： 1.有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： ... man age, promise, prete nd, pla n, ofer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, he帮助）,want（想要）,refuse等。决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2.有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ... practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, sta nd, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get dow n to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in … 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别（但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为）。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。 go on （stop/remember/regret）to do/do ing can' t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do （打算）/ doing （意味）be used to do / doing （get used to doing）（used to do） 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动定语：不定式、ing分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Develop ing coun tries/ developed coun tries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, i nten d,expect, en courage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, caus等0 Think, consider, believe, suppose, fee等后常用“ to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People con sidered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有 make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, fee以及look at, listen to 等。

最全的非谓语动词知识点总结

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非谓语动词难点汇总

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非谓语动词知识要点概括以及难点和考点分析 1.“非谓语动词”这个名称是什么意思在做非谓语动词题目之前，首先要搞清楚这个名称的意义。在英语中，很多语法名称在我们中国人的母语中是不存在的，所以，只有我们了解了这个语法的本质，或者说英语中使用这个语法的目的，才能更好的理解和运用这个语法知识。首先，英语句子从结构上说，大致和中文相差不多，基本上都是“主谓宾”这个顺序，但英语句子和中文句子最大的不同点在于，英语句子里只能有一个谓语动词，而且逗号不能作为分割句子的连词使用。比如这句话：他生病了，他不能来了。在中文中，这句话没有问题，但如果翻译成英语：He is ill, he is not coming.就错了，因为逗号后面没有连词，这句话里出现了两个谓语动词“is”，产生了冲突。如果要修改的话，可以加上连词so，也可以把逗号变成分号（分号等于连词，后面he的首字母还是要小写），也可以索性把逗号变成句号，变成两句话。当然，如果用英语中所特有的技巧来处理的话，可以使用从句，可以改为Because he is ill, he is not coming. 这样操作的话，就等于把一个谓语动词放入了从句中，它就不和主句里的另一个谓语动词形成冲突了。其实这也是“从句”------这个英语中所特有的语法现象存在的道理。这句话最后一种修改方法就是使用非谓语动词，可以改为“Being ill, he is not coming.”。所以各位现在就明白了，非谓语动词这个语法现象存在的意义就是为了使一句英语句子保持只有一个谓语动词。非谓语动词如果能灵活运用，在有些情况下能代替从句（非谓语动词做状语和定语时候，可以代替原来的状语从句和定语从句），可以让句子更加精简。 2.非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词主要可以分为三种形式：1. 分词 2. 动词不定式 3. 动名词。其中，分词又可以分为现在分词和过去分词。它们的具体形式如下：现在分词：being, doing, having done(现在分词表示主动) 过去分词: done, being done , having been done （过去分词表示被动）不定式: to do （表示主动）, to be done （表示被动）。某些题目中还会出现to have done/to have been done和to be doing等特殊形式，下面重点解析里会谈到。动名词：doing（表示主动），being done（表示被动）某些情况下having done和having been done也可以做动名词，下面重点解析里也会谈到。本质上说，非谓语动词是谓语动词变过来的，具体变化形式如下：主动被动谓语动词非谓语动词谓语动词非谓语动词 be being do doing be done done be doing doing be being done being done will do to do will be done to be done have done having done have been done having been done

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