时态 现在完成时
Present perfect Tense & Present perfect continuous Tense
Preview Sheet
Present perfect Tense谓语构成：
_________________________
现在完成时用法
1、表示过去发生的事情但影响到目前或将来。
*I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。
（cleaned是发生的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。
2、表示过去重复发生的动作也可以在将来重复发生
*He has handled every situation well. (we expect him to continue.)
3、表示过去的动作不发生在过去但可能发生在将来，要使用否定式not 或者never
*Yao hasn't returned to China since joining the Rockets.
4、表过去开始的动作一直延续的到现在的，用时间状语连词for或者since.
*I have been here for just over two years．我到这里才两年多。
用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
例：It is the first time that I have visited the city.
这是我第一次到访这个城市。
---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I have been here.
2）This is the…that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.
例：This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.
这是我第一次听他唱歌。
现在完成进行时的用法
一、现在完成进行时的构成方法
现在完成进行时由“_______________________________”构成。
二、现在完成进行时用法说明
表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止：He_________________ television all day.
他看了一天电视了。
He _________________ this work for three years.
这工作他已干了三年了。
It _________________ since last Sunday.
自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。
现在完成进行时、现在完成时& 过去时的区别
I 都可表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果：
★现在进完成进行时：have/ has + been + V 进行时表示的结果是直接：
E.g. 1.we have been cleaning the classroom.我们打扫教室来着
(其直接结果可能是：1.我们身上都是灰, 2.教室刚刚打扫.)
2. Be careful! John has been painting the door.
约翰刚刚把门油漆过，(现在油漆还未干)，所以你要小心。
★现在完成时：have/ has ＋V.过去分词表示的是最后的结果：
E.g. 1. We have cleaned the classroom．我们把教室打扫过了
(其结果是：1.现在教室很清洁，可以用了。2.可能表示教室是昨天打扫的)
2.John has painted the door．
约翰已经把门油漆过。（油漆可能已干了）。
★过去时Past Tense：表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只是陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对“现在”产生的影响。
E.g. We cleaned the classroom．
我们打扫教室过。(强调的是打扫教室的事情)
II 现在完成进行时通常表示动作有延续性（一直），而现在完成时往往没有。
★现在完成进行时：（表示动作延续到现在还在进行，没有完成）
1、I have been waiting for a letter from my parents.
我(一直)在等我父母的来信。
2、It has been raining for three hours.
雨（一直）下了三个小时了。
3、We have been studying here since 2004.
自从2004年以来，我们(一直)在这里学习。
4、They have been widening the road.
他们（一直）在加宽马路。（但尚未完工）
★现在完成时：（表动作已经结束）
1、I have waited for a letter from my parents.
我在等我父母的来信。（可能已经等到）
2、It has rained for three hours.
雨（已经）下了三个小时了。（可能停了）
3、We have studied here since 2004.
自从2004年以来，我们在这里学习。
★过去时：表述以前发生的事情，对现在没有关系。）
1、I waited for a letter from my parents.
我等我父母的来信。（只说过去发生的事情。）
2、It rained for three hours.
雨（已经）下了三个小时了。（表昨天以前的一场雨。）
3、We studied here in 2004.
2004年我们在这里学习。（这里不可以和since 连用）
4、They widened the road.
他们加宽马路。（只是说过去发生的事情，动作没有对现在没有影响。）
III 现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩，而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实，一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。
例1 a）What have you been doing？
b）What have you done？
a句表示惊异。b句只是一个问题。
例2 a）I have been wanting to meet you for long．
b）I have long wanted to meet you．
a比b更亲切，更有礼貌。
例3 a）Recently Mary has been doing her work regularly．
b）Recently Mary has done her work regularly．
a句显然是在表扬玛丽。b只说明一个事实。
例4 a）Who's been eating my apples？
b）Who's eaten my apples？
a句有强烈的感情色彩，表示愤怒不满，兼有进行时态，所以有“苹果未被全部吃光”的意思
b句只是希望回答的一个问题。是完成时态，说明“苹果一个不剩了”。
After-class Consolidation Sheet
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1 They __________ (move) to the south in 1990 and __________ (live) there since then.
2 Eric _________ (leave) home last year and ___________ (just come) back.
3 Justin _________ (be) away from home for several days. He __________(disappear) last Friday.
4 They ___________(buy) this house three years ago and they __________ (live) here since then.
5 My brother __________ (go) to see my grandpa last week. He __________ (visit) him three times this month.
二、选择填空
1. ______ that dress when I first saw you at the station?
A. Were you wearing
B. Have you worn
C. Did you wear
D. do you wear
2. ―Kate doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her?
―She has a headache because she ______ too long; she ought to stop work.
A. has been reading
B. had read
C. is reading
D. was reading
3. “Tell the students to stop shouting. We ______ our essays.”
A. write
B. have been writing
C. are writing
D. have written
4. My uncle, Sam,______ manager of the firm.
A. has just made
B. is just being made
C. has just been made
D. is just made
5. This is the first time the students ______ to Hyde Park.
A. have gone
B. have been
C. have been going
D. are being gone
6. She ______ her mother’s work since she was admitted into hospital.
A. is doing
B. has been doing
C. has done
D. has been done
7. Now that you ______ , what are you going to do?
A. are being returned
B. have been returning
C. have been returned
D. have returned
8. I ______ the incident as if it were yesterday.
A. am still to remember
B. have still been remembering
C. am being still remembered
D. still remember
9. －Where_____ the map? I can’t see anywhere.
－I ______ it right here just now.
A. did you put; have put
B. have you put; put
C. had you put; was putting
D. were you putting; have put
10. John told Mary that he ______ what he was doing during the vacation.
A. was just asked
B. was just asking
C. had just been asked
D. had just asked
11. I started my teaching career at the school. That was more than twenty years ago, and I ______ there ever since.
A. was
B. had been
C. will be
D. have been
12. We ______ fine weather for the past few days.
A. have
B. are having
C. have been had
D. have been having
13. It ______ every day so far this month.
A. is raining
B. rains
C. has rained
D. has been rained
14. By the end of last year they ______ 1,000 machines.
A. turned out
B. had turned out
C. would turn out
D. had been turned out
15.―Don’t put the waste on the ground.
―Oh, I’m very sorry. I ______ the dustbin there.
A. don’t see
B. isn’t seeing
C. did n’t see
D. haven’t seen
16. Good heavens! There you are! We _________ anxious about you. We _____ you back much earlier all through the night.
A. are; expect
B. were; had expected
C. will be; are expecting
D. have been; were expecting
17. Although medical science ____ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved
B. has achieved
C. will achieve
D. had achieved
18. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.
A. have been missing B have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
19. Customers are asked to make sure that they _____ the right change before leaving the shop.
A. will have
B. have been given
C. have given
D. will be given
20 ---- ______ leave at the end of this month.
----I don’t think you should do that until ______ another job.
A. I’m going to; you’d found
B. I’m going to; you’ve found
C. I’ll; you’ll found
D. I’ll; you’d found
现在完成时练习题及答案(精华版)
现在完成时 （1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： 1）since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes. 3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较： Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。 Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。
英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料
现在完成时 一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响 表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去 表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。 二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的， 其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。 如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。 友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型 原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut
最新英语时态：现在完成时和现在完成进行时区别、过去完成时及现在完成时区别
现在进行时和现在完成进行时区分： 区分have done和have been doing,我们需要从两个方面来讨论： 一、完成时态和完成进行时态本身意义的差别； 二、要结合动词的不同延续特点.首先我们来看两种时态的意义差别 两者根本区别是：完成进行时强调动作持续的过程(emphasis on duration),完成时强调动作的结果或成就(emphasis on achievement).具体来讲,现在完成进行时have been doing强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性,强调的是动作本身.现在完成时have done则是强调动作产生的结果或取得的成就,而不是动作本身.二者的这种区别我们从下面的这些例句可以很好地领悟到：(2) a. My hands are very dirty. I’ve been painting the house. b. I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it’s green. 思维分析： 句a中have been painting表示painting动作一直在持续,活动还没有结束,所以才有my hands are very dirty这样的现状.句a意思是“我的手很脏,我现在一直在给房间刷漆”. 句b中have painted表示painted动作已经结束,而且动作导致的结果是the house was white, but now it’s green房间现在是绿色的了. 现在完成时表示动作业已完成, 而完成进行时却不一定如此 I’ve made a cake. 我做了一个蛋糕.（已做好） I’ve been making a cake. 我一直在做一个蛋糕. （不一定做好了 She’s painted a picture. 她画了一幅画.（已画好） She’s been painting a picture. 她在画一幅画.（可能还没画好） 强调时间长度用完成进行时比较好：I’ve been coughing all night. 我咳了一整夜.（比I’ve coughed all night. 更能强调咳得久） All the time she’s been sitting there in silence. 她一直静坐在那里. All these years we’ve been trying to get in touch with him. 这些年来我们一直在设法和他联系. 许多静态动词都只能用于完成时而不能用于完成进行时： I’ve known that for a long time. 这事我已经知道很久了. The strike has lasted six months. 这次罢工已经持续了6个月. Nobody has seen him since last week. 从上周起就没人见到过他. raise in salary all the time. 他一直盼着加薪. 但当意思发生转变时也可能用于完成进行时： I’ve been thinking of doing so for a long time. 我好久以来一直想这样做 .Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you. 汤姆一直在设法帮你取得工作许可证. 有少数动词用两种时态都可以,意思差别不大,如： They have been working very well this term. 这学期他们学习很好. They have worked very well this term. It has been raining for two hours. 下了两个小时的雨. It has rained for two hours. 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人
现在完成时练习题及答案
现在完成时 一、其构成 "助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。 二、其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -___________ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。 (二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。3. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。 三、have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。 四、现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。 一、单项选择 1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _______what’s happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ. will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?
现在完成时趣味讲解
现在完成时趣味讲解 现在完成时的含义 可与现在完成时态相连用的常见时间状语 瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法 现在完成时的含义 在当今常见的语法书中对现在完成时的定义大多是：现在完成时是指过去发生的至今已经完成或还在继续的动作。在笔者2011年于《海外英语》中发表的《have + -en的构式研究》中曾指出这一说法的稍欠妥之处。因为过去发生的“已经完成”或“未完成”容易让学生产生疑惑：究竟是不是完成时？ 笔者认为易仲良教授提出的“式态”的说法以及马承老师提出的“现在完成时表示过去已经发生而与现在情况有关系的动作”这一说法更能让学生理解。事实上，我在初中的教学过程当中也是这样跟学生讲解的，学生们能够较好的理解这一说法，并能自然地将现在完成时与一般过去时区分开来。 常与现在完成时相连的时间状语 在初中阶段，多数考查现在完成时的句子当中都有较为明显的时间状语标志词， 比如以下的这些句子（均摘录自人教版教材）：
Have you read Treasure Island yet? I’ve already read it. Have you ever been to a museum? I’ve never been to a science museum. I’ve had this bike for three years. 如果在实际的教学过程当中孤立地让学生记忆这些时间状语标志，无疑会给学生增大学习难度。为了能够提高学生的学习兴趣，我认为可以通过口诀韵律的方式让学生较快地掌握：以前（before）从来不（never）出现，最近（recently）曾经（ever）一两遍（once/twice/many times…）, 自从（since+时间点）刚刚（just）for一段（for+一段），至今（so far/up to now）已经（already/yet）很明显。 在实际的教学过程当中，教师可有意识地讲述两个“已经”(already/yet)及（since/for）的区别着重分章节讲解，让学生在有了整体概念的基础上对各个考点进行突破。 瞬间动词在现在完成时中的用法 在人教版的课本附录的语法讲解中，我们可以看到：“某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（包括”现在“在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词”。如：
将来完成时与将来进行时与一般将来时区别
将来完成时与将来进行时与一般将来时区别 将来完成时 1)构成will/shall+have+p.p. 2)概念 a.状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。 b.动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成 的动作或已获得的经验。 将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。如： He will have gained his pilot's license before his next birthday .他下个生日前会拿到飞行证的。 You will have received an invitation to the wedding as well.你肯定会收到参加婚宴的邀请的。 They will have been married for20years by then. You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 将来进行时 1)概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 She'll be coming soon. I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.
注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说I'll be having a talk with her. 2）常用的时间状语 Soon,tomorrow,this evening，on Sunday,by this time，tomorrow,in two days,tomorrow evening By this time tomorrow,I'll be lying on the beach. 一般将来时 1)shall用于第一人称，常被will所代替。 will在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to+不定式，表示将来。 a.主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b.计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c.有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm. 3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
时态 现在完成时
Present perfect Tense & Present perfect continuous Tense Preview Sheet Present perfect Tense谓语构成： _________________________ 现在完成时用法 1、表示过去发生的事情但影响到目前或将来。 *I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 （cleaned是发生的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。 2、表示过去重复发生的动作也可以在将来重复发生 *He has handled every situation well. (we expect him to continue.) 3、表示过去的动作不发生在过去但可能发生在将来，要使用否定式not 或者never *Yao hasn't returned to China since joining the Rockets. 4、表过去开始的动作一直延续的到现在的，用时间状语连词for或者since. *I have been here for just over two years．我到这里才两年多。 用于现在完成时的句型 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。 例：It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次到访这个城市。 ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I have been here. 2）This is the…that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时. 例：This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 现在完成进行时的用法 一、现在完成进行时的构成方法 现在完成进行时由“_______________________________”构成。 二、现在完成进行时用法说明 表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止：He_________________ television all day. 他看了一天电视了。 He _________________ this work for three years. 这工作他已干了三年了。 It _________________ since last Sunday. 自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。 现在完成进行时、现在完成时& 过去时的区别 I 都可表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果： ★现在进完成进行时：have/ has + been + V 进行时表示的结果是直接：
专项训练现在完成时训练题
译林版中考英语专项训练现在完成时训练题 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Mike the bookshop. I have to wait for him. A. went to B. was in C. has been to D. has gone to 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：迈克去了书店。我不得不等他。从第二句来判断. 迈克不在. 应用“have／has gone to a place”来表示“去某地了（还没有回来）”。用现在完成时强调过去发生的事件对现在的影响。 【点评】考查动词时态及have been to和have gone to的区别。 2．—How do you like Treasure Island，Lucy？ —It's so exciting that I _______ it twice． A. am reading B. have read C. was reading D. had read 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你认为《金银岛》怎么样？——它是如此令人激动以至于我读了两次。根据twice可知已经发生了，故此处用现在完成时，故为have read，故选B。 【点评】此题考查现在完成时的用法。 3．—Lucy, is your uncle a teacher? —Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years. A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你叔叔是老师吗？——是的，他是。他教历史将近20年了。根据句中的时间状语 for nearly 20 years ，可知，表示持续一段时间的动作，用现在完成时，have/has+过去分词。主语是he，用has，故选B. 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意其常与for+一段时间连用。 4．—How many letters you to your mother? —109 in all, since 2016. A. has, written B. have, written C. did, write D. are, writing 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你给你妈写了多少封信？——从2016年起，总共109封。句中since 2016是现在完成时态常用的时间状语，其结构是主语+have/has+动词过去分词，且主语是you，则应填写have written，故答案选B。 【点评】考查动词的时态。注意现在完成时的用法。
现在完成时态讲解及练习
现在完成时态讲解及练习 一、现在完成时的构成 肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它 He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years. 一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它 Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? 否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它 He has not finished his homework. 过去分词的构成方法如下 : 1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 –ed. work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 –d. Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 –ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped 不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表 一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致） 二、ABB （过去式和过去分词一致） 3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d 6） 过去式、过去分词改为-elt
二、现在完成时标志词： recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚)
英语时态练习题-过去完成和将来完成时
过去完成时态练习题 一.用动词的适当形式填空 1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in. 2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die). 3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave). 4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive). 5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed. 6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call. 7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice. 8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall. 10. The Reads__________ (have) lunch when I ________(get) to their house. 11. When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave). 12. We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term. 13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework. 14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do) 15.She _________(not go) to Qingdao because she _____________ (be) there before. 16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher. 18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
现在完成时练习题及答案
一、时态讲解：现在完成时 （1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： a)since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. ×The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes 2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较： Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。 I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。 Exercise: I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
初中英语动词时态和语态讲解
初中英语动词时态和语态讲解 动词的时态和语态 （一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today.