动词不定式用法讲解-共10页
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一. 作主语例如：
To be a doctor is hard.
做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.
学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.
It is not easy to learn English well. 再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.
如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for
引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.
对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.
对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
二. 作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.
他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.
我的工作是饲养动物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.
她的理想是当医生。
三. 作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.
我想给你讲个故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.
他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.
别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.
他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
I find it interesting to learn English with you.
我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.
他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四. 作宾语补足语。例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.
老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.
老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
Please let me help you.
让我来帮助你。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.
例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.
I want you to go now.
我想让你现在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.
她父母亲希望她当老师。
2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：
Let / make / have sb. do sth.
Let the boy go out now.
让那个男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.
男孩弄哭了这个小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth.
I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.
昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.
我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb. （to）do sth.
I often help my mother （to）do housework.
我经常帮妈妈做家务。
*动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.
告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例：
Let the boy not go.
让那个男孩别走。
（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不省“to”，即原来省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.
The baby was made to cry by the boy.
那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五. 动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.
学英语最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？
Do you have something to drink?
你这有喝的吗？
*动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
I have no chair to sit on.
我没有椅子坐。
He has no house to live in.
他没有房子住。
六. 动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.
他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.
他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.
为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。
七. 不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例：
The problem is where to get a computer. （表语）
No one knows how to do it.
没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾）
I really don’t know which one to choose. （宾）
我真的不知道选哪一个。
When and where to have the party is not known. （主语）
何时何地举行联欢还不知道。
*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.
我不知下一步该做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.
附:动词不定式用法详解
动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法:
一、带to的不定式结构
1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有: want, ask, tell, hope,
learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come等。
2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如:
Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。
二、不带to的不定式结构
以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:
1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do
sth.。例如:
You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。
It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。
2.在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词
不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。
I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。
3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。
"Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如:
Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。
Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休个假呢。
三、动词不定式作主语
不定式结构作主语时,现代英语倾向于采用it作形式主语,而把不定式结构后置的形式。例如：
It’s difficult to learn English well. 学好英语很难。
四、动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语,要放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。例如:
I have nothing to say on this question.对这个问题我无可奉告。
五、动词不定式作宾语
有的及物动词要求跟复合宾语(即宾语+宾语补足语)。如果其中的宾语是不定式短语,则必须将形式宾语it放在宾语的位置上,而将不定式短语(真正的宾语)放在宾语补足语之前。例如:
I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很有用。
We thought it wrong not to tell her.我们认为不告诉她是错误的。
六、动词不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式作宾语补足语是动词不定式用法的一个重点,学习时要注意以下三种情况:
1.作动词ask, like, tell等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to不可以省略。
例如:
He asked me to talk about English study.他请我谈谈英语学习。
2.作使役动词let, have, make以及感官动词feel, hear, see,
watch等的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to要省略。例如:
The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样说这个单词。
3.作动词help的宾语补足语时,动词不定式符号to可以带,也可以不带。例如:
Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box。你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗。七、动词不定式作状语
动词不定式及其短语具有副词的特性,可在句中用作状语。
1.放在句首也可以放在句尾表示目的等。例如:
He stopped to have a rest.他停下来休息。
2.跟在作表语的形容词或过去分词的后面。例如:
I'm sorry to hear that.听到这事我感到很难过。
3.用在too... to...结构中。例如:
He is too young to understand all that.他太年轻了,不能理解这件事。
【模拟试题】: 一. 选择填空：
1. He asked me ________ here earlier.
A. come
B. to come
C. coming
D. came
2. Please tell him _______ on the wall.
A. don’t draw
B. to not draw
C. not to draw
D. not draw
3. He wanted ________ a cup of tea.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. had
4. I’d like ________ a word with you.
A. had
B. having
C. to have
D. have
5. I came here _______ my uncle.
A. saw
B. to see
C. seeing
D. to be seen
6. The man refused （拒绝）________ back his words.
A. to take
B. taking
C. took
D. takes
7. I can let you ________ one ticket.
A. to have
B. have
C. having
D. had
8. We often heard him _________ in his room.
A. to sing
B. sings
C. sang
D. sing
9. He was made ________ day and night.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
10. He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing.
A. having
B. to have
C. have
D. had
11. My father was too angry _________ a word.
A. to say
B. not to say
C. to saying
D. didn’t say
12. My brother was old enough ________ to school.
A. went
B. goes
C. going
D. to go
13. It is time ________ him ________ supper.
A. of, to have
B. for, to have
C. of, having
D. for, to has
14. It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.
A. of, to help
B. for, to help
C. of, help
D. of, helping
15. It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.
A. kept
B. to keep
C. to give
D. keep
16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _______ to school.
A. went
B. go
C. to go
D. to be gone
17. He said he had an important meeting ________.
A. attend
B. would attend
C. attending
D. to attend
18. Please give me a piece of paper ________.
A. to write
B. to write on
C. writing
D. to write it
19. I don’t know _______.
A. what do
B. what will do
C. what to do
D. do what
20. Your radio needs ________.
A. to be repaired
B. to repair
C. repaired
D. to repairing
21. My wish is ________ a teacher.
A. becoming
B. to become
C. become
D. became
22. I want ________ him a letter now.
A. to write
B. not write
C. write
D. wrote
23. It took us three days _________ the trees.
A. plant
B. planted
C. to plant
D. plants
24. Why not ________ here _______ me?
A. to come, to see
B. come, to see
C. came, seeing
D. come, see
25. He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.
A. to do, to work
B. doing, working
C. to do, working
D. do, work
26. Please tell me ________ her. I have something _______ her.
A. where to find, telling
B. where to find, to tell
C. where can find, to tell
D. where finding, telling
27. How happy they are ______ each other again!
A. to see
B. see
C. saw
D. being seen
28. They decided （决心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.
A. to write, expressing（表达）
B. writing, express
C. write, expressed
D. to write, to express
29. The officer ordered （命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.
A. lying, have
B. to lie, to have
C. to lie, having
D. lie, had
30. The headmaster called on （号召）us ______ hard for our country.
A. to work
B. worked
C. work
D. to working
二.根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything.
He was too angry _______ ______ anything.
2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting.
I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting.
3. He said he would write a letter.
He said he would have a letter ______ _______.
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.
5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）
He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.
His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.
7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.
His brother decided _____ _______ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.
He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room.
He was seen _____ ______ into the room.
11.We made him work five hours a day.
He was made _____ ______ five hours a day.
12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?
Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself?
13.We don’t know what we shall do next.
We don’t know what ____ _______ next.
14.I’m very sorry on hearing the bad news.
I’m very sorry _____ _______ the bad news.
15.He stopped and had a look at me.
He stopped _____ ______ a look at me.
16.I helped him with his English.
I helped him _____ ______ English.
17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike.
My father promised ____ ______ me a bike.
18.The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______.
19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog.
The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down.
20.“Don’t make any noise, ”she said to me.
She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise.
【试题答案】
一.
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B
25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A
二.
1. to say
2. to have
3. to write
4. for, to, read
5. enough, to lift
6. to spend
7. in, order, to, get
8. to buy
9. to visit 10. to go 11. To work 12. to say 13. to do 14. to hear 15. to have 16. to learn（study）17. to buy 18. for, to carry 19. to lie 20. not, to make
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充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
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省略to的动词不定式用法归纳 一、使役动词与to的省略 当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如： Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。 但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如： 他被迫一天工作20小时。 误：He was made work twenty hours a day. 正：He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意，表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。 另外注意，force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如： They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。 考例： 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8112787104.html, to leave https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8112787104.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略 当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。如： We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。 但是，当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。如： They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个
(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语
名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…‖的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成―It is… to…‖的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语
初中英语动词不定式的基本用法(2)(最新整理)
动词不定式（the infinitive）的基本用法 动词不定式 1. “not/never to do / not do”. 2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。 一、不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语 eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school. 不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后。 e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well. ★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即： 跟踪练习 1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers. 2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream. 3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换) ________ ________ English well ______ very important. 4. It’s important _______ Chinese well. A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns 2. 作表语 eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等，可与系动词构成系表结构。 eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets. 跟踪练习 1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day. 2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor. 3. 作宾语 eg：The driver offered to help the patient. 有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、打算或希望等。常见的此类动词有：agree,
初中英语动词不定式用法梳理
初中英语动词不定式用法梳理 动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to，动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语，叫作不定式短语。现对九年级动词不定式的用法作一次简要梳理动词不一，定式作主语 直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。 二、用作表语 动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征) 三、用作宾语 1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend,know) 希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love) 2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on...可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语，但why后面的不定式不带to。 3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find / make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。 4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语，意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love 等。一般说来，动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程，ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格，特别是美国英语，即使 习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式 begin用了进行时态，后面只接不定式作宾语，表示事情刚开始，还要继续下去。 感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。 5.后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语，意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语，表动作尚未发生；后接ving形式作宾语，表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事，to do是目的状语；stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事，doing是宾语。try to do尽力做，try doing试试看；go on to do接着做另外的事，go on doing继续做原来的事 四、用作定语 1.句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语，不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时，用动词不定式的主动式。 2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时，不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。 3.在“there be...”句型里，句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象，常用主动式 五、用作补语 动词不定式作补语时，在主动语态句里补宾语，在被动语态句里补主语，句子的宾语或主语是不定式动作的逻辑执行者。如果不定式是to be done，句子的宾语或主语就是逻辑承受者。 1.在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有：要求允许提议(ask, allow, permit, advise)，期望邀请鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage)，教导告诉想要(teach,