英语试卷分类汇编英语英语阅读理解汇编(及答案)

英语试卷分类汇编英语英语阅读理解汇编(及答案)

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

John was well known in his village as a mean（吝啬） man. One day, he said to a poor hungry boy, "I will give you three meals and twenty-five pence if you are willing to do a day's work for me." The boy agreed. But in fact, he was more interested in the meals than the money.

"You can have breakfast," said John, "and then you can start work." After John gave the boy a very small breakfast, he said, "Now you can have your lunch. This will save us a lot of time." The boy agreed and had a poor lunch. Then John said, "What about having dinner now?"

When the boy finished his dinner, John looked very pleased and said, "Now you can do a long day's work." "Sorry," said the boy as he stood up to leave John's house, "I never work after dinner."

（1）The boy agreed to work for John because he wanted to .

A. work hard

B. get food

C. help John

D. punish him

（2）John let the boy have meals first because he wanted to let the boy .

A. go home early

B. thank for his kindness

C. have more working hours

D. have a rest first

（3）We know from the passage that John would feel about the boy at last.

A. worried

B. glad

C. sorry

D. angry

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了John为了让男孩一整天工作，让男孩把早饭和晚饭一起吃了，最后男孩没有工作。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的But in fact, he was more interested in the meals than the money 可知，他是想得到食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据文中提到的 This will save us a lot of time. 可知，他想让这个男孩为他多工作，故选C。

（3）推断题。根据文章提到的 said the boy as he stood up to leave John's house, I never work after dinner可知，男孩拒绝工作，因而这个男人会感到生气，故选D。

【点评】考查了细节题和推断题两种题型，做此类题的时候，熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文中找出答案，同时联系上下文，找出推断题的正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist, began by training his daughter. And when she competed successfully abroad, he set up the team. It is the world's most unlikely sporting team, because the sport breaks taboos in a country where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.

The head coach faces frequent threats and the girls' families do not always approve "If it's not their fathers trying to stop them, it's a brother or uncle."

Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father. "They will never come in front of us to say ‘Why are you cycling?', but they say bad words to our father," she said. His team have, however, competed and won regionally against Bangladesh and Pakistan.

"We want to go cycling because we want to be heroes one day," said 16-year-old Jella, one of the latest riders. In one of the mildest and driest winters for many years, training has gone on without stopping. And next spring, the girls will go up into the mountains. "We say that women should not sit at home, they need to come out and do sports," said Abdul Sadiq, And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day. "It's my ambition, and I hope that one day girls will be allowed to go cycling on the streets, not having a coach, or anyone with them, and they will not have problems," she said.

（1）What does Abdul Sadiq do?

A. A teacher.

B. A cyclist.

C. A reporter.

D. A driver.（2）What does the underlined word "taboos" mean in Chinese?

A. 禁忌

B. 警告

C. 符号

D. 风俗（3）From the third paragraph, we can know

A. Massouma and Zarab's parents approve of their joining the team

B. Massouma and Zarab's uncles are against their cycling

C. Massouma and Zarab don't want to join the team

D. Massouma and Zarab are both very old

（4）What was Zainab's dream?

A. Her mother approving her cycling.

B. Going cycling alone on the street.

C. Joining the team.

D. Winning against Bangladesh and Pakistan.

（5）Where may you see the passage?

A. In a storybook.

B. In a fashion magazine.

C. In a travel guide book.

D. In a sports newspaper.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，他从训练女儿开始。当她在国外比赛成功时，他组建了这个队。这是世界上最不可能的运动队，因为这项运动打破了许多传统社区禁止妇女出门的禁忌。

（1）细节题。根据Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist可知阿卜杜勒·萨迪克是阿富汗唯一的职业自行车手，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house.可知许多传统社区禁止妇女出门，所以是打破了禁忌，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father.可知

Massouma和Zarab的叔叔反对他们骑自行车，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据And 18- year-old Zainab said she wished that she could just go cycling alone on the street one day.可知Zainab希望一天独自在街上骑自行车，故选B。

（5）细节题。根据全文可知与骑自行车有关，所以在体育报纸上看到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid（急救） if the wound is serious.

Broken bones（骨头）: Take away clothing from the wound, Use an ice pack. Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.

Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.

Fainting（昏厥）: Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall, Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the person's face with a cool cloth.

Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜） forward a little, Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.

（1）What should we do first when an animal bite happens?

A. Put an ice pack on the wound.

B. Wash the bite area with soap and water.

C. Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.

D. Take the injured person to the hospital.

（2）When dealing with the problems of ____________, we shouldn't move the hurt. A. broken bones and animal bites B. animal bites and nosebleeds

C. broken bones and fainting

D. fainting and nosebleeds

（3）Which of the following is NOT right when a boy's nose bleeds?

A. Let his head not tilt back.

B. Let his head tilt forward a little.

C. Let him sit up.

D. Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.

（4）Which part of a magazine may the passage come from?

A. Lifestyle.

B. Health.

C. Sports.

D. Education.

（5）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. First aid for some accidental wounds.

B. Steps of looking for medical care.

C. Advice on ways not to get hurt.

D. Ways to ask for help in getting hurt.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识。

（1）细节题。根据Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water.可知动物咬伤时用肥皂和水清洗，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Broken bones（骨头）: Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.和Fainting（昏厥）: Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall可知当骨折和昏厥时不要移动伤者，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.可知当流鼻血时捏鼻子更低的部分至少10分钟，而不是整个鼻子，故选D。

（4）推断题。根据全文可知讲了意外伤害的急救，所以可能来自健康部分，即health，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解

Interesting festivals in the world

Throwing tomatoes-Spain（西班牙）

Spain takes "tomato fights" to a whole new level. But the tomatoes are

being thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place on the last

Wednesday in August, Trucks（卡车） carry tomatoes into the square.

People rush to the tomatoes and throw them into the crowd.

Rolling cheese -England

This festival is celebrated in May. It takes place on Copper's Hill. A large

wheel of cheese（奶酪）is rolled down Copper's Hill, The festival is

actually a race where people run down the hill after the rolling cheese.

The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of the hill wins

the cheese.

Burning man -The United States

The Burning Man Festival is held annually, spanning from the last

Sunday in August to the first Monday in September（Labor Day）. The

festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. The best part of the festival is

the burning of a large sculpture of a man.

Pouring water-Thailand

The Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand.

Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April

13th to April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water.

Songkran is one of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to

the beautiful land.

A. Spain.

B. England.

C. The United States.

D. Thailand.

（2）Which activity is held in Black Rock Desert?

A. Throwing tomatoes.

B. Rolling cheese.

C. Burning man.

D. Pouring water.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.

B. Not all the festivals above fall on a single day.

C. Burning a large real man is the best part of the Burning Man Festival.

D. Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了世界上有趣的节日：西班牙的扔西红柿节、英格兰的滚奶酪节、美国的火烧人狂欢节和他国的泼水节。

（1）细节理解题，根据Rolling cheese -England This festival is celebrated in May. 可知五月份可以去英国，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 Burning man -The United States The festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. 可知火烧人狂欢节放生在黑岩沙漠，故答案是C。

（3）正误判断题，根据文章内容可知，哪一个节日也不是在一天之内结束的，因此B的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。

5．阅读理解

Hover Camera

Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight （一夜成名）because of the invention.

Forget selfie sticks（自拍杆）! Compared with other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages.

*It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.

*It can be controlled by using a smartphone.

*It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.

*It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.

Mr. Wang also said, "The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's .very light and small. It can be folded（折叠） in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on its own. "

It's reported that the company has raised $ 25 million to produce it. Hover Camera can be bought now. The price is $ 599.

（1）Hover Camera can.

A. swim in the water

B. fly in midair

C. change its weight

D. be used as a phone （2）The underlined word "track" means "___________".

A. pull

B. follow

C. push

D. show

（3）According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?

A. Because it's light and small.

B. Because it can be folded in three.

C. Because it doesn't need power.

D. Because only a smartphone can make it land.

（4）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. How can we control Hover Camera?

B. When can we buy Hover Camera?

C. How much is Hover Camera?

D. How popular will Hover Camera be?

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那的相机。

（1）细节题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条 It can fly and stay in mid-air，可知它可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture，追随着你的脸，甚至会跟随你，以确保它得到了完美的照片，故可知track词义与follow相近，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据倒数第三段Mr. Wang also said，"The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's very light and small．王先生说："这个主要的考虑是使用者携带它的时候很容易也很安全，很轻而且小巧，故选A。

（4）细节题。A选项：根据文中列举的好处中的第二条It can be controlled by using a smartphone，它能被智能手机所控制，故排除A．B选项：根据倒数第二段Hover Camera can be bought later this year它可以在年底购买，故排除B,C选项：根据倒数第一段But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600，可知价格也有被提到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；

推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6．阅读所给材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Boys and girls, we have some interesting and fun things for you this term. Have a good time.

English Club

For the seventh—grade students

Time: Tuesday afternoon and Friday evening Place: Room 301

Tele: 77459312

Math exam

For the ninth—grade students Time: on Monday, Match 20th Place: Room 306

PS: Top 10 will get a surprise

A Talk

For all students

Time: 14:30?16:30, April 25th Place: in the school hall Topic: How to Learn English Well

Singing Competition

For the eighth—grade students Time: on Thursday, May 23rd Place: in the music room Tele: 58172352

A. A singing competition.

B. A math exam.

C. A talk about how to learn English well.

D. An English speech contest.

（2）Where will Tom, a ninth—grade student, probably be at 3:00 p. m. on April 25th? A. In Room 301. B. In Room 306. C. In the school hall. D. In the music room.（3）How often do the English club members practice spoken English?

A. Once a week.

B. Twice a week.

C. Three times a week.

D. Four times a week.（4）How many students will get a surprise after the math exam?

A. 4.

B. 10.

C. 20.

D. 306.

（5）Where may you see this notice?

A. In a school.

B. In a shop.

C. In a hospital.

D. In a restaurant.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了四则广告信息。

（1）细节题。根据第四个表格Time: on Thursday, May 23rd，可知是唱歌比赛，故选A。（2）细节题。根据第三个表格For all students Time: 14:30?16:30, April 25th Place: in the school hall，可知在学校大厅，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据第一个表格Time: Tuesday afternoon and Friday evening，可知周二下午和周五晚上，即一周两次，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据PS: Top 10 will get a surprise，可知前10名学生得到一个惊喜，故选B。

（5）细节题。根据Boys and girls, we have some interesting and fun things for you this term.可知是给学校孩子们的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

Like you, plants need good things like food, water, and minerals in order to grow. Usually they get these important nutrients（营养） from the rich soil（土壤） in which they're planted. But there's another way to grow plants that doesn't use soil. It's called hydrogenic gardening.

"Hydrogenic" means "working with water." In a hydrogenic garden, plants grow with their roots in water, not in dirt. The water is filled with special food for the plants that gardeners have carefully measured and prepared.

Hydrogenic plants grow quickly. In ordinary gardens, plants need time and energy to grow long roots that search the soil for food and water. In a hydrogenic garden, plants can use their energy to grow tall instead. And because there is no soil, there are no weeds and few insect pests（害虫）. Gardeners don't need to spray（喷洒） plants with dangerous chemicals. Both the plants and the environment stay healthy.

Scientists hope that, one day, hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food-even in countries that have bad soil, or weather that is too hot, too cold, or too dry. And astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens with them to the spaceship they fly to Mars, so that they will always have fresh vegetables, and the fun of growing a garden without dirt.

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word "dirt" in the second paragraph?

A. soil

B. water

C. insect

D. food

（2）Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. Plants need water and other nutrients to grow.

B. There are no weeds in hydrogenic gardens.

C. Hydrogenic plants cannot grow in too hot weather.

D. Astronauts hope to take hydrogenic gardens to space.

（3）What's the passage about?

A. Plant growing.

B. Space farming.

C. Scientific watering.

D. hydrogenic gardening.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了氢化园艺。

（1）词义猜测题。根据In a hydrogenic garden, plants grow with their roots in water在氢化花园中，植物的根在水中生长，通常植物生长在土里，故可知dirt是soil土壤的意思，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据hydrogenic gardens may be able to help hungry people all over the world grow enough food-even in countries that have bad soil, or weather that is too hot, too cold, or too dry.氢化花园也许能帮助全世界饥饿的人种植足够的食物——即使是在土

壤不好、天气太热、太冷或太干燥的国家，可知氢化植物不能在太热的天气里生长是错的，故选C。

（3）主旨题。根据全文描述可知本文介绍了氢化园艺，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找

答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关

信息锁定词意。

8．阅读理解

As the fifth of seven children, I went to the same public school as my three elder sisters and brother. Every year, each child from the third grade took part in an old school tradition—the plant sale held in early May, just before Mother's Day.

That year I was old enough to take part in it. I wanted to surprise my mother, but I didn't have any money. I told my elder sister about it and she gave me some money. When I arrived at the plant sale, I carefully chose my favorite. I watched each plant seriously to make sure that I could find the best geranium（天竺葵）. After school, with the help of my sister I bid it on the neighbor's porch（门廊）. On Mother's Day, I remember how bright my mother's eyes were and how elated she was at my gift.

The year I was fifteen, my younger sister reached the third, grade. She told me that, she wanted to surprise our mother. Like my elder sister did for me, I gave her some money. And she bought the same gift and we hid it in the same place. When she gave the gift to my mother, I watched them full of pride and happiness. My mother noticed me watching and gave me a soft and secret smile. With a shock at my heart, I smiled back.

I wonder how my mother could pretend （假装） to be surprised at the same sixth child, but as I watched her eyes, I knew she was not pretending.

（1）The writer first took part in the plant sale______________.

A. in the third grade

B. at the age of sixteen

C. in the fifth grade

D. at the age of fifteen

（2）The underlined word "elated" in the second paragraph probably means _____________.

A. angry

B. upset

C. excited

D. relaxed

（3）The sixth child bought _____________ for her mother.

A. the prettiest rose

B. the best geranium

C. the biggest grape

D. the freshest strawberry

（4）From the third paragraph, we can know the mother ___________when she got the same gift.

A. refused to accept it

B. pretended to be happy

C. felt proud and happy

D. hid it on the neighbor's porch

（5）The passage is mainly about __________________.

A. the best place to hide a gift

B. a good way to surprise mom

C. an awful secret of the family

D. deep love between mom and children

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者小时候和几个兄弟姐妹给妈妈送母亲节礼物的故事。（1）细节题。根据Every year, each child from the third grade took part in an old school tradition—the plant sale held in early May, just before Mother's Day.That year I was old enough to take part in it每年，三年级的每个孩子都参加一个古老的学校传统——五月初母亲节前夕举行的植物销售。那一年，我大到可以参加了，可知作者在三年级时第一次参加了植物销售，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。A生气的，B不安的，C激动的，D放松的，根据how bright my mother's eyes were我母亲的眼睛有多明亮可知elated是excited激动的意思，故选C。（3）推理题。根据she bought the same gift她买了同样的礼物和I could find the best geranium可知第六个孩子给她妈妈买了geranium，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据I watched them full of pride and happiness可知，母亲收到同样的礼物时感到自豪和快乐，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据本文讲述了作者小时候几个兄弟姐妹给妈妈送母亲节礼物的故事可知本文讲述了妈妈和孩子之间深深的爱，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.

At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone.

I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.

The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.

In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that

Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."

At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".

（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n） .

A. instructor

B. camper

C. student

D. reporter

（2）How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?

A. Once.

B. Twice.

C. Three times.

D. Many times.（3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？

①The boy danced joyfully wi th two girls.

② The boy went back to school and made new friends.

③ The boy refused to join in the activities.

④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.

A. ①②③④

B. ②③①④

C. ③①②④

D.

④③②①

（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer. A. thankful B. helpful C. faithful D. harmful

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。

（1）推理题。根据 In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp 在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知，在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 invited him to join in the activities和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知，作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞，这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友，男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他可知，汤米的母亲对作家很感谢，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

10．阅读理解

In some western countries, a gap year（空档年）is regarded as a special celebration for teenagers. They think it is a necessary process for teens to develop into adults. Then what's a gap year？It's a short break from study for a year or less. It's normally between high school and university. During the gap year, the students usually take a break from their school education to travel, volunteer, study or work.

There are some reasons why students might want to take a gap year. They usually think it is a chance to get professional or personal experience. Some common reasons to take a gap year include：

★Open their eyes.

★Make international friends.

★Make some money.

★Get useful work experience and key skills.

Although teenagers can benefit from（从……获益）the gap year activities, there are many disadvantages. The parents are worried. Here are the reasons why parents disagree with the idea of taking a gap year.

★It may cost a lot of money to organize.

★They may get hurt or sick during the travels.

★They may simply find that they didn't get the experience they were hoping for.

A gap year is a new experience for not only teenagers but also people who were born in the 1960s. Maybe it's really a good chance for them to experience the retirement（退休生活）in advance（提前）.

（1）A gap year is a special celebration for ___.

A. parents

B. volunteers

C. teenagers

D. teachers

（2）A short break from study refers to（指的是）a certain period of time___.

A. before high school

B. between primary school and high school

C. during high school

D. between high school and university

（3）The second paragraph talks about the___ for taking a gap year.

A. chances

B. reasons

C. suggestions

D. methods

（4）The parents are worried because the students may___ in gap year activities.

A. get work skills

B. make some friends

C. open their eyes

D. get hurt or sick （5）From the last paragraph, we can infer that people who will retire may___ a gap year.

A. be interested in

B. be worried about

C. be disappointed at

D. be nervous about

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了西方国家空档年的情况。

（1）细节理解题，根据原文，In some western countries，a gap year（空档年）is regarded as a special celebration for teenagers.在一些西方国家，空档年被认为是一个为青少年而有的特殊的庆祝，故选C。

（2）推理题，根据原文It's normally between high school and university，通常会是在高中和大学之间，故选D。

（3）主旨题，根据原文，There are some reasons why students might want to take a gap year，为什么学生想要一个空档年是有很多原因的，Some common reasons to take a gap year include. 一些普遍的需要空档年的原因包括……可知这段主要讲了需要空档年的原因，故选B。

（4）细节理解题，根据原文They may get hurt or sick during the travels.他们可能在旅行中会受伤或生病，这是父母反对以及担忧的一点，而其他选项都是需要空档年的原因，故选D。

（5）细节理解题，根据原文，A gap year is a new experience for not only teenagers but also people who were born in the19605.Maybe it's really a good chance for them to experience the retirement in advance.一个空档年不仅是对于青少年来说，也对出生在60年代出生的人的来说，是一种新的体验，对于他们来说提前体验下退休可能真的是对于他们来说的一个很好的机会，可知这批即将退休的60年代的人可能对这个空档年会比较感兴趣，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018—Shenzhen has become the world's first city to make about 16, 359, run on electricity （电；电能）. 12,518 taxis in the city are electric ones. "We will replace （替换） the rest of the taxis with electric ones by 2020." said Mr. Chen from the government.

"I have been a driver for twenty years," said Mr. Zhang, a driver who started to drive electric buses a month ago. "We had a lot of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the electric buses."

The city has built 8, 000 charging poles （充电桩） and 501 bus charging stations. "A bus can be fully charged in two hours and the charging poles can serve 300 buses a day at our station. Since the replacement, the bus station has become quiet." said Mr. Guan, the manager of Qinghu Bus Station.

The use of electric buses and electric taxis plays an important role in making air fresher. In a year, the electric buses use 72. 9 % less energy than the traditional ones. The electric taxis will save the energy of 119, 000 tons of standard coal.

Shenzhen was one of the first 13 cities to take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle Program. In 2017, the city spent 3. 3 billion yuan on electric buses and the charging equipment （设备）. The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money.（1）How many electric taxis were there in Shenzhen in January, 2018?

A. 8, 000

B. 12, 518

C. 16, 359

D. 11, 900

（2）To drive an electric bus, a driver should ________.

A. have at least 20 years' driving experience

B. charge the electric bus every day

C. take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle Program

D. have a lot of training and pass strict exams

（3）What is the influence of the replacement according to Mr. Guan?

A. 200 buses can be charged a day.

B. It causes air to be worse.

C. The bus station has become quiet.

D. People will pay more if they buy e-cars.

（4）The city encourages people to ________.

A. buy new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money

B. spending more money in buying new cars

C. use traditional cars as long as possible

D. avoid driving electric buses

（5）The passage is most probably taken from ________.

A. a textbook

B. a diary

C. a story book

D. a news report

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述是深圳是中国13座城市之一从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全部使用电动出租车和公交车，使空气变得更加清新。

（1）细节题。根据 12,518 taxis in the city are electric ones.可知，深圳2018年一月的电动出租车的数量达到12,218辆，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 "We had a lot of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the electric buses.可知，电动出租车司机要进行许多培训和考试，合格者才能开电动出租车，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 the bus station has become quiet.可知车站会变得安静，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money。可知深圳市鼓励人们用更少的钱买新能源汽车或电动车，故A。（5）推断题。本文讲述深圳从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全面使用电动出租车和公交车，鼓励人们购买新能源汽车和电动车，可以推出这篇文章有可能来自新闻报道，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

12．阅读理解

Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and others Believe that success mostly Comes down to luck. I'm not going to say luck, talent, and Circumstances（境遇）don't Come into play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are Born with great intelligence, and that's just the reality of how life is.

However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10, 000 hours studying and practising. To vecome great at certain things, it'll require even more time, which most people won't put in.

This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it.

When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there. It's sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were Born with some unusual talent, But thinking that way does you no good, and there's a huge Chance that you're wrong anyway.

No matter what you do, if you want to Become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of addiction（入迷）, and over a long period of time. If you're not willing to put in the time and work, don't expect to receive any rewards. Hard work won't guarantee（保证）you the level of success you may want, But it will guarantee that you will Become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.

（1）Paragraph 1 mainly talks about __________.

A. the reasons for success

B. the meaning of success

C. the standards of success

D. the importance of success

（2）The underlined word" that" refers to __________.

A. putting in more time

B. succeeding in life

C. Being good at something

D. setting a practical goal

（3）Successful people suggest doing what one loves Because __________.

A. work makes him feel pain

B. he is likely to enjoy his work

C. he gives up his work easily

D. it takes a lot of time to succeed

（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain that luck or talent leads to success.

B. To tell us that one cannot succeed without time and practice.

C. To show us that having a goal is the main reason to success.

D. To describe that successful people like to show their great skills.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。

（1）主旨题。第一段主要分析了成功的原因，有人认为是天赋、出身或者运气，但是作者并不完全认同，认为这只是生活的现实而已。故A项，成功的原因是正确。B项意为“成功的意义”；C项意为“成功的标准”；D项意为“成功的重要性”，均与第一段不相关，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then make it more practical. And, vesides that, in order to get really good at something 可知that指代setting a practical goal，设定一个实际的目标，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don't enjoy what you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you give up before you ever become good at it. 成功人士建议做自己喜欢的事情，因为他很可能喜欢他的工作，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据本文是介绍成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的（领域）一定会成为你的优势所在。可知文章的主要目的是告诉我们没有时间和实践就不会成功，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

Aaron didn't want to tell his classmates that he was homeless. But when he recorded his own story with StoryCorpsU-a project set up to help kids in high-needs schools build stronger relationships with their teachers-he says, it just came out.

"I don't know what made mc say it," Aaron explains. "but I'm like, 'Let me just be honest and just get it out.'"

In his recording, made last year in Chicago, Aaron said that he "had to sleep outside,

sometimes with nothing to eat. I was ashamed（羞耻的）.…I am still ashamed."

Only when hearing Aaron's recording did his teacher, Celeste Davis-Carr, learned that he was living on the streets.

"I was scared, because I felt helpless, "Davis-Carr tells Aaron." I didn't know what to do, but at the same time I felt I must try my best to help you."

"I didn't really think that I would ever really tell a teacher, but it makes me know that you're special because you care," Aaron says. "You talk to me and make sure that I'm cool."

In the year since showing his secret, Aaron says he's doing better. He has more friends and has been living in a foster home（寄养家庭）since October. "It's good, actually. I feel comfortable. Where I am now-it kind of feels like home."

"Can I tell you one thing that I really admire about you, Aaron?" Davis-Carr asks. "Because I've never told you. Do you know how strong you are? You have a strength（力量） that, no matter what anyone says about you or they do to you, you don't change who you are as a person. And a lot of people don't have that strength. So I admire that about you."

"Thank you," Aaron replies.

"I want to see you happy," his teacher tells him." Just your smile is the best moments of you." "Thank you, "Aaron says." That means a lot to me."

（1）Aaron told his story in the recording to .

A. help the homeless kids

B. look for happiness

C. win support from others

D. keep himself honest

（2）In the eyes of Aaron, his teacher Davis-Carr .

A. offered him special care

B. felt helpless in his life

C. sometimes looked cool

D. was too scared to help him

（3）Which of the following statements about Aaron is TURE?

A. Aaron feels good about his new home.

B. Aaron dislikes his teachers except Davis-Carr.

C. Aaron has told his classmates he is homeless.

D. Aaron is always ready to change himself.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. A teenager enjoys going to school alone.

B. A teacher admires a student for his smile.

C. A homeless boy finds love in a teacher.

D. A recording helps a student find his parents.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的故事。（1）细节题。根据"I don't know what made mc say it," Aaron explains. "but I'm like, 'Let me just be honest and just get it out.'"可知，说出整个故事是为了保持诚实，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据but it makes me know that you're special because you care可知，在Aron

的眼里，老师是关心他的，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据It's good, actually. I feel comfortable. 可知，他觉得新家是好的，舒服的，所以A选项正确，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的故事，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

Do you think there is a ghost in the world? More than 20 years ago, a student jumped from the top of the clock tower in the University of Birmingham. He did this only because he failed his final exam.

After his death, a superstition（迷信） began: Anyone who walks under the clock tower will have bad luck in his exam. Years later, students there still remembered the story of the tower. Although Birmingham is the second largest city in Britain, the university is green and quiet. The grass around the tower has been worn away by the feet of students who refuse to pass underneath the tower.

The university had to pave（铺）extra paths, so students could walk to their classrooms without passing under the most terrible area. But, one day just before an important exam, a top student in the university walked under the clock tower because he was lost in thought. However, he got high marks in the exam the next day. Quickly students all knew about it. Then they realized that the most important thing is working hard.

Whenever I go under the clock tower, I will tell myself, "Working hard is the key to success."（1）Why did the student jump from the top of the tower?

A. Because he saw a ghost there.

B. Because he was very careless.

C. Because he didn't pass his final exam.

D. Because there was no risk.

（2）The grass around the tower has been worn away by the students who .

A. think the grass is really beautiful and like to walk on it

B. think they will fail exams if they walk under the tower

C. believe anyone who walks under the tower will die

D. know there is a ghost in the tower and are afraid of it

（3）What did the university do with the problem?

A. It paved other roads for the students.

B. It ordered students to walk under the tower.

C. It moved the clock tower away at last.

D. It didn't do anything for the students.

（4）What's the writer's opinion in the passage?

A. He thinks it's dangerous to risk walking under the clock tower.

B. He doesn't believe the story is true.

C. He thinks the story is interesting.

D. Working hard is important to success.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：通过发上在校园里的一件事导致了学生的迷信心理，但是作者却不相信有鬼魂的存在，他认为，只要努力了，就能成功。

（1）细节理解题，根据He did this only because he failed his final exam.可知，学生之所以从塔上跳下来是因为期末考试不及格。故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据The grass around the tower has been worn away by the feet of students who refuse to pass underneath the tower.可知，塔周围的草被那些拒绝从塔底下走的人所踏平。又根据Anyone who walks under the clock tower will have bad luck in his exam.可知这些人相信从塔底下走过会有不好的运气，言外之意就是他们相信有鬼魂的存在也就害怕了。故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据The university had to pave（铺） extra paths, so students could walk to their classrooms without passing under the most terrible area.可知，为了解决这个问题，学校又铺了另外一条通往教室的路。故答案是A。

（4）推理判断题，根据Whenever I go under the clock tower, I will tell myself, "Working hard is the key to success."可知，作者不相信有鬼，相信只有努力才能成功，也就不相信这个故事是真实的。故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题相对简单，一般都可以直接在文中找到解题的关键或者依据，而推理判断题则需要在充分理解的基础上进行合理的推断，从而获得答案。

15．阅读理解

When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are six ways to make you feel good about yourself.

⑴Look in the mirror and say to yourself, "I am a special person and there's no one in the world like me. I can do anything!"It may not sound so good, but it really works!

⑵Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good.

⑶Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family.

⑷Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges（挑战） are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.

⑸Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings.

⑹Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin.

（1）According to the passage, when you are helping others, you will .

A. be special

B. be sure

C. feel nice

D. be remembered

（2）What do the underlined words in ⑷ "a sense of accomplishment" mean?

A. 成就感

B. 忧伤感

C. 挫折感

D. 信任感（3）Which of the following should you say "NO" to when you are unhappy?

A. You should always look for the good things of others.

B. Stay alone at home as much as possible.

C. Learn something new and go for it!

D. Keep a diary to express your feelings.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：就如何调解自己不快乐的情绪给我们提出了一下建议，这些建议可以帮助我们恢复自信，调节心情，过得更快乐。

（1）细节理解题。根据文章中给出的第二条建议Helping others always makes you feel good 可知，帮助别人可以使自己感觉更好。故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据文章中第四条建议，学会新的东西。New challenges （挑战）are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished新的挑战是有趣的，当你完成这个挑战时，它会给你一种成就感。由这句话我们可以推断，如果能够完成一项挑战，这会使你有一种成就感，而不是忧伤感、挫败感或信任感。故选A。

（3）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，当我们不开心的时候，不应该整天一个人呆在家里，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

16．阅读理解

Laying with five balls in the air. You name them work, family, health, friends and spirit and you keep all of them in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce（弹跳）back.

But the other four balls, family, health, friends and spirit, are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be broken. They will never be the same. You must understand that and try to have balance in your life. How?

Don't look down on your worth by comparing yourself with others. It's because we're different and each of us is special.

Don't let other people set goals for you. Only you know what is best for yourself.

Don't give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.

Don't be afraid of difficulties. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave.

Don't shut love out of your life by saying it's impossible. The quickest way to receive love is to

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