河南省翻译竞赛试卷3

2014年河南省翻译竞赛试题 （本科、硕士研究生专业组）答案

1. 英译汉

我们迟早一定会意识到，我们不得不在地球所能提供的物质财富范围内生活。水源地球能给我们提供多少，我们就只能用多少，绝对多用不了。全球可持续的文明并不意味着我们过穷日子，没有快乐可言。相反，我们有非常丰富的文明资源。在此情况下，我们所使用的资源不会超出（多于）环境所能提供给我们的。我们将此称为生态资源丰富。我们可以拥有最高质量的新的生活方式，这种生活方式不但不会破坏全球生态系统，反而能治愈生态环境创伤。

不破坏环境的生活质量并非是“回归自然”。你不必像梭罗那样过着苦行生式的田园生活，（除非你想那样生活）。这刻意味着生活在非常高级的城市里面，守着家，享受创造性工作带来的喜悦，享受多元文化、高雅的公园以及高雅的文艺生活等。城市可以做到既漂亮又环保。好的生活方式可意味着信仰宗教，享受美感，参与社团生活。未来文明绝非生活单调，而是由各式各样的生活方式。

做到既富有又不破坏环境的途径很多，有些牵涉到对大自然的热爱，有些涉及到高科技，有些又与戏剧、垒球、剧院及爵士音乐有关。地球会有许多古老而又极富生物多样性的保护区，而有些人将对了解这些生物多样性充满热情。有些人将会热衷于环球帆船赛、滑翔伞、捕鸟、养花、水栽培、板球、野营、或在美丽的景区散步等活动。数码技术将给全球的电脑带来极其丰富的虚拟现实的电脑游戏，运用高保真耳机和高清晰护目镜，我们可以在任何地点观看最先进的娱乐节目。

未来世界的特点是知识快速增加，将知识应用于工作的技术快速提高。日常工作将继续由机器完成，让人越来越专注于需要人类情感的工作和创新性工作。21世纪将会有很多高端针对生态资源富足研究的创新。将会对生态资源富足的研究产生几乎无限多的业余爱好和兴趣。

2. 汉译英

Language reflects the path of social development, for every major change to the society in the history of China has brought a myriad of new terms into existence. Language, a social phenomenon, evolves with the community. Lexis is the most active element of languages, because social changes, scientific and technological advances, new thinking and fresh ideas are quickly embodied in the word-stock. Most

prominently, there have emerged huge quantities of coinages, new meanings and usages. As recently as last century, to say nothing of the distant past, neologisms peaked around May 4th Movement in 1919, in the infancy of the People’s Republic of China, and after reform and opening up to the outside world respectively. In recent years, for example, with the emergence of a new thing----the web, a large number of web-related new words have found their way into our life, such as the internet, email, dotcoms, online schools, websites, web pages, cybercrime and such like things that are the best instances of the co-evolution of language and society.

Language is a mirror of the society. If it undergoes great changes, not a tongue can possibly remain unaffected or unchanged. Language can also help reinforce some ideas, even some kind of ideology, so whether one is conservative or revolutionary, he uses his language in a specific way, as in the French Revolution where the names of months were altered because these names, they felt, stood for a traditional force----a symbol of sovereignty and aristocracy. That is why language itself, too, is power. Social transitions will undoubtedly bring changes to languages. The community is suddenly flooded with new information that is bound to be epitomized in language. There are also times when social shifts give rise to a great deal of new information, part of which can be represented by old lexis, but there are also times when we can only use new terms to express some of the new information. Therefore, it can be said that language is closely bound up with the society.

2014河南省翻译竞赛试题 （非专业组）答案

1. 英译汉

人类最先（早）是如何测量时间的呢？我们可以想象，我们的祖先如何睁大不解的双眼望着伟大的太阳，如何观察它越升越高，直到正午，阳光最强，而后开始下沉，直到消失在西方的地平线之下，使整

个世界陷入一片黑暗。

硕大的太阳已经下沉休息，温柔的月亮和成千上万闪烁的群星赶去接替了太阳。而后太阳又一次升起，发出光芒，然后下落。他再一次被月亮和群星接替着。人类由此学习了第一课：将有光明的时间成为白昼，将黑暗的时间称为夜晚。

在所有的天体中，月亮似乎是唯一能够改变形状和大小的星球。有时，它是一弯新月，有时是一个完整的圆圈（溜圆溜圆的）。人类计算日期，或是从这次新月到下次新月，或是从这次满月到下次满月，并称这段时间为一个月。这是人类计算时间的第二个阶段。

随后，人类注意到一天时间长短的变化和太阳热度的变化。人类观察到花草发芽，开花、枯萎， 还观察到树木身着灰绿色的新装，而后变成棕褐色，最后外衣全部落光。人类对播种时节、收获时节，以及严寒的冬日有了初步的概念；然后，他们开始计算从一个播种时节到下一个播种时节，或从一个冬季到下一个冬季期间月亮升起的次数，接着有了一个伟大的发现---“十二个月是一年”。这样，人类第一次建立了年、月、日的概念。

2. 汉译英

I have a complicated family background. According to the official record, my native place is in Dayao County of Yunnan Province, where, in fact, is the birth place of my grandfather, a place I have never been to. My father was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, but he was grown up in Jiangsu, Shanghai, and studied in Harbin Institute of Technology. My mother was from Lǚcheng Town, Danyang City, Jiangsu Province, and entered Beijing Institute of Mining Technology after her graduation from Senior High School. My parents, after graduating from university, went to work in Henan Province where the life was hard. Though I was born in Henan, grown up in Henan, the issue where I was from had once puzzled me because my family and I were always regarded as “People from the South” by my neighbors and schoolmates when I was a child. Only when I left Henan after being graduated from senior high school did I begin to realize the sentimental attachment and love of my home town where I had live for 18 years. Today, if anyone asks me “Where are you from?” I would answer

proudly (with pride): “I am from Henan.” Indeed, I was born in Henan, grown up in there; therefore, I am an out and out man from Henan Province.

2014年河南省翻译竞赛试题 （专科组）答案

1. 英译汉

我从小就想当警察，对维护社会治安心驰神往。我最爱看的电视剧是《女警察》，其次就是《步枪手》。我的衷心愿望就是当英雄，拯救民众，维护正义。

我从小就体重超标，每次给家里人说我要当警察的梦想，他们都会说，“噢，想当警察，那你可得减减肥哟。”我知道他们说的对，我也为自己这么胖感到没脸见人。然而，随着时间的推移，我体重非但没减，还增加了。

33岁那年，我身高1.57米（5英尺2英寸），可体重却超过了270斤（300磅）。不用说，我没当上警察。当然，我年龄太大，身体太重（胖）----想当警察就觉得荒唐。可凭心而论，当警察确实是我梦寐以求的事。啥时见到警察，孩提时那由来已久的兴奋和矢志不渝的热望便油然而生。

…….

最后我当上了警察调度员。我没真正当上警察，可有趣的是，这已经没关系了，重要的是我排除万难追求我的梦想。我曾经自己设限，这能做，那不能做，如今，每条设限都被我打破了。

“不去尝试怎么知道你能做什么，不能做什么呢？”已成了我的座右铭。自那之后，我就不再为自己的梦想设限（放飞梦想），大胆追逐那些真正令我心动的美梦。

2. 汉译英

The Chinese people develop a habit of taking power naps at an early age. From kindergarten to high school, schoolchildren are allowed a more than two-hour lunch break. Since children live very close to their primary schools, they can go back home for a nap and then return to continue their school before 2 o’clock in the afternoon sessions and so they can achieve higher classroom efficiency.

The same is true to many of China’s companies where work starts at 8,

lunch (break) around 12, and the afternoon session at 2. If the noon is not occupied for anything special, most people would prefer to rush their way through their lunch and go home or stay in the office for a nap. Only by doing so, can they do their work better in the afternoon.

2011自考英语翻译试题

2011年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题 I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best translation of the original statement in terms of meaning and expressiveness. (Please write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.) 1. A nations greatest wealth is the industry of its people. A.一个国家最大的财富就是民族工业。 B.一个国家最大的财富就是人民的勤劳。 C.一个民族最大的财富就是人民的工业。 D.一个民族最大的财富就是民众的兴旺。 2. Scientists are confident about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. A.科学家们确实知道煤是怎样形成的，但要是问他们石油是怎样形成的，他们似乎就不那么有把握了。 B.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油的形成时，他们好像没有那么确信。 C.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油是怎样形成的，似乎就不那么确信了。 D.科学家们确实知道煤的形成，但要是问他们石油的形成时，似乎就不那么有把握了。 3. I wasnt their enemy, in fact or in feeling. I was their ally. A.在事实上或感情上，我不是他们的敌人。我是他们的盟友。 B.我不是他们的敌人，在事实上或感情上。我是他们的盟友。 C.我不是他们的敌人，在事实上或者在感情上，而是他们的盟友。

英语翻译期末试卷

黄山学院初等教育学院2008－2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。（请将答案写在序号前面）20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲，成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里，成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命，23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡，23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海，23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班，他不仅是头领，而且，也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑，是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用，而且，还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明，而且，工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说，澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道，澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道，某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布，出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布，出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明，过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍，使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车，你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车，你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车，你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车，你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务，这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位，需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.

韩素英翻译比赛原文

参赛原文： 英译汉原文 Hidden Within Technology’s Empire, a Republic of Letters When I was a boy “discovering literature”, I used to think how wonderful it would be if every other person on the street were familiar with Proust and Joyce or T. E. Lawrence or Pasternak and Kafka. Later I learned how refractory to high culture the democratic masses were. Lincoln as a young frontiersman read Plutarch, Shakespeare and the Bible. But then he was Lincoln. Later when I was traveling in the Midwest by car, bus and train, I regularly visited small-town libraries and found that readers in Keokuk, Iowa, or Benton Harbor, Mich., were checking out Proust and Joyce and even Svevo and Andrei Biely. D. H. Lawrence was also a favorite. And sometimes I remembered that God was willing to spare Sodom for the sake of 10 of the righteous. Not that Keokuk was anything like wicked Sodom, or that Proust?s Charlus would have been tempted to settle in Benton Harbor, Mich. I seem to have had a persistent democratic desire to find evidences of high culture in the most unlikely places. For many decades now I have been a fiction writer, and from the first I was aware that mine was a questionable occupation. In the 1930?s an elderly neighbor in Chicago told me that he wrote fiction for the pulps. “The people on the block wonder why I don?t go to a job, and I?m seen puttering around, trimming the bushes or painting a fence instead of working in a factory. But I?m a writer. I sell to Argosy and Doc Savage,” he said with a certain gloom. “They wouldn?t call that a trade.” Probably he noticed that I was a bookish boy, likely to sympathize with him, and perhaps he was trying to warn me to avoid being unlike others. But it was too late for that. From the first, too, I had been warned that the novel was at the point of death, that like the walled city or the crossbow, it was a thing of the past. And no one likes to be at odds with history. Oswald Spengler, one of the most widely read authors of the early 30?s, taught that our tired old civilization was ve ry nearly finished. His advice to the young was to avoid literature and the arts and to embrace mechanization and become engineers.

英汉翻译练习题

《英汉翻译》练习题一 一、Phrase Translation（句子翻译） A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语）． 1) rural reform （） 2) industrial revolution （） 3) non-governmental sectors （） 4) the International Court of Justice （） 5) Agriculture Department （） 6) encyclopedia （） 7) editorial （） 8) relay race （） 9) vocational school （） 10) the theory of relativity （） 11) to pick and choose ( ) 12) a drugstore ( ) 13) soda fountain ( ) 14) in this fashion ( ) 15) a part-time river ( ) 16) up the river ( ) 17) a summer resort ( ) B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）． 1) 经济增长（） 2) 知识经济（） 3) 民族团结（） 4) 官僚主义（） 5) 所有制（）

6) 社会科学（） 7) 期刊（） 8) 世界纪录（） 9) 最高人民法院（） 10) 国营企业（） 11) 现代化建设( ) 12) 专属经济区( ) 13) 可再生能源( ) 14) 合法权益( ) 15) 御花园( ) 16) 故宫博物院( ) 17) 可耕地( ) 二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题） A. Directions：This part consists of ten sentences．each followed by four different versions labeled A，B，C and D．Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness．1.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines，her financial structure would be in danger．( ) A.他认为，那直接影响着园内对政府的信心下降，它的财歧体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为，国内对政府的信心下降，其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为，一旦国内对政府的信心下降，她的财政体制就会出现危机。 D．他当时认为，只要政府内部失去信心，其金融结构就会瓦解。 2．Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body．( ) A．日光和新鲜空气对于身体健康都是不可缺少的。 B．对于健康的身体，日光和新鲜空气一样不可缺少。 C．对于身体健康，日光如新鲜空气一样不可或缺。 D．阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。 3．Intense light and heat in the open contrasted with the coolness of shaded

翻译基础期末试卷A

课程代码：0730090 第 1 页 共 4 页 出卷老师：万小磊 广东******学院 201*-201*学年第二学期期末考核试卷 适用年级、专业或班级：商英****班 考试科目：英汉翻译基础（汉译英） （闭卷）（C 卷） 总分：100分 考试时间：90分钟 一．Fill in the blanks （1 point for each blank ，6 points in total ） 1. 要胜任汉英翻译工作译者必须具备至少三种素养: 深厚的____________,广博的____________和高度的___________。 2. 以下各位分别提出了什么翻译标准? 刘重德___________, 傅雷________, 钱钟书___________。 二. Choose one proper word to fill in the blanks. Use its plural when necessary. （2 points for each blank, 14 points in total ） 1. 心有余而力不足 One’s ability falls short of one’s _________________. 2. 您的建议我会永远铭记在心。I will always bear your advice in_____________. 3. 如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。You’ll hurt her____________if you forget her birthday. 4. 居心叵测 to nurser evil__________________. 5. 得人心者得天下 Those who gain___________________among the people will gain the 系别 班级 学号 姓名 - --------------- ---------- ------- ------- -------- -- - --- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- ----- - --- - -- -- -装 订 线 - ------- ---- - -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- - - -- ----- ---- - -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- ----------------

新经典第二届翻译大赛译文原文

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Irritability is the tendency to get upset for reasons that seem – to other people – to be pretty minor. Your partner asks you how work went and the way they ask makes you feel intensely agitated. Your partner is putting knives and forks on the table before dinner and you mention (not for the first time) that the fork should go on the left hand side, not the right. They then immediately let out a huge sigh and sweep the cutlery onto the floor and tell you that you can xxxx-ing do it yourself if you know better. It was the most minor of criticisms and technically quite correct. And now they’ve exploded. There is so much irritability around and it exacts a huge daily cost on our collective lives, so we deserve to get a lot more curious about it: what is really going on for the irritable person? Why, really, are they getting so agitated? And instead of blaming them for getting het up about “little things”, we should do them the honour of working out why, in fact, these things may not be so minor after all.

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